Republic of the Philippines

PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Puerto Princesa City

HEATING VENTILATING AIR-CONDITIONING MEE-3

LESSON – 3 PSYCHROMETRY OF AIR CONDITIONING PROCESSES

COURSE OUTCOMES
1.) Define and explain the eight basic air conditioning processes;
2.) Discuss the psychrometric processes of heating, mixing, cooling, humidification and dehumification;
3.) Draw the schematic and psychrometric diagrams of each process;

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4.) Define and differentiate “contact factor’ and ‘by pass factor’ of cooler coil, air washer, and heater coil;

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5.) Determine and calculate the capacity of air washer, cooling coil, and heater battery using psychrometer chart and

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formulas;

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6.) Plot and illustrate each process in the psychrometer chart; and

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7.) Solve the problems related.

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OVERVIEW

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This lesson deals with the basic air conditioning processes such as sensible heating, sensible cooling,

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humidifying, dehumidifying, heating and humidifying, cooling and dehumidifying, cooling and humidifying, heating

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and dehumidifying or chemical dehumidifying, and the air mixing processes. R
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BASIC AIR CONDITIONING PROCESS

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The basic process in air conditioning are at practically constant pressure and can be illustrated by lines on a
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psychrometer chart.
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As shown in figure 3.1 below, the basic air conditioning processes are sensible cooling; sensible heating; humidifying;
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dehumidifying; heating and humidifying; cooling and dehumidifying; cooling and humidifying and heating and
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dehumidifying or chemical dehumidifying.

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FIGURE 3.1 Psychrometric Diagram of Air Conditioning Processes 
0 to 1: Sensible Heating 0 to 5: Heating and Humidifying
0 to 2: Sensible Cooling 0 to 6: Cooling and Dehumidifying
0 to 3: Humidifying 0 to 7: Cooling and Humidifying
0 to 4: Dehumidifying 0 to 8: Heating and Dehumidifying or chemical Dehumidifying

 
                             Prepared by: Engr. Nickie Caabay 
Page 1 of 4 
                                                      Mechanical Engineer 
 
 Republic of the Philippines
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Puerto Princesa City

HEATING VENTILATING AIR-CONDITIONING MEE-3

Air Conditioning Process

1.) Sensible Heating is an air conditioning process that involves heating without changing the moisture content
(humidity ratio) of air. The process is represented by horizontal line in the psychrometric chart, from left to the
right.
Application: Air in a duct passing through or over a heater, like a heater coil

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FIGURE 3.2 Schematic Diagram, Sensible Heating 
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FIGURE 3.3 Psychrometric Diagram, Sensible Heating 
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Heater Capacity
𝐪 𝐦 𝐡𝟐 𝐡𝟏

Where : 𝑞 the capacity of the heater, kW

m= = mass flow rate of dry air,

Q = volume flow rate of air entering the heater,

v = specific volume of the air entering,

h enthalpy of air entering the heater,

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h enthalpy of air leaving the heater,

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                             Prepared by: Engr. Nickie Caabay 
Page 2 of 4 
                                                      Mechanical Engineer 
 
 Republic of the Philippines
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Puerto Princesa City

HEATING VENTILATING AIR-CONDITIONING MEE-3

2.) Sensible Cooling is a process that involves cooling without changing the humidity ratio of the air. The process is
represented by a horizontal line in the psychrometric chart, from right to left. The final temperature cannot be
below the initial dew point temperature.

Application: Air in a duct passing through a cooling coil or air washer. The surface temperature of a
cooling coil is above the dew-point temperature of the air.

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FIGURE 3.4 Schematic Diagram, Sensible Cooling

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FIGURE 3.5 Psychrometric Diagram, Sensible Cooling 
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Heater Capacity
𝐪 𝐦 𝐡𝟐 𝐡𝟏

Where : 𝑞 the capacity of the heater, kW or TR TR = Tons of Refrigerant

m= = mass flow rate of dry air,

Q = volume flow rate of air entering the heater,

v = specific volume of the air entering,

h enthalpy of air entering the heater,

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h enthalpy of air leaving the heater,

. .

 
                             Prepared by: Engr. Nickie Caabay 
Page 3 of 4 
                                                      Mechanical Engineer 
 
 Republic of the Philippines
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
Puerto Princesa City

HEATING VENTILATING AIR-CONDITIONING MEE-3

3.) Humidifying Process is a process of increasing the humidity ratio without changing the dry-bulb temperature of
the air. The process is represented in the psychrometric chart by a vertical line upward

Application: Air in a duct passing through the spray of water.

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                             Prepared by: Engr. Nickie Caabay 
Page 4 of 4 
                                                      Mechanical Engineer