REQUISITION AND INVENTORY OF ELECTRONICS EQUIPMENT 1

Requisition and Inventory System of Electronics Equipment for ECE Laboratory of Holy

Angel University

Marc Marvin Ray S. Ebilane,1 Drayxee Rose P. Iruma,2 Nixie Noelle Ohanna D. Pineda,3

Geofrey L. Reyes,4 and Raymwel M. Roldan5

Department of Electronics Engineering, Holy Angel University

Author Note

This paper was prepared for Dr. Figueroa’s Methods of Research class.

Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Marc Marvin Ray S.

Ebilane, #1 Holy Angel St, Angeles, 2009 Pampanga.

Email: msebilane@student.hau.edu.ph
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Requisition and Inventory System of Electronics Equipment for ECE Laboratory of Holy

Angel University

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technique that employs radio waves to identify

tagged objects passively. It is utilized in a variety of commercial and industrial applications,

ranging from monitoring products along a supply chain to keeping track of materials borrowed

from a library or laboratory. Moreover, RFID, in its most practical application is employed in

warehouse management among others and is used as a tool for stock labels in identifying the

status of inventory (Ko, C.-H., et al., 2013). Academic literature lists a number of distinct

advantages of using RFID systems, including significant cost savings, less errors and material

loss, lower inventory levels, faster data transmission, and many more. This generally results in

improved production and client satisfaction, raising the company's competitiveness and assuring

its long-term existence. (Moretti, E. de A., et al., 2019). It takes skill, knowledge, and people—

from front-line employees to senior management—to support and commit resources to an RFID

system implementation because it involves not only the technical aspects of system development

and deployment but also human issues, organizational issues, the physical environment, and

business processes (Ngai, E.W.T., et al., 2010).

Thematic Related Literature

RFID System and Tags

According to Duong, L. (2015), Radio Frequency Identification, is one of the most

promising technologies used for object identification and enables real time data collection. Such

technologies are intended to detect items, acquire information about the objects automatically,

and update the information in a computer system without the need for human intervention
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(Potdar, Wu & Chang, 2010). RFID integration with current technologies and applications is

critical for deployment (Verma & Garg, 2014). RFID technology was also used in the integrated

circuit inventory system (ICs). It consists of a reading device called tag reader and other small

devices named tags which are attached to the objects that needs to be tracked or identified

(Abraham, C., 2017). It is composed of three main components. First are the RFID tag or

transponder which are attached to the objects that are needed to be identified. Basically, a

memory device that may communicate its information when scanned by a reader. The memory is

made up of binary numbers known as bits, and data is transmitted and received via a

communication channel, in this case, wirelessly using radio waves. These tags receive power

from the interrogation signal for storing data. Second is the reader or transceiver which is made

up of Radio Frequency (RF) module and control unit. This reader transmits a radio wave pulse to

the tags and waits for a response. The tag detects this pulse and responds with the tag ID number

and perhaps additional information. This will then send the interrogation signal to the tags.

Lastly, the Data Processing Subsystem which can be an application or a database. The ability to

reliably identify multiple tags within the shortest timeframe possible is an important factor to

everyday applications and is limited due to RFID tag design requirements. The RFID tags has

two types known as active tags and passive tags. Active tags are battery powered and can sense

the spectrum status and other tags transmitting to the reader to avoid collisions. While passive

tags are battery free and can scale up to thousand tags in one interrogation area, which makes

them cost-efficient. However, passive tags cannot detect concurrent transmitting tags which

increases the probability of collisions (Fahim, A. et al., 2018).

RFID is a key enabler of the Internet of Things (IoT), playing a crucial role in connecting

low-nonpowered devices to IoT environments. An RFID reader can communicate with hundreds
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of passive RFID tags within seconds, even at a large distance away from the tags. Each tag is

required to be equipped with a prefix matching circuit, and it will respond only when the tag ID

matches the prefix of the probe command. Once a collision is detected, the reader will update the

query prefix according to the position of collision bits. Then, the reader uses the updated prefixes

to interrogate the tags until all of them are successfully identified (He, Z. & Luo, H., 2021).

An antenna, an RFID interrogator, a processor, and a user interface make up an RFID

reader. Together, the antenna and interrogator use mutual induction to capture and read tag data

that is subsequently sent to the processor. The CPU pulls data from the tag and displays it on

various outputs, including the LCD, cloud, WiFi, memory card, and personal computer. When

lab equipment in the School of Engineering lab is removed from the reader area, the RFID tag

content of each individual device information will be attached to the lab apparatus and send the

information in real-time (H.S Chua & et al, 2019).

RFID Function

RFID system is an intelligent object tracking device that uses an active (uses an internal

power source) or a passive (which has no internal power source) tag that transmits the

information of an object or a person using radio waves into a scanner that receives the data

(Gotmare, A., et al., 2019). According to Zhang, L. & Reha, A. (2014). The workload of the lab

manager can be reduced, and the level and manner of laboratory management can be

strengthened, by using real-time monitoring laboratory equipment and intelligent tracking

laboratory equipment to capture and verify information. The informational construction of

universities and colleges is accelerated, the configuration of teaching laboratory equipment is

further optimized, and the usage rate of the school laboratory equipment is substantially
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increased. At the same time, it also enables the superior managers to quickly master the status of

the school laboratory equipment.

According to Nazmi, N., et al. (2021). RFID is used to measure productivity, which

improves job productivity and the counting process. It is a new technology that supports the

administration of transactions and coordinated material streams by providing accurate, timely,

and trustworthy information. RFID technology may benefit school personnel, instructors, and

students. The terms system, software, and prototype are used interchangeably. The RFID system

consisted of a computer terminal that sent laboratory equipment records, such as monitoring and

inventor, through a local area network. It was programmed to display data about the university's

lab equipment. The RFID reader was placed at the laboratory's front door. The developed system

proved effective in tracking and inventorying laboratory equipment by utilizing RFID (Velayo,

J., et al., 2013). This research aims to provide knowledge and insights about the application of

RFID system. As we all know, RFID gave us a lot of convenience from expressway toll gates,

security access, and even in inventory management, that is why this type of system became

useful in a wide range of applications. According to Veridian (2017), RFID holds a lot of

advantages that can benefit the users like reduced labor cost. Labor costs are eliminated because

the tags automatically create and submit information when they are scanned by an Automatic

Identification and Data Collection (AIDC) system. Improves visibility, better visibility

throughout your supply chain is a result of more information being processed and collected, and

the ability to monitor and trace products and notify customers, retail partners, and other supply

chain participants naturally benefits from more information.

Requisition System
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According to Adedeji, A., et al. (2021). A requisition is a list of materials required for a

project that is completed on the workplace and sent to the head office before being sent to the

supplier. It contains information about the materials required as well as the dates on which they

are needed. The requisition eventually leads to the procurement phase and determines material

supply. In this web-based application, students log in to the laboratory's web browser and request

their equipment. The web-based application in the supply chain then moves on to select

equipment, produce, and notify the student of the availability time while also collecting customer

feedback (Deraman, R., et al., 2019). This makes it simple to obtain information about storing

and monitoring storage, as well as picking and dispensing office supplies for teachers and staff

(Chanthinok, K. & Naenudorn, E., 2022).

Inventory System using RFID

The control of inventory using RFID technology is one of the uses of this system. End

users benefit from faster and more integrated services, and they are safer than the solutions now

in use in the process (L. Reina, et al., 2018). RFID is a form of wireless communication

technology. It does not require the establishment of mechanical or optical connections between

the identification system and the defined target in order to identify a specific target via wireless

signals to read or write data (Chen, M., et al., 2021). Because inventory can be tracked more

accurately in real-time using RFID, processing time and personnel costs would be lowered,

which would improve supply chain operations (Lee et al. 2004). The main data collection

method for "detect and response" systems and autonomous, self-healing "adaptive supply chains"

is RFID (Capone et al. 2004). Smart inventory systems can monitor inventory levels and provide

scalability, security, and backups. The concept of "smart shelves" has enabled real-time inventory

management, and the retail industry requires smart inventory systems (Al Kurdi, B., et al., 2022).
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Research Problem

Due to the current problem of the ECE laboratory at Holy Angel University in manually

filling requisition slips, locating equipment, and knowing what equipment is needed, an RFID is

required to track and locate the equipment or even the students and faculty staff. Students often

encounter a problem when it comes to filling up requisition slips because it takes an ample

amount of time during the designated laboratory schedule.

Objectives

To achieve the general objective, the study specifically aims to achieve the following objectives:

1) To create a digital requisition slip with the following information, such as name of students

and their respective student numbers, electronic component and equipment to be borrowed, name

of professor, date, and name of laboratory personnel.

2) To create an inventory system with Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) for the tools and

equipment used in Electronics Engineering laboratory.