LOCATION : Changuvetty kottakkal Malappuram STANDARDS

Group C (Medic al/Hospital)

Maximum Coverage permitted: 50%
Maximum F.A.R. permitted without additional fee:2
with additional fee:3
Height of building twice the width of street abutting plot + twice width of yard from building to abutting street.
Height can be further increased proportionately @ 3m for every 50cm by which the building is set back from
building line.
25% of car parking to be provided additionally for 2 wheeler parking.
KMBR prescribes 1 parking unit per 100sq.m of c arpet area, i.e. for 12.540sq.m
Site area- 3.5 Acres carpet area, 125 parking units are required.
Total floor area - 1,42,000 Stairway: building having more than 4 floors including basement or sunken floors shall have at least 2 staircases,
Started in 2009 one of which maybe an external stairway.
Number of beds-150 Lifts:- for every building exceeding 3 stores, in case of hospitals/medical occupancies, shall be provided with 1
After expansion - 200 beds lift for every 2500sq.m.
No. of floors - B + G+5 = 7 floors Ramps: if provided should be laid with slope not exceeding 1 in 10, surfaced with approved non-slippery
materials.
Setbacks:-
NEARBY HOSPITAL 7.5m

3m 3m
BUILDING
Shanthi mission Eye hospital - 0.7 km
ALMAS Hospital - 0.75 km
7.5m
IMB Hospital - 0.85 km
Harrison Medical Centre - 1.5 km
Every hospital should be provided with incinerator for the disposal of hazardous and pathogenic waste.
Kottakal Co-Operative Hospital - 2.2 km
For hospitals, the minimum c apa city of storage tank of the roof top rainwater harvesting arrangement: 50 L/
Ahalia foundation Eye hospital - 2.7 km
sq.m. of total floor area.
Dr. P. Alikuttys Kottakal Ayurveda & Modern Hospital - 2.8 km
Water requirement, as per NBC, including laundry: 450 L per head per day.
Workable roof top rainwater harvesting arrangement should be provided as integral part of new building con-
ACCESS EMERGENCY
struction.
VISITORS

Railway station - tirur PATIENT

INFERENCES
Airport - calicut (30 km) STAFFS

Bus stop - changuvetty
Kottakkal - 1 km
Easy access from the NH17 with a dedicated main road
connecting the hospital to reduce the noise and crowd
The design was done as stages where the future expansion land
was left which was used as a parking area
CLIMATIC AND TOPOGRAPHY
Temperature- 23-33°C
Precipitation - 350mm rainfall
Humidity - 60-100%
Soil - hard laterite - seismic design measures not adopted
Terrain - contoured site , front - planar, sloppy rear
Sloped area- basement and service
BLOOD BANK Two main entries to the hospital - On an even, solid, and non slippery surface
SERVICE Round about for main entrance area for traffic control
Unobstructed path for emergency entry
Separate entry for patient, staffs, services
PARKING
Dedicated parking lotts to be provided as per standards
Provide adequate covered space in front of the entrance for shelter and protection from adverse weather condi-
Car parking - 200
tions
Staff parking -25
Two wheelers - 60 Proper signage showing the vehicular routes
Ambulance - 2 Controlling the flow of visitors vehicle by proper management
Oxygen plant , on site sewage treatment plant, rain water harvesting tank spaces needs to planned
Landscape near the canteen deck , waiting area, play Minimum 4.5m setback on all sides for firesaftey
area. Provide a cool mbiant aesthetically appealing unthreatening environment for the patients
Trees planted instead of seating areas
water boby not mained
Vacant plots used for parking

DONE BY,

MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
 DONE BY,

MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
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吀爀漀氀氀攀礀 瀀愀爀欀                         ㈀㄀
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䐀伀䌀吀伀刀 吀伀吀䄀䰀 䄀刀䔀䄀                   ㌀　㜀
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嘀䤀匀䤀吀伀刀匀
䠀伀匀倀䤀吀䄀䰀 匀䔀刀嘀䤀䌀䔀匀 ⴀ 䈀䄀匀䔀䴀䔀一吀 䘀䰀伀伀
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䔀氀攀挀琀爀椀挀愀氀 瀀愀渀攀氀 爀漀漀洀  圀愀猀栀椀渀最⼀䐀椀猀椀渀昀攀挀琀椀漀渀             ㌀㔀
匀琀漀爀攀 ⴀ 㐀㄀　　洀 砀 ㌀㘀　　洀  䄀猀猀攀洀戀氀礀                                ㈀㄀
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䌀漀甀渀琀攀爀  匀琀攀爀椀氀攀 猀琀漀爀愀最攀                        
匀琀攀爀椀氀攀 猀琀漀爀愀最攀                         㐀㈀
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ᐠ 吀攀挀栀渀椀挀愀氀 猀琀愀昀昀                   ㌀㔀
吀伀吀䄀䰀 䄀刀䔀䄀                        ㈀㜀㌀
MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII
䠀伀匀倀䤀吀䄀䰀 匀䔀刀嘀䤀䌀䔀匀 ⴀ 䈀䄀匀䔀䴀䔀一吀 䘀䰀伀伀
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䈀漀搀礀 眀愀猀栀 ㈀㄀
匀琀愀昀昀 愀挀挀漀洀洀漀搀愀琀椀漀渀       ㈀㄀
倀甀戀氀椀挀 甀琀椀氀椀琀椀攀猀                   㜀
匀甀戀ⴀ眀愀椀琀椀渀最                     ㈀㠀
吀漀琀愀氀                               ㄀㐀　
匀甀爀最椀挀愀氀 愀渀搀 搀爀攀猀猀椀渀最       㘀㌀
䰀椀渀攀渀 愀渀搀 氀椀瘀攀爀礀              ㈀㠀
匀琀愀琀椀漀渀攀爀礀 愀渀搀 瀀爀椀渀琀椀渀最    ㈀㠀
䌀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 愀渀搀 最氀愀猀猀眀愀爀攀  ㈀㠀
匀愀渀椀琀愀琀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 洀椀猀琀         ㈀㠀
䘀甀爀渀椀琀甀爀攀                          㘀㌀
䤀猀猀甀攀
䤀猀猀甀攀                                ㈀㠀
吀爀漀氀氀攀礀 瀀愀爀欀                     ㈀㄀
䄀眀愀椀琀椀渀最 挀漀渀搀攀洀渀愀琀椀漀渀  ㈀㄀
匀琀愀䠀愀挀挀漀洀洀漀搀愀琀椀漀渀
ᐠ 匀琀漀爀攀猀 漀昀椀氀挀攀爀
ᐠ 匀攀挀爀攀琀愀爀椀愀氀 猀琀愀昀昀
ᐠ 匀琀漀爀攀 欀攀攀瀀攀爀猀             㔀㘀
吀漀琀愀氀                              ㌀㘀㐀
∠  䄀氀氀 琀栀攀 猀攀爀瘀椀挀攀 挀漀爀攀猀 栀愀瀀瀀攀渀椀渀最 椀渀 戀愀猀攀洀攀渀琀 昀氀漀漀爀⸀
∠  䔀渀琀爀椀攀猀㨀 ㄀⸀ 匀攀爀瘀椀挀攀ⴀ 漀渀 氀攀昀琀 甀猀攀搀 戀礀 猀琀愀昀昀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 爀椀最栀琀 攀砀挀氀甀猀椀瘀攀氀礀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 洀漀爀琀甀愀爀礀  ⠀渀漀琀 琀漀 戀攀 椀渀 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀猀 瘀椀猀椀漀渀⤀ 
  ㈀⸀洀愀椀渀 攀渀琀爀礀 氀攀愀搀椀渀最 琀漀 最爀漀甀渀搀 昀氀漀漀爀⸀㌀⸀匀攀爀瘀椀挀攀 攀渀琀爀礀 昀漀爀 欀椀琀挀栀攀渀
∠  吀栀攀 洀愀椀渀 攀渀琀爀礀 琀漀 戀愀猀攀洀攀渀琀 昀漀爀洀猀 愀 挀漀甀爀琀礀愀爀搀
∠  匀琀愀昀昀 挀栀愀渀最椀渀最 爀漀漀洀 栀愀瀀瀀攀渀椀渀最 椀渀 氀攀昀琀
∠  䌀愀渀琀攀攀渀ⴀ ㌀ 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 搀椀渀椀渀最 愀爀攀愀 昀漀爀 猀琀愀昀昀 瘀椀猀椀琀漀爀猀 愀渀搀 搀漀挀琀漀爀 
∠ 匀琀愀昀昀 愀渀搀 搀漀挀 搀椀渀椀渀最 攀渀琀爀礀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 挀漀爀爀椀搀漀爀 
∠  匀琀愀昀昀 搀椀渀椀渀最 琀甀爀渀椀渀最 愀渀搀 猀瀀愀挀攀 瘀攀爀礀 昀愀爀Ⰰ 眀栀攀渀 攀洀攀爀最攀渀挀礀 猀椀琀甀愀琀椀漀渀 栀愀瀀瀀攀渀猀
∠  吀栀攀 挀漀爀爀椀搀漀漀爀猀 昀漀爀 昀椀爀攀 攀砀椀琀 渀漀琀 猀甀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀琀 渀攀愀爀 瀀栀礀猀椀漀
∠  䈀氀漀漀搀 戀愀渀欀 愀挀挀攀猀猀 猀攀爀瘀椀挀攀 愀爀攀愀 挀漀渀最攀猀琀攀搀 
∠  䈀氀漀漀搀 猀琀漀爀攀 愀挀挀攀猀猀 琀漀 漀瀀攀爀愀琀椀漀渀 琀栀攀愀琀爀攀 渀漀琀 攀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀琀氀礀 瀀氀愀渀渀攀搀 
∠  䴀漀爀琀甀愀爀礀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 栀愀瘀攀 猀琀愀昀昀 愀爀攀愀 昀漀爀 瀀漀氀椀挀攀 愀渀搀 椀渀猀瀀攀挀琀椀漀渀
∠  倀栀礀猀椀漀 琀栀攀爀愀瀀礀 欀攀瀀琀 椀渀 戀愀猀攀洀攀渀琀 昀氀漀漀爀 昀漀爀 攀愀猀礀 愀挀挀攀猀猀 漀昀 瀀栀礀猀椀挀愀氀礀 挀栀愀氀氀攀渀最攀搀 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀
∠ 刀愀洀瀀 渀漀琀 椀渀 洀愀椀渀 攀渀琀爀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀搀 漀渀 猀攀爀瘀椀挀攀 攀渀琀爀礀
∠  䐀甀洀戀 眀愀椀琀攀爀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀 椀渀猀椀搀攀 䌀匀匀䐀 昀漀爀 瘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀 琀爀愀渀猀瀀漀爀琀愀琀椀漀渀
∠  眀愀猀琀攀 洀愀渀愀最攀洀攀渀琀 瀀氀愀渀琀 栀愀瀀瀀攀渀椀渀最 漀渀 猀椀琀攀 Ⰰ渀漀琀 漀渀 瀀氀愀渀椀渀最 
∠  渀漀 眀愀猀琀攀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀渀最 瀀漀椀渀琀 猀攀攀渀
∠  挀栀椀洀渀攀礀 爀漀漀洀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀 
∠  氀愀戀漀爀愀琀漀爀礀 爀攀挀攀椀瀀琀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 甀渀椀琀 渀漀琀 猀攀攀渀
∠  戀氀漀漀搀 戀愀渀欀 爀攀猀琀椀渀最 愀爀攀愀猀⠀䴀刀搀⤀ 昀漀爀 戀氀漀漀搀 搀漀渀漀爀猀 渀漀琀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀 渀攀愀爀 戀氀漀漀搀 戀愀渀欀
∠ 䐀甀挀琀 栀愀瀀瀀攀渀椀渀最 眀椀琀栀椀渀 爀漀漀洀猀 愀渀搀 愀氀漀渀最 瀀愀猀猀愀最攀
DONE BY,
匀䄀䤀 匀刀䤀 䠀䄀刀匀䠀䄀
䄀䤀 匀刀䤀 䠀䄀刀匀䠀䄀
SAI SRI HARSHA
䴀伀䐀䔀䴀 刀䄀䜀䠀䄀嘀䔀一䐀刀䄀 䬀
一䤀匀䠀䤀吀䠀䄀 倀
NISHITHA P
一䄀圀䘀䄀䰀 一䄀夀䔀䔀䴀
䄀䜀䠀䄀嘀䔀一䐀刀䄀 䬀䤀刀䄀一
MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
䨀䄀夀䄀嘀䄀刀䴀䄀
JAYAVARMA J 刀䄀一䐀䔀䔀倀 䬀
RANDEEP K
䬀 䄀倀䄀刀一䄀
K APARNA 匀䤀䐀䠀䄀刀吀䠀 䈀䔀一伀䤀
SIDDARTH BENOI
 STANDARDS in m sq
CRITICAL CARE UNIT
— Nurses desk
Window (3 nos Waiting - 9 seating Reception 2
— Clean utility
person
—ECG room
Emergency reception
— Pantry
Toilet
— Reception
Drinking water
— Medico-legal specimen and record
Emergency. Counseling - 4.05m x 3m
— Emergency lab
Treatment procedure/ minor
— Mobile X-ray
Open 4.25 x 3.5
— Stores" 301
Closed 4.1 x 3.5
"Exam/Resuscitation 6 beds
Toilet 1
— Waiting
Casualty in charge 2 x 4 W
— Social worker
Nurse station
— Police/Legal recording
Clean utility 4.1m x 1.5m
— Drug dispensing
Observation 5.3m x 6.2m (4 beds)
— Examination cubicles294
Operation theatre- at a corner , without window
"Operating suite
Pre up hold
— Emergency OT
Reception - 1 person
— Scrub/Gowning
Changing room 4.1m x 3m + toilet
— Instrument sterilization
Waiting-day surgery 4.6m x 6.25m - 4 waiting
— Dirty utility
Day surgery - 4bed - 7.8m x 6.5m
— Anesthesia
Treatment - 3 bed
— Plaster room
— Treatment room" 238

PEDIATRICS
STANDARDS in m sq
Reception counter - 3 person
Waiting area - 13 seater + common toilet
Nursing station 77
Play room - 4.6m x 2.38m - separated by glass
Patient beds 49
Immunity room - 4.8m x 2.05m - 1bed
Patient beds 30
Gynecology. Room x2 - 4.85m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2
Staff accommodation 28
seater 1 bed, 1 wash
Ultrasound - 4.85m x 4.1m - 1bed, 1 person counter
Procedure room - 3.9m x 3m - 1 bed
Pediatric- 3.9m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2 seater 1 bed ,1
wash - w1

STANDARDS in m sq
OPD
Module -25.0
Waiting area
“Entrance Lobby
Op reception - 5 person
STANDARDS — Trolley park
Waiting - 66 seater - 11.6m x 22.65m
PROXIMITY ANALYSIS AND — General waiting
OPD
ZONING — Public utilities” 98
Room 1
“Reception
Corridor - 2.4m wide
— Enquiry counter
General medicine x2 - 4.95m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2 seater,
— Admission/discharge
1 bed
— Cash counter
Family medicine F.H.C - 4.95m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2
— Queuing track
seater, 1 bed
— Staff accommodation” 140
Procedure room - 4.95m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2 seater, 1 bed
“Arcade
Dermatology - 4.95m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2 seater, 1 bed
— Chemist “
Cardiology - 4.95m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2 seater, 1 bed
— Gift, book shop
Specialty OP-1 - 4.95m x 3m - 1 doctor, 2 seater, 1 bed
— Snack counter
Endoscopy - 4.6m x 4.75m - changing area, attached
“ 70
toilet
“Control Room
Procedure room - 4m x 3.5m - 1 staff, 1 bed
— Security/fire
T.M.T/Echo - 4m x 3.2m
— Ambulance station” 42
E.E.G (electroencephalogram) - 4m x 3.2m
Gift shop - 4m x 4.1m

DONE BY,

MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
 MEETING/ CONFERENCE ROOM STANDARDS in m sq
- Administrative Approaching administration 98
Corridor - 2.4m wide general administration 168
Meeting room - 6-8 seater - 3.1m x 4.1m - attached toilet hospital information 63
VIP security/fire 35 INFERENCES
Waiting lounge - 3.1m x 4.5m mobile transport 35
Conference hall - .1m x 6m - 10-12 seater house keeping 35
Med. Dir. Room - 3,.1m x 4.5m hospital administration 196
medical records 140
There are two main entrances to the hospital
Chairman's room - 3.4m x 4.5m
Rest room - 3.05m x 3.8m -attached toilet It includes
Secretary seating - 1 person
Xerox/fax counter *Lobby
Pantry - 4.1m x 1.65m - attached toilet x 2
Workstation - 6.35m x 4.05m - 7 people *Pharmacy
Cabins x 3 - 2.4m x 2.2m - 2 persons
Common toilet - approached from corridor
Exec. Reception counter - 1 person *Sample collection room at each block
Exec. Waiting area - 13 person
Magazine rack *0% of the out patient department lies in this floor
Exec. Consul. Room - 3.2m x 4.5m - 1 doctor, 2 seater 1 bed
*Gynecology op

RADIOLOGY - DIAGNOSTIC STANDARDS in m sq *Emergency department

Reception (diagnostic) — Enquiry/Registration
Corridor - 2.4m wide — Queuing track
— Records
*Radiology department
Waiting - 16 seaters - facing courtyard
Exit — Sub-waiting”-126
Main Doorway - 1.8mx 2.1m - swings into diagnostic dept “General X-ray *This area has good patient flow and yet there is a lack of enough waiting areas.
Offset- 1.2m -since next to reception — Radiography room
counter — Control room *The size and type of services to be provided in pharmacy unit will depend upon the type of
Radiologist - 2.4m x 3.25m - 1doctor - 2 chairs — Change room drug distribution system used.
Report typing room - 4.5m x 3.95m - 5 person - window -2.4m — Sub-waiting -126
x1.38m “Special X-ray
CT scan - 6.35m x 5m - changing room - 1.5m x 1.35m — Radiography room *The number of patients to be served and extent of shared or purchased services
Console - 3.95m x 2.4m - window - 1.5m x 1.35m — Control room The pharmacy unit shall be located for convenient access staff control,and security.
Equip - 2.5m x 2.25m — Change room
X ray — Barium preparation
Room 1 - 5.9m x 4.15m — Sub-waiting -175
Room 2 - 5.45m x 4.15m “Ultrasound
Ultrasound — Ultrasound
Room 1 - 3.7m x 4.05m - 1 doctor, 2 chairs, 1 bed - window - — Change room
1.5m x 1.35m — Sub-waiting”-70
Room 2 - 3.85m x 3.6m - 1 doctor, 2 chairs, 1 bed “support
Common toilet - 1.85m x 2.05m — Dark rooms
Staff toilet - accessed from corridor — Film/Chemical store
Changing room x2 - 1.425mx 2.4m — Reporting
processing/printing - 2.45m x 3m — Archive/Record”-105
Sample collection- 4.8m x 4.1m
STANDARDS in m sq
"Entrance lobby
ENTRANCE — Trolley park
Waiting - 44 seating — General waiting
Visitors - 2 lift - 1.9m x 2m ww - Public utilities" 98
Reception - 5 seating "Reception
Pro room - 2.m x 2.4m — Enquiry counter
1 officer- 2 person — Registration counter
Back office - 5 person — Queuing tracks
Pharmacy — Records
Pick up 3 nos — Stafl’accommodation" 126
Cash 2 nos "Dispensary
Orders 1 — Issue counter
2 fridge — Queuing track
I.p / emergency counter - 2 person — Drugs store
Staff toilet — Staff accommodation" 126

DONE BY,

MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
 DONE BY,

MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
 The floors from two to five primarily consist of IP wards in them.
The corridor runs through the west-east and north-south directions that divide the IP wards into four different zones.
Three zones are meant for the patients while the other one is for the nurses and other workers.
The in-patient wards are categorized into a few variations such as,
The Single room
The Double room
The Suite room
Each of these floors also contain the dirty utility and the clean utility at the southern end of the corridor
It subsequently also holds a dumbwaiter that carries out all the vertical transportation of the laundry and other utilities through each floor

Total number of rooms

– 12 (each floors) Room size : 13.64 mq 12.24 mq
Toilet &
N0. of bed – 1 per room Shower : 3.9 mq 3.5 mq
N0. of toilet – 1 per room No. of doors : 2
N0. of shower – 1 per room Door 1 : 135 x 210 112 x 213
N0. of washbasin – 1 per room Door 2 : 80 x 210 75 x 211
N0. of cabinet – 1 per room No. of windows : 2
N0. of chairs – 2 per room Window 1 : 180 x 135
N0. of couch – 1 per room Window 2 : 60 x 135
N0. of table – 1 per room

Total number of rooms

– 2 (each floors) Room size : 27.72mq 19.32 mq
Toilet &
N0. of bed – 2 per room Shower : 4.2 mq 3.5 mq
N0. of toilet – 1 per room No. of doors : 2
N0. of shower – 1 per room Door 1 : 135 x 210 112 x 213
N0. of washbasin – 1 per room Door 2 : 80 x 210 75 x 211
N0. of cabinet – 3 per room No. of windows : 1
N0. of chairs – 0 per room Window 1 : 240 x 135
N0. of couch – 0 per room
N0. of table – 0 per room

Total number of rooms

– 2 (each floors) Room size : 28.4 mq 28.6 mq
Toilet &
N0. of bed – 1 per room Shower : 5.49 mq 3.5 mq
N0. of toilet – 1 per room No. of doors : 2
N0. of shower – 1 per room Door 1 : 135 x 210 112 x 213
N0. of washbasin – 1 per room Door 2 : 80 x 210 75 x 211
N0. of cabinet – 1 per room No. of windows : 3
N0. of chair – 1 per room Window 1 : 240 x 135
N0. of couch – 2 per room Window 2 : 120 x 135
N0. of table – 2 per room Window 2 : 60x 135

Nurse’s station: 440 x 440 Stairs: 390 x 570

Nurse’s Workroom: 440 x 300
Balcony:125 x 125
Nurse’s toilet: 100 x 155
Dirty utility area: 440 x 350
Clean utility area: 410 x 355
Pantry area: 325 x 155
Electrical panel room: 375 x 150
Visitors life area: 190 x 210 (2 lifts)
Corridor west – east: There is no general waiting area for the public visitors
Max: 240 The fire stairs are far away from the main blocks, which cannot be easily accessed
Min: 180 There is no admin area in the In-patient wards
Corridor north – south: 180 Stairs: 300 x 570 There are no common toilets for general visitors
Service lift area: 300 x 180 The total number of beds per floor is 18
Patient/staff life area: 300 x 220 The width of the corridor doesn't remain the same
(20 person) The spaces are cluttered because of the renovations that modified and added to the spaces of the hospital twice

DONE BY,

MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY

SIDHARATH BENOI NISHITHA
SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P
JAYAVARMA NAWFAL NAYEEM
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
RAGAVENDRA KIRAN
JAYAVARMA J APARNARANDEEP
K K
K APARNA
RANDEEP K SAI SRISIDDARTH
HARSHA BENOI
Fifth Floor Fifth Floor
Standards Case Study
Helipad , AHU, nursing IP Wards
school, laboratories
2,3,4 Floor
2,3,4 Floor
Standards Case Study
wards IP Wards

First Floor

First Floor
Standards Case Study
Stair & Vertical core Surgical area ,CSSD, Surgical area, intensive
Ground Floor
intensive care, maternity, care, maternity ward
children hospital
Electrical Duct

Fire Duct Ground Floor

Basement Floor
Medical Gas Standards
Entrance ,radiology,
Chimney Chute medical services,
ambulance, entrance for
bedridden patients,
emergency ward,
SERVICE CORES VERTICAL ANALYSIS information,
administration, cafeteria
Case Study
Entrance, radiology,
medical services,
ambulance, emergency
ward, administration, OPD,
pediatrics,
Stair & Vertical core
Sterile Store DW

Basement Floor Dirty Utility DW

Standards Case Study
Stores, physiotherapy, Stores, physiotherapy, kitchen,
kitchen, HVAC, radio- electric room, dining,
Fifth Floor therapy, electric room. mortuary, CSSD, laundry

FUNCTIONAL AREAS VERTICAL CONNECTION

2,3,4 Floor

INFERENCES IP WARDS
First Floor
• The ducts are placed mostly along the corridor and few ducts pass through other IP WARDS
departments and reception area.
• There are 6 lifts connecting all floors and 1 lift connecting emergency dept to
operation theatre IP WARDS
• Out of the 6 vertical core 2 are for doctors and service, 3 for patient, 1 as fire
Ground Floor
Water Duct stairs. IP WARDS
• There are two dumb waiters present. One connects the CSSD to operation
Visitors Toilet theatre and the other connects all floor for dirty utility.
• The site is slightly sloped creating basement entry for services and ground floor OPERATION THEATRE OBSTERICS DEPT
accommodating main entrance.
Basement Floor Department Toilet
• The basement floor is service core , ground and first floor are active floors while EMERGENCY UNIT OPD
the remaining accommodates IP ward.
GL
WATER SUPPLY AND WASHROOM VERTICAL ANALYSIS SECTIONAL DIAGRAM AND INFERENCES CSSD PHARMACY STORE

GL

DONE BY,

MIMS KOTTAKKAL - CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA

SAI SRI HARSHA
MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K
P NISHITHA
NISHITHA
NAWFAL NAYEEM P
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA
JAYAVARMA J K NAWFAL
RANDEEP K NAYEEM
SIDDARTH BENOI K
RANDEEP
JAYAVARMA
K APARNA J
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
Literature case study 1 - St Olav Hospital in Trondheim, Norway
Architect - Nordic office of architects
Location - Tondheim, Norway
Project year - 2013
Category - Hospital
First hospital building in northern europe built to passive house
standard. On average energy consumption will be reduced to 75%
compared to exsisting health buildings. This reduction equals the
annual energy usage of 100 private houses
The building includes hospital services such as outpatient
skin clinic, treatment for complex disorders, laboratories, offices,
18 isolated bedposts and E5 ward, as well as library, student study
rooms, auditoriums (160 seats and 380 seats), canteen and restau-
rant.
The main building structure is
wrapped around the primary place of
sharing knowledge; the egg-shaped
MA
auditorium. The building form cre-
JOR
ates intimate outside spaces in the
S
courtyard in addition to the more
LEC
open public realm surrounding the
OUT PATIENT CLINIC
TU
Centre. Services most accessible to
RE
the public, such as the canteen and
library, are located towards the south
entrance, and open up towards Olav
Kyrre’s square. On the ground level a
visual relationship is established be-
FOYER
tween the square and the inner court-
yard with its auditorium.
PHARMACY
All features and spaces, such as auditori-
ums, university areas, outpatient clinics and
roof gardens, are accessible for all by stairs
and elevators. Contrast colours and lead
lines are integrated into the architecture,
controlled by a concept based on an easy
understanding of the centre.
OFFICE
OFFICE
LITERATURE CASE STUDY
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII
The facades are held together by a ‘skeleton’ with
a dynamic structure that allows for flexible placement Open design drainage is easy to clean and meanwhile
of windows fit to cater for the diverse functions inside presents an important facade element. The local loose san-
the Centre. The skeleton has a rhythmical pattern with dy soil is conducive to the natural infiltration of rain as
wider gaps on the outer facade than in the courtyard, well
reflecting the idea that the building is being stretched Buildings are mostly designed with the open veranda
on the outside and compressed around the auditorium. of two sides entrances, forming good natural convection
The dynamic facade and patterned screens lightens the and improving the physical experience of people inside
expression of the building and makes it appear more
open and inclusive than the surrounding hospital cen-
tres.
OFFICE
Literature case study 3 - The Sief hospital, Israel
LAB
LIBRARY
OUTPATIENT
CLINIC LIBRARY
Architect - Weinstein vaadia
architects
READING ROOM
Location - Tsfat-Israel
STORE
ROOM Capacity - 170 Beds
FOYER
TECHNICAL ROOM Site area - 4 acres
TECHNICAL
ROOM TECHNICAL ROOM
Here the architects perceived the location of the
hospital as an opportunity to design a building that can
Literature case study 2 - General hospital, Niger benefit from the unique therapeutic qualities that only
contact with nature
The project was shaped by two primary aims: clar-
ity, simplicity, and quality of environment
A building that is easy to understand conveys calm
and peacefulness.The patient’s rooms are arranged in a
logical sequence along the main public area to create a
clear and simple hierarchy for the users
The variety of views and their relationship to the
various activities of the hospital offer therapeutic bene-
fits. Working environment filled with natural light and a
sense of space
Easy access to all the spaces, Function of sheltering, Good
The public spaces of the building are open
ventilation, without using air conditioners and energy saving
inwards onto peaceful, internal landscaped
In order to avoid direct sunlight, a number of external compo- court, affording privacy and relaxation
nents are designed. the gaps between the shading panels and the walls
from air microcirculation around the windows, which is conducive to
carry off the surrounding heat
All the roofs are designed with thermal insulating layers, which
Working environment filled with natural
are prefabricated concrete panels to reduce the heat transmission
light and a sense of space.
Muslim worship halls scattered in the design. Meanwhile, these
worship halls can be transformed to temporary camping sites for pa-
tients and their families
Corridors connect various blocks of the hospital. The pillars of the
corridor are widened to provide a large sunshide area
The patient’s rooms are oriented outwards,
Under prennial high temperature and illumination intensity, opening to views of mountains, cliffs and
erosion of the building exterior wall would be serious. Local tradi- valleys.
tional process “Tryol” style exterior wall is adopted in the exterior
wall design. The typical construction method is to manually spray the
mixture, which is composed of the local river sand and white cement
/ water under a specific ratio, on the exterior wall surface. This kind
of material not only achieves low construction cost, but also has high
durability under hot and dry weather with easy maintenance
DONE BY,
SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P
MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
 Literature case study 4 - Butaro Hospital, Rwanda Literature case study 5 - Friendship Hospital Satkhira Literature case study 6 - Kohinoor hospital
Architect - Kashef Chowdary/URBANA
Location - Shyamnagar upazila, Bangladesh
Area - 3387 metre square
Year - 2018
Friendship hospital is a project where the blending of the nature
and people are more focussed such that the hospital and nature help in
the process of cleaning the mind and improving the recovery rate. The
pleasant structure the waterbody the abundant lighting filling corridor
also help the doctors and nurses to a level such that they minimize
there hectic schedules and stress
Inspired by a powerful abstraction of the riverine Bengal land-
scape, the campus blends with the surroundings. The building layout
Architect - Mass design group is efficient and the architecture rational. A series of courtyards bring in
In 2007, Burea was one of the last two natural ventilation towards, while air-conditioned spaces such as oper-
Location - Burera, Rwanda ating rooms are placed in areas in the wind shadow. The penetration of
districts in rwanda without a teritary care
Area - 6040 metre square hospital leaving a population of 340,000 direct and reflected sunlight into all wards and consulting rooms was
Year - 2011 without access to a single doctor studied in detail
Capacity - 140 beds
• Due to crowded corridors and insufficient ventilation, patients and healthcare providers were
often subjected to the high risk of contracting airborne diseases inside health facilities, par-
In the initial stages, the need to separate inpatient
ticularly in rural areas.
and outpatient departments divided the linear site into sepa-
• The Butaro District Hospital is designed to mitigate and reduce the transmission of airborne
rate areas. Access control at various points was increasingly
disease through various systems, including overall layout, patient and staff flow, and natural
becoming an overriding factor for what was otherwise de-
ventilation, providing a template and approach that could be replicated in areas of high risk
signed to be a campus of interconnected courtyards Features
for TB transmission and other airborne diseases in resource-limited settings
• The Hospital is a 227,000 Sq.ft. with 150 bed health care facility with 2 basements, ground+5 sto-
The solution had to be an access barrier but one
rey structure.
24 feet Dia fan which would retain visual continuity. Hence a canal was in-
• A multi-specialty hospital which is implementing a range of energy efficient measures to reduce en-
troduced, which traverses the site controlling access while
Cross ventilation ergy consumption, decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and improving the quality of patient care.
collecting rainwater and animating an internal landscape. At
• More than 40% of all the materials used is recycled.
either end are two large tanks, which hold the harvested wa-
Volcanic rock • Overhead tanks foundation - reused scrap material.
ter – a valuable resource in an area where the saline ground-
• Salvaged wood - reused for making frames by conserving trees.
water is unusable for most practical purposes.
• They have given emphasis on natural lights in all the patient areas, which reduces the consumption
of electricity.
The hospital is situated in a predominantly rural
• The large windows and open sky light keeps the area cool and ventilated along with incoming natu-
area that had been heavily affected by a major cyclone just
ral light.
a few years ago. In this natural, nature-ravaged landscape,
• The waste water from various zones are treated using disinfectants at the Sewage Treatment Plant.
thinly marked with low-rise structures and thatched houses,
• and are then reused for flushing, cooling air conditioning towers, DG sets and for horticulture by
a local philanthropist donated land for Friendship to build an
conserving 40% of the water.
To reduce infection eighty-bed hospital
through patient flow all • Also they have installed dual flushes and urinal sensors in place to control water flow.
corridors were externally • Installed state-of-the-art Demand Control Ventilation and Variable Air Volume systems to keep
connected externally in indoor air quality in check. It uses sensors to monitor the quality of air and keep it fresh.
open areas • To prevent Urban Heat Island Effect, where a particular area becomes hotter than its surroundings,
Corridors were placed outisde to solar energy pavers and panels are used.
each department Exterior corridors
• Advanced internal and external electrical systems to automatically adjust the lighting levels needed
• All hallways in the hospital are located along the building’s exterior so that patients and staff during the day and at night. Uses Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers as a measure against electrocu-
can move throughout the hospital in open-air tion.
• Inside, the hospital wards are inverted from the typical perimeter layout, giving each patient • Emergencies services - public address system, fire hydrant system, fire alarm system along with
a large window with a view of the Rwandan landscape and increasing natural light and ven- smoke detectors, heat detectors and sprinklers, also a emergency lighting for all exit signs and on
tilation escape routes.
• Cross-ventilation is supported through the use of high-volume, low-speed fans, louvers, large
operable windows, and high ceilings to circulate air comfortably and reduce the risk of rein-
fection among the patients. HVAC
• In each ward, Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UGVI) light fixtures were installed to deac- HVAC Design includes the chilled water plants, these generally consists of energy efficient screw
tivate microbes as air is drawn upward, further lowering the risk of nosocomialinfection and chillers.
disease transmission • Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) driven chillers
• In addition, a non-permeable, continuous floor finish provides an easy to clean and durable • Inference
• Multiple primary chilled water pumps
surface that is resistant to infection • The water body and pleasant structure helps in improving
• Secondary chilled water pumps with variable frequency drives.
• Local materials—such as the volcanic rock from the Virunga mountain chain—and inten- the mental state of staff and patients.
• Condensing water pumps
tionally labor-intensive practices delivered site-appropriate and sustainable design, reduced • The long pathways may pose a negative impact on the de-
• Fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) cooling towers
embodied carbon of the project, and ensured that 85 percent of the costs of building were sign.
• VFD driven double skin air handling units with thermal break and variable frequency drive.
invested into the local economy • The access points are narrow and the building due to its
• Fan coil units, chilled and condensing water piping, air distribution system, insulation, electrical pan-
• The careful coordination of design and construction resulted in a saving of over 30 percent low budget the spaces are of minimum standard
els, wiring, control wiring and earthing.
compared to other hospitals currently built in Rwanda
DONE BY,

LITERATURE CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI

Airborne infection prevention
Due to crowded corridors and insufficient ventilation, patients and healthcare providers were
often subjected to the high risk of contracting airborne diseases inside health facilities
It is crucial that healthcare systems work together with architecture and design teams to create
facilities that are not only sustainable and aesthetically pleasing, but also maximize infection control,
particularly airborne infection control
Here are the design strategies that will help limit the spread of disease indoors
• More spacious waiting rooms, lobbies, hallways and stairs should be
designed to support social distancing of three feet
• Corridor and lobby design considerations should be reviewed to ac-
comodate sufficient space between wheel chairs, crouches, trolleys
and beds while passing through the corridors
• Nooks and small seating areas should be removed from corridor de-
sign to prevent gathering and allow for more spacious interactions
• We need to avoid closed-end lobbies, waiting areas, double bank corridors and other spaces de-
signed with little or no airflow
• Ventilation is very critical in mitigating nosocomial and other infectious diseases, Adequate cross
ventilation in healthcare facilities is necessary.
• Corridors should have open-end to ensure appropriate ventilation rate as much as possible, corri-
dors or hallways with a closed end should be avoided.
• We need to provide an upper ventilation window on the dividing wall in the hallway and ventila-
tion louver on the doorstop to lessen hot air circulation.
• By integrating courtyard designs to establish a cohe-
sive ventilation passage
• By providing more natural ventilation and sunlight
can improve airflow and reduce dependence on ven-
tilation systems
• We should use Copper-infused or plated materials for frequently
touched surfaces such as staircase handrails, balcony rails, bed rails
cause virus only survives for four hours on copper surface
• Design and situate sinks to enhance ease of cleaning and to prevent
waste spilling to sensitive care areas
• Plaster with a mixture of de-coagulant in cement screed or high solidity and smoothness. Apply POP
screed after plastering with cement to enhance smoothness and eliminate tiny voids on the wall sur-
face
• We should minimize the use of covering materials such as special paints, textured paints with fine
sand on walls
• We need to increase isolation room capacity to control airborne infectious disease and preventing
transmission to patients and healthcare staff
CASE STUDY
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII
• Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UGVI) light fixtures should be installed to deactivate microbes • Stairs for exiting should be designed as smokeproof enclosures,
as air is drawn upward usually requiring a pressurized stair shaft
• By installing contactless payment kiosks in parking structures, receptions, canteens and lots • An FCC is required for all high-rise buildings and must be at least
200sf with minimum widths of 10’ in any direction. The location
of the FCC must be approved by the local fire official
Communication systems for an
emergency are required in all high
rise buidings
1. Systems for Smoke Detection
2. Voice Alarm
3. Emergency Radio
4. System for Fire Department Com-
• Entrance doors and curtains to hospitals and public spaces with high traffic should be designed munication
with sensors to enhance automatic opening and closing. This will drastically reduce contact with
the doorknob and hence prevent transmission and multiple entrance into public spaces should be
minimized
• Sinks with motion sensors also to eliminate some kinds of possibilities of transmission of air- Stuctural system
borne infections
High rise building requirements
• The length/ breadth ratio should not be greater than 5.0. In case of ‘L’ shaped building each arm shall
be treated as a separate entity
• Maximum area of opening in a floor plan shall not exceed 30% of plan area
• The minimum width of floor slab along any section after deducting of openings shall not be less than
5m and the minimum width of the slab beyond an opening to edge of slab shall not be less than 2m
• Materials
1. Concrete - Minimum M-30 grade and Maximum M-70 grade
2. Minimum grade of reinforcement steel shall be Fe 500 (D).
• Thickness of structural wall shall not be less than 160 mm or h/20 whichever is larger
The growth in vertical healthcare environments coincides with trends in healthcare and • Embedded depth shall be at least 1/15 of height of building for raft foundation and 1/20 of height of
advances in the design industry building for pile and piled raft foundation
The primary drivers of this trend to tall healthcare environments are:
• Improvements in high speed elevator technology and quality of the elevator ride
• Increase in outpatient treatment leading to the need to co-locate the inpatient and the outpatient
functions in proximity and efficient use by hospital staff to run all functions in a single structure
• The desire to mitigate rising real estate costs for healthcare institutions located in urban centers
Requirements:
• Spaces for vertical transportations need to be well programmed and
fast moving energy efficient elevators need to be provided
• The approach to building and open spaces on all sides shall be of minimum 6m width
• Huge open spaces around the buildings need to provided and • Width of main entrance shall not be less than 5m in any case cause fire engine should have easy access
minimum 7 meters wide hard leveled motor able open to sky • If archway is provided over main entrance bottom of archway shall not be at a height less than 4m
drive-way shall be provided
• Sprinkler control valves with supervisory initiating devices,
and water flow initiating devices should be provided on each ABC HOSPITAL
floor and automatic sprinkler system should be provided
• Corridor wall and ceilings should be effective and designed in
such a way to limit the transfer of smoke
> 400cm
• High-rise buildings must have a minimum of two fire-service
entrance elevators and include a minimum 150sf elevator lobby
and a direct connection to a stairway with a fire hydrant
• Self closing doors should be installed in all fire exits
• Seperate exhaust ductings should be provided in kitchen and
cafeterias > 500cm
• All kind of fire extingusishers need to be provided
• A stand by electric generator shall be installed and a electric area should be there on every floor to
• There must be atleast two exit stairways separated by a distance greater supply power to staircase and corridor lighting circuits, lifts, fire detection system, fire pumps, pressur-
than 30’ or at least one-fourth of the maximum overall dimension of the
ization fans and blowers,exit signs, smoke extraction system, in case of failure of normal electric supply.
served area The generator shall be capable of taking starting current of all the machines andcircuits stated above
• A design pattern must be provided in exit enclosures for all areas, in-
simultaneously
cluding steps, landings, perimeter separation lines, railings, exit doors,
and hardware
DONE BY,
SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P
MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI
Post covid preparation capability Natural ventilation system
Illustrated airflow direction for four scenarios: (A) the door to the corridor is open, while the door/
windows to outdoor are closed; (B) the door to the corridor is closed, while the door/ windows to outdoor
are opened; (C) all the openings are open, and the wind direction is from the corridor to the ward, and (D)
Right now our hospitals are overrun with patients due • It is better to put up an open waiting area like courtyard all the openings are open and the wind direction is from the ward to the corridor
to covid outbreak. By redesigning spaces we need to ensure • Using vegetation in places of excreting and waiting rooms
the safety of the patients and the well being of our doctors and • By creating open spaces to corridors in between blocks
nurses • Provision of highroofs feels more spacious and provides more ventilation
• Natural ventilation can be increased by providing more amount of openings in wards
• Sanitorium is an idea of having an open space for patients in back of the hospital
• we need to redefine space standards in consideration
of soocial distancing by three feet away from each
other
• By increasing hand washing spaces and installing
sinks with motion sensors reduce thhe transmission
of infection

• By converting waiiting areas into cubicles

helps to reduce the transmission of infec-
tion and patients feel secured themselves
when we provide private waiting area
• Spread of infection can be reduced by providing automatic doors,
providing isolation rooms in a seperate divison of hospital and
sanitizing stations frequently and providing proper instructions
boards to spread awarness
• Using these signage boards we can create colour coded isolation/
waiting areas to seperate normal outpatients with covid patients
• Inwards should become spacious to create possitive effect in patients mind
• In isolation rooms glassed openings should be increased to interact themselves with outside world
• Garbagee ports should be installed, these slots help the infectiouus waste directly fall in one place
which will be dealt seperately
• A device should be placed in every room in the case where the patient dont need staff’s presence for
a problem
• In patient’s rooms ventilation must be provided in a way that the
air particles must be dealt with a filter
• Single patient rooms must be designed with antechambers and
specialized airflow precautions, it prevent the contaminated air
from spreading into the rest of the hospital
• Rooms must be fully sealed to ensure negative pressure ( pre-
venting room air from entering the hallway) and safely exhaust
contaminated air
• Offices should be in closed quaters and away from all the functional areas this is to avoid unneccesary
contacts with the other staff and patients
• Telehealth rooms should have a setup where they could conduct online sessions
• Ensure staff rooms has daylighting or connection to the exterior
• Introduce the idea of a care team lounge early in the design conversation.The lounge should be well
integrated into the healthcare project—be it a renovation or new facility. Take a lead from universities
and workplace and view the lounge as a tool for recruitment and retention
Private areas
• The cost of the natural ventilation is less than mechanical
ventilation, there fore this system is the best solution to
design health care with limited budget
• Use solar panels to pre heating the outside air to provide
for air handing unit and exhaust indoor air
• Reliability of natural ventilation was a real issue. The idea
of hybrid design mmakes the reliabilty not an issue any
longer.
• Use the solar collector preheat the outside air to provide
air handing unit and exhaust indoor air
• When natural ventilation alone cannot satisfy the require-
ments, mechanically assisted natural ventilation system
should be used
• We need to avoid closed-end lobbies, waiting areas, double bank corridors and other
spaces designed with little or no airflow and Corridors should have open-end to ensure
appropriate ventilation rate as much as possible,
• One sided corridor types - where wind flows either from ward to corridor/ corridor to
ward should be constructed
Example from Hongkong post pandemic hospital
Located in the Hong Kong Island, both a TB hospital GH and an outpatient clinic
SYP withnaturally ventilated wards were selected for the study. Hospital GH, the only one
existingnaturally ventilated TB hospital in Hong Kong, is located on a hillside surrounded
by greenenvironments. Various design alternations were done since then to cater for the hot
and humid summer, e.g. installing spot air cooling when needed. There were exhaust fans in-
stalled in the doorway between the corridor and the ward, between the ward and the balcony,
and also between the toilet and the ambient. One exhaust fan between the corridor and the
ward was installed above the doorway and two exhaust fans were installed at the top of the
windows to exhaust air from the ward to the outdoor. Outpatient clinic SYP is located in the
Western District of Hong Kong Island surrounded by high buildings. The outpatient clinic
includes consultation rooms and a waiting area. Each consultation room has exterior windows
and a door connected to the corridor. A window air conditioner was installed in the windows
in each consultation room. They measured the waiting area and a consultation room

• Entry into the patient room

will have an information
board out side if a doctor
wantsto check on their status.
• A separate paint to the door
that indicates thisis a infec-
tious room. It helps people
notice.
• A hand sanitizer is necessary
• Exit contains a waste dispos-
al so they can drop the Gear
they wore while they entered
into the room.
• This helps to avoid carrying
the infection outside
• A hand sanitizer is necessary
• Access and storage for the
pandemic patients should
contain instructs about how
they procedure must be fol-
lowed for materials

DONE BY,

CASE STUDY SAI SRI HARSHA NISHITHA P

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN & FIELD TRIP - VII MODEM RAGHAVENDRA K NAWFAL NAYEEM
JAYAVARMA J RANDEEP K
K APARNA SIDDARTH BENOI