FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA

CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA DE GESTIÓN MINERA

CURSO: MECÁNICA DE ROCAS

CÓDIGO : GM69

PROFESOR: HUMBERTO IVÁN PEHOVAZ ALVAREZ

12/03/2020 UPC Ingeniería de Gestión Minera Humberto Iván Pehovaz Alvarez

 CONSIDERACIONES
GEOMECÁNICAS PARA MÉTODOS
DE MINADO SUBTERRANEOS
EVALUACIÓN DE LAS CONDICIONES DEL
MACIZO ROCOSO PARA DETERMINAR LA
DILUCIÓN DE LAS CAJAS
 TAJEO POR SUBNIVELES:
DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE TAJEOS
MÉTODO GRÁFICO DE ESTABILIDAD

Source:
Mathews et
al. (1981)
RADIO HIDRAULICO:
NÚMERO DE ESTABILIDAD:
N'  Q' x A x B x C

N is the Stability number

Q' Modified Tunneling Quality

Index (NGI)
A Stress factor
B Joint orientation factor
C Gravity factor
NGI Tunneling Index Q:
Q is the NGI tunnelling index
RQD Rock Quality Designation
Jr
Jw
is the Joint roughness number
is the Joint water reduction number
Q´
Jn is the Joint set number
Ja is the Joint alteration number
SRF is the Stress Reduction factor

RQD Jr J
RQD Jr J w
Q x x w Q'  x x
J J SRF J J 1
n a n a
Factor A: The Stress Factor
Factor B: The Joint Orientation Factor:
Factor C: The Gravity Factor (Backs and Hanging Walls)
Stability Graph

Source:

Point 1 Mathews

Point 2 (1981)

For a 20m high stope

HR = 3 L = 8.5m
HR = 9 L = 180m
Source: Potvin (1988)

Source: Nickson (1993) Nickson (1993)

Potvin(1988)
Hutchinson and Diedrichs (1996)
Exercise #5
Find the “Factor B” for the flat stope back assuming
the following critical joint sets (Factor B chart
repeated on next slide):
(dip/dip direction)
a) 0˚/167˚
b) 20˚/90˚
c) 20˚/180˚
d) 60˚/90˚
Factor B Chart
Exercise #6
Find the “Factor B” for the (east-west) hangingwall,
assuming the following critical joint sets :
(dip/dip direction)
a) 0˚/167˚
b) 80˚/180˚
c) 90˚/90˚
d) 70˚/0˚
e) 70˚/300˚

70˚
Factor B Chart
Exercise #7

Find the “Factor C” for the (east-

west) hanging wall, footwall and
back of the stope, assuming the
following critical joint sets :

(dip/dip direction)
90˚/90˚
70˚/180˚
60˚/0˚

70˚
Exercise #7
Factor C: Footwall
Hangingwall

Back
Exercise #8
Assess the stability of a stope hangingwall and
stope back that have the following parameters:
Hangingwall Back
• Q’ 20 10
• Factor A 1 0.1
• Factor B 0.3 1
• Factor C 8 2
• Dimensions 90m x 60m 60m x 15m
Stability Graph (Exercise #8)

Hanging wall

Back
 Exercise #9
Assess the stability of a flat stope back and a hanging wall
striking N-S with a dip of 80 ˚ towards the east, that have
the following parameters:
Stope Back Stope Hangingwall
• Q’ = 4 • Q’ = 10
• Induced stress = 65 MPa • Induced stress = 20 MPa
• Comp. strength = 150 MPa • Comp. Strength = 140 MPa
• Critical joint dip/dip direct. = • Critical joint dip/dip direct:
0˚/ 145 ˚
80 ˚/270 ˚
• Dimension 10m x 90m • Dimension 90m x 90m
Stability Graph (Exercise #9)

Hanging wall

Back
Exercise #12
Assess the stability of the proposed flat stope
back, which will be 40m long by 30m wide and in
the following rockmass conditions:
• RQD = 60
• Number of joint sets: 2 + random
• Joint surface: smooth, planar, unaltered
• UCS: 125 MPa
• Induced stress: 25 MPa
• UCS:125 MPa
• Critical joint: Flat dipping
Suggest a cable bolt pattern, if required
Exercise #12
Exercise #12
Clark (1998)
Source: Clark and
Pakalnis (1997)
EJEMPLO: TAJEO LONGITUDINAL.
Caracterización geomecánica:
• Un RMR = 45% equivale a Q’= 1.1. El factor A =1 indica relajamiento
de las cajas debido a la excavación. El factor B tiene un valor de 0.3,
debido a que las estructuras principales son paralelas a la caja techo y
la diferencia en buzamiento es aproximadamente cero. El factor C = 5
debido a que hay falla gravitatoria.
EJEMPLO 2:
RMR: 45-50
RETROANÁLISIS DE TAJEOS
ELOS:
ANCHO DEL TAJEO:
 MUCHAS GRACIAS POR SU AMABLE ATENCIÓN

UPC Ingeniería de Gestión Minera

12/03/2020 Pehovaz Alvarez, Humberto Iván