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Axle Load
Vehicles Type Axle Traffic
(ton) (kip)
Single 2.5 5 100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Light vehicle less than 5 t
Single 2.5 5 100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Single 4 8 100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Truck Loading HS-20-44 36 t Tandem 16 32 100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Tandem 16 32 100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Single 10 20 10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Single 10 20 10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Truck mounted crane HC-218-J 80 t
Tandem 30 60 10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
Tandem 30 60 10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes
a
Factor = ((1+g) - 1)/g
where g = rate/100 and is ≠ 0, the growth factor is equal to the analysis period
Traffic Design
Vehicles Type LEF
current Annual ESAL
100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 142935 0.005 755.980
Light vehicle less than 5 t
100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 142935 0.005 755.980
100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 142935 0.034 4912.591
Truck Loading HS-20-44 36 t 100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 142935 1.357 193901.867
100 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 142935 1.357 193901.867
10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 14293.5 1.516 21668.565
10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 14293.5 1.516 21668.565
Truck mounted crane HC-218-J 80 t
10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 14293.5 13.748 196504.174
10 vehicles/day/week/2 lanes 14293.5 13.748 196504.174
830573.761
W18
0.831 million
Since total W18 ESAL is lower than 1,000,000 then road could be categorized as low-volume. To achieve economical criteria then jointed type
is chosen rather than continuous type. For jointed concrete pavement, JRCP type used due to it's advantage of fewer joints than JPCP type.
Assumed backfiling material are clayey gravel or clayey sandy gravel type.
AASHTO
1993. Table
4.1
2.4 SUBBASE
AASHTO
1993. Clause
1.6.2
since Total ESAL is 830,573.76 < 1,000,000.00 and the average CBR is higher than 10%
Since additional subbase doesn't need to refer to Code, then subbase layer will be provided with condition of CBR 20% below the
Concrete pavement to achieve design strength requirement
AASHTO
1993. Table
2.6
AASHTO Load transfer for jointed reinforced concrete pavement JRCP with dowel bars as transfer joint and without tied
1993. Clause concrete shoulder is J = 3.2 as per recommended by AASHTO clause 2.4.2
AASHTO
1993. Table
2.5
Drainage coefficient taken Cd = 1.00 for design at Good quality of drainage, with assumed moisture levels
approching saturation 25% for design purpose.
ΔPSI = Po - Pt = 1.5
AASHTO
1993. Figure
3.7
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
There are three variables to determine reinforcement of JRCP type of Rigid Pavement
2.13.1 Slab Length
slab length designed, L 6m = 19.686 ft
2.13.2 Steel working stress
allowable stell working stress for wire fabric based on material testing
fy = 6072.9 kg/cm2
Allowable steel working stress taken 0.75 fy based on AASHTO clause 2.5.1
fya = 4554.675 kg/cm2 = 64.781 ksi
2.13.3 Friction factor
Based on AASHTO Table 2.8
Rigid pavement designed without subbase so friction factor taken from condition frictional resistance between bottom of slab and natural subgrade
friction factor for natural subgrade is 0.9
AASHTO
1993. Figure
3.8
2
Provide single layer wiremesh A193 with area = 314.159 mm Higher than minimum area, OK
REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT
2.14 JOINT CONNECTION DETAIL
Joint opening
AASHTO
clause 2.5.2
S= 25 %
αc = 0.0000065
tensile strength = 4(fc^0.5) = 261.2861 Z= 0.0008
L= 1000 mm = 39.37 in
DTd = 104 F -77 F = 27 F
C= 0.65
ΔL = 0.100 in = 2.536 mm
To satisfy joint opening between two panels, the width of joint is about 2xΔL = 5.07 mm
use joint opening = 10 mm
Dowels
AASHTO
clause 2.4.2 minimum diameter of Dowel is D/8 Db = 32 mm
with dowel spacing maximum 12in spacing = 304.8 mm
and length minimum 18in length = 457.2 mm
3 3
unit weight of concrete yc = 2500 kg/m 2.452E-05 N/mm
D = 250 mm
L' = 3000 mm
fa = 0.9
fs = 266.7 Mpa
2
As min = 62.060 mm /m
2
As used Db = 12 mm As used = 113.0973 mm
n permeter = 1
spacing = 1000 mm
length = 800 mm
TRANSVERSE JOINT
Db 32@300, length 460mm
W = 3m
LONGITUDINAL JOINT
W = 3m
Db 12@1000, length 800mm