THE POLITICAL

SELF
BY : GROUP 4
 Objectives
▫ To describe the nature, functions and origin of the political
self
▫ Discuss the role of the family, school, church in the
development of the political self;
▫ Determine the importance of the Social Interaction in
developing of Political Self –Identify
▫ Describe the perspectives in the development of Political
Self

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 Guided / Frequently Ask Question
▫ Why is it easy for some people to convince others
to follow them?
▫ Why is it easy for some people to get convinced?
▫ Would a person’s traits and values impact his
political self?

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 POLITICAL SELF
The political community where people belong offers an opportunity for
them to define themselves and provide opportunities to satisfy their needs
of affiliation.
• Refers to a representation of oneself about him/herself
• Political position based on the interest and perspective of one social
organizations"
• The Political Self is that the conceptually discrete categories of ‘inner’
and ‘outer’ in reality constantly interact, shape, and inform each other.
 POLITICAL SELF AND IDENTITY
▫ Political Self helps in defining the structure and functions
of the government, in telling and understanding the
relationship between the state and the citizens, and in
describing their rights, freedom and obligation as citizens.

▫ Citizenship becomes a salient basis for Political Self.

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 Aristotle
“Man in nature is a
political animal”

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 Ma. Serena Diokno (1997)
▫ Political self and identity are developed
through socialization, through the ways of
people learn the knowledge, norms, values,
motives, and roles appropriate to their
positions in a group or community.

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 POLITICAL SELF THEORIES
•"Social Learning Theory” (Albert Bandura)

•"Cognitive Theory”

•"Theory of Symbolic Interaction”

•"Theory of Political Participation”

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 LEADERSHIP AND ITS THEORIES
Leadership is the process by which certain group
members motivate and guide the group.
•Psychological Needs
David McClelland believed that we have three
psychological needs.
•Need for Power
•Need for Affiliation
•Need for Achievement
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 2 Types of Motives of Social
Influence
1. Normative Influence – based on conforming to positive
expectation of others; helps avoid punishment
2. Informational Influence – based on accepting the
information obtained from others as evidence of reality.

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 3 Leadership
Motivational Patterns
1. Affective Identity motivation – motivation to lead as a
result of desire to be in charge and lead others.
2. Non calculative motivation – seek leadership positions
because they will result in personal gain.
3. Social-normative motivation – desire to lead out of a
sense of duty or responsibility.
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 Types of Leaders According to Path
Goal-Theory
1. Instrumental – leaders who plan and organizes for their
subordinate.
2. Supportive – leaders who show concern to their subordinate.
3. Participative – leaders who allow subordinates to participate in
decision making.
4. Achievement – leaders who sets challenges and rewards
achievement.
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 ORIGINS OF
POLITICAL
SELF

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Family
The family has a hierarchical
structure Through hierarchy of
positions, status and power.
Example: Father acts as a
leader and establishes rules to
maintain order in the family

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School
The school's responsibility is to teach
moral, spiritual, and political values that
will help the students to become patriotic
and morally upright citizen
Example: UTS subject, GMRC, ROTC The
school is similar to family, where the
teacher acts as the leader in classroom that
sets the rules and regulation to maintain
order in class.

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Church
Helps the shape ideals of citizenship
and democracy through the religious
teachings, values and tradition

Example: Attend regular masses and

listen to the Gospel readings.

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Peers
Interaction with the peers encompasses
and emphasizes the equal distribution of
power, rights, and privileges among
members of the group

Example: Knows the importance of

equality, rights and right conducts to
interact to other people

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 Mass Media
▫ Key to the source of information on
politics Family, School, Church, Peers
and moral behaviours' that influence
political behaviour and political self.

▫ Example: News that influences

knowledge about surroundings and
influences on beliefs.

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Democracy
Democracy is a Greek word which
means “demos” means “for people’s
rule”. A government in which the
supreme is vested in and exercised by
the people directly or indirectly
through a system of presentation,
usually involving periodical held free
elections.

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 TWO TYPES OF DEMOCRACY
1. Direct
- Citizens of a country
must have participation.
Before making a law, citizens
are the ones who approve or
disapproves, through Voting.
Example: (Switzerland)
▫  
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2. Indirect
- Vote representatives in
the Government who will
become the voice, and leaders
of a country.
Example: Republic, Federal
Republic. (Philippines)
DEVELOPING A FILIPINO IDENTITY
The level of individual, community and institution are primary factors that come into
playing the building an identity. At the same time, it is essential to consider the
following concerns in building an identity:

1. Instrumental - An individual act in accordance with rules and identities consistent with
supportive of democratic processes.
2. Morals - Values and beliefs embody and reinforce democratic principles.
3. Transformative - Includes process of self-reflection and redefinition of individuals,
institutions and communities.

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 FILIPINO CULTURE
▫ The Filipino culture is mix of both eastern and western culture. The beliefs and traditions
of pre-colonial Philippines were mainly Malay heritage. The island’s precolonial period,
during which indigenous people engaged in healthy trade with various cultures and
economies in the region gave way to a long colonial period.

▫ First, under Spain for over 300 years. Spain was the first major country to colonize the
Philippines from 1565-1898. This was the longest the Philippines have been governed by
a single country. Therefore, they have the most impact on the Filipino culture. The
biggest influence still seen to this day is religion.

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•Then the United States of America took over the Philippines. They
wanted to improve the literacy and economy of the country. As a result,
literacy doubled to about half by the 1930’s and a fourth of the educated
population. This was a massive influence for the Filipino culture, as
English became the dominant language alongside the official Filipino
language Tagalog.

•Although, Japan invaded the Philippines and took control. There isn’t
nearly as much cultural influence that the Japanese occupation had on the
Philippines as Spain or the United States had.

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 THANKS FOR
PARTICIPATING!
Any questions?
Please do ask !!

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