T. Y. B.

Tech (ECE)

Semester: V Subject: Computer Networks.

Name: Mohammad Div: B
Roll No: PB58 Batch: B4

Experiment No: 04

Name of the Experiment: Installation and configuration of DHCP server.

Performed on:
Marks Teacher’s Signature with
Submitted on:

Aim: Implementation of DHCP server and its client using network simulation tool.

Pre-requisite: IP Address, BOOTP.

Objectives:
1. Overview about the DHCP server 2.
Installing and configuring a DHCP server
3. Installing DHCP client.

Requirements:
1. Personal computers with NIC connected through CAT 5 UTP cable.
2. Windows Server 2003 /2007 Network Operating Systems installed in each computer.
3. TCP/IP protocol installed in computer.
4. Cisco packet tracer simulator tool.
5. Students are provided with local administrator account.
 Theory:
A. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP):
BOOTP is not a dynamic configuration protocol. When a client requests its IP address, the BOOTP
server consults a table that matches the physical address of the client with its IP address. This
implies that the binding between the physical address and the IP address of the client already exists.
The binding is predetermined. However, what if a host moves from one physical network to
another? What if a host wants a temporary IP address? BOOTP cannot handle these situations
because the binding between the physical and IP addresses is static and fixed in a table until
changed by the administrator. BOOTP is a static configuration protocol. The Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) has been devised to provide static and dynamic address allocation
that can be manual or automatic. Fig. 3.1 shows the working of DHCP server with its client.

Figure. 3.1 Working of DHCP (DORA).

Static Address Allocation In this capacity DHCP acts as BOOTP does. It is backward compatible
with BOOTP, which means a host running the BOOTP client can request a static address from a
DHCP server. A DHCP server has a database that statically binds physical addresses to IP
addresses.
Dynamic Address Allocation DHCP has a second database with a pool of available IP addresses.
This second database makes DHCP dynamic. When a DHCP client requests a temporary IP
address, the DHCP server goes to the pool of available (unused) IP addresses and assigns an IP
address for a negotiable period of time. When a DHCP client sends a request to a DHCP server,
the server first checks its static database. If an entry with the requested physical address exists in
the static database, the permanent IP address of the client is returned. On the other hand, if the
entry does not exist in the static database, the server selects an IP address from the available pool,
assigns the address to the client, and adds the entry to the dynamic database.
The dynamic aspect of DHCP is needed when a host moves from network to network or is
connected and disconnected from a network (as is a subscriber to a service provider). DHCP
provides temporary IP addresses for a limited time. The addresses assigned from the pool are
temporary addresses. The DHCP server issues a lease for a specific time. When the lease expires,
the client must either stop using the IP address or renew the lease. The server has the option to
agree or disagree with the renewal. If the server disagrees, the client stops using the address.
Manual and Automatic Configuration One major problem with the BOOTP protocol is that the
table mapping the IP addresses to physical addresses needs to be manually configured. This means
that every time there is a change in a physical or IP address, the administrator needs to manually
enter the changes. DHCP, on the other hand, allows both manual and automatic configurations.
Static addresses are created manually dynamic addresses are created automatically. Port
address:
UDP Port 68 used for Requests. UDP
Port 67 used for server Replies. B.
Cisco Packet Tracer:
It is a cross-platform visual simulation tool that allows users to create network topologies and
imitate modern computer networks. The software allows users to simulate the configuration of
Cisco routers and switches using a simulated command line interface
Packet Tracer supplements physical equipment in the classroom by allowing students to create a
network with an almost unlimited number of devices, encouraging practice, discovery, and
troubleshooting. The simulation-based learning environment helps students develop 21st century
skills such as decision making, creative and critical thinking, and problem solving.
Packet Tracer complements the Networking Academy curricula, allowing instructors to easily
teach and demonstrate complex technical concepts and networking systems design. Instructors can
customize individual or multiuser activities, providing hands-on lessons for students that offer
value and relevance in their classrooms. Students can build, configure, and troubleshoot networks
using virtual equipment and simulated connections, alone or in collaboration with other students.
Packet Tracer offers an effective, interactive environment for learning networking concepts and
protocols. Most importantly, Packet Tracer helps students and instructors create their own virtual
“network worlds” for exploration, experimentation, and explanation of networking concepts and
technologies.

Implementation of DHCP Server:

1. Open packet tracer

 Screen shot for step 1

2. Select Generic Server, Computers and Lap top from End Devices to create a network using
any topology. (Here star topology is used)

Screen shot for step 2

3. Select Generic Switch from Switch.

Screen shot for step 3

 Screen shot for step 3.1

4. Select cable (Copper Straight-Through) from Connections

Screen shot for step 4

5. Connect PC0 (Fast Ethernet) to Switch (Fast Ethernet 0/1)

 Screen shot for step 5
6. Similarly, connect remaining devices (PCs and Laptops).

Screen shot for step 6

7. Configuration of DHCP Server

 Screen shot for step 7

Screen shot for step 7.1

 Screen shot for step 7.2

Screen shot for step 7.3

8. Similarly configure remaining devices and use Ipconfig to check all details of any node
(One Ipconfig for PC 0 is shown for you)
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9. Check the packet transmission.

Screen shot for step 9

Output:
 Conclusion:
We have successfully done the Implementation of DHCP server and its client using network simulation tool.

Post lab questions:

1. How do DHCP and BOOTP handle multiple subnets?

2. What information can a DHCP server provides to a host?
3. Can DHCP support remote access?
4. What is new in Cisco Packet Tracer 7.0?