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FLOW&REPORT SCRIPT

DEFINING GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM

 The theory of the interstate system holds that all states are defined through their
relationship to other states or through participation in the world economy, and
that divisions between states help to divide the world into
a core, periphery and semi-periphery.
 It is the whole system of human interactions. The modern world system is
structured politically as an interstate system - a system of competing and allying
states. Political Scientist commonly call this the international system, and it is the
main focus of the field of International Relations.

GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM •Institutions that Govern International Relations.

UNITED NATIONS(UN)
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second
World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and
security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress,
better living standards and human rights.

Due to its unique international character and the powers vested in its founding
charter, the Organization can take action on a wide range of issues and provide a
forum for its 193 member states to express their views through the General
Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, and other bodies
and committees.

The work of the United Nations reaches every corner of the globe. Although best
known for peacekeeping, peace building, conflict prevention, and humanitarian
assistance, there are many other ways the United Nations and its system (specialized
agencies, funds, and programs) affect our lives and make the world a better place.
The Organization works on a broad range of fundamental issues, from sustainable
development, environment, and refugee protection, disaster relief, counter-terrorism,
disarmament, and non-proliferation, to promoting democracy, human rights, gender
equality, the advancement of women, governance, economic and social development,
international health, clearing landmines, expanding food production, and more, in
order to achieve its goals and coordinate efforts for a safer world for this and future
generations.

REGIONAL COMMISSIONS

• Regional Commissions are a group of officials in different countries that instruct,

debate and in charged in making a certain law, rights etc. to develop the economy
and social. E.g. Human Rights, Science and Technology.

ECA - ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA Location: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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ECE - ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Location: Geneva, Switzerland

ECLAC - ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR LATIN AMERICAN AND THE CARIBBEAN

Location: Santiago, Chile

ESCAP - ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
Location: Bangkok, Thailand

ESCWA - ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR WESTERN ASIA Location:

Beirut, Lebanon

SELECTED INSTITUTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH WORLD TRADE

WORLD BANK The international financial institution that provides loans to countries of
the world for capital projects It was established by the United Nations Monetary and
Financial Conference or the Bretton Woods Conference. World Bank Headquarters
Location: Washington D.C. United States of America
WORLD BANK GROUP

INTERNATIONAL BANK RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT (IBRD) Offers loans to

middle- income countries to develop and improve their economy. International Bank
Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) Location: Washington D.C. United States of
America

INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION(IFC) Providing loans for private sectors in

developing countries to create markets that open up opportunities for all.
International Finance Corporation Location: Washington D.C. United States of America

MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY (MIGA) to promote foreign direct

investment (FDI) into developing countries to help support economic growth, reduce
poverty, and improve people's lives Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
Location: Washington D.C. United States of America

INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR SETTLEMENT OF INVESTMENT DISPUTES (ICSID)

Administered the majority of all international investment cases. It is the forum for
investor in most of international investment treaties and in numerous investment
laws and contracts International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
Headquarters Location: Washington D.C. United States of America

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF) Ensure the stability of the international

monetary system. It does so in three ways: keeping track of the global economy and
the economies of member countries; lending to countries with balance of payments
difficulties; and giving practical help to members. International Monetary Fund
Headquarters Location: Washington D.C. United States of America

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) Regulates international trades Deals with the
rule of trade between nations Ensures the trade will flows smoothly, predictably and
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freely as possible. Acts as forum in negotiation trade agreements World Bank

Headquarters Location: Geneva, Switzerland

ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT (OECD) Consists

of 35 member countries Stimulate economic progress and world trade Providing a
platform to compare policy experiences, seeking answers to common problems,
identify good practices and coordinate domestic and international policies of its
members. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Headquarters
Location: Paris, France

SPECIALIZED AGENCIES

INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION (ILO) A United Nations agency dealing with

labor problems, particularly international labor standards, social protection, and work
opportunities for all. International Labor Organization Headquarters Location: Geneva,
Switzerland

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS (FAO)

• A specialized agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat
hunger.
• Help eliminate hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition
• Reduce Rural Poverty
• Make agriculture, forestry and fisheries more productive and sustainable
• Enable inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems
• Increase the resilience of livelihoods to threats and crises Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations Headquarters Location: Rome, Italy

UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION

(UNESCO) To contribute to peace and security by promoting international
collaboration through educational, scientific, and cultural reforms in order to increase
universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and human rights along with
fundamental freedom. Contribute to build peace. UNESCO Headquarters Location:
Paris, France

UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND (UNICEF) The United Nations International

Children's Fund is a United Nations agency responsible for providing humanitarian and
developmental aid to children worldwide. Based in U.N. headquarters in New York
City, it is among the most widespread and recognizable social welfare organizations in
the world, with a presence in 192 countries and territories. UNICEF's activities include
immunizations and disease prevention, administering treatment for children and
mothers with HIV, enhancing childhood and maternal nutrition, improving sanitation,
promoting education, and providing emergency relief in response to disasters. UNICEF
Headquarters Location: New York City, USA

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) Building a better, healthier future for people
all over the world Concern about public health Prime concern is to eradicate and
combat dangerous diseases like AIDS/HIVS Make researches in medicines and
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vaccines to eliminate diseases, and development of nutritious foods Responsible for

World Health Report and Survey WHO Headquarters Location: Geneva, Switzerland

OTHER SPECIALIZED INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION (ICAO) To foster the planning and

development of international air transport so as to ensure the safe and orderly growth
of international civil aviation throughout the world International Civil Aviation
Organization Headquarters Location: Montreal, Canada

INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION (IMO) responsible for the safety and

security of shipping and the prevention of marine pollution by ships. International
Maritime Organization Headquarters Location: London, United Kingdom

INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION (ITU) Connecting all the world's

people Allocate global radio spectrum and satellite orbits, develop the technical
standards that ensure networks and technologies seamlessly interconnect, and strive
to improve access to ICTs to underserved communities worldwide. International
Telecommunications Union Headquarters Location: Geneva, Switzerland

UNIVERSAL POSTAL UNION (UPU) Ensure a truly universal network of up-to-date

products and services Sets the rules for international mail exchanges and makes
recommendations to stimulate growth in mail, parcel and financial services volumes
and improve quality of service for customers. Universal Postal Union Headquarters
Location: Bern, Switzerland

WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (WMO) A specialized agency of the United

Nations for meteorology (weather and climate), operational hydrology and related
geophysical sciences. The UN system's authoritative voice on the state and behavior
of the Earth's atmosphere, its interaction with the oceans, the climate it produces and
the resulting distribution of water resources. World Meteorological Organization
Headquarters Location: Geneva, Switzerland

WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION (WIPO) Intellectual property (IP)

refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works;
designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce e.g. patents, copyright
and trademarks Lead the development of a balanced and effective international
intellectual property (IP) system that enables innovation and creativity for the benefit
of all World Intellectual Property Organization Headquarters Location: Geneva,
Switzerland

INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT (IFAD) Invest in rural

people, empowering them to increase their food security, improve the nutrition of
their families and increase their incomes. Building resilience, expand their businesses
and take charge of their own development. International Fund for Agricultural
Development Headquarters Location: Geneva, Switzerland
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UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION (UNIDO) The

specialized agency of the United Nations that Promotes industrial development for
poverty reduction, inclusive globalization and environmental sustainability United
Nations Industrial Development Organization Headquarters Location: Vienna, Austria

WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (UNWTO) Responsible for the promotion of

responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism Leading international
organization in the field of tourism, which promotes tourism as a driver of economic
growth, inclusive development and environmental sustainability and offers leadership
and support to the sector in advancing knowledge and tourism policies worldwide
United Nations World Tourism Organization Headquarters Location: Madrid, Spain

ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATION ASEAN It is a geo-political and

economic organization of ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed
on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
Since then, membership has expanded to include Brunei, Burma (Myanmar),
Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Its aims include accelerating economic growth, social
progress, cultural development among its members, protection of regional peace and
stability, and opportunities for member countries to discuss differences peacefully.
ASEAN Headquarters Location: Jakarta, Indonesia

INTERNATIONAL POLICE INTERPOL Widely known as INTERPOL, it is an

intergovernmental organization facilitating international police cooperation. It was
established as the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC) in 1923 and
adopted its telegraphic address as its common name in 1956. Note: We are signatory
in it, meaning we are bound by sign agreement. International Police Organization
Headquarters Location: Lyon, France

LATIN UNION It is an international organization of nations that use Romance

languages, with the aim of protecting, projecting, and promoting the common cultural
heritage of Latin peoples and unifying identities of the Latin, and Latin- influenced,
world. It was created in 1954 in Madrid, Spain, and has existed as a functional
institution since 1983. Its membership has risen from 12 to 36 states, including
countries in North America, South America, Europe, Africa, and the Asia-Pacific
region. Location: Paris, France

SOUTHEAST ASIAN TREATY ORGANIZATION (SEATO) Was an international

organization for collective defense in Southeast Asia created by the Southeast Asia
Collective Defense Treaty, or Manila Pact, signed in September 1954 in Manila,
Philippines. The formal institution of SEATO was established on 19 February 1955 at a
meeting of treaty partners in Bangkok, Thailand. The organization's headquarters
were also in Bangkok. Eight members joined the organization. Primarily created to
block further communist gains in Southeast Asia, SEATO is generally considered a
failure because internal conflict and dispute hindered general use of the SEATO
military; however, SEATO-funded cultural and educational programs left long-
standing effects in Southeast Asia. SEATO was dissolved on 30 June 1977 after many
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members lost interest and withdrew. SEATO Headquarters Location: Bangkok,

Thailand

NON-ALIGNED MOVEMENT (NAM) The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of

states which are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. As of
2012, the movement has 120 members and 17 observer countries. Note: Power block
means power as influenced. The organization was founded in Belgrade in 1961 NAM
Headquarters Location: Jakarta, Indonesia

ECONOMIC PARTICIPANTS Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Asian Development

Bank, Colombo Plan World Bank, World Trade Organization (WTO).

ASIA-PACIFIC ECONOMY COOPERATION APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

(APEC) is a forum for 21 Pacific Rim countries (formally Member Economies) that
seeks to promote free trade and economic cooperation throughout the Asia-Pacific
region. It was established in 1989 in response to the growing interdependence of
Asia-Pacific economies and the advent of regional trade blocs in other parts of the
world; to fears that highly industrialized Japan (a member of G8) would come to
dominate economic activity in the Asia-Pacific region; and to establish new markets
for agricultural products and raw materials beyond Europe (where demand had been
declining). APEC Headquarters Location: Singapore

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB) It is a regional development bank established on

22 August 1966 to facilitate economic development of countries in Asia. The bank
admits the members of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia
and the Pacific (UNESCAP, formerly known as the United Nations Economic
Commission for Asia and the Far East) and non-regional developed countries. From
31 members at its establishment, ADB now has 67 members - of which 48 are from
within Asia and the Pacific and 19 outside. ADB was modeled closely on the World
Bank, and has a similar weighted voting system where votes are distributed in
proportion with member's capital subscriptions. By the end of 2012, both the United
States and Japan hold the two largest proportions of shares each at 12.78%. China
holds 5.45%, India holds 5.36%. ADB Headquarters Location: Mandaluyong City,
Philippines

COLOMBO PLAN It is a regional organization that embodies the concept of collective

inter-governmental effort to strengthen economic and social development of member
countries in the Asia- Pacific region. The primary focus of all Colombo Plan activities is
on human resources development.
INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE CC has three main activities: rule setting,
dispute resolution, and policy advocacy. Because its member companies and
associations are themselves engaged in international business, ICC has unrivalled
authority in making rules that govern the conduct of business across borders.
Although these rules are voluntary, they are observed in countless thousands of
transactions every day and have become part of international trade. A world network
of national committees in over 100 countries advocates business priorities at national
and regional level. More than 3,000 experts drawn from ICC’s member companies
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feed their knowledge and experience into crafting the ICC stance on specific business
issues. International Chamber of Commerce Headquarters Location: Paris, France

INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICCt) The International Criminal Court (ICC or

ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The
Hague in the Netherlands. The ICC has the jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the
international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The ICC is
intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only
exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts
are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals or when the United Nations Security
Council or individual states refer situations to the Court. International Criminal Court
Headquarters Location: The Hague, Netherlands

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE (ICJ) The International Court of Justice (French:

Cour internationale de justice; commonly referred to as the World Court, ICJ or The
Hague) is the primary judicial branch of the United Nations (UN). Seated in the Peace
Palace in The Hague, Netherlands, the court settles legal disputes submitted to it by
states and provides advisory opinions on legal questions submitted to it by duly
authorized international branches, agencies, and the UN General Assembly.
International Court of Justice Headquarters Location: The Hague, Netherlands

INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY OF THE RED CROSS (ICRC) The International

Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian institution based in Geneva,
Switzerland, and a three-time Nobel Prize Laureate. State parties (signatories) to the
four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 (Protocol I,
Protocol II) and 2005 have given the ICRC a mandate to protect victims of
international and internal armed conflicts. Such victims include war wounded,
prisoners, refugees, civilians, and other non-combatants. The ICRC is part of the
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement along with the International
Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) and 190 National
Societies. It is the oldest and most honoured organization within the movement and
one of the most widely recognized organizations in the world, having won three Nobel
Peace Prizes in 1917, 1944, and 1963

UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is
one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of
international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United
Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter. Its powers include
the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of international
sanctions, and the authorization of military action through Security Council
resolutions; it is the only UN body with the authority to issue binding resolutions to
member states. The Security Council held its first session on 17 January 1946.
Security Council resolutions are typically enforced by UN peacekeepers, military
forces voluntarily provided by member states and funded independently of the main
UN budget. As of 2016, 103,510 peacekeepers and 16,471 civilians were deployed on
sixteen peacekeeping operations and one special political mission UNSC Chamber UN
Headquarters Location: New York City, USA
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INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE (IOC) The International Olympic Committee

(IOC; French: Comité International Olympique, CIO) is the supreme authority of the
worldwide Olympic movement. Based in Lausanne, Switzerland, IOC is a non-profit
independent international organization made up of volunteers, which is committed to
building a better world through sport. It redistributes more than 90 per cent of its
income to the wider sporting movement, which means that every day the equivalent
of US$ 3.4 million goes to help athletes and sports organizations at all levels around
the world. Its mission is enshrined in the Olympic Charter: to support the
development of competitive sport by ethical and environmentally sustainable means.
International Olympic Committee Headquarters Location: Lausanne, Switzerland

WORLD WILDLIFE FUND (WWF) The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an
international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, working in the field of
the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.
It was formerly named the World Wildlife Fund, which remains its official name in
Canada and the United States. The Living Planet Report is published every two years
by WWF since 1998; it is based on a Living Planet Index and ecological footprint
calculation. It is the world's largest conservation organization with over five million
supporters worldwide, working in more than 100 countries, supporting around 1,300
conservation and environmental projects. They have invested over $1 billion in more
than 12,000 conservation initiatives since 1995. WWF is a foundation, with 55% of
funding from individuals and bequests, 19% from government sources (such as the
World Bank, DFID, USAID) and 8% from corporations in 2014. World Wildlife Fund
Headquarters Location: Gland, Switzerland

GREENPEACE Greenpeace is known for its direct actions and has been described as
the most visible environmental organization in the world. Greenpeace has raised
environmental issues to public knowledge, and influenced both the private and the
public sector. Greenpeace has also been a source of controversy; its motives and
methods (some of the latter being illegal) have received criticism, including an open
letter from more than 100 Nobel laureates urging Greenpeace to end its campaign
against genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The organization's direct actions have
sparked legal actions against Greenpeace activists, such as fines and suspended
sentences for destroying a test plot of genetically modified wheat and damaging the
Nazca Lines, a UN World Heritage site in Peru. Greenpeace Headquarters Location:
Amsterdam, Netherlands

POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION
 When we say Political globalization it refers to the ripple effects and continuity of
political relationships between countries. 

Setting up international organizations such as the UN, NATO, WTO, which debates
and regulate international politics and trade, is also an example of this type of
globalization. 
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Globalization also paved the way for international laws and clauses that secure the
rights and interests of smaller nations. Modern globalization is primarily driven by
business. Thus, less powerful countries with rich natural resources often run into
devious companies with vested interests. Therefore, international organizations
protect these countries.

‍Benefits of political globalization

 Creation of the single society

 Formation of international organizations
 Healthy competition between nations for socio-economic growth
 A collective effort towards common problems
 Decentralization of the nation-state
DEFINING STATE, NATION AND NATION-STATE
STATE
Weber (1997) Describes the states as a compulsory political organization with a
centralized government that maintains the legitimate use of force within a certain
territory.
NATION
Schattle (2014) nation emphasizes the organic ties that hold groups of people
together and inspire a sense of loyalty belonging-ethnic, language, religion, and
others
NATION-STATE
A nation-state, by a broader working definition, is a sort of state that unites the
political and cultural aspects of a nation in order to gain political legitimacy to rule
and, maybe, the status of a sovereign state if one accepts the declarative theory of
statehood as opposed to the constitutive theory. A nation is a cultural and ethnic
entity, while a state is specifically a political and geopolitical one. The term "nation-
state" suggests that these two concepts are equivalent, with a state choosing to
accept and support a certain cultural group as being linked with it. The concept of a
nation-state can be compared to that of a multinational state, city-state, empire,
confederation, and union.
 Example of nation-state is France, Egypt, Germany, Japan and Philippines
EXPLANATION OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN STATE AND NATION
STATE
Is a political term thus it has 4 essential elements the
People who are the inhabitants living inside the state.
Territory it includes only a fix proportion of land over the jurisdiction of the state
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Thus there is a Question, is there a requirement that is needed for a place or a

specific land to become a state even though it is small or large?; the answer is no,
there is no requirement, territorial requirement as long as the territory can suffice or
can feed the people inside its jurisdiction
Government is the agency through which the will of the state is formulated meaning
to say the will or the need of the state is formulated this is the agency like us who led
the government , the people, thus the people is the government alone
Sovereignty is the term defined as the supreme power of the state meaning to say
this is the power given to the state by the family of nations. So even though you have
a people, territory and government but you don’t have the power therefore you don’t
exist as a state. We can also describe sovereignty as the main organizing principle in
a system of states. In addition, we can categorize the concept of sovereignty into
internal sovereignty and external sovereignty.
The two types of sovereignty:
Internal sovereignty - refers to the supreme power of the state, which affects all
individuals and associations within the territory under its control. It also describes the
relationship between the sovereign power and its subjects. Furthermore, if we look at
an example, in the UK, the internal sovereignty lies within the Parliament, and it is
reflected in the constitutional principle of parliamentary sovereignty.
External sovereignty - it is the ability of the state to act independently and
autonomously in the face of external forces. Moreover, it’s the right of a nation to be
free from external interference's (from other countries) that challenge and disrupt the
rights and freedoms of that nation to govern its own territory. In addition, no other
external state or authority can interfere in it.
If one of the 4 element is missing a land is cannot be called a state
9
NATION
is a Ethnic term
Therefore it is a Shared Common Characteristics
History or Origin
Culture
Religion
Language
Unlike the state if one of the characteristics of a nation is missing or it has only one
characteristics it can still be called a nation
A nation Consists of many states
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ex: American Nation, European Nation, Arab Nation

THE EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION IN GOVERNMENT
When we’re talking about it, we mean the process of self-integration of countries due
to an impact of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and non-governmental
organizations (INGOs). Generally, it involves economic integration and political
interaction as it’s connected to the cultural and social aspects of different nations.
Researchers distinguish several dimensions of globalization, chiefly among them they
emphasize on political, social, and economic models. The modern political approach
pertains to the coordination and cooperation between different governments. National
partnerships were primarily created to overcome such global problems as wars,
diseases, hunger, and environmental pollution. The social approach deals with human
interaction as social media and the Internet allow people to communicate without
barriers. For instance, everybody knows about the American dream, Russian ballet, or
Chinese professional chess players since information spreads very fast. An economic
dimension pertains to commercial corporations. They have headquarters worldwide
which allow them to influence particular domestic policy.
POSITIVE EFFECT-Globalization has had numerous positive effects on some
developing countries. It’s the reason for the fast growth and development of these
countries as people invest in these states improving their infrastructure, technology,
and total production.
POVERTY ERADICATION - Before globalization, developing countries have had
plenty of resources which they didn’t know how to use. Their population was
uneducated as well as there were no roads or means of transport. Nowadays people
understood the significance of education and standards of living as foreigners settled
in these countries. Consequently, locals went to schools established by the settlers
and got employment in their companies and industries. Some of them went abroad
for further studies. They were able to raise the living standard of their families by
using new knowledge. Today, due to globalization, companies established by locals of
some developing states are the major competitors of those from developed states.
Although the fight against poverty is not over, there is a great improvement.
EDUCATION - Globalization has enabled further studies. Most developed countries
have advanced schools and colleges. They encourage people from overseas to study
there. While it is just a business venture like any other, students from developing
countries take it as an advantage to get further education and skills to use in their
careers. The investors from developed countries settle abroad with their families,
what’s more, they want to have good schools for their children. As a result, they
donate to local schools, advance the curriculum and hire qualified teachers. Following
this way, most developing countries have very advanced high schools and
universities. There is no need to move to developed states to seek education because
it is readily available in these countries. Enhanced education is a positive impact of
globalization in developing countries. The governments of most developing nations
provide free training to encourage parents to school their children. Education is
compulsory in most developing countries due to globalization because, without it,
investors and traders would have a hard time hiring locals.
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AVAILABILITY OF EMPLOYMENT - Most developed countries have lots of educated

jobless people. Globalization gives them job opportunities in other countries. Their
primary advantage over the residents of the developed countries is the fact that they
offer cheap services. They are also open to learning as they consider themselves
lucky to have a new life.

TECHNOLOGY - Globalization has helped to transport technology to developing

countries. Some investors and foreigners who have got a bargain with the people
from developing countries needed to communicate with them and exchange ideas as
well as information. The fastest way to do it was through using of modern technology.
It has greatly helped people from developing countries. Most of them can buy and sell
goods online at a low price. They work remotely with companies in developed
countries. Interaction with people through social media, the Internet and other
platforms have opened new horizons on how to improve standards of living. Media
coverage has attracted lots of volunteers from developed countries. Consequently,
most people can satisfy their basic needs such as food, clothing or medicines.

FOREIGN INVESTMENTS - Globalization brought in the need for people from

developed states to invest in some developing countries. Foreign investment is one of
the results of globalization that culminates in many developments in these countries.
For instance, some investors want raw materials and goods to be transferred faster to
the industry and the market respectively. The only way to do this is to help each
government in the building of efficient infrastructure. The local people get jobs from
these industries and companies established in their country. Investors boost the
country’s economy by paying taxes to the government. They help to improve
institutions such as schools and hospital through the government agencies which
benefits the locals and their family members.

NEGATIVE EFFECTS-Although the developing countries have had many benefits

from globalization, there are a few negative impacts it has caused in the developing
countries.
TERRORISM - Not a year ends without incidences of terrorism in my community,
something that has affected its welfare and unity that existed before globalization.
According to recent studies, there were nine thousand terrorist attacks performed
worldwide in 2017. This statistic sounds really frighteningly. Unfortunately, my
hometown is not an exception. Last year, our big city mall was burning. The police
argued that fire was caused by arson.

UNEMPLOYMENT - In almost all developing countries over half of the working

population relied on casual jobs in industries until globalization took root. The
advancement of technology has reduced such employment and increased global need
for skilled professionals. Majority of people in developing countries don’t have skills,
while the available jobs are poorly paid due to high demand caused by globalization.
Most of the people are left unemployed and unable to meet their basic needs resulting
in increased criminal activities such as burglary, pickpocketing, murder and drug
 St. Vincent de Ferrer College of Camarin, Inc.
SVFC Compound,
San Vicente Ferrer St., Area D, Brgy. 178, Camarin, Caloocan City
Telephone Number: 8-638-7560; Email address: svfc@svfc.com.ph
Website: svfc.com.ph

abuse. The rate of unemployment and poverty keeps growing as the gap between the
rich and the poor widens.

PRICE INSTABILITY - Price instability is a significant effect of globalization on

business. Some people establish industries overseas where they get cheap raw
materials and labor. They can cut production costs and sell their goods at a low price.
Due to competition, some high-quality products differ in prices. No matter how the
World Trade Organization has tried to control price fluctuation, their efforts are not
successful. These companies reach out to consumers using modern technology.
Successful businesses are for those who can find a competitive advantage and
especially make high-quality products for a low price.

JOB INSECURITY - Before globalization, skilled people got employment in

government sectors and companies where they received high salaries. Job
opportunities were waiting for those who completed colleges and earned a degree.
People would resign a job and quickly get another. Due to globalization, there are
many people seeking employment all over the world. Employers take advantage of
cheap labor. One can get a dismissal because of a slight mistake as the employer can
find a skilled worker who is ready to be paid less.

ABANDONMENT OF CULTURE - Every community, society, or nation has its values

and beliefs, that is to say – own culture. They are essential because they mold the
acceptable behavior of the people in a particular community. The elders or leaders
ensure that the people behave in a morally upright way. However, globalization mixed
different cultures. Then people reconsidered their authentic rules and customs
regarding their culture as primitive. Some nations from developing countries adopt
the western culture and abandon there’s own. The community leaders can no longer
pursue their own domestic policy punishing citizens for crimes them as they did
before because they are regarded as backward and primitive by international society.
They adopt the culture which is quite strange and distant from their nature, due to
such policy, people conduct themselves regardless of actual laws. As a result, there is
an increased crime as acts such as rape, divorce, and domestic violence get on the
rise.

CURRENCY FLUCTUATION - International trade buys and sells products using the
US dollar. The price of dollar fluctuates day-to-day in developing countries, this
results in imbalanced economy and unnormal prices for goods and services. National
currencies are affected the most by IGOs.

DISPLACEMENTS OF WORKERS - Thanks to globalization, there are employment

opportunities all over our huge world. However, most people have had to leave their
families for many years as they work abroad. As a result, couples have divorced,
remarried and left destitute children at the mercy of volunteers and shelters. Some
children haven’t been able to meet their old-aged parents’ needs because the money
they earn from their job is not enough. Lots of seniors die due to sicknesses and lack
of financial and emotional support from their children.
 St. Vincent de Ferrer College of Camarin, Inc.
SVFC Compound,
San Vicente Ferrer St., Area D, Brgy. 178, Camarin, Caloocan City
Telephone Number: 8-638-7560; Email address: svfc@svfc.com.ph
Website: svfc.com.ph

EXPLANATION OF INTERNATIONALISM AND GLOBALISM

Nationalism-It is a political principle that promotes greater political or economic
cooperation between states and nations. It is linked to other political movements and
ideologies, but it can also represent a doctrine, belief system, or movement in its own
right.
Globalism-is the conviction that people, goods, and information should be able to
freely cross national borders. It is the mentality that prioritizes the needs of the entire
world over the interests of particular countries.