Class Code: Date of Submission Name of Professor

3191 Louella Rivera

Name of Student Course and Year Rating

YASSAN, JACOB L. BSCE- 4

Title: Climate change information on internet by different Baltic Sea Region languages: Risks of
disinformation & misinterpretation

Background of the Problem/Question

(2 paragraphs only)

It is impossible to avoid junk sites that we search or results from Google search engine. Some of the
information we can get are fake and misinterpreted. Also, some search engines allow manipulating by
individuals. So, some source of information from google are not relevant and fake news.

The perception of the climate change information from different groups are not the same. Wikipedia are most
usual and often top presenters about climate change. Since this Google search engine allows individual or
user to edit the content, it results to disinformation and misinterpreted about the particular topics.

Research Problem (Gap)/Question

(1 sentence only)

 Some of the information we can get from the internet about environmental issues such as climate
change are fake or disinformation about it.

Research Objectives
(2-3 objectives only)

 The aim of this research is identify possible sources of climate change misinformation and
disinformation in the internet by BSR languages. The internet space could include direct (fake news,
governmental denial, skepticism sites) websites and indirect (old information, junk sites,
advertisements, etc.) forms of misinformation about climate change.

Significance of the Proposed Solution

(1-2 sentences only)

 Based from their conclusion, environmental topics such as climate change should be more protected
in any Google search engines. It is very important to avoid disinformation and misinterpreting
especially environmental issues.

Summary of Methodology
(1-2 paragraphs only)

The same analysis methodology already has been used in this paper. Four phrases related to climate
change topic – Climate change, Global warming, Adaptation to climate change, Climate change policy
picked as the most representative ones to fulfil the picture of information in the internet.

Analysis based on the case study of January 18, 2018 Google search engine results. The analysis focused
on four contextual parameters for 4 different phrase in top10 search sites:
 Information updating – the percentage of sites representing novelty of information deviated into 3
categories from 2016 and up to date, from 2013 to 2015, 2012 and older.
 Politics – the percentage of governmental (different levels of governance) sites.
 Media – the percentage of mass (target) media sites.
 Science – the percentage of sites that include scientifically based research information.

References
List all the references mentioned in the in-text citation. Follow APA format.
 Kazys, J. (June 2018). Climate change information on internet by different Baltic Sea Region languages:
Risks of disinformation & misinterpretation. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues 7(4):685-695.
DOI:10.9770/jssi.2018.7.4(6)

Title: Consequences of Climate Change Impacts and Implications on Ecosystem and Biodiversity; Impacts
of Developmental Projects and Mitigation Strategy in Nepal

Background of the Problem/Question

(2 paragraphs only)

Climate change impacts and implications towards ecosystems and biodiversity, water resources, food
production, and infrastructures can be mitigated through adapting, reducing or avoiding adverse impacts and
maximizing positive consequences. It can have numerous effects on the world’s natural ecosystems and
their functions.

The overwhelming global effects of climate change and its implications subtle changes in the earth’s orbit
belongs long term and immediate impacts. The warmer temperature due to climate change increases
frequency of ground level ozone, lethal air pollutants, and smog components. Both the immediate impacts of
climate change regards extreme weather, heat waves, storms, and flooding, forest fire, compromised safety,
economic challenges and long-term effects likewise on human health, ecosystem, threats on water and food
resources, altitudinal and tree line shifting are the consequences of climatic change issues today. The
pragmatic climate change effects sensed on environment globally comprises shrinking glaciers, shifted
plants and animals ranges and sooner tree flowering, loss of sea ice, enhanced sea level rise, penetrating
heat waves affecting our dependency upon water, energy, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, agriculture,
and human health..

Research Problem (Gap)/Question

(1 sentence only)

 Assessment of the influence of climate change in Biodiversity and ecosystem, including the impacts
development projects

Research Objectives
(2-3 objectives only)

 To identify consequences of climate change, impacts, and implications, data collected from different
sources, reviewed, assessed and analyzed, discussing dimensional impacts and mitigation strategies
adopted.
 To provide an effective implementation of regulatory framework and strategy to protect biological
resources.

Summary of Methodology
(1-2 paragraphs only)

Relevant literatures reviewed, summarized current estimates of the impacts of climate change as per IPCC
and The World Bank data, and explained how those estimates assembled in order to identify the main
sources of uncertainty and approximately affecting them. In addition, discussed scenarios of development
actions and impacts, uncertainty influences and mitigation measures adopted through legal instruments and
policymaker’s decisions. The reviewed national and international policies, plan, strategies, Act and
regulations were incorporated with the relevancy and implications in ecosystem and biodiversity and other
thematic areas. AcrGIS_10.4.1 was used to delineate land use pattern and forest cover together with
identification of Physio geographic zones of Nepal with reference of GoN/MoFSC, 2018 [25] and national
scale forest resource assessment carried out over the period of 2010–2014 [26]. In the decision making
process, EIA legislation and its process subjected to an environmental assessment during preparation, and
before adoption. Similarly, integration of EbA approach into policies and plans for facilitating EbA technology,
synthesis and packaging of information and planning tools was carried out to found alternative scenario for
climate change adaption with resilience ecosystem. Impacts and implication of developmental projects, legal
provisions to conduct environmental assessments and mitigation strategy were identified through review
pertinent documents and study of infrastructure projects such as hydropower, roads and other sectoral
projects.
References
List all the references mentioned in the in-text citation. Follow APA format.

Bhatt, R.P. (May 2021). Consequences of Climate Change Impacts and Implications on Ecosystem and
Biodiversity; Impacts of Developmental Projects and Mitigation Strategy in Nepal. Climate Change in Asia
and Africa. Retrieved from DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.96455

Title: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Eastern US Crop Production

Background of the Problem/Question

(2 paragraphs only)

Climate change is already negatively affecting global crop production and is expected to continue doing
so unless adaptive measures are taken. After reviewing many studies coverings, a large number of crops
and regions, the IPCC concluded that the negative effects of climate change on yields have been more
common than the positive ones, the latter occurring mainly in high-latitude regions. without adaptation, local
temperature increases of 2°C or more will likely cause decreases in the yields of major crops in tropical and
temperate regions.
Climate change is unavoidable due to the log between greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.
Even if emissions were to currently cease, the Earth’s land surfaces would continue to warm for decades
and its oceans for centuries due to past emissions.

Research Problem (Gap)/Question

(1 sentence only)

 Identify practices that can serve as effective adaptation in crop production in the Eastern US using
both social science and modeling approaches.

Research Objectives
(2-3 objectives only)

 Identify the main weather- related conditions affecting crop production.

 Identify crop management practices that producers are using a climate change adaptation.

Significance of the Proposed Solution

(1-2 sentences only)

 The simulated effects of climate change on yields in rainfed corn-soy bean rotation systems in the
Eastern US varied depending on the climate model used, ranging from decreases to increases.

Summary of Methodology
(1-2 paragraphs only)

We conducted surveys and interviews to identify crop management practices currently used as adaptations
in the Mid-Atlantic US. The results pointed to a variety of water and soil management practices, changes in
crop characteristics, and changes in planting dates. In the second study, we used the Agricultural
Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model to evaluate future climate change impacts and adaptations in
Eastern US corn-soybean rotation systems.

References
List all the references mentioned in the in-text citation. Follow APA format.

Natalia, S.L., (2017). Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Eastern US Crop Production. Retrieved from
https://doi.org/10.13016/M2154DP7H

Title: Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in the Philippines - a case study within the Leyte region

Background of the Problem/Question

(2 paragraphs only)
 In light of the most recent devastating natural disaster event of the Philippines brought upon by
Typhoon Haiyan (locally known as Yolanda) on November 8, 2013 that displaced and affected millions in its
wake, this thesis attempts to look into the country’s status of preparedness and response to climate-related
disasters. The Philippines’ unique geographic location and complex climate make it prone to natural
hazards, which are predicted to be intensified and impacted by climate change. It is these intensified events
that exacerbates the country’s social, economic, and environmental challenges and makes it extremely
difficult for adaptation, recovery, and redevelopment efforts for the country. The thesis is set within the
emerging and evolving field of climate change adaptation, and seeks to explore the country’s strategies
currently in place, with a focus on the Leyte region of the Philippines as a local case of exploration.

The study is within the subject of climate change in a developing country, which otherstudies in academia
have touched upon, as this topic spans an array of relevant locations. However, this research project is set
within emerging and evolving contextual issues that make it relevant and reasonable to conduct. The degree
to which information can be investigated and explored, with opportunities to seek input from those within or
involved with the local communities, as mentioned above, leads to framing the different contextual
issues in order to understand how these local communities are affected and what is being done in relation to
climate change adaptation strategies.

Research Problem (Gap)/Question

(1 sentence only)

 To understand and describe the current status of climate change adaptation strategies in the
Philippines.

Research Objectives
(2-3 objectives only)

 This study aims to understand and describe the current status of climate change adaptation
strategies in the Philippines.
 Identify how the relevant institutions and associated actors understand and intend to works toward
developing adaptation strategies for implementation.

Significance of the Proposed Solution

(1-2 sentences only)

The discussion will focus on identifying and analyzing climate-related adaptation strategies versus other
strategies in the Philippines, using Leyte to draw local examples from, how strategies are perceived by
different actors and institutions and how they are working toward implementing this, and the challenges
found in adopting, implementing, communicating, and understanding them.

Summary of Methodology
(1-2 paragraphs only)

This chapter presents an overview of the chosen research methods and approach to the study. This chapter
describes and explains the rationale for selecting a qualitative approach established within an exploratory
research design. Also explained is the rationale for selecting a case study method to obtain research data,
which is also complemented by a literature review and interviews as additional methods to obtaining
information. Collectively, these methods are argued to be the most effective and efficient ways of gathering
data to be used for exploring and understanding the research questions. Finally, a brief overview of the
ethical approach and considerations made to ensure quality in the research process is also given.

References
List all the references mentioned in the in-text citation. Follow APA format.

Zalameda, V.L.,(2015). Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in the Philippines - a case study within the
Leyte region. Retrieved from http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A820720&dswid=-3447

Title: The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on

Educational Improvement
Background of the Problem/Question
(2 paragraphs only)

Information and communication technology has become an inseparable part of human life and caused doing
things more through the consumption of less time and cost. Today, students are born in audio, video and
motional world. Therefore, teachers’ attempts for their training by exploiting from educational media and
methods during past period will be useless or will not be followed by a significant result. Therefore, it is
necessary for the teachers both know well about new educational media and technology and also contact
with it by a positive attitude. Regarding the importance of educational improvement in teaching and training
process and the necessity of quality enhancement in teaching and much better exploiting from ICT
phenomenon, making some facilities to implement these innovations in teaching and learning process is very
vital. Therefore, the study of phenomena effects of application information and communication technologies
in different fields is important. Scientists generally and students specifically are of main consumers of these
technologies. Internet devotes an important part of educational and leisure time activities of students to itself
and there is this possibility that exploiting from this phenomenon may have effect on their educational
improvement.

It is undeniable that the unilateral form material-based systems are being destroyed and educational
methods have been established based on exploiting from bilateral values of learning according to new
communicative systems and video-audio framework. Ineffectiveness of traditional methods of teaching in the
present age is an accepted issue and the application of information and computer technologies in order for
quantitative and qualitative improvement of teaching process is inevitable.

Research Problem (Gap)/Question

(1 sentence only)

 The effect of information and communication technology on the educational improvement on the
student.

Research Objectives
(2-3 objectives only)
 The study aims to study the impacts of using of information and communication technology on the
educational improvement of third grade high school student.
 The objective of this paper is to provide the difference between the effect of information and
communication technology on the educational improvement.

Significance of the Proposed Solution

(1-2 sentences only)
Using of Information and Communication Technology has effective to a high extent on increase in
educational motivation, enhancement of question-making skill, enforcement of research spirit, increase
curricular scores and in total on educational improvement of the student.

Summary of Methodology
(1-2 paragraphs only)

Random multistep method was employed for sampling among male and female students in proportion with
the community size. A researcher-made 24-quenstion questionnaire with a grading scale of Likret type was
used for data collection whose validity and reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s α . The method of
measurement type was used for data analysis; frequency distribution table, frequency percentage and
diagram drafting were used descriptive statistics section, The Khi (chi-square), U Mann –Whitney and
Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were used in inferential statistics section with regard to the measurement
scale. SPSS was used to analyze data.

References
List all the references mentioned in the in-text citation. Follow APA format.

Ghaznavi, M.R., Keikha, A., Yaghoubi, N.M., (May 2011). The Impact of Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) on Educational Improvement. International Education Studies 4 (2).
DOI:10.5539/ies.v4n2p116