Advantages and Disadvantages of

Globalization
Christian Jelo R. Artoza – 2019-01811
September 20, 2022

Globalization is known as the integration of diverse societies, cultures, and regional economies
through a global network of political ideologies through trade, communication, and
transportation. Globalization has generally had an impact on numerous countries in a variety of
ways, including economically, politically, and socially. It is a term used to describe how quickly
different countries are integrating and becoming more interdependent, which has an impact on
international events at a global level. Consumption of goods, the environment, culture, security,
and the interchange of ideas among nations have all been impacted by globalization. The
quickening tendencies in globalization are caused by a variety of variables. An increase in free-
trade activities, the emergence of new technologies, or the widespread acceptance of markets can
be used to explain this acceleration of globalization.

Advantages of Globalization
Countries all across the world may have easier access to goods as a result of globalization.
Additionally, it offers some financial advantages that help those who would not otherwise have
enough opportunities where they live.
Broadening access to goods and services. The idea that globalization makes more goods and
services accessible to more people, frequently at cheaper rates, is difficult to contest.
Globalization works in your favor to some extent if you have extra cash to spend and purchase a
product made overseas. The ability to sell their products and services to a larger market is
advantageous to business owners as well.
Reducing poverty. A somewhat controversial argument on the advantage of globalization is that
globalization has helped people in developing countries escape poverty. This is because opinions
on the number and caliber of jobs that globalization have generated vary. However, the
conventional opinion holds that globalization has improved job prospects in developing nations,
which are capital-poor but labor-rich.
Increasing cultural awareness. Defenders of globalization claim that it has improved
intercultural communication and sharing. People are exposed to the culture, attitudes, and values
of people in other nations more frequently in a globalized society. That exposure can boost
international relations, encourage creativity, and lessen xenophobia.
Improving politics all over the world. In 2021, populism and elitism may be on the increase
globally, but processes of globalization still encourage more cooperation than isolation.
Economic growth is less effective when economies are isolated from one another than when they
work together. That is to say, since there is no other way to maintain the level of living, there
will always be some import-export opportunities.
Increasing people power. Before we had technologies like the Internet to enable access to e-
commerce platforms, governments sought to consolidate power into a small group of people or a
single person since it was the best way to negotiate on a nation-to-nation basis. That was ideal if
safeguards had been put in place for the general public, but it also had negative effects on many
other groups, especially those of Jewish ancestry. If we adopt a more expansive attitude of
collaboration and open communication, there will be less needed to establish dominating powers.
To ensure that power remains in the hands of the people and mitigate the issues that arise when
one person has complete authority, we may implement checks and balances systems.
Reduces unfair currency practices. Limiting the influence of currency manipulation in the
import-export market was one of the goals for the foundation of the Eurozone in order to further
the development of the European Union and create a cooperative market. Working together
results in mutually beneficial outcomes because all governments may profit from economies of
scale, as opposed to competing for the lowest pricing and occasionally even devaluing the
economy to gain a better contract.
Faster spread of information and technology. In a worldwide society, other things also spread
more quickly than just art and culture. The same holds true for technology and information.
Consider the development of mobile banking in Kenya or the use of microlending as examples.
Civil society organizations can draw inspiration from other nations, and good ideas can spread
more quickly.
Advancements in health. The benefits of globalization can be shown in health improvements.
The spread of communicable illnesses can be stopped with great success because to the expanded
international collaboration. On the other side, developing countries benefit in terms of health
issues by harmonizing food and drug standards and laws. There has been concern raised in some
talks on the health effects of globalization that the growing emigration of individuals from
developing countries to wealthy countries will complicate healthcare systems.
Improvements to the accessibility of education. Education has proliferated greatly on all
levels. The effects of easily accessible schools are a result of the globalization trend. The various
dynamics influencing globalization have had a significant impact on how educators operate.
Additionally, it has impacted both the formal and informal sectors' experiences. Markets are the
focus of many policies that affect the educational system.
Increasing awareness of environmental challenges. Globalization has an impact on economies
and cultures in regard to issues with resource availability and environmental degradation.
Diverse environmental challenges, including pollution, deforestation, water resources, climate
change, and others, have been impacted by globalization. Due to their widespread effects, the
environmental issues are now the focus of worldwide initiatives. The devastation of the
environment, which is export-oriented, is the main consequence of globalization. The
development of eco-friendly technologies by multinational corporations and a rise in
environmental consciousness, on the other hand, are the positive effects.
Disadvantages of Globalization
Although there are numerous potential advantages to globalization, there are also some
significant disadvantages to consider. It is not a perfect answer because it has a detrimental effect
on some economies and only benefits the biggest firms.
Workers may lose their jobs to nations with cheap labor. The first objection to globalization
is the one that comes up most often when NAFTA and other trade agreements are discussed in
American politics. When the United States competes with less developed nations, its biggest
advantage is its access to capital, while their biggest advantage is their access to inexpensive
labor.
In general, globalization raises capital returns in wealthy nations like the U.S. and lowers labor
returns in those same nations. That's a clever way of expressing that because of globalization,
low-skill jobs in the United States may disappear (though technology plays a big role in this
change, too). As a result, there may be less disparity between nations, but there may be more
inequality inside nations.
Lack of protection to labor, environment, and human rights. Theoretically, globalization
presents a chance to promote ideologies and behaviors like ecology and labor rights across the
globe. That expansion has been slow and unreliable in actual use. For instance, a firm can choose
to adhere to lower standards in a nation where labor is not protected rather than exporting the
labor regulations that it might be required to uphold in the United States.
According to some, globalization has sparked a "race to the bottom" in which businesses actively
seek out nations with the least stringent labor laws, environmental regulations, and pay levels.
Furthermore, there are still many tax havens despite the fact that globalization has expanded the
movement of products, services, and capital, which means that a large portion of the value
produced by globalization is not being captured and dispersed by governments.
Contributes to cultural homogeneity. As people's preferences converge and local products
cannot compete with more affordable multinational ones, globalization may result in a greater
homogenization of cultures. We risk losing priceless cultural traditions and languages if
everyone dresses in jeans, learns English, and watches Hollywood movies. Some critics of
globalization are concerned that it is eradicating other varied cultures while fostering a
mainstream homogeneity.
Empowering multinational corporations. The fact that globalization has given transnational
businesses more influence at the expense of governments and citizens is another complaint
directed at it. This weakens state authority and the capacity of the people to hold their
government accountable for the state of their nations. Another reason why labor and
environmental regulations are more difficult to implement than many globalization skeptics
would want is because of this. Additionally, multinational firms may advocate for advantageous
clauses in trade agreements (this was an argument invoked against the TPP).
Negative effects to the environment. Regrettably, the drawbacks of globalization have
overshadowed the benefits. Natural resources are being misused on a worldwide scale. This is
due to an increase in demand and ecosystem destruction brought on by population growth. The
indigenous forests that once covered the entire planet have been reduced by around half. Year
after year, there is more deforestation. Additionally, overfishing is expanding to be a global
issue. According to a United Nations assessment, commercial fish species have been overfished.
Global warming is another damaging effect of globalization on the environment. This is a result
of high reliance on fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions brought on by fast industrialization
in the developing nations.
Misuse of the diverse sources of energy. The scientific discussion of globalization has focused
on how the ecology of the globe is changing structurally. Environmental deterioration, trade and
support, government, and globalization have all been linked. Energy resources are extensively
used in processes necessary for commerce and industry. Misuse of these resources results in acid
rain, global warming, and air pollution.
Negative effects on health. Globalization has a variety of effects on health. With globalization,
dangerous products have the potential to have catastrophic effects everywhere. Foods, medicines,
and other items that can be harmful to one's health are being traded more freely. Additionally, the
health industry has continued to profit from the usage of email and the internet due to the
effectiveness of cross-border communications. Free resources for health-related information and
expertise make telemedicine and telehealth possible.
Conflicts due to cultural diversity. A variety of globalization-related writings provided
justifications for why cultural diversity might lead to conflict amongst people or social groupings
that are divided along cultural lines. Conflict between cultures is the term for this. A misguided
feeling of nationalism can also lead to racism and hostility toward immigrants because the
process of global integration involves movement and, in some cases, involuntary departure.
Because different cultural groups tend to compete for dominance when they encounter one
another, conflicts between them frequently arise.
Conflicts brought on by an imbalance of power between local populations and more
powerful foreign actors. The globally integrated economy has the potential to trigger
contemporary violent conflicts in addition to eradicating regional cultures and fostering
international crime. Scarcity has been a result of globalization, and conflicts have been linked to
scarcity. The world's cosmopolitan citizens and those excluded by economic and social
integration can clash. Communities or groups that don't gain from global integration may get
resentful, which can then lead to violence.
Competition. In addition to eliminating regional customs and encouraging international crime,
the globally integrated economy has the potential to spark recent violent conflicts. Globalization
has led to scarcity, which has been associated with violence. The cosmopolitan people of the
world and those who are marginalized by economic and social integration may disagree. If a
community or group doesn't benefit from global integration, resentment may develop, which
may subsequently escalate to violence.
It is more important than ever to prioritize pay equality and the environment over the bogus
principles of "free trade" inside a global market as the "race to the bottom" is vitally relevant in
today's rapidly changing world.