Des10 6

Rizal Technological University
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology 87

Department of Architecture
CHAPTER VI
MACRO SITE ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
City is a first class highly urbanized city in Metro Manila. According to the 2015
census, it has a population of 504,509 people. Classified as s highly urbanized city.
Muntinlupa known as the “Emerald City” by the tourism establishment and also known as the
“Gateway to Calabarzon” as it is the southernmost city of the National Capital Region.
The forty six Million seven hundred thousand (46,700,000) square meter total land
area is composed of nine (9) barangays, Brgy. Tunasan, Brgy. Poblacion, Brgy. Putatan,
Brgy. Bayanan, Brgy. Alabang, Brgy. Ayala Alabang, Brgy. Cupang, Brgy. Brgy. Buli and
Brgy. Sucat.
Barangay Poblacion Profile
Figure 6.1. Barangay Poblacion Map

Poblacion is a barangay which highly urbanized in the City Of Muntinlupa in the province
Fourth District in National Capital Region which is part of the Luzon group of islands. Its 9
barangays belongs to the urban areas in the Philippines. Poblacion had 69,600 residents by the
end of 2007. Poblacion represents the center of Highly Urbanized City of Muntinlupa.
Table 6.1. Barangay Poblacion Profile
SOURCE: Based on October 2013 Barangay Election, Poblacion has 52, 909
registered voters spread out in 232 precincts.
The name Poblacion is a Spanish word which means as a populate place. However,
during the early years and up to the present, Barangay Poblacion has been popularly known as
“Muntinlupa or Bayan.”
In 1863 According to some folks of the Barrio, The Civil Government sent an engineer
from their office to the municipality of Muntinlupa to study the place because they were in
search of a barrio that would be fit to be the Center of the Municipality/ town.
From the data submitted by the engineer, it turned out that Muntinlupa and Alabang are
both qualified to be the center of the town. It was in January 25, 1863 when the Engineer
recommended that the Municipal Hall of Muntinlupa be built in Muntinlupa.
In 1869, a study of the place was also made by Dr. Miguel Caminares and on April 5,
1869 he advised that the barrio of Muntinlupa be declared as the center of Muntinlupa and it
was known to be “Poblacion” Barangay Poblacion, situated in District I, is among the nine
Barangays of the City of Muntinlupa.

The others are Tunasan, Putatan, Bayanan (District I) and Alabang, Ayala Alabang,
Cupang, Buli, Sucat (District II). It is bounded in the north by Putatan, in the south by Tunasan,
Laguna de Bay in the east and Cavite area in the west.
It is the host of the country’s National Bilibid Prison (NBP). The NBP alone comprises
84.15% of the land area. As such it is currently considered as institutional zone. Much
speculation has cropped up as to the development of the area.
Most of the areas in Barangay Poblacion are occupied by residential homes and
commercial establishments. A great number of the citizens of Poblacion had made it big in
Politics, as serving as town Mayors in the Municipality.
PARAMETERS OF SITE SELECTION

Figure 6.2. NBP Location
The existing site of New Bilibid Prisons will be used by the proponent as her site for
the Proposed Redevelopment of the New Bilibid Prison. The project site has the total area of
3,724,941.36 square meters or 372.49 hectares with residential land use classification but its
actual use is actual national government (ANG). The classification of the project is under
Group D Institutional, Division 1.
PHYSICAL
STRUCTURE
The City of
Muntinlupa lies within 14º
23’N latitude and 121º
02’E longitude and is
located on the southwestern
coast of Laguna de
Bay. It is bounded in
the North by Taguig City,
in the northwest by
Parañaque City, by Las
Piñas in the west, in the

southwest by the Province of Cavite, in the south by the Province of Laguna and in the east
by Laguna de Bay.
Figure 6.3. Vicinity Map of Muntinlupa City

It is located twenty two (22) kilometres South of Metro Manila, easily accessible to-
and- from the provinces of Laguna, Batangas, Quezon and all points of Metro Manila via the
National Highway and the South Luzon Expressway and its Skyway.
Geographical
Muntinlupa City lies within 14º 23’N latitude and 121º 02’E longitude and is located on
the southwestern coast of Laguna de Bay. It is bounded in the North by Taguig City, in the
northwest by Parañaque City, by Las Piñas in the west, in the southwest by the Province of
Cavite, in the south by the Province of Laguna and in the east by Laguna de Bay.
Table 6.3. Population Density, Land Area, Number of Land Parcels by Barangay
SOURCE: CPDO, 2015
The city based on National Statistics Office (NSO) has a land area of 3,975 hectares,
partaking 6.4% of the total area of NCR, which is 61,954 hectares. It is ranked 7 th largest LGU
in NCR. The city’s land area is smaller than neighbors Taguig City and Parañaque City but
bigger than Las Piñas City.
Muntinlupa City claims a total land area of 4,670 hectares as per the creation of the
map of Presidential Decree (P.D.) 824 dated November 7, 1975 as amended by P.D. 1396
dated June 2, 2976 upon creation of Metro Manila as the National Capital Region of the
Philippines. But a cadastral survey undertaken in 1979 showed that about 701 hectares of
Barangay Sucat was lost to the City of Parañaque (formerly a municipality), which reflected it
in its official cadastral map. The 701 hectares of land area considered prime and is home to
the several first- class subdivisions such as Tahanan Village, United Parañaque Subdivision
and Aviation Homes Subdivision. It is also the site of the famous Loyala Memorial Park.
Table 6.3. Population Density, Land Area, Number of Land Parcels by Barangay
SOURCE:
CPDO, 2015
Figure 6.4. Share Land Area in Percentage
Notwithstanding these issues, the relative land areas of the nine (9) barangays have
been fairly established. Tunasan is the biggest barangay (20.4%) of land area) followed by
Ayala Alabang and Poblacion. The smallest barangay is Buli (1.5%).
Topography
Owing to its general topography, which is somewhat hilly, this tiny poblacion was
referred to by its inhabitants during the Spanish period as “monte de lupa,” a vernacular
phrase meaning “hills” from which, many believed the name of Muntinlupa originated. Just a
few decades ago, this place was at the receiving end of unfair jokes and bad press and has
earned undue notoriety. The mere mention of the word “Muntinlupa” always brought to mind
the chilling image of the New Bilibid Prison which is located within its jurisdiction.
The terrain of Muntinlupa is relatively flat, sloping towards the east along the lake.
While it is gently rolling occupy the western part of the City the elevation increasing up to 72
meters and above the southwest potion.

Figure 6.5. Topographic Map

Slope and Contour
Muntinlupa is generally level to gently sloping terrain. About 45.29% is characterized by
flat to relatively low, with gradients ranging from 0.0- 2.5% offering good opportunities for urban
or agricultural uses. This greatly influences the development of the City, which at present is
rapidly and continually being transformed into a residential- commercial area. This characterizes
the whole of almost half of Sucat, most of Buli, almost half of Cupang, three- fourths (3/4) of
Alabang, Bayanan, portions of Ayala Alabang, Putatan (adjacent to the lake), portions of
Poblacion and Tunasan.
Very gently sloping or undulating with gradients ranging from 2.5%- 5.0% covers 29.96%
of the City’s land area and is found in portions of Sucat, Buli, Cupang, Ayala Alabang, Bayanan,
Putatan, Poblacion and Tunasan. Portions of Sucat, Cupang, Alabang, Ayala Alabang, Putatan,
Poblacion and Tunasan are characterized by gently sloping lands with steeper gradients
ranging from 5.0%- 10.0% comprising about 19.50% of the city’s land area.
Portions of Sucat, Alabang, Putatan, Poblacion and Tunasan are composed of 10.0%-
15.0% sloping lands, covering 4.07% and 1.19% respectively.
Table 6.4 Slope Distribution
SOURCE: CPDO, 2015

Figure 6.6. Slope Map

Figure 6.7. Contour Map

Soil Types
The soils of Muntinlupa belong to two series namely: Guadalupe and Quinga as per the
Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM).
The Quingua series is considered one of the best soils in the Philippines for agriculture;
good for lowland and upland rice, corn, sugarcane, vegetable, plantation, crops, root crops and
coconut with moderate to very high fertility. Its physiography is level to nearly upper terrace/
levees wherein the slum thickness ranges from 100- 150 centimeters and is well drained. The
parent material could be recent alluvium or recent coastal deposits. It has very few to few
patches of clay skin in between ped faces.
This type of soil was first described in Quingua, Bulacan, a settlement that dated back as
early as 1595 during the early years of Spanish colonization. Today, Quingua is known as
Plaridel, Bulacan. This type of soil is most likely a candidate for extinction because of
encroachment of urbanization.
Guadalupe series on the other hand is residential soil of water laid volcanic tuff. The
substratum of Guadalupe series is Diliman Tuff, a massive suite of soft tuffaceous quaternary
volcanic rocks formed from water laid volcanic sediments, part of the Guadalupe formation
which is also referred to as the Guadalupe Tuff.
These soils are generally found on rolling to gently rolling areas of volcanic foot slopes
but they are also found flat area of slightly degraded tuffaceous plains of the residual volcanic
foot slopes. Often times, these Guadalupe series on volcanic plains are extinct, buried by urban
development and industrialization.
The soil was first described in barangay Guadalupe, what is now Makati City, when it
was still a municipality of the province of Rizal. Makati is the financial center of the Philippines
and was founded in 1578 by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi - the first Spanish Governor General in
the Philippines. Guadalupe is named after Guadalupe town in Spain.
The Guadalupe series is composed of various textural types – sand, silt loam, loam clay
loam, silt clay, and clay adobe phase. Clay series is characterized as coarse and granular when
dry but sticky and plastic when wet. Its substratum is solid volcanic tuff. These types of soils are
suited to lowland rice and corn while those in the upland are suited for orchard and pasture.
Guadalupe clay adobes on the other hand are hard and compact and difficult to cultivate that
makes it generally unsuitable for diverse cropping.
The most extensive soil type found in all barangay in Muntinlupa is the Guadalupe. Clay
adobe covering an estimated 3,079 hectares. The next biggest coverage excluding Ayala
Alabang is the Guadalupe Clay with the total of 768 hectares. The Quingua fine sandy loam,
adjacent to the lake is the least and almost diminishing as it is being encroached by the lake. It
is now only at 128 hectares, excluding Ayala Alabang and Poblacion in coverage.
Table 6.5. Soil Types in the City of Muntinlupa
SOURCE: Bureau of Soil and Water Management (BSWM)

Figure 6.8. Soil Map

Hydro- Geologic Features
Groundwater Resources
Groundwater in Muntinlupa is rated good, which is probably one reason why many of the
residents obtain water by deep well before. However, based from the study coordinated by the
Multi- Sectorial Task Force on Land, the hydrologic data showed that the fissuring on certain
areas was caused by ground water extraction. The National Water Regulatory Board (NWRB)
later issued a moratorium to limit ground water extraction for domestic use only. At present,
Mayniland is the main water supplier of the City besides Prime Water which is licensed to
extract ground water for its Camella Properties. To date, NWRB is conducting ground water
testing to check the possibility of lifting the said moratorium.
Natural Drainage
Rivers and other tributaries collectively drain water into Laguna de Bay. Most of these
riverways mark the natural boundary of the separation of each barangays. Like any continually
developing areas, some riverways have already been covered by developments, which in turn is
the reason why there is evident flooding on some parts of the City. This is aside from the fact
that most of these river ways are already polluted and clogged. Fortunately, the City is
conscientiously active in restoring and preserving these riverways.
Table 6.6. River Ways
SOURCE: CPDO- G.I.S., 2015

Note: Length is GIS- Generated using QGIS
Figure 6.9. Water Bodies Map

Water Bodies
There are three (3) considered inland water bodies in the City (1) Jamboree Lake (2)
Katarungan Stream and (3) NBP Dam, most of which are located in the New Bilibid Prison
Reservation Area in Poblacion. Jamboree Lake is the most developed as it is one of the
promoted tourist attractions in the City. Dubbed as the smallest lake in the Philippines, it is
considered as the counterpart of the Laguna de Bay, which is on the other hand, the largest
lake in the Philippines and third largest body of water in Southeast Asia.
Climatological Condition
General Climatic Characteristics
The climate of Muntinlupa is classified as Type I under Corona’s classification used by
Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA),
where it is characterized by the two pronounced seasons: rainy season from May to October
and dry season from January to April.
Rainfall
Maximum rainfall in Muntinlupa City occurs from the month of June to October. The
annual amount of rainfall is 1,767.8 millimeters with a peak of 418.4 millimeters in August and a
low 4.0 millimeters in March.
Temperature
The annual mean temperature reading for Muntinlupa is 27.8ºC. The highest temperature
occurs during the months of April and May (33ºC- 34ºC), while the lowest occurs during the
months of December to February at 22ºC to 23.7ºC.

Table 6.8. Climatological Normals (Temperature)

Period: 1981- 2010
SOURCE: Climate and Agromet Data Section- PAGASA, 2012

Legend: MSLP - Mean Sea Level Pressure
Mbs - milibars
Humidity
The relative humidity of Muntinlupa City has an annual average of 76%. This makes the
city better than the municipalities of Laguna, which has an average relative humidity of 81%.
Wind Direction
From October to March, prevailing winds blow easterly, while the rest of the months
have winds blowing westerly.
Typhoon
The Philippines, due to its geographical location is one the Asian countries often affected
by typhoons. It is located within the so- called “typhoon belt”. Generally, typhoon season starts
from June and ends in November. However, the rest of the months are not entirely free of the
typhoon since they are unpredictable in nature and might enter the country anytime of the year.
The mean percentage frequency of typhoon passage over the Metropolitan Manila of which
Muntinlupa is a part, ranges from 11% to 20%. Albeit, 3 to 5 typhoons affect the City on a yearly
average.
Geological Hazard Map

Fissures
The movement of the identified fissures in the City of Muntinlupa is foreseen to
adversely affect the roads, railroad tracts, homes and large buildings along their paths.
Residents would usually find small cracks in their houses that worsen as time passes by. There
are 707 lots/ parcels with Property Identification Number (PIN) that are intersected by the
fissure. But further analysis shows that a total of 753 is identified if including those that do not
have a PIN. The highest affected area in barangay Putatan and Tunasan, which are highly
residential. In view of this, PHIVOLCS recommended regular monitoring and documentation of
the existing fissures and conduct of mapping of new fissure occurrence (World Bank Case
Study). It also encouraged the City Government of Muntinlupa to initiate more technical studies
on the phenomenon.
Table 6.10. Number of Parcels Transected by the Fissure

SOURCE: Assessor’s Office, 2014

Figure 6.10. Fissure Map

Figure 6.11. Parcel Map (West Valley Fault)
Active Fault
A total of 718 parcels in the City of Muntinlupa City are difficulty transected by the West
Valley Fault including the 10 buffer (5 meter on both sides of the fault line). The barangays of
Alabang, Bayanan and Putatan have the highest number of affected parcels with 208; 123 and
110.
Table 6.11. Number of Lots and Parcels Transected by the WVF
SOURCE: Assessor’s Office, 2014
Other Hazards
The City of Muntinlupa is also susceptible to other hazards like severe wind, rain-
induced landslide, and liquefaction, according to hazard maps by GMMA- READY and RAP
studies. To date, there are already recorded cases of the occurrence of such events on a small
scale which may pose a potential danger to the immediate community affected. Therefore, it is
necessary for the City to establish measures to mitigate the effect of these identified other
hazard before it will develop into a large scale hazard that may have an adverse damage to the
whole City.
Severe Wind
This hazard is characterized by strong winds ranging from 60 to more than 230 km/h
wind speed. Elevated areas are more vulnerable to severe winds than those located on the
shielded side of mountain.
The local wind speed hazard in the City at 0.2% AEP (Annual Exceedance Probability)
or 500- year return period that may experience a range of 101 to more than 230 km/h wind
speed. Wind speed of 171- 200 km/h is present along the shoreline of Laguna de Bay due to
low roughness of the water body to the south and east of these areas.
Severe winds affect the household’s vulnerable house structures. They also destroy
livelihood of the fisher folks along the lakeshore. Although considered as a minor hazard, severe
winds can devastate a portion of the population.
Rain Induced Landslide
Remaining steep slopes in the City (Figure 6.15.) are prone to landslides especially
during rainy days. In case this hazard happens it may cause fatalities to the people living in the
vicinity.
Liquefaction
Liquefaction is a phenomenon where saturated sand and silt take on the characteristics of a
liquid during the intense shaking of an earthquake and even intense rain, hence loses its ability
to support weight and can flow down very gentle slopes.
The highest hazard areas concentrated in regions of man- made landfill, especially fill
that was placed many decades ago in areas that were once submerged bay floor. Figure 6.16.
shows that this hazard is prevalent in areas along the shoreline of Laguna de Bay. The
coverage of the liquefaction zone is the almost the same as the covered area of the Flood
Overlay Zone. Therefore, mitigation measures for the said overlay shall be applicable for this
hazard. For three (3) floors and above, in accordance with the National Building Code of the
Philippines, structures shall need to conduct a soil boring test prior to securing permit and the
result of the test shall dictate if the proposed structure can be accommodated depending on the
soil bearing capacity result and other factors stated.
To date, there is already a case of a proposed multi storey structure (for this case, a
more than 3 floors proposal) which has been validated that cannot be constructed on the said
liquefaction zone due to the inability of the soil to bear such weight of multi storey structure.
Currently most of the structures in the area are one- storey residential therefore no significant
impact has not yet been observed or recorded. But the effect of liquefaction may pose either a
gradual or immediate impact depending on the factors that may cause to trigger its movement.
An immediate analysis through a Citywide Soil Boring Test to the area affected by liquefaction
may help to further analyse a hazard that has not yet been fully felt by its citizens.
Other potentially hazardous areas include larger stream channels, which produce the
loose young soils that are particularly susceptible to liquefaction.

Figure 6.12. Rain Induced Landslide Susceptibility Map, 2013

Figure 6.13. Liquefaction Map

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
This section provides inventory of roads, bridges, railway and ancillary road facilities
located in Muntinlupa City and those which are transecting or nearby the city as well. Tricycles,
buses, and jeepneys, motorcycles are popular modes of transportation in Muntinlupa. There is
also a PNR station in the city, namely as the Alabang railway station that will serve as a terminal
for commuters going to Manila. With the influx of people and the emergence of economic
activities, transportation utilities likewise evolved and thrived so fast. Various terminals to house
various bus lines exist at the moment. To complement, road widenings and road openings are
on-going in some parts of the city. Furthermore, various terminals open one after another in
order to house various bus lines.
In reference to the City’s CLUP, the City takes advantage of both road transport network
and railway transport (PNR Commuter Line). Another potential access is the water-based
transport being bounded by the Laguna Lake at the east side, which is informal at the moment.
These present potentials, in terms of better mobility for its residents and accessibility to the City,
heighten economic interaction with its neighboring NCR LGUs and CALABARZON provinces.
The envisioned modernization of the North Railway and the South Railway and the Laguna
Lake Expressway Development augur well in advancing the level of development in the City and
henceforth better quality of life for its residents. Due to its location, Muntinlupa City has an
access to the following major roads: National Road, Alabang-Zapote Road, Daang Hari, South
Luzon Expressway, Metro Manila Skyway, C-5 Road, TM (Taguig-Muntinlupa) Road (formerly
PPTA Pasig-Pateros- Taguig- Alabang Road) and Muntinlupa-Cavite Expressway (MCX).

Figure 6.14. Major Road Network Map

UTILITY SYSTEM
Water, Power, Electricity, Communication
Groundwater in Muntinlupa is rated good, which is probably one reason why many of the
residents obtain water by deep well before. However, based from the study coordinated by the
Multi-Sectoral Task Force on Land, the hydrologic data showed that the fissuring on certain
areas was caused by ground water extraction. The National Water Regulatory Board (NWRB)
later issued a moratorium to limit ground water extraction for domestic use only. At present,
Maynilad is the main water supplier of the city besides Prime Water which is licensed to extract
ground water for its Camella Properties. To date, NWRB is conducting ground water testing to
check the possibility of lifting the dais moratorium.
Muntinlupa city is part of NCR which is supplied by Meralco when it comes to electricity
and power. There is no major problem when it comes in electricity and power, unless a natural
calamity hits the area. Improved and developed cities like Muntinlupa were easily fix if there is
accident disconnection of these utility.
In communication such as signals and internets are already provided in areas of
Muntinlupa City. Globe Telecom, Smart, PLDT and other signal provider in the Philippines
were already on going and up to now we are already using those. However, internet signals
are weak on our country, lot of comments are negative when surveying a user pertaining to
their internet connections. Although Muntinlupa City having a trouble in Internet signals, those
providers are working on it to improve and develop their service for the people of Philippines.
Drainage and Garbage Disposal, Fire Protection
Rivers and other tributaries collectively drain water into Laguna de Bay. Most of these
riverways mark the natural boundary of the separation of each barangays. Like any
continually developing areas, some riverways have already covered by developments, which
in turn is the reason why there is evident flooding on some parts of the city. This is aside from
the fact that most of these riverways are already polluted and clogged. Fortunately, the city is
conscientiously active in restoring and preserving these riverways. Other garbage are being
disposed by using the dump truck collected regularly. It is the natural way of disposing a
garbage in every city in Manila, or worse, other try to throw their waste everywhere.
In terms of fire protection, Muntunlupa city had their own working fire station. It is
located near in Susana Heights.
Water Utilities
Water MAYNILAD Water Services Inc., the private water concessionaire of the
Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) for the West Zone, and yes, it is the
main supplier of water in Muntinlupa. Maynilad has (1) one water treatment plant located in
Barangay Putatan, Muntinlupa City (PWTP-1). Running since 2009 the treatment plant is
tapping water from Laguna de Bay to supply the ever-growing customers base in the area. In
terms of customer base, serving about 9.5 million people to date, Maynilad is the largest private
water concessionaire in the Philippines. With this growing demand MAYNILAD constructed
another water treatment plant (PWTP-2) that will supply 1million Maynilad customers in
Muntinlupa, Parañaque, Las Piñas and Cavite. The facility’s output will be expanded in phases
until it reaches its full 150-MLD capacity by the latter part of the year, at which point Maynilad’s
Putatan Water Treatment Plant 1 (PWTP-1) will be temporarily shut down for rehabilitation and
upgrades. PWTP 2 uses a multistage process of Dissolved Air Flotation, Biological Aerated
Filter, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and chlorination to treat the lake water and convert it to a
product that complies with the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water of the
Department of Health. Telecommunication Service Providers Communication facilities along
with other utilities are the benefits preferred by existing and would be locators.
Figure 6.15. Water Facility Map
POPULATION AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Demographic Profile
Population, as defined in the Glossary of Definition of the National Statistical
Coordination Board (NSCB), is the total number of individuals in a territory at a specified time. It
covers both nationals and aliens; native- and foreign born persons, internees, refugees and
other groups physically present within the borders of an area at a specified time. Thus, the total
population of the City is the number of individuals physically present at a specified time that is
the census period (1990, 2000, 2010).
The demographic profile provides a backgrounder in and general information on the
population composition and distribution in the City. The changes in population brought about by
its components such as birth, death and migration relate to the historical and projected growth
of the population of the City. It is essential to take into account population projections, its size
and characteristics, at City level, which would serve as basis for estimating future needs and
potentials in short and long- range planning. Population and pertinent participation ratios are
also derived from population composition characteristics.
Population distribution, which is the geographic pattern of the location of people, is
important in determining centers of population, hierarchy of settlements, and growth points in
the City. Urbanization trends and density levels are also derived from population distribution
patterns.
Population Size and Distribution
In terms of population size, the City of Muntinlupa is ranked 10th with a of 459,941
population, about 3.88% of the total population of the National Capital Region, based on
the2010National Statistics Office (NSO) Census Results (Table 6.12.). It has a growth rate of
1.95% which is estimated to reach 506, 568 in year 2015 (Table 6.14.).
Table 6.12. Metro Manila Populations by Cities and Municipality
SOURCE: National Statistic Office, 2010
The Census of Population in 2010 recorded an absolute increase of 80,631 individuals
from May 2000, which translates to an average Annual Population Growth Rate (APGR) of
1.95% during the period. This is a declaration in APGR when compared to the 3.14% for
period 1990 and 2000 (Table 6.13.). Despite the decline the City’s APGR it is still higher than
that of the NCR and the Philippines for the same period, which resulted to its percentage
share of the total NCR population rising 3.88% from the previous 3.82%. This pattern was
similar in the 1990- 2000 periods when its percentage share rose to 3.82% from 3.5%.
Table 6.13. Metro Manila Populations by Cities and Municipality

Note: *Estimated Projection in based from the 1.95% APGR of the Last Censal Year 2010
Table 6.14. Total Populations by Barangay, City of Muntinlupa 2000, 2010 and 2015

Of the City’s nine (9) barangays, Poblacion would have the largest share (Table 6.12.)
and highest APGR in 2010. This is a drastic realignment in population distribution compared
to 2000 which due mainly to the creation of a huge resettlement site inside the NBP
Reservation (which is within the barangay) for the Philippine National Railway (PNR) informal
settlers who are living along the rails that run in the City. This was the reason why affected
barangays Bayanan, Buli, Putatan and Sucat have negative to almost zero (0) APGR.
The percentage shares of the eight (8) barangays (except Poblacion) are lower or
equal than the City which implies that more new settlers were registered in Poblacion,
Putatan, Alabang and Cupang are the barangays with the next highest percentage share, with
Buli having the lowest share. Except for Poblacion and Putatan which traded placed, all the
other seven (7) barangays have roughly the same shares and rank in terms of population
distribution in the City.
Population Density
The City, with an area of 3,975 hectares, registered a population density of 127 persons
per hectare, as per projected for 2015. For the Censal year 2010, at 116 persons per hectare, it
showed an increase of 21 persons (21.26%) from 95 persons per hectare in 2000. In 1990,
there were 70 persons residing in every hectare of land.
Barangay Bayanan id the densest at 446 persons per hectare followed by Putatan.
Ayala Alabang is the least dense at 32 persons per hectares.
Table 6.15. Population Density and Percent Change for Philippines, NCR and City of
Muntinlupa: 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2015

Note from NSO: Land area was based on cadastral survey (certified and provided to the DBM from the LMB,
DENR, as of 2010.
Table 6.16. Population Densities, Land Area, Number of Land Parcel I, by Barangay
SOURCE: CPDO, 2015

Figure 6.16. Population Density by Barangay

Figure 6.17. Population Density 2015
Household Population
Household population, or non- institutional population, as defined by the Glossary of
Definition of the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB), refers to the population
enumerated in private households during a census. It is different from the term population as
previously mentioned above which takes to account all individuals (institutional and non-
institutional) at the specific time.
Household, on the other hand, refers to an aggregate of persons, generally but not
necessarily bound by ties of kinship, which live together under the same roof and eat together
or share in common the household food Members comprise the head of the household,
relatives living with him/ her and other who share the community life for reasons of work or
other consideration. A person who lives alone considered a separate household.
The projected total household population of Muntinlupa is 483,332 for 2015. At the last
Censal Year 2010, it reached 438,843 posting an increase of 18.50% compared to 370,333 in
2000. Household population accounted for 95.41% of the total City population. Household
population refers to all persons who are member of the household.
Table 6.17. Total Household Population and Percent Change for Philippines, NCR and
City of Muntinlupa: 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2015
SOURCE: 1990, 2000 and 2010 Census of Population and Housing, NSO
In 2010, there were 103,949 households recorded in the City of Muntinlupa. This
represented an increase of 33.24% compared to 78,106 households in 2000. (Table 6.18.)
The average household size in the City of Muntinlupa was 4.2 persons (Table 6.19.),
which is lower than the average households size in 2000 and 1990 census. This means
families are having lesser children in the past 20 years in the City. The increase in number of
household could be explained by the trend of having smaller families. Using the average
household size as per last Censal Year 2010 (4.20), the projected total number of households
at present is 115,079.
Table 6.18. Population Densities, Land Area, Number of Land Parcel I, by Barangay

Table 6.19. Estimated Number of Households,

Age- Sex Structure
The City of Muntinlupa, at present has 49% of its population were males and 51%
were females (Figure 6.22.). These figures resulted to a sex ratio of 95 males for every 100
females, which is slightly lower in 2000. The sex ratio for age groups 15 years and over had
more females (Table 6.20. and Table 6.21.). The population pyramid of Muntinlupa for Censal
Year 2000 and 2010 is shown (Figure 6.22.). This reflects a relatively young population of
Muntinlupa
Figure 6.18. Male and Female Distribution

Table 6.20. Household Population by Age- Sex Distribution, 2000 and 2010
SOURCE: NSO, 2010

Note: Sex Ratio is ratio of Male per 100 Female
Figure 6.19. Population Distribution by Age Group and Sex, 2000 vs 2010
Table 6.21. Household Population by Age- Sex Distribution, 2015
SOURCE: NSO, 2010

*Estimated Projection in based from the 1.95% APGR of the Last Censal Year 2010
Marital Structure
The results of the Census of Population in 2010 revealed that out of the 438,843
household population, 353,730 are ten years old and above, 43.70% are single and 42.56%
are married. In comparison, 3.47% are widowed, 1.76% are divorced/ separated, 8.53% are
cohabiting and 0.17% are unknown.
Table 6.22. Household Population 10 Years Old and Over By Sex and Marital Status,
2010
SOURCE: NSO, 2010

Figure 6.20. Household Population 10 Years Old

and Over By Sex and Marital Status, 2010
Overall Dependency Ratio
The household population of the City of Muntinlupa is comprised of 28.71% young
dependents (Age Group 0 to 14), 3.19% old dependents (Age Group 65 and over) and
68.09% working- age population (15 to 64 years). These reflected dependency ratio of 47
dependents (5 old dependents and 42 young dependents) for every 100 dependency ratio
was 53 with only 4 old dependents and 49 young dependents for every 100 persons in the
working age group.
Table 6.23. Dependency Ratio, 2000 and 2010
SOURCE: NSO, 2010
Table 6.24. Age Group Distribution, 2010
SOURCE: NSO, 2010

Figure 6.21. Working Age and Dependent Population, 2010
Figure 6.22. Population Composition by School- Age,

Working- Age, Dependent- Age Group and Sex, 2010
Senior Citizens
Senior citizens, comprising those aged 60 years old and over, numbered 24,692 in the
City of Muntinlupa as of Censal Year 2010. Males accounted for 43.79% of the senior citizens
and the rest were females. Senior citizens represent 5.63% of the total household population.
School Age
The school- age population (5 to 24 years old) in the City of Muntinlupa represents
38.53% of the total household population. This is slightly lower than the proportion of school-
age population (41.62%) in 2000. Of the 169,069 school- age population, 49.76% were males
and the rest were females.
Projection of Population and Assumptions
The population growth rate of the City from 2000- 2010 was established at 1.95% per
annum. If it continues at the same rate annually, the population of Muntinlupa will double in 36
years (2046).
Using geometric growth rate method, the population will rise to 626,466 by 2026 which
shall be the end of the planning period of the updated CLUP. This result should serve as the
high estimates of this plan since it assumes growth rate shall rise compounded annually by
1.95%.
While the aforementioned projection could happen it is possible that actual population
in those years could be lesser since population growth rate has been declining over the years.
This necessitates a second projection methodology that will take this trend into consideration.
A second methodology was used to undertake another projection using a time series
regression model of the population census of the City from 1995 to 2010. The result showed
that the City’s population shall rise to 539,787 by 2026. This is less by 87,679 from the
previous method. For convenience, we shall designate this as the low estimate.
This methodology however could be projecting the City’s population too low. Thus a
middle ground has to be estimated. Using the mean of the two previous methodologies, a
third estimate of the population of the City was undertaken. The results showed that by 2026
the population will reach 582,616 which is 43,850 lesser than the “high estimate” and 43,829
higher that the “low estimate”. For convenience, we shall call this projection the “medium
estimate”.
It may seem confusing to have three (3) projections but it has its usefulness. First in
resource allocation, when budget is tight the City can try to meet its programming needs at the
minimum therefore the low estimate could be used as a benchmark. Or if it needs to make
allowances for uncertainties the high estimate can be used. Secondly, there will be scheduled
censuses in 2015 and 2020 which shall be within the planning period. The City can validate
these projections and adjust them accordingly by using the estimate nearer the future results
of the said censuses.
These projections are illustrated in Figure 6.27. For easier understanding and
consistency within the LGU, the high estimate shall be used in this updating.
Figure 6.23. Projected Population of Muntinlupa 2014- 2026

AREA GROWTH PATTERN AND INFLUENCE
With most of the former Alabang stock Farm, now being converted to Filinvest
Corporate City, barangay Alabang can be distinguished into two areas. Half of it is owned
solely by a private developer, Filinvest, and is being handled as a separate planned unit
development; while the other remains to be for public and government utilization.
The concept of Alabang CBD and Proper is now being introduced as part of the spatial
concept in support of strengthening Alabang being the point of the radial spatial pattern.
Alabang CBD, which mainly consist of the Filinvest Corporate City (which include Filinvest
Festival Mall, Crimson Hotel, Bellevue Hotel, Acacia Hotel, Insular Life, Asian Hotel, North
Cyberzone, etc.). Ospital ng Muntinlupa, RITM, BFAD, South Station, City Terminal, City Public
Market, is still mostly an underdeveloped prime land for a CBD. In line with this, the focus of this
concept is to uplift the image of the area befitting its function. It would be particular in urban
redevelopment certain areas like the City Public Market, and the Alabang Triangle to address
the current status of urban decay under Alabang Viaduct.
VISUAL APPEAL AND ATTRACTIONS
The City of Muntinlupa has been nationally known for being the location of penetitiary,
the historic Bureau of Corrections (formerly the New Bilibid Prison), established on January
22, 1941 and houses about 7,000 prisoners.
The City is also very famous because of the Japanese soldiers who were buried here
during World War II particularly in the site known as the Japanese Cemetery. The relatives of
fallen soldiers purposely come to the place to visit the shrine.
About twenty (20) years later, after Muntinlupa became a City, it is now considered as
highly urbanized City. Being in the southern threshold of the National Capital Region and the
gateway to CALABARZON (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon) area, it continues
to bolster its development by capitalizing on its strategic location. With the establishment of
several major malls, the City of Muntinlupa has become a favourite destination for shopping of
residents from neighboring areas. Retail and services share the biggest bulk of businesses
established in the City, which maintains its viability as a potential investment haven.
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTS

Commercial
In 1990, the orientation characteristics of commercial land development is
concentrated in Barangay Alabang area, it being a convergence area and transportation hub
in the City. However, it is important to note the dramatic expansion of commercial land after
1990; the commercial facilities are now built to serve the local residents and located where
residents live. The observed pattern also indicates that commercial development tends to
show spatial continuity and road dependency. This expansion occurred virtually in every
direction wherein it complements are growing residential area. Commercial growth on that
period is 158%. For the period 1998- 2014, the continuous expansion was observed in
Alabang and Ayala Alabang. Furthermore, the spatial orientations were due to the growing
number of BPOs located in both areas. The growth rate of commercial areas increases barely
by 21.26%. The development of the Alabang CBD was not as fast compared to the CBDs in
Fort Bonifacio and Ortigas.
Likewise, the new developments were a major departure from the pre-existing
characteristics of commercial services in the area. The Alabang viaduct which was the major
location of commercial areas before, become blighted. Since Alabang is the entry point it, is
appropriate that redevelopment and face-lifting of these commercial areas will be included in
the plan.
Residential trends of development on the northern tip will open another commercial
node to service its residents for their maximum comfort and convenience.
Opportunities in commercial real estate industry will continue to be abundant for this
planning period. The unique economic and demographic realities in each barangays pose
different options for savvy real estate investors eyeing on emerging need and trends in the
market. Real estate investment is a tremendous opportunity for Muntinlupa. The city’s supply
of land will create additional diverse job opportunities and hopefully decrease the needs for
the residents to travel out of the city to find jobs. Below is a list of different types of
commercial real estate with a description and its location based on the proposed zone.
Industrial
The industrial development between 1979 and 1991 displayed a strong spatial
orientation. Industrial land use during the time period was heavily concentrated along the east
and west service road and south-eastern parts of the City. It is evident that these spatial
orientations were related to the accessibility of the area. From 1991 to 1998 industry grew by
only 3% and decreased by 21.87% from 1998 to 2014. The two major reasons for the decline
are (1) the relocation of heavy industries to Laguna, and (2) the reclassification of the area
from industrial to urban corridor that only permits light industry.
Considering the changing land use trend and the reclassification of the existing
industrial area into residential condominium, it is imperative that the present land use must
eventually change.
The development direction for this area is to actively support the major commercial
and retail industry that will drive future economic growth and higher employment industry. The
targeted investment will include storage, product assembly, food production and office space.
These properties can be used for regional distribution of products. The area has easy access
for trucks entering and exiting highway system.

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Rizal Technological University

College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology 87

MACRO SITE ANALYSIS

census, it has a population of 504,509 people. Classified as s highly urbanized city.

“Gateway to Calabarzon” as it is the southernmost city of the National Capital Region.

Barangay Poblacion Profile

Figure 6.1. Barangay Poblacion Map

Fourth District in National Capital Region which is part of the Luzon group of islands. Its 9

Table 6.1. Barangay Poblacion Profile

recommended that the Municipal Hall of Muntinlupa be built in Muntinlupa.

Barangays of the City of Muntinlupa.

Laguna de Bay in the east and Cavite area in the west.

speculation has cropped up as to the development of the area.

Politics, as serving as town Mayors in the Municipality.

PARAMETERS OF SITE SELECTION

Figure 6.2. NBP Location

Group D Institutional, Division 1.

Muntinlupa lies within 14º

23’N latitude and 121º

02’E longitude and is

located on the southwestern

the North by Taguig City,

Parañaque City, by Las

Piñas in the west, in the

Figure 6.3. Vicinity Map of Muntinlupa City

SOURCE: CPDO, 2015

bigger than Las Piñas City.

Figure 6.4. Share Land Area in Percentage

Ayala Alabang and Poblacion. The smallest barangay is Buli (1.5%).

meters and above the southwest potion.

Figure 6.5. Topographic Map

Muntinlupa is generally level to gently sloping terrain. About 45.29% is characterized by

Poblacion and Tunasan.

15.0% sloping lands, covering 4.07% and 1.19% respectively.

Table 6.4 Slope Distribution

SOURCE: CPDO, 2015

Figure 6.6. Slope Map

Figure 6.7. Contour Map

Bureau of Soils and Water Management (BSWM).

patches of clay skin in between ped faces.

which is also referred to as the Guadalupe Tuff.

development and industrialization.

the Philippines. Guadalupe is named after Guadalupe town in Spain.

makes it generally unsuitable for diverse cropping.

Table 6.5. Soil Types in the City of Muntinlupa

SOURCE: Bureau of Soil and Water Management (BSWM)

Figure 6.8. Soil Map

Hydro- Geologic Features

testing to check the possibility of lifting the said moratorium.

conscientiously active in restoring and preserving these riverways.

Table 6.6. River Ways

SOURCE: CPDO- G.I.S., 2015

Figure 6.9. Water Bodies Map

The climate of Muntinlupa is classified as Type I under Corona’s classification used by

Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA),

and dry season from January to April.

low 4.0 millimeters in March.

months of December to February at 22ºC to 23.7ºC.

Table 6.8. Climatological Normals (Temperature)

SOURCE: Climate and Agromet Data Section- PAGASA, 2012

have winds blowing westerly.

Geological Hazard Map

The movement of the identified fissures in the City of Muntinlupa is foreseen to