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Refresher Module– Mathematics (Advance Math and Numerical Methods)

The Fourier Series

6. Determine the Mclaurin Series of cos 𝑥
Let f(x) be defined in the interval (-L,L) and determined outside of
this interval
f(x+2L)=f(x), assume that f(x) has the period 2L. The Fourier Series 𝑥2 𝑥4
expression corresponding to f(x) a. 1 − + − +⋯
2! 4!
𝑎0 ∞ 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = +∑ (𝑎𝑛 cos + 𝑏𝑛 sin ) 𝑥2 𝑥3
2 𝑛=1 𝐿 𝐿 b. 1 + − +⋯
𝑐+2𝐿 𝑐+2𝐿 2! 3!
1 𝑛𝜋𝑥 1 𝑛𝜋𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥3
𝑎𝑛 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) cos 𝑑𝑥 𝑏𝑛 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) sin 𝑑𝑥 c. 1 + 𝑥 + + +⋯
𝐿 𝑐 𝐿 𝐿 𝑐 𝐿 2! 3!
𝑥2 𝑥3
d. + +⋯
2! 3!
1. Determine the corresponding fourier series expansion of
0 −5 < 𝑥 < 0
𝑓(𝑥) = { } 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 = 10
3 0<𝑥<5
1 6 𝜋𝑥
a. + (sin + sin
1 3𝜋𝑥 1
+ sin
5𝜋𝑥
+ ⋯ +)
Numerical Methods:
2 𝜋 2 3 5 5 6
Newtons’s Divided Difference Interpolating Polynomial
𝜋𝑥 1 3𝜋𝑥 1 5𝜋𝑥
b. (sin + sin + sin + ⋯ +)
5 3 5 5 5
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓0 + (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )𝑓1 + (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )𝑓 2
c.
3 6 𝜋𝑥 1
+ (sin + sin
3𝜋𝑥 1
+ sin
5𝜋𝑥
+ ⋯ +) + (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 )𝑓 3 …
2 𝜋 5 3 5 5 5
Gregory Newton Interpolating Polynomial
4 𝜋𝑥 1 3𝜋𝑥 1 5𝜋𝑥
d. (sin + sin + sin + ⋯ +)
𝜋 5 3 5 5 5
𝑠(𝑠 − 1) 2 𝑠(𝑠 − 1)(𝑠 − 2) 3
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓0 + 𝑠∆𝑓0 + ∆ 𝑓0 + ∆ 𝑓0 + ⋯
2. Which of the following is the Fourier expansion of 2! 3!
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 , 0 < 𝑥 < 2𝜋

4 4𝜋
a. ∑∞
𝑛=1 ( 2 cos 𝑛𝑥 − sin 𝑛𝑥)
𝑛 𝑛
7. For the data as shown, determine the value of f(5) by fitting a
4𝜋 2 4 4𝜋
b. + ∑∞
𝑛=1 ( 2 cos 𝑛𝑥 − sin 𝑛𝑥) polynomial of third degree.
3 𝑛 𝑛
x F(x)
4𝜋 2
+ ∑∞
2 𝜋 1.5 11.0625
c.
3 𝑛=1 ( 𝑛2
cos 𝑛𝑥 − sin 𝑛𝑥)
𝑛
2 19.5
5𝜋 2 4 4𝜋 2.5 33.9375
d. + ∑∞
𝑛=1 ( 2 cos 𝑛𝑥 − sin 𝑛𝑥)
3 𝑛 𝑛 3 56.25

3. Which of the following is the period of Fourier Expansion.

a. 261.75 b. 200.32 c. 180.25 d. 140.75
4 𝜋𝑥 1 2𝜋𝑥 1 3𝜋𝑥
(sin − sin + sin − ⋯)
𝜋 2 2 2 3 2

Numerical Differentiation
a. 4 b. 5 c. 2 d. 3
𝑑𝑦 1 1 1 1
= [∆𝑓0 − ∆2 𝑓0 + ∆3 𝑓0 − ∆4 𝑓0 + ⋯ ]
CE Board May 2016 𝑑𝑥 ℎ 2 3 4
4. Which of the following is the frequency of Fourier Expansion.
8. A certain data from an observation of the temperature of the object
f(t) = 5 cos (20πt) + 2 cos (40πt) + cos (80πt)
is as shown below.
Time (x) min Temperature (y) °C
a. 10 b. 20 c. 30 d. 40
1.2 67.376
TAYLOR SERIES 1.3 66.890
∞
𝒇𝒏 (𝒙𝟎 )(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟎 )𝒏 1.4 66.424
𝒇(𝒙) = ∑ 1.5 65.976
𝒏!
𝟎
1.6 65.546
Mclaurin Series
Let x0=0
∞
𝑓 𝑛 (0)(𝑥)𝑛 Determine the instantaneous rate of change of Temperature at
𝑓(𝑥) = ∑ x=1.2min
𝑛!
0
5. Determine the Mclaurin Series of 𝑒 𝑥 a. -6.65°C/min c. -8.65°C/min
𝑥2 𝑥4 b.-4.96°C/min d. 1.25°C/min
a. 1 + 𝑥 + + +⋯
2! 3!
𝑥2 𝑥3
b. 1 + + + ⋯
2! 3!
𝑥2 𝑥3
c. 1 + 𝑥 + + + ⋯
2! 3!
𝑥2 𝑥3
d. + + ⋯
2! 3!
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(032) 254-9967 (Cebu)

15. The intensity of the sound at any point in space in decibels is

Numerical Integration given by the scalar function 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2. Determine
Newton-Cotes Quadrature Formula the rate of change of the sound intensity at P( 2,1,3) in the direction
of 〈1 0 −2〉. Assume coordinate in meters.
Simpsons 1/3 rule a. -1.789dB/m c. -6.35dB/m
𝑏
ℎ b. -8.25dB/m d. -3.25 dB/m
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑓 + 4𝑓2 + 𝑓3 ) + 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
𝑎 3 1

Simpsons 3/8 rule CE Board May 2022

𝑏
3 The temperature in a rectangular box is approximated by
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑓1 + 3𝑓2 + 3𝑓3 + 𝑓4 ) + 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 𝑇(𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) = 𝑥𝑦𝑧(1 − 𝑥)(2 − 𝑦)(3 − 𝑧).
8
𝑎 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1.0, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2.0, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 2.0. If the mosquito is located at
Boole’s Rule (1/2, 1,1).
𝑏
2
∫ 𝑓(𝑥) = (7𝑓1 + 32𝑓2 + 12𝑓3 + 32𝑓4 + 7𝑓5 ) + 𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟
𝑎 45 16. In which direction should it fly, to burn and end its life as soon as
possible.
a. <0 0 0.25> c. <1 0 0.25>
Situation 1 b. <0 0 0.35> d. <1 0 0.35>
The table below shows the velocity of a certain particle that travels
along a straight path.
Time (sec) Velocity (m/s) 17.In which direction should it fly, to cool off as rapidly as possible.
0 0 a. <0 0 -0.25> c. <1 0 0.25>
b. <0 0 0.35> d. <1 0 -0.35>
1 0.2
2 3
3 13.2
4 38

9. Determine the displacement after 2 sec using Simpsons 1/3 rule.

a. 3.26m b. 1.28m c. 2.65m d.9.89m

10. Determine the displacement after 3 sec using Simpsons 3/8 rule.
a. 8.55m b. 1.24m c. 2.63m d.12.5m

11. Determine the displacement after 3 sec using Boole’s rule.

a. 4.32m b. 8.25m c. 12.65m d.32.48m

Vector Calculus:

Scalar Field and Vector Field

Work done by variable force

̅̅̅
𝑊 = ∫ ̅𝐹̅̅̅∙ 𝑑𝑠

12. An object moves along the parabolic path 𝑦 = 0.5𝑥 2 from the
origin to point (2,2) under the action of the force 𝐹̅ = 5𝑦𝑖 + 10𝑥𝑗.
Calculate the work done.
a. 12.65 J b. 36.25 J c. 25.32 J d. 33.3 J

CE Board Nov 2009

Situation 2
Find the work done in moving a particle in a force field given by
𝐹 = 3𝑦𝑖 + 2𝑥𝑗 + 4𝑧𝑘
from (0,0,0) to (1,1,1) along the following path.
13.. The line segment 𝑟 = 𝑡𝑖 + 𝑡𝑗 + 𝑡𝑘 where 0 < 𝑡 < 1.
a. 4.5 b. 1.25 c. 6.5 d. 2.5

14. The curve 𝑟 = 𝑡𝑖 + 𝑡 2 𝑗 + 𝑡 4 𝑘

a. 3.5 b. 1.85 c. 2.65 d. 4.33

Directional Derivative of Scalar Function

𝑑𝑓
= ∇∅ ∙ 𝜆
𝑑𝑠