This argument presents Gigerenzer's ideas of adaptable toolbox of quick and frugal heuristics and provides

context for those concepts (Todd, Gigerenzer, and the ABC Research Group, 2012). To provide a concise
explanation, he likens the mind to an adaptable toolbox that is stocked with certain heuristics that are chosen in
accordance with the limits of the environment and the objectives of the individual making the choice. The use of
heuristics that are effective, can provide results quickly, and need just a little quantity of information is a
primary focus (Gigerenzer, 2006, pp. 124–126; Goldstein and Gigerenzer, 2002). The technique will be shown
with the help of the following example.

Which of these cities in the United States has a larger population: San Diego or San Antonio?
This topic was presented by Goldstein and Gigerenzer (2002) to student focus groups from the University of
Chicago and the University of Munich. Students at the University of Chicago got the answer right 62% of the
time, correctly deducing that San Diego was the bigger city, but amazingly, every single student at the
University of Munich got the answer right (Gigerenzer, 2006, pp. 124–126). Goldstein and Gigerenzer
explained the finding via the functioning of a recognition heuristic. This heuristic says that when you are
presented with two items and you have heard of one of them but not the other, you should choose the one that
you have heard of in the past. Because the majority of Chicago students were familiar with both locations, they
were unable to depend on this heuristic. On the other hand, the ignorance of the students in Munich, of whom
relatively few were familiar with San Antonio, helped ease their assessment (Gigerenzer, 2006, pp. 124–126).

The findings and conclusions reached by evolutionary psychologists call for a reevaluation of the gloomy
outlook that is based on heuristics and biases. They show that individuals do not break from suitable standards
of rationality when mental activities are offered in a more instrumental, ecological frame. This is the conclusion
drawn from their research. The vast majority of people's thinking is carried out by "elegant machines" that have
been designed to thrive in the complex evolutionary environment. In addition, according to Gigerenzer's
argument, heuristics that are "quick and frugal" are effective tactics because they capitalize on the capabilities
that have developed through time as well as the contextual structure to draw logical conclusions (Gigerenzer,
2006, p. 120). In light of this, fears over the irrationality of humans eventually turn out to be unfounded.