Technical Graphics Review 2020

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN TECHNCIAL GRAPHICS 364/19/CR/0
ZIMBABWE
MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION, INNOVATION, SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
(HEXCO)
2019
REGULATIONS AND SYLLABUS
FOR
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
IN
TECHNICAL GRAPHICS
COURSE CODE:364/19/CR/0
IMPLEMENTATION DATE: JANUARY 2020

PREAMBLE
The course is designed to develop a Draughtsperson with knowledge, skills and attitudes to
competently practice Technical Graphics in the Mechanical Engineering industry. The total
duration of the course is 1450 notional hours spread over a period of two (2) years and one (1)
year On the Job Education and Training (OJET). The minimum entry requirement in this course
is English Language, a relevant Science subject and Mathematics passed at Ordinary Level with
grade C or better and any other two subjects or National Foundation Certificate (NFC) subjects
or equivalent. The course is offered on a full time, part time, Block release or Open Distance e-
Learning (ODeL) basis. The assessment is through continuous assessment and written
examination and On the Job Education and Training (OJET). The course will consider gender
mainstreaming, sustainable development, physical challenges, health dispositions and the
intersections between race, class and culture. It shall embrace innovative heritage-based
education and training philosophy to solve national problems and to produce goods and services
for industrialization and modernization.
CONSULTATION YEAR
1. Department of Technical Education (UZ) 2019
2. Chinhoyi University of Technology 2019
3. Harare City Council 2019
4. Ministry of Public Construction and national Housing 2019
5. National University of Science and Technology 2019
6. Tube and Pipe Industries (Pvt) Ltd 2019
7. Delta Engineering Training Centre 2019
8. Nyambuya Maonde and Associate 2019
9. J.B Matiza Architects 2019
10. National Manpower Advisory Council 2019
2
PART 1 COURSE REGULATIONS

1.0 TITLE AND LEVEL OF THE COURSE
National Certificate in Technical Graphics
2.0 AIM OF THE COURSE
The aim of the course is to produce a draughtsperson with the knowledge, skill and
attitudes to understand and apply draughting techniques to achieve organisational goals.
3.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

By the end of the course, students should be able to:
1. apply Draughting and rendering techniques.
2. design projects to solve engineering problems.
3. generate engineering drawings manually using a drawing board.
4. generate engineering drawings using CAD software.
5. apply engineering science principles to solve problems at workplace.
6. use mathematical concepts to solve engineering problems.
7. demonstrate patriotism to sustainable national development.
8. operate a sustainable business in the Mechanical Engineering field.
9. apply communication skills in the engineering field.
10. demonstrate practical applications of technical graphics concepts in the working
environment.
3
4.0 COURSE STRUCTURE
NO SUBJECT TITLE CODE NOTIONAL

HOURS
1. Mechanical Draughting and Design 364/19/S01 130
2. Architectural Draughting and Design 364/19/S02 130
3. Plane and Solid Geometry 364/19/S03 130
4. Graphic Illustration and Design 364/19/S04 110
5. Engineering Mathematics 340/18/S02 150
6. Engineering Science 340/18/S03 150
7. Design Project 364/19/S05 60
8. Basic Communication 310/19/S02 80
9. National Studies 401/19/S01 80
10. Entrepreneurial Skills Development 402/19/S01 80
11. Computer Applications in Draughting and 320/18/S05 150
Design
12 Skills Proficiency 364/19/S06 200
13. On the Job Education and Training 364/19/S07 1 year
1450hrs + 1-year
TOTAL
OJET
5.0 DURATION
The course duration is 1450 notional hours spread over two (2) years plus one year On
the Job Education and Training.
6.0 ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS
English Language, relevant Science subject and Mathematics passed at Ordinary Level
with grade C or better and any other two Ordinary Level subjects or relevant National
Foundation Certificate subjects.
7.0 MODE OF STUDY

Full time : 1450 notional hours
Part time : 1450 notional hours
Block Release : 1450 notional hours
ODeL : 1450 notional hours
4
8.0 ASSESSMENT SCHEME
MODE OF ASSESSMNET
SUBJECT TITLE WRITTEN CONTINUOUS
NO. WEIGHTING
AND CODE EXAMINATION ASSESSMENT
%
40% 60%
A minimum of:
Mechanical
• 2 Assignments 20%
Draughting and 3-hour paper
1. • 2 Practical Assignments 20%
Design 100
364/19/S01 • 2 Tests 20%
A minimum of:
Architectural
Draughting and 3-hour paper
• 2 Practical Assignments 20%
2 Design 100
364/19/S02 • 2 Tests 20%
A minimum of:
Plane and Solid • 2 Assignments 20%
3-hour paper
Geometry • 2 Practical Assignments 20%
3 100
364/19/S03 • 2 Tests 20%
A minimum of:
Graphical Illustration • 2 Assignments 20%
3-hour paper
and Design • 2 Practical Assignments 20%
4 100
364/19/S04 • 2 Tests 20%
Design Project
5 Submit marks for the designed project 100
364/19/S05
A minimum of:
Engineering
Mathematics 3-hour paper
6 (common) 100
340/18/S02 • 2 Tests 20%
A minimum of:
Engineering Science 3-hour paper
7 • 2 Practical Assignments 20%
340/18/S03 100
• 2 Tests 20%
Basic Communication 3 hour paper A minimum of:

8 100
310/19/S02 • 2 Assignments 20%
5
• 2 Tests 20%
3-hour theory A minimum of:

Computer paper • 2 Assignments 20%
9
Applications in • 2 Practical Assignments 20% 100
Draughting & Design 3-hour practical • 2 Tests 20%
320/18/S05 paper
A minimum of:
National Studies 3-hour paper
10 401/19/S01 100
• 2 Tests 20%
A minimum of:
Entrepreneurial Skills • 2 Assignments 20%
3-hour paper
11 Development • 2 Practical Assignments 20% 100
402/19/S01 • 2 Tests 20%
Skills Proficiency Skills Proficiency Schedule

12 364/19/S06 Submit marks 100
On the Job Education Submit Logbook

13 and Training 100
364/19/S07
9.0 GRADING
0% to 49% - Fail
50% to 59% - Pass
60% to 79% - Credit
80% and above - Distinction
10.0 CONDITIONS OF AWARD

10.1 A candidate should attend at least 85% of learning sessions to qualify for
examinations.
10.2 The final mark should be obtained through aggregation provided the candidate
scores at least 50% in each of continuous assessment, Skills Proficiency and
examinations.
10.3 The pass mark shall be 50%.
10.4 Candidates should pass all subjects.
6
11.0 RE – WRITE
11.1 Re-write(s) should conform to current course structure.
11.2 Candidates should pass at least two thirds of the course to qualify for a
referral.
11.3 Any candidate who fails to pass at least two thirds of the course should repeat the
whole course, including the subjects they would have passed.
11.4 There is no time limit for which to re-write a failed examination.
11.5 There is no aggregation for re-writes.
11.6 All re-writes should pass on performance in the examination.
11.7 If a candidate fails continuous assessment he/she repeats the subject.
12. EXEMPTION
12.1 Exemptions are only granted in subjects already attained from a completed
accredited qualification provided an exemption certificate specifying subjects of
exemption is produced.
12.2 Exemption Certificate should be applied for at enrolment and produced before
registration for examinations.
13.0 IRREGULAR PRACTICES

13.1 Cheating in examinations will result in disqualification from the whole course and
all other HEXCO courses. The candidate will be suspended for two years.
13.2 Plagiarisms in any of the assessments will result in automatic disqualification in
the course and any other HEXCO courses and the penalty as in 13.1 will apply.
14.0 RESOURCES
14.1 Lecturers’ Qualifications
A minimum of a National Diploma or B.Ed. in Technical Graphics and Design or
equivalent.
14.2 Infrastructure and Equipment
Draughting room with appropriate draughting equipment, computer Laboratory,
Workshop with appropriate equipment stated in appendix 1 below.
15.0 Tools and Equipment
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APPENDIX I
LIST OF EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS

12 x drawing boards
Draughting Machines
12 x tables
1 x overhead projector
1x video and T.V camera
10 x Computers
Pedal drills
Band Saws
Belt sanders
Portable Drills
Portable Planners
Grinders
8
16.0 SUGGESTED REFERENCE BOOKS
AUTHOR YEAR TITLE OF THE BOOK PUBLISHER TOWN
1. Abbot, W. 1961 Practical Geometry and London Blackie
Engineering Graphics
2. Barnes and Tilbrook 1985 Theory of Practice of New York Arnold

Drawing
3. Breackon, A.M 1986 Design and New York Collins

Communication
4. Chadley R 1980 Construction Technology
5. Jackson E 1970 Advanced Level Technical London Longman

Drawing
6. Nash, W. G 1980 Brick Work Books 1 and 2 London Hutchison
7 Voisinet, D. D 1983 Introduction to Computer London McGraw –

Aided Design Hill
8. Willigen V 1970 Engineering Technology London McGraw –

Drawing Hill
9 Other sources of information e.g Internet, journals
9
SUBJECT: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DRAUGHTING AND
DESIGN
CODE: 364/19/S01
DURATION 130 hours
1.0 AIM
The aim of the subject is to develop a Draughtsperson with knowledge, skills, values and
attitudes to understand and apply Mechanical engineering Draughting and Design
techniques to be able to work in a drawing office and allied industries.

By the end of covering the content, the student should be able to;
3.1 apply safety regulations and rules in the workshop
3.2 demonstrate and apply knowledge of draughting standards set out in the B.S 308
and P.D 7308.
3.3 produce working, assembly and production drawings.
3.4 operate drawing/draughting equipment efficiently.
3.5 apply scientific and mathematical principles to solve mechanical/engineering
drawing problems.
3.6 use computers and CAD programs in design and problem solving for
Mechanical engineering drawing and draughting.
3.7 demonstrate an acquisition of entrepreneurship skills.
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
3.2 MANUFACTURING MATERIALS
3.3 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION OF ENGINEERTING COMPONENTS
3.4 PICTORIAL DRAWING OF ENGINEERING COMPONENTS
3.5 ENGINEERING TOLERANCES
3.6 POWER TRANSMISSION IN ENGINES AND MACHINE TOOLS
3.7 ENGINEERING PRODUCT DESIGN (accompanied with A3 Design Folio)
10
4.0 CONTENT
4.1 SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
4.1.1 Identify and operate all emergency switches in the workshop.
4.1.2 Demonstrate proper sanitation in all workshop activities.
4.1.3 Demonstrate the proper use of electricity.
4.1.4 Identify and implement the procedures involved in the use of machine safety guards
or screens, warning notices and signals.
4.1.5 Identify and implement all safety precautions relating to machines and machine tools.
4.2 MANUFACTURING MATERIALS

4.2.1 Describe Engineering materials, metallic types, ferrous and non- ferrous, alloys
compositions properties and their practical uses.
4.2.2 Describe Engineering materials, non – metallic types, (plastics, thermoplastics
and thermo- setting), forms and methods of forming, properties, uses and design
consideration.
4.3 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

4.3.1 Identify hand tools.
4.3.2 State the uses of the hand tools in 4.3.1
4.3.1 Describe hand tools: cutting tools, supporting tools, holding, marking out,
measuring and boring tools.
4.3.4 Demonstrate the uses of tools in 4.3.1
4.4 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION OF ENGINEERING COMPONENTS

4.4.1 Explain Conventional standards, terminology, abbreviations and symbols
according to BS 308 part 1 1972, Engineering Drawing practice and BS 308 part
2 1972, Engineering drawing Practice, Dimensioning and tolerancing of size PD
7308, 1979.
4.4.2 Identify and use dimensioning methods: rectangular co-ordinate, polar co-ordinate
and chordal dimensioning.
4.4.3 Dimension circular features, taper chamfers, knurls and undercuts.
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4.4.4 Explain and use detailed drawings reduction scales of 1:2, 1:5, 1:10 and
enlargement scales of 1:1, 2;1, 10:1 with instructions for manufacture.
4.4.5 Produce assembly drawings from detail drawings with sections in 1st and 3rd angle
projections (Full sections, half sections, revolved sections, rotated sections,
removed sections, aligned sections and part sections drawn to reduction scales of
1:2, 1:5, 1:10 and enlargement scales of 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 10:1 with instructions for
manufacture)
- include sectioning and dimensioning of:
(a) pipes and fittings
(b) valves
(c) sub – assemblies
(d) shafts
(e) bearings
(f) seals
4.5 PICTORIAL DRAWING OF ENGINEERING COMPONENTS

4.5.1 Produce and present Isometric, Oblique and Perspective drawings from 1st and 3rd
angle Orthographic projections, exploded views, detail and assembly drawings.
To include sectioning and dimensioning of:
(a) Pipes and fittings
(b) Valves
(c) Sub-assemblies
(d) Shafts
(e) Bearings
(f) Seals
12
4.6 ENGINEERING TOLERANCES
4.6.1 Describe dimension and give tolerance of size according to PD 7308, 1992.
4.6.2 Apply limits and tolerances, fits and allowances
4.6.3 Use geometric tolerancing symbols for tolerance zones, surface texture, datum
features and datum targets.
4.6.4 Apply geometric tolerances for: form, orientation, location and run-out.
4.7 POWER TRANSMISSION IN ENGINES AND MACHINE TOOLS

4.7.1 Explain braking systems and speed reducers.
4.7.2 Describe pulleys, belts, chain and sprocket drives, gear wheels spur, bevel,
helical, worm and wheel, rake and pinion.
4.7.3 Explain functions of bearings, lubricants and seals.
4.7.4 Explain functions of couplings, clutches.
4.7.5 Explain functions of cams and link mechanisms.
4.8 ENGINEERING PRODUCT DESIGN; (accompanied with a A3 design Folio

4.8.1 State and explain the design process:
(a) identification of a design problem
(b) analysis of a design problem.
(c) research and investigation for a design problem
(d) possible solutions presentation and evaluation of these.
(e) choice of the best solution, testing and evaluation of the solution.
(f) presentation of the final solution, 2D and 3 D diagrams and written
detailed report with possible models of the finished object.
4.8.2 Design modification
(a) explain the need for design improvement
(b) identify areas for improvement
(c) carry out market research and analysis
(d) Outline stages in design modification
(e) Carry out product costing
13
5.0 ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATION GRID
TOPIC TOPICS WEIGHTING

NO. %
1 SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 10
2 MANUFACTURING MATERIALS 5
3 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT 5
4 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION OF ENGINEERING 20
COMPONENTS
5 PICTORIAL DRAWING OF ENGINEERING COMPONENTS 20
6 ENGINEERING TOLERANCES 5
7 POWER TRANSMISSION IN ENGINES AND MACHINE 20
TOOLS
8 ENGINEERING PRODUCT DESIGN 15
TOTAL 100
6.0 SUGGESTED REFERENCES

1. Abbot W. 1961 Practical Geometry and London Blackie

Drawing
3. Breackon A.M 1986 Design and New York Collins

Communication

Drawing
6. Nash, W.G 1980 Brick Work Books 1 and 2 London Hutchison
7 Voisinet, D.D 1983 Introduction to Computer London McGraw –

Aided Design Hill

Drawing Hill
14
7.0 PAPER STRUCTURE
This paper consists of two sections.
Section A: 40 marks
This section consists of three questions. Candidates choose any two questions. Each question
carries 20 marks.
Section B: 60 marks
This section consists of one compulsory question on assembly drawing.
15
SUBJECT: ARCHITECTURAL DRAUGHTING AND DESIGN
CODE: 364/19/S02
DURATION: 130 HOURS
1.0 AIM
The aim is to develop a Draughtsperson equipped with knowledge, skills and attitudes in
the design and production of Architectural drawings for the Construction and allied
industries.
By the end of covering the content, the student should be able to:
2.1 design and produce instrument and freehand drawings according to P.D 7038, 1980
and B.S 1192, 1969.
2.2 identify methods of the basic construction and erection procedures commonly used on
buildings in Zimbabwe.
2.3 perform simple taking off calculations, costing of materials, profit and loss in order to
arrive at a comprehensive Bill of quantities.
2.4 demonstrate graphical methods of analysis forces acting in 2D frameworks and beam
reactions.
2.5 demonstrate an understanding of the provision of building services, namely, water
supply, electricity, drainage of waste, air conditioning, and thermal insulation.
2.6 apply entrepreneurial skills in business communication and management.
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 WORKING DRAWINGS
3.2 BUILDING QUANTITIES
3.3 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
3.4 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
3.5 ELECTRICAL WIRING
3.6 PRODUCT DESIGN
16
4.0 CONTENT
4.1 WORKING DRAWINGS

4.1.1 Produce full and part plans, elevations, sections and detail drawn to scale
with notes according to recommendations of PD 7308: 1980 and BS 1192 of 1969
and Building Site practice – Acts & Model Building By – laws of Zimbabwe.
4.1.2 Perform freehand sketching in orthographic, one and two – point perspective
projections.
4.2 BUILDING QUANTITIES
4.2.1 Perform basic estimation of quantities and costing of materials.
4.2.2 Demonstrate entrepreneurial skills in communication and project management
with clients.
4.3 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

4.3.1 Describe concurrent and non-concurrent coplanar forces.
4.3.2 Produce space diagrams, polar diagrams, and funicular polygons and
perform stress analysis of beams and frameworks.
4.3.3 Describe loaded beams and frameworks with point, uniformly distributed, wind
and suspended loads.
4.3.4 Produce diagrams of reinforced beams, slabs, staircases and columns.
4.3.5 Produce detailing for reinforced concrete beams and columns.
4.3.6 Perform structural detailing of steel frameworks.
4.3.7 Produce connection details.
4.4 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

4.4.1 Describe erection procedures showing foundations, walls arches, floors, roofs,
fireplaces and staircases for one and two storey domestic buildings.
4.4.2 Outline building services and equipment – water supply, drainage and air
conditioning.
4.4.3 Design low – cost housing unit.
4.4.4 Quantify building materials.
4.5 ELECTRICAL WIRING
4.5.1 Describe basic generation and distribution of electricity.
17
4.5.2 Define the following electrical terms: voltage, current, resistance, wattage.
4.5.2 Draw graphic representation of connectors, sockets, terminals, circuit breakers,
fuses, lights, distribution and meter boards and safety precautions.
4.5.3 Design construction of electrical wiring drawings of a house.
4.6 PRODUCT DESIGN

4.6.1 Carry out the design process to include:
(b) analysis of a design problem
(d) possible solutions presentation and evaluation.
(e) choice and justification of the best solution, testing and evaluation of the
final solution.
detailed report with possible models of the finished object
(a) Explain the need for design improvement
(b) Identify areas for improvement
(c) Carry out market research and analysis
(d) Outline stages in design modification
(e) Perform costing of the product.
TOPIC NO. TOPIC WEIGHTING%

1 WORKING DRAWINGS 10
2 BUILDING QUANTITIES 10
3 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING 20
4 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 20
5 ELECTRICAL WIRING 20
6 PRODUCT DESIGN 20
TOTAL 100
18

1. Abbot w 1961 Practical Geometry and London Blackie

Drawing

Communication

Drawing

Aided Design Hill

Drawing Hill
7.0 PAPER STRUCTURE

SECTION A: 40marks
Consists of one compulsory question on working drawing.
This section consists of three questions. Candidates choose any two questions. Each question
carries 20 marks.
SECTION B: 60marks
This section consists of four questions. Candidates choose any three questions. Each question
carries 20 marks.
19
SUBJECT: PLANE AND SOLID GEOMETRY

CODE: 364/19/S03
DURATION: 130 Notional hours
1.0 AIM
The aim of the subject is to produce a Draughtsperson with knowledge, competences and
geometrical skills as a basis for Mechanical/Architectural and allied industries.

By the end of covering the content, students should be able to:
2.1 construct various geometrical designs in Mechanical, Architectural and Graphical
illustration.
2.2 apply knowledge of geometrical skills in Mechanical, Architectural and Graphical
illustration.
2.3 solve specific geometrical problems in plane and solid geometry.
2.4 produce orthographic or pictorial views of building, mechanical and graphical
illustrations.
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 PLANE GEOMETRY
SCALES
GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTION OF PLANE FIGURES
AREA OF PLANE FIGURES
LOCI
CAM MECHANISMS
3.2 SOLID GEOMETRY
TRACES
CONIC SECTIONS
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
INTERPENETRATIONS
DEVELOPMENTS
AUXILIARY PROJECTION
PICTORIAL DRAWING
20
4.0 CONTENT
PLANE GEOMETRY
4.1. SCALES
4.1.1 Construct plain and diagonal scales
4.1.2 Apply plain and diagonal scales in drawing geometrical figures.
4.2 GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTION OF PLANE FIGURES
4.2.1 Construct the following plane figures:
(a) triangles
(b) quadrilaterals
(c) polygons
(d) circle
4.3 AREA OF PLANE FIGURES
4.3.1 Perform linear and area reduction and enlargement of regular and irregular plane
figures.
4.3.2 Determine the area of irregular plane figures by graphical integration.
4.4 LOCI
4.4.1 Determine loci of link mechanisms, such as crank and slotted lever mechanisms
of a shaping machine.
4.4.2 Construct and state the application of the ellipse, hyperbola and parabola.
4.4.3 Construct tangents and normals of the ellipse, hyperbola and parabola.
4.4.4 Construct involute, archimedia spiral, helix, cycloid, hypocycloid,
epicycloid and trochoids.
4.4.5 Construct tangents to curves in 4.4.4
4.5 CAM MECHANISMS
Design and construct simple radial plate cams to produce uniform acceleration,
uniform velocity, simple harmonic motion, uniform acceleration and retardation
for different shaped followers- roller, knife edge and flat, in line, offset and radial
arm.
SOLID GEOMETRY
4.6 TRACES
4.6.1 Determine the projection of point, lines and planes.
4.6.2 Determine the traces of lines and planes.
4.6.3 Determine true angles between intersecting lines, between lines and planes and
between planes.
21
4.6.4 Determine true shapes of laminae on oblique planes and solids cut by
oblique planes
4.7 CONIC SECTIONS

4.7.1 Explain the hyperbola, parabola and ellipse as conic sections.
4.8 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
4.8.1 Produce orthographic views of the following right geometrical solids : prisms,
pyramids, cones and cylinders, full and truncated.
4.8.2 Produce orthographic views of oblique geometrical solids, full and truncated.
4.9 INTERPENETRATIONS
4.9.1 Determine the interpenetration curves of:
Right geometrical solids; prisms, pyramids, cones, cylinders, spheres and elbows
(co-axial, offset and inclined axis).
4.10 DEVELOPMENTS
4.10.1 Construct the developments of:
(a) Geometrical solids – prisms, pyramids, cones and cylinders (full and
truncated)
(b) Transition pieces by triangulation (include allowances and sheet metal

joints).
4.11 AUXILIARY PROJECTION
4.11.1 Produce First and Second auxiliary views of geometrical solids.
4.12 PICTORIAL DRAWING

4.12.1 Produce:
(a) isometric drawings
(b) Oblique projections: cabinet and cavalier.
(c) measured perspective drawings; single and two point.
(d) planometric views.
22

TOPIC TOPIC WEIGHTING%
NO.
1 SCALES 5
2 GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTION OF PLANE FIGURES 10
3 AREA OF PLANE FIGURES 8
4 LOCI 10
5 CAM MECHANISMS 8
6 TRACES 10
7 CONIC SECTIONS 2
8 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION 10
9 INTERPENETRATIONS 10
10 DEVELOPMENTS 10
11 AUXILIARY PROJECTION 8
12 PICTORIAL DRAWING 9
TOTAL 100


Drawing

Communication

Drawing
23
Aided Design Hill

Drawing Hill
9 Other sources of information e.g Internet, journals
7.0 PAPER STRUCTURE

Section A: 40 MARKS
This section consists of three questions. Candidates are required to choose any two questions.
Each question carries 20 marks.
Section B: 60 MARKS
This section consists of five questions. Candidates are required to choose any three questions.
Each question carries 20 marks.
24
SUBJECT GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION AND DESIGN
CODE: 364/19/S04
DURATION 110 hours
1.0 AIM
The aim of the subject is to develop a draughtsperson with knowledge, skills, values and
attitudes to understand and apply principles of graphical communication techniques to be
able to work in a Graphic Arts and allied industries.
By the end of covering the content, the student should be able to:
2.1 identify necessary information and present it technically/graphically.
2.2 generate ideas creatively as the basis for original design solutions.
2.3 apply scientific and mathematical principles to solve graphic illustration
problems.
2.4 Identify a problem
2.5 design a project to solve the problem in 2.4
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 TECHNICAL ILLUSTRATION
3.2 PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION
3.3 PROJECTS
3.4 DIAGRAMATIC DRAWINGS
3.5 PRODUCT DESIGN
4.0 CONTENT
4.1 TECHNICAL ILLUSTRATION

4.1.1 Apply illustrative techniques for clarity and visual interest.
4.1.2 Apply tonal shading
(a) continuous rubbing techniques (using pencil, ink, neo, markers, water
paints, crayons)
(b) line shading techniques (hatching and cross hatching)
(c) stippling or dotting technique
4.1.3 Apply texture rendering/shading to show textures represented by the following:
(a) dots and round shapes
(b) sand
25
(c) sand – cast metals
(d) rubber
(e) concrete
(f) polystyrene
4.1.4 Apply line shading on:
(a) glass and plastics
(b) metal
(c) wood
(d) brick
4.1.5 Apply illustrative techniques on solid areas:
(a) chrome plated and polished metals
(b) opaque plastics
4.1.6 Apply the thick and thin lines technique
N.B: All techniques require the use of either pencil, ink, use markers, crayons, water or
paints.
4.2 PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION
4.2.1 Isometric drawing
(a) Produce freehand drawings on plain and grid paper.
(b) Produce drawings using drawing instruments.
(c) Produce curved and oblique lines in isometric.
(d) Produce isometric drawings using the isometric scale.
4.2.3 Oblique drawing
(a) Produce freehand drawings on plain paper.
(b) Produce drawings using drawing instruments.
(c) Produce curved and oblique lines.
4.2.4 Planometric projection
(a) Produce freehand drawings on plain paper.
(b) Produce freehand drawings on plain paper.
(c) Produce drawings using scale.
(d) Perform interior room design and arrangement.
4.2.5 Exploded views
Draw freehand and scaled drawings of the following:
26
(a) Engineering Components
(b) workshop tools
(c) household gadgets
(d) simple machinery
4.2.6 Presentation drawing for design and advertising
Draw freehand and scaled drawings of the following:
(a) Engineering Components
(b) basic workshop tools and machinery
(c) household gadgets
(d) simple machinery
4.2.7 Perform lettering and basic sign writing
4.3 PROJECTS
4.3.1 Produce posters.
4.3.2 Construct the following models:
(a) Dimensional and 3 dimensional) pop – up models.
(b) Static models
(c) Dynamic models
4.4 DIAGRAMATIC DRAWINGS

4.4.1 Produce patterns, tessellations using geometrical shapes.
4.4.2 Produce road and simplified location maps to scale.
4.4.3 Design the following signs and symbols:
(a) logos
(b) trademarks
(c) ideograms
(d) pictographs/grams
(e) traffic signs and symbols
(f) monograms
4.4.4 Produce the following explanatory diagrams:
(a) operational
27
(b) constructional
(c) sequential
4.4.5 Illustrate the following flow diagrams:
(a) flow charts
(b) organisational charts (family tree, institutional)
(c) time charts
(d) symbolic
4.4.6 Produce the following statistical diagrams:
(a) line graphs
(b) column graphs
(c) bar graphs
(d) histograms
(e) pie charts
4.4.7 BASIC ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS
(a) Identify uses and perform graphic representation of modern signs, symbols
and electronic components.
(b) Construct simple circuits.
(c) Represent connectors (plugs, sockets, terminals) graphically.
(d) Design house wiring circuits.
4.5 PRODUCT DESIGN- THE DESIGN PROJECT
4.5.1 Carry out the design process to include:
(b) analysis of a design problem
(d) possible solutions presentation and evaluation of these.
(e) choice and justification of the best solution, testing and evaluation of the
final solution.
detailed report with possible models of the finished object
(a) Explain the need for design improvement.
28
(b) Identify areas for improvement.
(c) Carry out market research and analysis.
(d) Outline stages in design modification.
(e) Perform costing of the product.
TOPIC TOPIC WEIGHTING%

NO.
1 TECHNICAL ILLUSTRATION 20
2 PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION 20
3 PROJECTS 20
4 DIAGRAMMATIC DRAWINGS 20
5 PRODUCT DESIGN 20
TOTAL 100


Drawing

Communication

Drawing

Aided Design Hill

Drawing Hill
29
7.0 PAPER STRUCTURE

This paper consists of two sections A and B.
SECTION A: 20 marks
This section consists of one compulsory question.
SECTION A: 80 marks
This section consists of 6 questions. Each question carries 20 marks. Candidates are required to
answer any 4 questions.
30
SUBJECT: DESIGN PROJECT
SUBJECT CODE: 364/19/S05
SUBJECT DURATION: 60 HOURS
As per design project assessment structure- continuous assessment
DESIGN PROJECT ACTIVITIES
1.0 ASSESSMENT STRUCTURE
1.1 Identify the project gadget (machine part).

Candidates should select a machine part with a minimum of five components (Sub-
assemblies should be made from at least five different manufacturing processes)
1.2 Detail out the site visit for the gadget (machine part).
i. Free hand Sketching

ii. Produce relevant notes concerning the gadget.
1.3 Recommend improvement in terms of shape/form, materials and

manufacturing processes.
1.4 Produce detailed manufacturing drawings for the proposed new gadget (machine part)
using CAD
i. Produce Components drawings

ii. Drawings should be numbered based on industrial standards
1.5 Produce Assembly/Pattern Development drawings where necessary using CAD.
1.6 Produce operational sheet for the gadget (machine part) manufacturing
1.7 Generate the gadget (machine part) BOQ
1.8 Cost the gadget (machine part)
Manufacturing cost of the machine part.
31
1.9 Submit binded hardcopy and soft copy of the document
Assessment guide for the Design Project

Section Description Marks
1 Identify the project gadget (machine part) 5
2 Detail out the site visit the gadget (machine part) 15
3 Recommend improvement in terms of shape/
10
form, materials and manufacturing processes
4 Produce detailed manufacturing drawings for the
20
proposed new gadget (machine part) using CAD
5 Produce operational sheet for the gadget
10
manufacturing
6 Generate the gadget (machine part) BOQ 15
7 Cost the gadget (machine part) 15
8 Submit binded hardcopy and soft copy of the
5
document
9 Work presentation 5
TOTAL 100%
32
SUBJECT TITLE: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN DRAUGHTING &
DESIGN
DURATION: 150 Hours
1 .0 AIM
The aim of the subject is to equip the student with knowledge and skills of Information and
Communication Technology in Mechanical Design Industry through Computer Aided Engineering.
By the end of covering the subject content, the student should be able to:
1.1 describe the operation of major hardware units of a computer.
1.2 Outline the functions of input and output devices
1.3 describe duties and responsibilities of computer personnel
1.4 identify types and generations of computers
1.5 describe requirements of a computer room environment.
1.6 demonstrate the use of computer application packages
1.7 demonstrate the interpretation and generation of mechanical engineering drawings
using AutoCAD softwares.
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS
3.2 HARDWARE OF A COMPUTER
3.3 SOFTWARE OF A COMPUTER
3.4 WORD PROCESSING
3.5 SPREADSHEET
3.6 DATABASE
3.7 PRESENTATION
3.8 AUTOCAD
3.9 COMMUNICATION NETWORKS AND INTERNET SERVICES
3.10 SECURITY AND ETHICS
33
4.0 CONTENT
4.1 Introduction to Computers
4.1.1 Define a computer
4.1.2 Identify uses of computers in engineering
4.1.3 State and explain good practices in the computer laboratory
4.1.4 Explain the importance of provision of adequate lighting and ventilation in
the computer laboratory.
4.1.5 State safety standards of cables and power points.
4.2 Hardware of a computer
4.2.1 Identify hardware devices of a computer.
4.2.2 Connect hardware devices.
4.2.3 Define computer system
4.2.4 State and explain the main components of a computer system:
❖ input devices
❖ processing unit
❖ output devices
❖ storage devices
4.2.5 State and explain types of memory.
4.3 Software of a computer
4.3.1 Explain computer software
4.3.2 Explain operating systems
❖ DOS
❖ Windows operating systems
❖ Network Operating systems
❖ Utilities
4.3.3 Describe and use the following application softwares.
❖ Word processing
❖ Spreadsheet
❖ Database processing
❖ Presentation application
❖ AUTOCAD
34
4.4 Word Processing
4.4.1 Load a program from hard disk
4.4.2 Create a new document.
4.4.3 Enter text
4.4.4 Insert text
- Copy text
- Delete
- Move text
- Replace text
- Mail merge
- Change line spacing
- Underline
- Change margins
- Centre
- Obtain different fonts
- Embolden
- Justifying margins
- Search and replace
- Page numbers
4.5 Spreadsheet
4.5.1 Explain the purpose of table calculation programme.
4.5.2 Create practically oriented worksheets (editing, formatting, selecting cells,
choosing commands, using formulae and creating tables).
4.5.3 Creating embedded charts on a worksheet.
4.5.4 Manage software and viruses.
4.6 Database
4.6.1 Describe the purpose of database.
4.6.1 Design reports for presenting and printing data.

4.6.2 Create database tables, queries and reports.
4.6.3 Copy database files to word processing programs.
35
4.7 Presentation
4.7.1 Load a presentation program.
4.7.2 Create a new slide
4.7.3 Add a slide
4.7.4 Edit a slide
4.7.5 Create a slide show
4.7.6 Move around slides, delete and edit layout.
4.7.7 Draw tables and graphs
4.8 AutoCAD
4.8.1 Introduction to Computer Aided Design
i. Define AutoCAD
ii. Describe its historical development
iii. Identify different softwares of CAD in use.
iv. State advantages and disadvantages of CAD.
v. Justify its applications or use.
vi. Describe the functions of the components of the CAD system.
4.8.2 Access to AutoCAD
i. AutoCAD user interface
ii. Open an AutoCAD window, identify and describe its features (screen
menu, command prompt area, cursor, drawing area, and status bar).
iii. Save a drawing
iv. Exit a drawing
4.8.3 Beginning a new drawing (drawing organization)
i. Set up units and scale
ii. Set drawing limits and paper sizes
iii. Create layers
iv. Controlling layer states
v. Apply the layer commands in generating a drawing.
vi. Templates
36
4.8.4 Drawing precision/Aids
i. Use grid and snap
ii. Use ortho mode and polar tracking
iii. Use object snaps and object snap tracking
iv. Create layers and assign properties to it
v. Zoom and pan drawings
4.8.5 Draw commands
Describe and use the following draw commands in generating a drawing:
Line, arc, circle, polyline, hatch
4.8.6 Modify commands
Describe and apply the following editing techniques/tools in generating a
drawing:
Mirror, copy, move, rotate, trim, extend, stretch, chamfer, explode, array,
offset, scale, fillet
4.8.7 Drawings
i. Create simple drawings
ii. Reproduce a geometrical drawing
iii. perform basic pattern development for triangulation, parallel line
and radial line concepts.
iv. Create orthographic views using first and third angle orthographic
projections.
v. Produce working drawings to BS308 of sub-assembly and
assembly drawings in orthographic projection including sectional
views, bearings, standard fastenings, parts lists and title blocks.
4.8.8 Dimensioning
i. Add linear, angular, radial dimensions to a drawing
ii. Create dimension styler
iii. Edit dimension styles
37
4.8.9 Hatching
i. Create hatches
ii. Modify hatches
4.8.10 Adding Text
i. Use single line text, multi-line text to a drawing.
ii. Add notes with leaders to a drawing.
iii. Modify text
4.8.11 INQUIRY/GETTING INFORMATION
Inquire time, distance and area.
4.8.12 Blocks
i. Define a block
ii. Create blocks
iii. Use blocks
4.8.13 Layouts
i. Describe the two workspaces in AutoCAD ie the model space and
the paper space.
ii. Define layouts
iii. Specify the paper space settings.
iv. Create viewports in paper space.
v. Create title block on the layout.
vi. Copy layouts
4.8.14 Plotting/Printing of CAD drawing
i. Printing layouts
ii. Printing from model space
iii. Create template
iv. Plot/print a drawing
v. Exporting to PDF formats
4.9 Communication Networks and internet services
4.9.1 Describe network topologies (bus, mesh, star and ring).
4.9.2 Describe network types (LAN, MAN, PAN and WAN).
4.9.3 Identify types of mobile technologies (mobile phones, satellites, tablets).
38
4.9.4 Explain the application of wireless technologies.
• WiFi, WiMax, Blue tooth, Infrared, Microwave, radiowaves
4.9.5 Use cloud services such as uploading and downloading files.
4.9.6 Describe data sharing in an organization
4.9.7 Use internet services (E-commerce, E-learning, Email, social media)
4.10 Security and Ethics
4.10.1 Discuss computer crime and its effects
4.10.2 Discuss the copyrights act.
4.10.3 Use plagiarism software to check for plagiarism in a document.
4.10.4 Explain data protection measures such as passwords, file permission
modes.
4.10.5 Explain the ethical issues that can arise from online activities.
5.0 ASSESSMENT GRID
Computer Applications in Mechanical Engineering paper 1: 320/18/S05A
Part I: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

TOPIC WEIGHT % HRS/TOPIC NO. OF
QUESTIONS
HARDWARE FUNCTIONS 7.0 4.9 1
HARDWARE COMPONENTS 9.5 6.65 1
SOFTWARE 9.2 6.44 1
NETWORKING 20 14 1
OPERATING SYSTEMS 13.4 9.38 1
COMPUTER ETHICS & SECURITY 16.7 11.69 1
ISSUES
PRACTICAL APPLICATION PACKAGES 24.2 16.94 2
TOTAL 100 70 8
39
Computer Applications in Mechanical Engineering Paper 11: 320/18/S05B
Part II: COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

TOPIC WEIGHT % HRS/TOPIC NO. OF
QUESTIONS
The History of Computer Aided Design 7.3 5.84
1
Creating a New Cad Drawing 16.7 13.66
Application of two-Dimensional 16.7 13.36

Drawing Techniques to Cad Drawings 1
Editing Techniques on Cad Drawings 33.4 26.72
Basic Dimensioning Based on Ansi 16.7 13.36

Standards 1
Printing of Cad Drawing Using Plotters 9.2 7.36 1

TOTAL 100 80 4
1. Cashmen, S. (2016) Introduction to Computers.
2. Norton, P. (2015) Introduction to Computers.
3. Garry, B. Freund, M. (2014) Introduction to Computers.
& Misty, E. V
4. David, E.(1999) Introduction to Computers Exploration.
5. Donald, V.(1986) Introduction to CAD.
6. Mastun, A. (2008) An Introduction to CAD.
7. Taylor, F.(2016) Introduction to CAD.
40
PAPER FORMAT: - Computer Application in Mechanical Engineering.
The subject will consists of two papers as follows:
Paper I- Introduction to Computer Application in Engineering Paper
This paper will be covering the Part I of the syllabus and will contribute 50% to the final
exam score.
Paper Structure
SECTION A: Answer ALL questions (40 marks)
This section will be compulsory and will be practical examination covering application
packages (word processing, spread sheet, power point) with two questions carrying
20marks each.
SECTION B: Answer 3 questions out of the 6 questions (60 marks)

This section will consist of optional questions from the remaining topics with six
questions carrying 20marks each.
Paper II- Computer Aided Design Engineering Paper

This will be covering the Part II of the syllabus and will contribute 50% to the final Exam
score.
Paper Structure
Section A - Compulsory 40 marks (Orthographic or Pictorial Drawing or Assembly or
Pattern Development)
Section B- Answer All
This Section will be carrying three theoretical questions from the remaining topics 20marks each.
41
SUBJECT: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
CODE: 340/18/S02
DURATION: 150 HOURS
1.0 AIM
By the end of the course, students should be able to apply Mathematical principles in
solving Mechanical Engineering problems.
By the end of the course, students should be able to:
2.1 perform basic arithmetic and algebra calculations.
2.2 illustrate the relationship of algebraic equations and associated graphs.
2.3 apply trigonometric functions and describe their properties
2.4 define the base of a number and perform basic calculations in various number
systems.
2.5 apply various methods to simplify simultaneous equations.
2.6 explain a function and its derivative
2.7 use derivatives to find extremes and rates of change, applying the techniques to
problems in Mechanical Engineering.
42
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 THEORY OF INDICES AND LOGARITHMS

3.2 TRANSPOSITION OF FORMULAE
3.3 SIMPLE, SIMULTANEOUS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
3.4 GRAPHS
3.5 COORDINATE GEOMETRY
3.6 RADIAN MEASURE
3.7 TRIGONOMETRY
3.8 MATRICES
3.9 BINOMIAL EXPANSIONS
3.10 DIFFERENTIATION
3.11 INTEGRATION
4.0 CONTENT
4.1 THEORY OF INDICES AND LOGARITHMS
4.1.1 State the laws of indices

4.1.2 Apply rules of indices to problems with negative and positive powers of roots.
4.1.3 Solve problems on indices and indicial equations.
4.1.4 Definition of a logarithm and use of the laws of logarithms.
4.1.5 Apply indices as an aid to logarithms
4.1.6 Solve problems on logarithms involving the arithmetic operations of subtraction
addition, multiplication and division.
4.1.7 Solve equations using logarithms.
4.2 TRANSPOSITION OF FORMULAE
4.2.1 Define transposition of formula

4.2.2 Transpose general formulae.
4.2.3 Solve problems by substituting values for symbols in a formula.
4.3 SIMPLE, SIMULTANEOUS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
4.3.1 Solve simple and simultaneous linear equations.

4.3.2 Solve quadratic equations by factorisation, completing the square or using the
quadratic formula.
4.3.3 Use equations to solve practical problems.
43
4.4 GRAPHS
4.4.1 Plot graphs of the form;

- 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
- 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
4.4.2 Solve graphically problems on the following: simple, linear simultaneous and
quadratic equations.
4.4.3 Plot logarithm graphs of the form
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑛 (𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 log 𝑦 = log 𝑎 + 𝑛 log 𝑥)
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥 (𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 log 𝑦 = log 𝑎 + 𝑥 log 𝑏)
Excluding graphs of the form 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑒 𝑛𝑥
4.4.4 Deduce the law in 4.4.3.
4.5 TRIGONOMETRY
4.5.1 State the six trig ratios.

4.5.2 Solve problems using the six ratios (excluding solving trig equations).
4.5.3 State the following identities:
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 ≡ 1 …………………………..(1)
1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 ≡ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 …………………………(2)
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 ≡ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 ………………………(3)
4.5.4 Prove identities using identities in 4.5.3
4.5.5 Simplify trigonometry expressions (excluding solving trig equations)
4.5.5 Apply angle properties of triangles and regular polygons.
4.5.6 Solve practical problems from practical situations on similar triangle, tangents
and chords.
4.5.7 Apply the sine and cosine rule problems on non- right-angled triangles.
4.5.8 Calculate length of open and crossed belts using trigonometric ratios.
4.5.9 Calculate area of a triangle using the following methods.
1
𝐴 = 2 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 × ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
1
𝐴 = 𝑎𝑏 sin 𝜃
2
1
𝐴 = √𝑠(𝑠 − 𝑎)(𝑠 − 𝑏)(𝑠 − 𝑐) where 𝑠 = 2 (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
4.5.10 Solve problems on height and distances including the use of angle of elevation
and angle of depression.
4.5.11 Calculate taper diameter, length and taper angles.
Calculate the taper ratio.
Calculate bending allowance and bending radius.
44
4.5 COORDINATE GEOMETRY
Determine length, gradient and midpoint of a straight line.
4.6.2 Determine equation of a straight line in the form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐
4.6.3 Use properties of parallel and perpendicular lines that is for:
parallel lines, 𝑚1 = 𝑚2
perpendicular lines, 𝑚1 𝑚2 = −1
4.6.4 Find equation of straight lines in 4.6.3.
4.6 RADIAN MEASURE

4.7.1 Define a radian
4.7.2 Convert degrees and minutes to radians and vice versa
4.7.3 Calculate arc length, area of a sector and segment.
4.7 MENSURATION (AREAS AND VOLUMES)

4.7.1 Calculate areas and perimeters of the following plane figures of quadrilateral and
polygons:
- parallelogram
- rhombus
- trapezium
- hexagon
- ellipse
- square
- pentagon
- octagon
- nonagon
- decagon
4.7.2 Calculate the surface areas and the volume for the following:
- cylinders
- prisms
- cones
- pyramids
- spheres
- frustum of a cone and pyramid
- composite figures
4.7.3 Estimate areas of irregular figures using the following approximate methods.
(a) Mid – ordinate rule
(b) Trapezoidal rule
45
(c) Simpson’s rule
4.8.4 Estimate volume of irregular solids using Simpson’s rule
4.9 BINOMIAL EXPANSION
4.9.1 Expand using Pascal’s triangle method.

4.9.2 State the binomial theorem
4.9.3 Expand using binomial theorem.
4.10 DIFFERENTIATION
4.10.1 Differentiate polynomial functions 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 𝑛

4.10.2 Find the derivative of composite polynomial functions and a sum.
4.10.3 Determine gradient of a line using differentiation.

4.10.4 Differentiate polynomial functions using first principles.
4.10.5 Determine nature of stationary points of curves (maximum and minimum).
4.10.6 Apply rate of change in kinematics
4.10.7 Solve practical problems using differentiation (maximum and minimum if
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
< 0 and > 0 respectively).
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2
4.11 INTEGRATION
4.11.1 Define integration.
4.11.2 Obtain indefinite and definite integrals of polynomial functions 𝑎𝑥 𝑛 (𝑛 ≠
−1)
4.11.3 Apply integral calculus in the following:
- areas and volumes of solids of revolution

- kinematics
4.12 MATRICES
4.12.1 Define a matrix

4.12.2 State the order of a matrix
4.12.3 Add, subtract and multiply(2 × 2) matrices.
46
4.12.4 Perform scalar multiplication.
4.12.5 Determine determinant of a (2 × 2) matrix
4.12.6 Calculate inverse of a (2 × 2) matrix.
4.12.7 Solve linear simultaneous equations having two unknowns using:
(i) the determinant method (Cramer’s rule)
(ii) inverse method
5.0 ASSESSMENT
5.1 ASSESSMENT GRID

NO TOPIC WEIGHT% MARKS
1 THEORY OF INDICES AND LOGARITHMS 3.8 5
2 TRANSPOSITION OF FORMULA 3.8 5
3 TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES/EXPRESSIONS 3.8 5
4 RADIAN MEASURE 3.8 5
5 DIFFERENTIATION FROM FIRST PRINCIPLES 3.8 5
6 COORDINATE GEOMETRY 3.8 5
7 MATRICES 3.8 5
8 BINOMIAL EXPANSIONS 3.8 5
SOLVING EQUATIONS, PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
9 OF SIMPLE, SIMULTANEOUS AND QUADRATIC 11.5 15
EQUATIONS
10 PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF TRIGONOMETRY 11.5 15
MENSURATION (AREAS AND VOLUMES)
11 11.5 15
INCLUDING IRREGULAR SHAPES
12 PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATION 11.5 15
SIMPLE INTEGRATION AND APPLICATION OF
13 11.5 15
INTEGRATION
14 GRAPHS 11.5 15
1. Bird, J.O. (2003) Engineering Mathematics. 4th edition. Newness. London.

2. Page, M. G. (2008) Mathematics for Mechanical Engineering Technicians. London.
3. Stroud, K, A. (2013) Engineering Mathematics. 7th Edition. Industrial Press. New York.
4. Bostock and Chanlder (1990) The core course for A level Mathematics.
5. Backhouse 1(1988) Pure Mathematics.
47
7.0 PAPER STRUCTURE
This paper consists of two sections as follows:
SECTION A [40marks]
Consists of one compulsory question.
SECTION B [60marks]
This section consists of seven questions. Candidates are required to choose 4 questions. Each
question carries 15 marks.
48
SUBJECT: ENGINEERING SCIENCE
CODE: 340/18/S03
DURATION: 150 HOURS
1.0 AIM
By the end of the subject content, students should be able to apply Science principles in
solving Mechanical Engineering problems.
By the end of covering the subject content, students should be able to:
3.1 demonstrate knowledge of the science fundamentals.

3.2 apply statics fundamentals.
3.3 state and perform calculations on friction.
3.4 calculate the strength of different materials.
3.5 perform calculations in kinematics.
3.6 perform calculations on work, energy and power.
3.7 perform calculations on machines.
3.8 identify different sources of heat and perform calculations.
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO FUNDAMENTALS

3.2 STATICS
3.3 FRICTION
3.4 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
3.5 KINEMATICS
3.6 WORK, ENERGY AND POWER
3.7 MACHINES
3.8 HEAT
49
4.0 CONTENT
4.1 INTRODUCTION TO FUNDAMENTALS
4.1.1 List the seven Engineering fundamental quantities and their S.I units
4.1.2 State the S.I units of the following:
- energy
- force
- power
- pressure
- heat
- stress
- weight
- work
- velocity
- acceleration
4.1.3 Define the following prefixes and relate each prefix to any other: -
(a) atto
(b) femto
(c) pico
(d) nano
(e) micro
(f) milli
(g) centi
(h) deci
(i) Deca
(j) Hecta
(k) Kilo
(l) Mega
(m) Mega
(n) Giga
(o) Tera
(p) Peta
(q) Exa
4.1.4 Convert from one unit to the other.
4.1.5 Define the following terms:
- mass
- weight
50
- acceleration due to gravity
- density
- relative density/specific gravity
- specific weight
4.1.6 Solve problems in 4.1.4
4.1.7 Describe the following pressures:
-atmospheric pressure
-gauge pressure
-absolute pressure
4.1.8 Describe the following pressure measuring instruments and their applications.
-manometer
-barometer
-bourdon gauge
4.2 STATICS
4.2.1 Define statics

4.2.2 Define vector and scalar quantities, giving examples of each.
4.2.3 Express a force as a vector and perform additions and subtraction of vectors.
4.2.4 Define resultant of two or more forces.
4.2.5 Define and state condition of equilibrium
4.2.6 Explain equilibrant, coplanar and concurrent forces.
Produce free body diagrams of multiple force systems.
Resolve forces into parallel and perpendicular components.
Determine the resultant force of a system of forces using:
analytical method
graphical method
Solve problems on multi – force systems using.

- parallelogram of forces theorem
- triangle of forces theorem
- polygon of forces theorem
51
4.2.7 Define a moment.
4.2.8 Describe the conditions for equilibrium under the action of forces about a pivot.
4.2.9 Solve problems involving simply supported beams and consists of:
- concentrated/point loads
- weight of the beam
- uniformly distributed loads
4.2.14 Define and solve problems on torque and couple.
4.2.15 Define the following:
- centre of gravity
- centroids
4.2.16 State centroids of lamina shapes
- square
- rectangle
- circle
- semi- circle
- right angled triangle
4.2.17 Describe how to find position of centroids by using an:

-experiment
-analytical method
4.2.18 Obtain centroids for composite figures.
4.2.19 Define the following stability terms:
- unstable equilibrium
- neutral equilibrium
- stable equilibrium
52
4.3 FRICTION
- static and dynamic friction
- co-efficient of friction
-angle of repose/friction
- dry friction
4.3.2 state laws of friction

4.3.3 State and explain common engineering applications where the presence of friction
is:
- an advantage e.g. brakes, clutch, machine vice.
- a disadvantage e.g. bearings, gear devices etc.
4.3.4 State and explain the methods of reducing or overcoming friction for example:
- lubrication
- smooth surface finish
- rollers
4.3.5 Solve problems of dry friction:
- on a horizontal plane
- on an inclined plane with the applied force parallel to the plane.
- on an inclined plane with the applied force at an angle to the plane.
53
4.4 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
4.4.1 Define the listed properties:
- strength
- elasticity
- plasticity
- ductility
- toughness
- malleability
- rigidity
- hardness
4.4.2 Define the following

-tension
- compression
- shear
4.4.3 Define and solve simple problems on:
- stress (1Pascal = 1N/m2)
- strain
4.4.4 Describe the process of tensile testing of materials.
4.4.5 Draw typical load – extension graphs for brittle and ductile materials such as
aluminium, mild steel, high tensile steel and cast iron and indicate the following:
- region of proportionality
- elastic limit
54
- yield point
- U.T.S
- breaking point
4.4.6 Define:
- Hooke’s law
- Young’s modulus of elasticity
- Modulus of rigidity
-Factor of safety
4.4.7 Solve simple problems involving the terms covered in 4.4.5 and 4.4.6 excluding
the modulus of rigidity.
4.5 KINEMATICS
4.5.1 Define the following terms in linear motion
(a) displacement
(b) distance
(c) velocity
(d) speed
(e) acceleration
4.5.2 Produce the following:
- displacement – time graphs
- velocity- time graphs
55
4.5.3 Define the following as:
- velocity as the slope of the displacement -time graph.
- acceleration as the slope of the velocity-time graph.

- displacement as area under the velocity-time graph.
4.5.4 State the four equations of linear motion.
4.5.5 Solve problems using equations in 4.5.4.
4.5.6 Define the following terms in angular motion:
(a) angular displacement
(b) angular velocity
(c) angular acceleration
4.5.7 Produce and solve problems using:
(a) angular displacement- time graphs
(b) angular velocity-time graphs
4.5.8 Define the following as:
-angular velocity as the slope of the angular displacement – time graph.
-angular acceleration as the slope of the angular velocity - time graph.
-angular displacement as the area under the angular velocity -time graph
4.5.9 State the four equations of angular motion.
4.5.10 Solve problems using equations in 4.5.9.
4.5.11 State the relationship between angular velocity and linear velocity
(𝑣 = 𝑤𝑟)
56
4.5.12 State relationship between angular acceleration and linear acceleration (𝑎 = 𝛼𝑟)
4.5.13 Solve problems using equations in 4.5.11 and 4.5.12
4.6 WORK, ENERGY AND POWER
4.6.1 Define work and state its unit as the Joule
4.6.2 Calculate work done using the formulae:
(i) 𝑊 =𝐹×𝐷
(ii) 𝑊 = 𝑇𝜃
4.6.3 Calculate work done:
- on a horizontal plane
- on an inclined plane
- in tightening a nut
4.6.4 Define energy as the ability to do work.
- potential energy
- kinetic energy
- strain energy
4.6.6 State and explain the principle of conservation of energy.
4.6.7 Solve problems in 4.6.5 and 4.6.6 above applying the conservation of energy
principle.
4.6.8 Define power as the rate of doing work
4.6.9 Determine power transmitted by a force
57
4.6.10 Determine power required in belt transmission.
4.6.11 Calculate efficiency in 4.6.9 and 4.6.10
4.6.12 State Newton’s three laws of motion.
4.6.13 Define momentum and solve problems
4.6.14 Solve problems on Newton’s second law of motion.
4.6.15 State principle of conservation of momentum.
4.7 MACHINES
4.7.1 Define a simple machine with examples.
4.7.2 Define and calculate the following:
- Force ratio (MA), limiting MA.
- Movement ratio
- Efficiency, limiting efficiency.
- Reversibility/irreversibility of a machine
4.7.3 State the three types/orders of levers and give examples.
4.7.4 Solve problems for equilibrium of a lever.
4.7.5 Describe with the aid of diagrams
- Pulley systems
- Rope pulley system
- Wheel and axle lifting
- Differential pulley block
58
- Screw jack
- Worm and worm wheel
- Gear systems
4.7.6 Determine the following in 4.7.5:

- movement ratio
- force ratio
- efficiency
4.7.7 Define the law E=𝑎𝑊 + 𝑏 of the machine.
4.7.8 Determine the law of a machine.
4.7.9 Calculate belt speed using the formula for simple and compound belt drives.
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )𝑉
4.7.10 Solve problems on the following gear calculation for simple and compound gear
trains.
- number of teeth on the gears
- speed of gears
- pitch of leadscrew
- Power transmitted by gears.
4.8 HEAT
4.8.1 Define heat and temperature.
4.8.2 State and explain modes of heat transfer.
- conduction
59
-convection
-radiation
4.8.3 Distinguish temperature scales.
4.8.4 Briefly describe the following temperature measuring devices.
- alcohol/mercury thermometers
- thermocouples
- pyrometers
- fusible cones
4.8.5 Illustrate the change of state of a substance on heat energy – temperature graph.
- sensible heat
- latent heat
4.8.7 Define specific heat capacity.
4.8.8 Solve problems in 4.8.5
4.8.9 Solve relevant problems involving heat transfer in mixtures.
4.8.10 Define the calorific value of a fuel.
4.8.11 Define thermal expansion:
- linear expansion
- area/superficial expansion
- volumetric/cubical expansion
4.8.12 State equations in thermal expansion.
4.7.13 Solve simple problems using equations in 4.8.12
60
5.0 ASSESSMENT
5.1 ASSESSMENT GRID
QUESTION
TOPIC WEIGHT% MARKS
NO.
1 CONVERSIONS 3.4 5
2 INTRODUCTION TO FUNDAMENTALS 3.4 5
3 STATICS 3.4 5
4 FRICTION 3.4 5
5 LINEAR MOTION 3.4 5
6 ANGULAR MOTION 3.4 5
7 WORK, ENERGY AND POWER 3.4 5
8 HEAT 3.4 5
9 STATICS 10.3 15
10 FRICTION 10.3 15
11 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 10.3 15
12 KINEMATICS 10.3 15
13 WORK, ENERGY AND POWER 10.3 15
14 MACHINES 10.3 15
15 HEAT 10.3 15
TOTALS 100 145
6.0 SUGGESTED REFEERENCE BOOKS
1. Houpt (1993) Mechanical Engineering Science.
2. Page, M.G (2012) Science for Mechanical Engineering Technicians.
3. Hanner and Hillier, (2002) Mechanical Engineering Science.
4. Titcomb, K. (1994) Mechanical Engineering Science.
61
7.0 PAPER STRUCTURE
This paper consists of two sections as follows:
SECTION A [40marks]
This section consists of one compulsory question.
SECTION B [60marks]
This section consists of seven questions. Candidates are required to choose 4 questions. Each
question carries 15 marks.
62
SUBJECT TITLE: BASIC COMMUNICATION
DURATION: 180 HOURS
1.0 AIM
The aim of the subject is to prepare the student for effective communication in business
By the end of the course the student should be able to:
2.1 apply language skills in business.
2.2 write business documents in clear and logical English.
2.3 use acquired communication skills to satisfy business needs.
2.4 apply effective communication techniques in business.
2.5 prepare for different types of meetings
3.0 TOPICS
3.1 COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLES

3.2 WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
3.3 BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
3.4 LANGUAGE
3.5 COMPREHENSION AND SUMMARY
3.6 LETTERS
3.7 INVITATIONS
3.8 NOTICES AND MEMOS
3.9 TELEPHONE
3.10 TELEGRAM
3.11 TELEX
3.12 REPORTS
3.13 ORAL COMMUNICATION
3.14 RECEPTION SKILLS
3.15 MEETINGS
63
4.0 CONTENT
4.1 COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLES
4.1.1 Define business communication.
4.1.2 Define communication channel.
4.1.3 Identify major communication channels.
4.1.4 Draw and discuss a simple diagram of the communication process.
4.1.5 Identify the various methods of communication, as well as their

advantages and disadvantages.
4.1.6 Select and use the most effective method of communication in a

business context.
4.1.7 Explain the importance of transmitting accurate information in an

organisation.
4.1.8 Explain the effect of poor communication in an organisation.
4.2 WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
4.2.1 State the advantages and disadvantages of written communication.
4.2.2 Use language effectively.
45.2.3 Correctly present business documents.
4.2.4 Identify, discuss and apply the concept of the ‘seven (7) Cs’ of written
communication which are:
- Clarity
- Completeness
- Conciseness
- Concreteness
- Correctness
- Consideration
- Courtesy
4.2.5 Make notes from:
- written work
- observation
64
- listening
- dictation
- newspapers and blocks
- films/videos
4.3 LANGUAGE
4.3.1 Construct sentences that communicate effectively.
4.3.2 Use the correct style, and business jargon in appropriate situations.
4.3.3 Use objective language in communicating.
4.3.4 Correctly identify meanings of words.
4.3.5 Use direct and indirect speech correctly.
4.3.6 Use preposition and punctuation marks correctly.
4.3.7 Construct a good paragraph showing the following characteristics:
- Topic sentence
- Developers
- Transitional Devices
- Terminator
4.3.8 Organise written material logically.
4.4 COMPREHENSION AND SUMMARY
4.4.1 Analyse a written passage and correctly answer any given questions.
4.4.2 Identify key points from the given passage and write a short summary of
the passage.
4.4.3 Identify meanings of words and phrases from a given context.
4.5 LETTERS
4.5.1 Write letters in accordance with the current fully-blocked, open-

punctuation method.
4.5.2 Use the ‘PEA KISS’ letter writing plan.
4.5.3 Produce the following letters:

- Enquiry and reply
65
- Quotation
- Order
- Acknowledgement
- Complaints
- Adjustments
- Collections
- Application and C.V.
4.6 INVITATION
Students should be able to write formal and informal invitations for

business occasions.
4.7 NOTICES AND MEMOS
4.7.1 Differentiate between a notice and memo.
4.7.2 State the uses of notice and memo.
4.7.3 Identify the major components of a notice and memo.
4.7.4 Write a memo using the fully-blocked method.
4.7.5 Write a notice for the company notice board.
4.8 TELEPHONE
4.8.1 Use the telephone effectively.
4.8.2 Write a telephone message from a telephone conversation.
4.8.3 Explain the use and effect of an answering machine in the office.
4.8.4 Discuss the impact of cell phones on business communication.
4.8.5 Explain the use and effect of mobile telephone services.
4.8.6 Explain the effect of picture-phones on communication.
66
4.9 TELEGRAM
4.9.1 Explain the role of the Post Office in communication today.
4.9.2 Explain the effect of the telegram in communication.
4.9.3 Correctly layout a telegram.
4.10 TELEX
4.10.1 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of telex in

communication.
4.10.2 Use a telex machine.
4.11 REPORTS
4.11.1 Identify types of business reports; namely:
- Letter Reports
- Memorandum Reports
- Eye-Witness Reports
4.11.2 Write reports from their own investigation or observation, or from

given notes.
4.11.3 Explain functions of reports in organisations.
4.12 ORAL COMMUNICATION
4.12.1 Define oral communication.
4.12.2 Discuss advantages and disadvantages of oral communication.
4.12.3 Correctly answer questions during a job interview.
4.12.4 Communicate information in clear, and correctly structured

English.
4.12.5 Correctly interpret information presented orally.
4.12.6 Recognise and correct common grammatical and pronunciation

errors.
67
4.13 RECEPTION SKILLS
4.13.1 Explain the basic requirements for a reception area.
4.13.2 Identify attributes/qualities of a good receptionist.
4.13.3 Identify important duties of receptionist.
4.13.4 Identify a receptionist’s important job skills.
4.14 MEETINGS
4.14.1 Define different types of meetings.
4.14.2 Identify requirements for meetings.
4.14.3 Take notes from meetings.

4.14.4 Write Notice, Agenda and Minutes of meetings.
4.14.5 Understand the terminology of meetings.
4.14.6 List the roles and duties of:
- Chairman
- Secretary
- Treasurer
- Committee members
MODE OF ASSESSMENT WEIGHTING
EXAMINABLE
SUBJECTS EXAMINATION CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT 100%
40%
60%
2. Basic 3 hour written A minimum of

Communication examination 100%
310/19/S02 • 2 Theory assignments 20%
• 2 Tests 20%
68
1. Gartside L. 1992 Model Business Letter 4th ELBS Longman UK

Ed.
2. Little P. 1979 English for the Office Pitman London

Publishing
3. Woolcott 1983 Communication for McMillan

L.D. & Urwin Business & Secretarial
W.R Studies
4. Little P. 2001 Communication in Pitman London

Business 3rd Ed. Publishing
5. Sillars S. 1988 Success in John Murray UK

Communication 3rd
Edition
6. Mavor W.F. 1988 English for Business ELBS Pitman London

Publishing
7. Moore B. 2000 English for Business Pitman London

Publishing
8. Evans D. 2002 Communication at Work Pitman London

Publishing
69
SUBJECT NAME : ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
CODE : 402/19/S01
DURATION : 80Hours
1.0 PREAMBLE
The syllabus is designed to develop a culture of entrepreneurship among students and equip them
with knowledge to start and run sustainable business enterprises regardless of Gender,
HIV/AIDS Status or being physically challenged. The syllabus will run for 80 hours (1 year) on
both full-time and part-time basis. The student will be assessed through field-based assignments,
continuous assessment and tests and final examination. It shall embrace innovative heritage-
based education and training philosophy to solve national problems and to produce goods and
services for industrialization and modernisation.
2.0 AIM
The syllabus is designed to develop a culture of responsible and sustainable entrepreneurship in

students, equipping them with knowledge, attitudes and skills to run a business enterprise.
By the end of the course, the student should be able to:
3.1 Produce students with relevant knowledge, attitudes and skills to run a small business.
3.2 Analyse the origins and causes of employment syndrome among indigenous
Zimbabweans.
3.3 Assess the need to create employment for self and others as a first priority after
graduation.
3.4 Generate a viable business plan.
3.5 Discuss the roles of management in a business.
70
3.6 Apply tips of customer care in a business environment.
3.7 Explain the importance of costing and pricing in running a business.
3.8 Describe the importance of record keeping and stock control in business.
3.9 Produce a marketing plan for a business.
3.10 Examine various business growth strategies.
3.11 Discuss the importance of risk covers in entrepreneurship.
3.12 Analyse the various legal statutory provisions applicable to business in Zimbabwe.
3.13 Discuss the importance of business ethics to an entrepreneur.
4.0 TOPICS
▪ Entrepreneurship.
▪ Business Environment in Zimbabwe.
▪ Human Resources Management.
▪ Business Management.
▪ Customer Care.
▪ Costing and Pricing.
▪ Recording Keeping and Stock Control.
▪ Marketing.
▪ Risk Management.
▪ Business Ethics and Social Responsibility.
5.0 CONTENT
5.1 ENTREPRENEURSHIP
5.1.1 Define entrepreneurship.
5.1.2 Discuss the various concepts of Entrepreneurship.
5.1.3 Analyse the various forms of Business Ownership.
5.1.4 Outline the procedures in the formation of various business forms.
71
5.1.5 Identify the advantages and disadvantages of each of the business form.
5.2 BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN ZIMBABWE

5.2.1 Analyse the causes of the existence of the employment syndrome in indigenous
Zimbabweans.
5.2.2 Examine the history and culture of business ownership patterns in Zimbabwe.
5.2.3 Discuss the macro and micro environment factors affecting entrepreneurship in
Zimbabwe.
5.2.4 State the importance of a business plan to a business.
5.2.5 Generate a business plan.
5.3 HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

5.3.1 Define human resources management.
5.3.2 Explain the human resources management process.
5.3.3 Discuss the importance of human resources management to the entrepreneur.
5.3.4 Outline theories of staff motivation in business.
5.4 BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

5.4.1 Define business management.
5.4.2 Explain the roles of management in a business e.g. Planning Organising, Leading and
Controlling.
5.4.3 Discuss the importance of computers as a business management tool (record keeping,
stock control, accounts, and production control).
5.5 CUSTOMER CARE

5.5.1 Define customer care.
5.5.2 Discuss ten tips of customer care.
5.5.3 Explain benefits of customer care to an entrepreneur.
72
5.6 COSTING AND PRICING
5.6.1 Define various costing and pricing terms.
5.6.2 Explain the importance of costing to a business.
5.6.3 Analyse the costing processes of a product in a business.
5.6.4 Calculate prices of products.
5.6.5 Describe pricing strategies.
5.7 RECORD KEEPING AND STOCK CONTROL

5.7.1 Define record keeping and stock control in business.
5.7.2 Describe the importance of record keeping and stock control.
5.7.3 Identify source business documents.
5.7.4 Explain the purpose of books of accounts (cash books, ledger, etc.)
5.7.5 Outline effective buying and stock control procedures.
5.8 MARKETING
5.8.1 Define marketing.
5.8.2 Devise a marketing plan for a business.
5.8.3 Discuss the marketing mix strategies.
5.8.4 Examine various business growth strategies.
5.9 RISK MANAGEMENT

5.9.1 Define risk management in business.
5.9.2 Discuss the importance of risk covers in entrepreneurship.
5.9.3 Explain the principles of risk management to a business.
5.9.4 Outline the steps involved in the risk management process.
5.9.5 Identify the various risk management strategies in business.
5.10 BUSINESS ETHICS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

5.11 Define business ethics and social responsibility.
5.12 Explain the importance of business ethics to entrepreneurs.
5.13 Outline social responsibility principles.
73
5.14 Explain the importance of social responsibility to the entrepreneur.
MODE OF ASSESSMENT WEIGHTI

EXAMINATION CONTINUOUS NG
40% ASSESSMENT 60% 100%
Entrepreneurial Skills 3 hour written A minimum of

Development examination 2 Assignments 20%
402/19/S01 2 Practical Assignments 20% 100%
2 Tests 20%
7.0 ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATIONS GRID
Weighting 60% Coursework and 40% Examination (as per existing HEXCO rules and
regulations)
TOPIC % WEIGHTING
1 ENTREPRENEURSHIP. 10
2 BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT IN ZIMBABWE. 10
3 HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT. 10
4 BUSINESS MANAGEMENT. 10
5 CUSTOMER CARE. 10
6 COSTING AND PRICING. 10
8 RECORD KEEPING AND STOCK CONTROL. 10
7 MARKETING. 10
9 RISK MANAGEMENT. 10
10 BUSINESS ETHICS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY. 10
TOTAL 100%
74
8.0 PAPER STRUCTURE
Students should answer any 5 from a total of 9 questions. Each question carries 20 marks. Total
100 marks.
NUMBER OF WEIGHTING
QUESTIONS
Entrepreneurship and business environment 2 20%
Human resources management, Business Ethics and Social 2 20%

Responsibility
Business management and risk management 2 20%
Marketing and customer care 1 20%

Costing and pricing, record keeping and stock control 2 20%
TOTAL 9 100%
1. Hisrich. R. D. and Peters M. P. (2016) Entrepreneurship Tatq McGraw Hill New Delphi
2. Holt, D T. (2017) Entrepreneurship Prentice Hall London
3. Jarskoy H. and Stevenson D. (2014) International labour organisation start Your Business.
ILO. Harare
4. Marcouse, I. (2016) Business studies 2nd Ed Hodder Arnold. London
5. McGuckin F. (2014) Business for beginners: Step by Step to start your new business
East Leigh Management services. London
6. Need Harm D and Dransfield R (2000) Advanced Business and Dexel Oxford
7. Stoner J.A.F; Freeman. R.E. and Gilbert. D. R. JR. (2017) Management 6th Edition
Prentice Hall International Englenwood Cliffs. New Jersey.
8. Zimmerer T. W. and Scaborough, N. M. (2015) Essentials of Entrepreneurship and small
business Management Prentice Hall. New Delhi
75
SUBJECT NAME : NATIONAL STUDIES
CODE : 401/19/S01
DURATION : 80 Hours
1.0 PREAMBLE
The course is designed to develop a patriotic, informed, responsible and accountable citizen who
actively participates in sustainable nation building and development regardless of Gender,
HIV/AIDS Status or physically challenged. The course will run for 80 hours (1 year) on both
full-time and part-time basis. The student will be assessed through field-based assignments,
continuous assessment and tests and final examination. It shall embrace innovative heritage-
based education and training philosophy to solve national problems and to produce goods and
services for industrialization and modernisation.
2.0 AIM
The subject is designed to cultivate values of patriotism, national identity, national unity and
commitment to sustainable national development.
By the end of the programme, the student should be able to:
3.1 Demonstrate patriotism.

3.2 Analyse the socio-economic and political structures of pre-colonial societies in relation to
the development of Zimbabwe.
3.3 Discuss the causes, prosecution and results of the First and Second Chimurenga.
3.4 Evaluate post-colonial socio-economic and political development policies put in place to
correct colonial imbalances.
3.5 Examine Zimbabwe’s cultural elements and natural resources on sustainable
development of the economy.
3.6 Discuss the importance of regional and international relations to Zimbabwe’s socio-
economic and political development.
3.7 Explain the law-making process and the role of the constitution
76
3.8 Exhibit an understanding of the legal framework in Zimbabwe.
3.9 Demonstrate an appreciation of the conflict transformation and resolution styles.
4.0 TOPICS
4.1 CIVIC EDUCATION

4.2 CULTURE AND HERITAGE
4.3 PRE AND COLONIAL ZIMBABWEAN HISTORY
4.4 POST-COLONIAL ZIMBABWE
4.5 LEGAL AND PARLIAMENTARY STUDIES
4.6 REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
4.7 CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION AND RESOLUTIONS
5.0 CONTENT
5.1 CIVIC EDUCATION
5.1.1 Define civic education.
5.1.2 Outline the background to the introduction of National Studies.
5.1.3 Explain the importance of National Studies to the sustainable development

of Zimbabwe.
5.2 CULTURE AND HERITAGE
5.2.1 Define culture and heritage.
5.2.2 Explain the importance of cultural heritage elements of the Zimbabwean people.
5.2.3 Demonstrate aspects of multicultural diversity and development amongst Zimbabweans.

5.2.4 Examine the importance of natural resources to the Zimbabwean community.
5.2.5 Discuss the impact of the natural resources and heritage to the development of
Zimbabwe.
5.3 PRE AND COLONIAL ZIMBABWEAN HISTORY

5.3.1 Analyse pre-colonial societies’ socio-economic and political structures.
5.3.2 Diagnose the impact of pre-colonial systems and civilisation on development of
Zimbabwe.
77
5.3.3 Compare and contrast pre-colonial societies and present-day societies.
5.3.4 Assess the various reasons for the colonisation of Zimbabwe.
5.3.5 Analyse the causes and the major events of the First Chimurenga and Second
Chimurenga.
5.3.6 Examine the results of the two struggles.
5.4 POST-COLONIAL ZIMBABWE

5.4.1 Outline the socio-economic and political policies implemented by the government of
Zimbabwe since 1980.
5.4.2 Analyse the background and causes to the Third Chimurenga.
5.4.3 Examine the periodical holding and importance of elections in Zimbabwe from 1980 to
date.
5.5 LEGAL AND PARLIAMENTARY STUDIES
5.5.1 Define law.
5.5.2 Explain the origins of law.
5.5.3 Analyse the law-making process in Zimbabwe.
5.5.4 Evaluate the three arms of the state.
5.5.1 Examine the provisions of the Constitution of Zimbabwe.
5.6 REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
5.6.1 Define regional and international relations.
5.6.2 Identify the 3C’s to International relations.
5.6.3 Classify the functions of diplomatic missions.
5.6.4 Examine the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in the countries they
operate in.
5.6.5 Assess Zimbabwe’s foreign policy.

5.6.6 Evaluate the impact of creditors on the development of Zimbabwe.
78
5.6.7 Analyse the importance of media to the development of Zimbabwe.
5.7 CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION AND RESOLUTIONS

5.7.1 Explain the various causes of conflict.
5.7.2 Analyse African traditional conflict resolution methods used during the pre-colonial
times.
5.7.3 Outline Conflict management and resolution styles.
5.7.4 Discuss the strategies for sustaining peace.
MODE OF ASSESSMENT WEIGHTING

100%
EXAMINATION 40% CONTINUOUS
ASSESSMENT 60%
NATIONAL 3 hour written examination A minimum of

STUDIES 2 Assignments 20%
2 Practical Assignments 20% 100%
: 401/19/S01
2 Tests 20%
7.0 ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATIONS GRID
SECTION A: ZIMBABWE HISTORY AND CULTURE (40%)
Civic education, culture and heritage and Zimbabwe History.
SECTION B: LEGAL AND PARLIAMENTARY STUDIES (20%)
Law, origins and purposes, arms of the state and provisions of the constitution of
Zimbabwe.
SECTION C: REGIONAL & INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (20%)
79
The nature of international relations, regional organisations, public international
organisation, global politics, Zimbabwe’s foreign policy development, international
economic relations, international capital and Imperialism, the role and functions of the
media
SECTION D: CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION AND RESOLUTIONS (20%)

Causes of conflict, African traditional conflict resolution methods, conflict
management and resolution styles, strategies for sustaining peace.
8.0 PAPER STRUCTURE
Students should answer any 5 from a total of 9 questions. Each question carries 20 marks. Total
100 marks.
NUMBER OF WEIGHTING
QUESTIONS
Civic education, culture & heritage and Zimbabwe history 3 40%
Law, origins and purposes, arms of the state and provisions 2 20%
of the constitution of Zimbabwe
The nature of international relations, regional organisations, 2 20%
public international organisations, global politics,
Zimbabwe’s foreign policy development, international
economic relations, International capital and imperialism
and the role and functions of the media.
Causes of conflict, African traditional conflict resolution 2 20%
methods,
Conflict management and resolution styles,
strategies for sustaining peace.
TOTAL 9 100%
80
1. Banerjee A. E. (2017), Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global
Poverty
2. Beach D. N. (1986) War and Politics in Zimbabwe 1840-1900. Mambo Press: Gweru
3.Bhebhe N. & Ranger O. (1995) Society in Zimbabwe’s Liberation War. Volume2.
University of Zimbabwe Publications: Harare
4. Booth, D. & Diana C. (2015) (latest edition) "From Good Governance to Governance that
Work." In: David Booth & Diana Cammack Governance for Development in Africa.
Solving Collective Action Problems. London: Zed Books, 25 pages.
5. Brett, E. A. (2017) (latest edition) Reconstructing Development Theory. International
inequality, institutional reform and social emanicipation. London: Palgrave Macmillan,
80 pages. (also used in module 3)
6. Christie R. H. (1998). Business law in Zimbabwe. 2nd ed. Kenwyn: Juta: Pretoria
7. Collier, P. (2016) The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries are Failing and What
Can Be Done About It
8. Conteh M. E. (2015) (latest edition) Collective political violence: An introduction to the
theories and cases of violent conflicts. New York: Routledge, 200 pages.
9. Easterly, W. (2017) The Elusive Quest for Growth: Economists' Adventures and
Misadventures in the Tropics
10. Evans, P.B. (2018) (latest edition). "Constructing the 21st century democratic
development states: potentialities and pitfalls." In: Omano Edigheji (eds.) Constructing a
democratic developmental state in South Africa: potentials and challenges. Cape Town,
South Africa: HSRC Press, 26 pages.
11. Hisrich. R. D. and Peters M P (2012) Entrepreneurship Tatq McGraw Hill New Delphi
12. Holt, D. T. (2007) Entrepreneurship Prentice Hall London
13. Jarskoy H. and Stevenson D. (2010) International labour organisation start Your Business.
ILO. Harare
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Can Improve the World Even More
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Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 408 pages.
81
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the Wealth and Poverty of Nations
17. Mandaza I. (1980) Zimbabwe: The Political Economy of Transition1980- 1986.Codesria
Book Series: London
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Ed Hodder Arnold. London
19. McGuckin F. (2010) Business for beginners: Step by Step to start your new business
East Leigh Management services. London
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states in Africa." In: Omano Edigheji (eds.) Constructing a democratic developmental
state in South Africa: potentials and challenges Cape Town, South Africa: HSRC Press,
25 pages.
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Zimbabwe Publishing House: Harare
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82
MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION,
INNOVATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT
HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATION COUNCIL
(HEXCO)
QUALIFICATION STANDARD
FOR
DRAFTSPERSON
83
SECTOR: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
QUALIFICATION FOR A DRAFTSPERSON
QUALIFICATION CODE: TBA
LEVEL: NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
DATE OF PROMULGATION: TBA
84
Definition of Terms
Assessment A process of collecting evidence of a learner’s work to measure and make

judgements about the achievement or non-achievement of the specified
National Qualifications Framework standards or qualifications.
Certification Awarding of approved documentary evidence of a qualification.
Competences Critical relevant knowledge, skills and attitudes a learner requires in order
required in to achieve specified outcomes before assessment.
readiness for
assessment
Credit The value assigned to a unit completed or a value assigned to a unit

standard which reflects the relative time and effort required to complete
the outcomes.
Date of Date when standard and qualification have been approved, registered and
promulgation gazetted.
Duration The minimum notional hours required by a learner to attain all the
competences in a unit standard.
Element The smallest component of a unit with a meaningful outcome.
Generic skills Universal skills which apply to more than one occupation.
Level descriptor A specific indicator of competence level on the ZQF.
Occupation A group of related economically beneficial work activities performed by a

person.
Performance A statement of competence or achievement against which the attainment

criteria of outcomes is measured.
Qualification Formal award of recognition of the achievement of the required

competency and/or capability level of the Zimbabwe Qualifications
Framework as may be determined by the relevant bodies registered for
such purpose by the Authority.
Range statement The context or conditions within which a competence is performed and
assessed that include tools, equipment, materials and duration.
Review Date Date of revision of qualification standard as and when necessary but not
later than three years from date of issue.
85
Sector A section of the economy in which operators produce or provide similar

products or services.
Standard Registered statement of desired education and training outcomes and their
assessment criteria.
Unit The smallest combination of work activities capable of being a full-time

economically beneficial occupation.
Unit Standard Registered statement(s) of desired education and training outcomes, their
associated assessment criteria together with administrative information as
specified.
ZQF National qualifications framework approved by the minister for

registration of national standards and qualifications.
86
LEVEL DESCRIPTORS
[TBA]
(Information on the description of levels still pending)
87
UNIT TITLES
NO. UNIT CREDITS

1 Safety, Health Environment and Quality Maintenance 8
2 Draughting Production 12
3 Graphic Designing 4
4 Project supervision 12
88
SUMMARY OF STANDARD
UNIT NO. UNIT TITLE CREDITS ELEMENTS

1. Safety, Health 4 1.1 Maintain safe work environment
Environment and 1.2 Use appropriate Personal Protective
Quality Maintenance Equipment (PPE)
1.3 Comply with Environmental
Management Systems (EMS)
1.4 Perform housekeeping duties
1.5 Maintain organisational quality
standards
1.6 Conduct safety awareness
2 Draughting Production 12 2.1 Conduct research

2.2 Design possible solutions
2.3 Select suitable solution
2.4 Model and test solution
2.5 Produce/ develop solution diagram
2.6 Produce working drawing
2.7 Produce Bill of quantities
3 Graphic Designing 4 3.1 Identify need/ problem

3.2 Conduct site visit
3.3 Conduct market research
3.4 Design possible solutions
3.5 Produce selected solution
3.6 Provide technical support
4 Project supervision 12 4.1 Interpret drawing

4.2 Monitor adherence to standards
4.3 Verify Specification and measurement
4.4 Prepare project handover
89
UNIT 1
Unit Title: SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTISES

Unit Code
Level of Unit: NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
Credits: 4
Occupation: DRAUGHTSPERSON
Date of Promulgation: TBA
Review Date: TBA
AIM
This unit will enable an individual to produce quality products in safe and environmentally
friendly manner.
ELEMENT AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
Element 1.1 Maintain safe working environment
Performance Criteria:
1.1.1 Potential hazards faced at work are identified

1.1.2 Health and safety regulations are observed
1.1.3 Safe working procedures are practised
1.1.4 Routine tests, checks and inspections of machines and tools are carried out according to
specifications/standards
1.1.5 Deteriorations are identified
1.1.6 New tools are ordered as required
1.1.7 Machine capacity and colour codes are labelled
1.1.8 Moveable parts are secured
Element 1.2 Use appropriate PPE
1.2.1 Risk assessment is carried out
1.2.2 Appropriate PPC is worn
1.2.3 Appropriate PPE is used
90
Element 1.3 Comply with environmental management systems
1.1.1 Potential hazards to the environment are identified
1.1.2 Relevant statutory instruments are adhered to
1.1.3 Waste is disposed of in line with local regulations
Element 1.4 Perform Housekeeping
1.4.1 Working area cleaned after use
1.4.2 Gangways cleared of obstacles
1.4.3 Waste materials segregated according to class of material
1.4.4 Floors are watered regularly to minimise dust
1.4.5 Tools and equipment cleaned and properly stored after use
Element 1.5 Maintain organisational quality standards
1.5.1 Laid down standards are followed
1.5.2 Product quality specifications are adhered
1.5.3 Quality checks are conducted
Element 1.6 Conduct safety awareness
1.6.1 New personnel are inducted on safety regulations

1.6.2 Proper protective equipment for workshop operations/jobs is provided
1.6.3 Safety signs and symbols are displayed on right positions on and around workplaces
1.6.4 Records of incidents and accident are kept in line company policy
Competencies Required in Readiness for Assessment:
Knowledge of standard mechanical practices

Safety, health environmental and quality regulations and procedures
Common Essential Skills:
Planning
Numeracy
91
Tool handling
Knowledge of health and safety requirements in a factory environment
Focus on quality and output performance
Coordination
Problem solving
Computer literacy
First Aid
Ability to train and develop team members
Tools and equipment
First aid kit.
Safety signs and symbols.
Awareness campaigns material.
Range Statement:
Materials
Stationery
PPE
Duration: 40 hours
ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION: TBA
In order to gain credits for this unit standard a candidate must be assessed and demonstrate
competency in all elements and performance criteria of this unit standard.
Assessment will be conducted by accredited assessors. The result of the assessment will be
submitted to ZIMEQA.A candidate can apply to ZIMEQA for documentary evidence of their
achievement.
92
UNIT 2
Title 2: DRAUGHTING PRODUCTION
Unit Code
ZQF Level: National Certificate
Credits: 60
Occupation: Draftsperson
Review Date: TBA
Aim of the unit standard
The unit will enable an individual to produce detailed technical diagrams.
ELEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
Element 2.1 Conduct research
2.1.1 Existing models are identified

2.1.2 Preliminary sketches/ideas are produced
2.1.3 Sketches/ideas are analysed against standards
2.1.4 Report is produced
Element 2.2 Design possible solution
2.2.1 Ideas are generated

2.2.2 Ideas are analysed as per specification
2.2.3 Creativity and innovation are illustrated
2.2.4 Design concepts adopted
93
Element 2.3 Select suitable solution
2.3.1 Design concepts analysed as per client specifications

2.3.2 Solution selection justification outlined
2.3.3 SHEQ is applied
Element 2.4 Develop solution diagram
2.4.1 Dimensions are tested to the desired outcome

2.4.2 Shapes are tested
2.4.3 Refinements and additions are outlined
Element 2.5 Model solution
2.5.1 Materials selected as per specifications

2.5.2 Materials selection justified
2.5.3 Components assembled as per diagram
2.5.4 Model tested for functionality
2.5.5 Necessary adjustments recommended
Element 2.6 Produce working diagram
2.6.1 Title block indicated

2.6.2 Scale determined as per paper size
2.6.3 Angle of projection indicated
2.6.4 Diagram constructed as per specifications
2.6.5 Notes presented
2.6.6 Materials are quantified
2.6.7 International technical standards adhered to
94
Element 2.7 Produce Bill of quantities
2.7.1 Material quantities verified as per drawing

2.7.2 Material quotation sourced
2.7.3 Production cost estimated
2.7.4 Bill of quantities calculated
Competences required in readiness for assessment.
Mathematical manipulation
Tool handling
Material property testing skills
Geometrical projection drawing
Orthographic drawing
Modelling
Colour literacy
Artistic skills
Designing skills
Technical diagrams production
Sketching
Generic Skills
Communication
Computer literacy
Organising
Numeracy
Planning
Analytical
Tools and equipment
Computer and accessories

Drawing board
Drawing set
T -square
Set squares
Plotter
PPE
Printer
Scale rules
Statutes
Building By-Laws
Drawing standards
95
Design data
Statutory Instrument (S.I)
Materials
Drawing software
Stationery
Rubber/eraser
Duration 600 hours
ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION:
In order to gain credits for this unit standard, a candidate must be assessed and demonstrate
competency in all the elements and performance criteria of this unit standard.
Assessment will be conducted by accredited assessors. The results of the assessment will be
submitted to ZIMEQA. A candidate can apply to ZIMEQA for documentary evidence of their
achievements.
96
UNIT 3
Title 3: GRAPHIC DESIGNING
Unit Code
Credits: 4
Review Date: TBA
The unit will enable an individual to design graphic diagrams that communicate
Element 3.1 Identify need/problem
4.1.1 Design specifications are analysed against standards

4.1.2 Design process summarised as design brief statement
4.1.3 Feedback presented
Element 3.2 Conduct site visit
4.2.1 Site equip/tools/ gadgets specifications outlined

4.2.2 Nature of environment is considered to satisfy desired solution/ design
4.2.3 SHEQ standards adhered to
4.2.4 Site visit report produced
97
Element 3.3 Conduct market research
4.3.1 Existing solutions related to the problem are identified

4.3.2 Preliminary sketches/ideas are produced
4.3.3 Sketches ideas are analysed against standards
4.3.4 Possible solutions are recommended/profiled
Element 3.4 Design possible solutions
4.4.1 Solution ideas are generated

4.4.2 Solution ideas are analysed as per specifications
4.4.3 Creativity and innovations are illustrated
4.4.4 Critics of various ideas are considered to satisfy desired outcomes
3.4.5 Design concepts are adopted
Element 3.5 Produce selected solution
4.5.1 Selected sketch is developed

4.5.2 Measurements are tested to satisfy desired outcomes
4.5.3 Shapes are tested to satisfy desired outcomes
4.5.4 Governing standards adhered to
Element 3.6 Provide Technical solution
3.4.1 Adherence on size of the solution monitored

3.4.2 Material specifications adhered to
3.4.3 Aesthetic qualities in relation to the surrounding environment
3.4.4 Future considerations recommended/considered
98
Craftsmanship
Interpreting
Accuracy
Presentation
Knowledge of material specifications
Knowledge of By-Laws and Local Standards
Generic Skills
Communication
Computer literacy
Innovativeness
Human relations
Organising
Supervision
Planning
Analytical
Tools and equipment

Scissors
Scapel blades
Scale rule
Work bench
Straight edge
Personal Protective Clothing
Materials
Paint
Sheet bond
Mounting board
Glue
Eraser
Duration 240 hours
achievements.
99
UNIT 4
Title 4: PROJECT SUPERVISION
Unit Code
Credits: 12
Review Date: TBA
The unit will enable an individual to perform quality control of the production process
Element 4.1 Interpret drawing
4.1.1 Important notes interpreted

4.1.2 Desired specifications illustrated
4.1.3 Adjustments are applied where necessary
Element 4.2 Monitor Adherence to standards
4.2.1 Laws and regulations are observed

4.2.2 SHE precautions adhered to
4.2.3 Boundaries are observed as per specifications
100
Element 4.3 Verify specifications and measurements
4.3.1 Site visits are carried out
4.3.2 Materials analysed as per specifications
4.3.3 Measurements confirmed as per diagram
4.3.4 Progress report compiled

Report writing
Supervision
Knowledge of contracts
Ratios and proportions
Building materials
Quality controlling
Generic Skills
Communication
Computer literacy
Innovativeness
Human relations
Organising
Supervision
Planning
Analytical
Tools and equipment

Vehicle
Measuring instruments
Personal protective clothing
Drawings (plans)
Materials
Stationery
Duration 120 hours
achievements.
101
MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION, CODE
INNOVATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

SKILLS PROFICIENCY SCHEDULE
INDUSTRY TRADE/ OCCUPATION CLASS/ LEVEL
MECHANICAL TECHNICAL GRAPHICS NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
DUTY A: MAINTAIN SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT 10
Pre-requisites: Approval Date: Review Date:
TASK STEPS PROFICIENCY INDICATORS RELATED WORKPLACE
KNOWLEDGE ESSENTIAL SKILLS
A 1: Observe ✓ Carry out risk assessment ➢ Risk assessment report
personal health ✓ Put on appropriate personal produced
protective gear. ➢ Warning signs observed ▪ Work shop ➢ Numeracy
and safety
✓ Interpret safety warning signs ➢ Personal protective gear practice ➢ Reading text
✓ Use safety regulation rules worn. ▪ Electronics ➢ Communication
✓ Use correct tool for the right job ➢ Correct tool used for job ▪ First aid. skill.
✓ Handle tools and equipment and properly handled ▪ Tool
appropriately ➢ Accident register handling
✓ Maintain accident report register. maintained. techniques
A2: Demonstrate ✓ Ensure personal safety. ➢ Personal safety ensured.

First Aid ✓ Call for nearby assistance. ➢ Victim removed from
✓ Remove victim from danger danger
following laid down procedure. ➢ Assistance from nearby
102
Procedures ✓ Introduce yourself to the victim. obtained.

✓ State your intention to the victim ➢ Appropriate first aid
✓ Assess victim condition rendered.
✓ Communicate with victim (where
necessary)
✓ Render appropriate first aid action as
required
✓ Call for medical assistance
✓ Document incident
A3: Maintain ✓ Put on appropriate PPE. ➢ Appropriate PPE worn

Safe working ✓ Barricade the working area. ➢ Barricades installed
Environment ✓ Practice safe working environment ➢ Safety precautions
✓ Place tools and equipment in observed.
appropriate positions. ➢ Tools and equipment well
✓ Tidy up the places as per procedure placed.
✓ Segregate the waste ➢ Appropriate tools used for
✓ Dispose waste following laid down right job.
procedure ➢ Tolls and equipment
✓ Store tools and equipment as per checklist availed
standard. ➢ Waste management
disposal procedures
observed.
103
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NECESSARY TO COMPLETE THIS DUTY:

- First aid kit.
- Safety signs and symbols.
- Awareness campaigns material.
HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES RELATED TO THIS DUTY:

- Personal protective gear
- Use of proper insulated tools
- Use of calibrated instruments in compliance to ISO standards
- Free gang ways at the worksite
- Floors free of slippery conditions
- Safety insignia post at all relevant areas.
SPECIFIC WORKER TRAITS REQUIRED COMPLETING THIS DUTY:

- Team work
- Sober mindedness
- Communication
- Honesty
- Punctuality
- Target orientated.
104

DUTYB: PRODUCE DRAUGHTING DRAWINGS 35
TASK STEPS PROFICIENCY RELATED WORKPLACE
INDICATORS KNOWLEDGE ESSENTIAL SKILLS
B1. Analyse ✓ Consider client’s ➢ List of client requirement ▪ Accuracy o Analytical
situation/problem specifications generated ▪ Analytical o Communication
✓ Facto in designer’s ➢ Additional information ▪ Arithmetic o Computer literacy
specifications\specify added on client’s ▪ Artistic o Estimation
required by-law and requirements ▪ Auto-CAD o Human relations
regulations ➢ By-laws and regulations ▪ Colour literacy o Innovativeness
✓ Identify necessary resources adhered to ▪ Craftsmanship o Organising
✓ Provide client with estimated ➢ List of required resources ▪ Creative o Planning
cost produced ▪ Detailing standards o Research
➢ Quotation of presented ▪ Engineering drawing o Supervision
situation produced principles o Technical Graphics
B2: Conduct site ✓ Select appropriate tool and ➢ Tools and equipment ▪ Freehand sketches
visit equipment checklist produced ▪ Interpretation of
✓ Observe SHEQ ➢ SHEQ checklist produced concepts
✓ Seek access permit/authority ➢ Access permit/authority ▪ Knowledge of By-
✓ Define designated site letter presented Laws and Local
✓ Locate actual geographical ➢ Technical site survey Standards
105
coordinates positions report produced ▪ Knowledge of

✓ Take measurements ➢ Sign off documents geometry language
✓ Outline site characteristics presented ▪ Knowledge of material
specifications
B3. Conduct ➢ Relate situation to existing ➢ Different designs availed ▪ Knowledge of
research designs ➢ Advantages and properties of materials,
➢ Analyse design in relation to disadvantages noted proportions and ratios
specifications ➢ List of resources compiled ▪ Knowledge of scales
✓ Establish appropriate required ➢ Governing standards ▪ Plotter/Printer
resources adhered to operating knowledge
✓ Many designs with by-laws ➢ Presentation report ▪ Presentation
and regulations produced ▪ Research
✓ Present research findings ▪ Costing
B4. Design ✓ Select tools, material and ➢ Appropriate tools,
possible solution equipment materials and equipment
✓ Generate different designs checklist generated
✓ Analyse generated designs in ➢ Different designs
relation to specifications presented
✓ Present generated designs ➢ Comparison schedule and
✓ Modify selected designs designs produced
➢ Presentation report
produced
➢ Additional aspects on
selected design
B5. Develop ✓ Select tools, material and ➢ Appropriate tools,
selected solution equipment materials and equipment
diagram ✓ Marry client’s input and checklist generated
designers input ➢ Sketch diagram scaled
✓ Develop solution diagram ➢ Solution diagram
✓ Make necessary adjustments developed
✓ Produce solution diagram ➢ Final solution diagram
presented
106
B6. Model ✓ Select tools, material and ➢ Appropriate tools,

developed equipment materials and equipment
solution diagram ✓ Observe SHEQ checklist generated
✓ Prepare necessary materials ➢ SHEQ standards adhered
✓ Assemble/mould prepared to
materials ➢ Necessary materials
✓ Carryout functionality test prepared
✓ Make necessary adjustments ➢ Model
✓ Present prepared model assembled/moulded in line
with required standards
➢ Final model presented
✓ Select tools and equipment ➢ Appropriate tools,
B7. Produce ✓ Select drawing properties materials and equipment
working diagram ✓ Produce working drawing checklist generated
✓ Print produced drawing for ➢ Drawing template
internal approval presented in line with
✓ Print final drawing required specifications
✓ Categories final drawing ➢ Working drawing
produced
➢ Signed and stamped
drawing filed and
dispatched
B8. Produce bill ✓ Source for quotations ➢ Quotations availed

of quantities ✓ Compile comparisons ➢ Comparison schedule
schedule produced
✓ Quantify necessary resources ➢ Resources quantities
✓ Cost necessary resources computed
✓ Aggregate total cost of ➢ Cost of resources
production calculated
✓ Present bill of quantities ➢ Bill of quantities
submitted
107
B9. Submit ✓ Print copies of drawings ➢ Correct number of

drawing for ✓ Obtain plan submission required copies presented
approval quotation ➢ Completed forms and
✓ Process payment supporting quotation presented
documents ➢ Proof of payment attached
✓ Attach proof of payment to to drawing
drawings ➢ Receipt and plan number
✓ Submit documents for issued
approval ➢ Actual drawing stamped
✓ Collect approved document ➢ Building permit received
➢ Plan approval certificate
obtained
Computer
Drawing board
Eraser
Glue
Mounting board
Paint
Personal Protective Clothing
Printer
Scale rules
Scapel blades
Scissors
Sheet bond
Straight edge
T-square
Work bench
Statutes
Building By-laws
108
Drawing standard
Design data
Stationery
▪ Housekeeping
▪ First Aid practices
▪ Fire extinguishers
▪ Personal protective equipment
▪ Adequate lighting and ventilation
▪ Appropriate disposal of refuse according to EMA standards
▪ NSSA Statutory requirements
▪ Observation of safety, health, and environment and quality standards (SHEQ)
SPECIFIC WORKER TRAITS REQUIRED TO COMPLETE THIS DUTY:
• Team work • Punctuality

• Sober mindedness • Honesty
• Good Communicator • Target oriented
• Patient • Smartness
• Eye for detail • Professionalism
• Diligent
109

DUTY C: DESIGN GRAPHICS AND ILLUSTRATIONS 30
C1. Identify ✓ Compile client’s ➢ List of client requirement ▪ Freehand sketches o Analytical
need/problem specifications generated ▪ Interpretation of o Communication
✓ Factor in designer’s ideas ➢ Additional information concepts o Computer literacy
✓ Identify necessary resources added on client’s ▪ Creative o Estimation
✓ Provide client with estimated requirements ▪ Research o Human relations
cost ➢ By-laws and regulations ▪ Understanding of o Innovativeness
adhered to proportions and ratios o Organising
➢ List of required resources ▪ Responsiveness to o Planning
produced environment o Research
➢ Quotation of presented ▪ o Supervision
situation produced o Technical Graphics
C2. Conduct site ✓ Select appropriate tool and ➢ Tools and equipment
survey equipment checklist produced
✓ Observe SHEQ ➢ SHEQ checklist produced
✓ Seek access permit/authority ➢ Access permit/authority
✓ Define designated site letter presented
110
✓ Locate actual geographical ➢ Technical site survey

coordinates positions report produced
✓ Take measurements ➢ Sign off documents
✓ Outline site characteristics presented
C3. Carry out ✓ Relate situation to existing ➢ Different designs availed

market research designs ➢ Research objectives
✓ Set research objectives outlined
✓ Gather necessary information ➢ Necessary information
✓ Analyse gathered information gathered
✓ Present research findings ➢ Information analysed
➢ Research findings
presented within required
timeframes
C4. Design ✓ Select tools, material and ➢ Appropriate tools,
possible solutions equipment materials and equipment
✓ Generate different designs checklist generated
✓ Analyse generated designs in ➢ Different designs
relation to specifications presented
✓ Present generated designs ➢ Comparison schedule and
✓ Modify selected designs designs produced
➢ Presentation report
produced
➢ Additional aspects on
selected design
111
C5. Produce ✓ Select tools, material and ➢ Appropriate tools,

selected solution equipment materials and equipment
✓ Marry client’s input and checklist generated
designers input ➢ Sketch diagram scaled
✓ Develop solution diagram ➢ Solution diagram
✓ Make necessary adjustments developed
✓ Produce solution diagram ➢ Final solution diagram
presented
C6. Provide ✓ Visit proposed site/area ➢ Proposed site visited
technical ✓ Analyse site topography report generated
support/advice ✓ Recommend adjustments if ➢ Description of site
necessary topology produced
✓ Make required resources list ➢ List of required resources
✓ Consider SHED issues compiled
➢ SHEQ regulations adhered
to
Computer
Drawing board
Magazines
Journals
Scale rules
Stationery
Rubber/eraser
112
▪ Housekeeping
• Team work
• Sober mindedness
• Good Communicator
• Patient
• Eye for detail
• Diligent
• Punctuality
• Honesty
• Target oriented
113
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

DUTY D: SUPERVISE PROJECTS 25
D1. Interpret ✓ Identify drawing title block ➢ Drawing title block ▪ Report writing o Analytical
drawings ✓ Consider drawing scale identified ▪ Supervision o Communication
✓ Denote used symbols ➢ Drawing scale noted ▪ Knowledge of contracts o Computer literacy
✓ Explain diagram ➢ Drawing symbols denoted ▪ Ratios and proportions o Estimation
abbreviation ➢ Drawing lined identified ▪ Building materials o Human relations
✓ Identify drawing lines ➢ Drawing colour codes ▪ Quality controlling o Innovativeness
✓ Identify drawing colour identified ▪ Project management o Organising
codes o Planning
D2. Monitor ✓ Check for proper use of ➢ Propoer use of tools and o Research
adherence to tools and equipment equipment observed o Supervision
standards ✓ Observe compliance with ➢ Compliance with safety, o Technical Graphics
safety, health and health and environment
environmental regulations maintained
✓ Verify compliance with by- ➢ By-law and international
laws and international standards adhered to
standards ➢ Standard work produced
✓ Verify work done according
114
to specifications
D3. Monitor project ✓ Visit project site ➢ Project visit report
activities ✓ Analyse project gannt chart produced
✓ Assess project progression ➢ Project completed within
✓ Verify resources utilization stipulated time frames in
rate line with gannt chart
✓ Sign stage completion ➢ Project progress report
certificate generated
D4. Handover ✓ Compile handover ➢ Project documents availed

project documentation ➢ Project inpection report
✓ Conduct project inspection produced
✓ Carryout functionality test ➢ Functionality test
✓ Sign project hand over performed in line with
report procedures
➢ Project handover report
submitted
Vehicle
Measuring instruments
Personal protective clothing
Drawings (plans)
Stationery
▪ Housekeeping
115
• Team work
• Sober mindedness
• Good Communication
• Patience
• Eye for detail
• Diligent
• Punctuality
• Honesty
• Target oriented
116

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NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IN TECHNCIAL GRAPHICS 364/19/CR/0

MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND TERTIARY EDUCATION, INNOVATION, SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

HIGHER EDUCATION EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

REGULATIONS AND SYLLABUS

IMPLEMENTATION DATE: JANUARY 2020

PART 1 COURSE REGULATIONS

3.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

NO SUBJECT TITLE CODE NOTIONAL

7.0 MODE OF STUDY

8.0 ASSESSMENT SCHEME

Basic Communication 3 hour paper A minimum of:

3-hour theory A minimum of:

Skills Proficiency Skills Proficiency Schedule

On the Job Education Submit Logbook

10.0 CONDITIONS OF AWARD

10.4 Candidates should pass all subjects.

13.0 IRREGULAR PRACTICES

LIST OF EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS

2. Barnes and Tilbrook 1985 Theory of Practice of New York Arnold

3. Breackon, A.M 1986 Design and New York Collins

4. Chadley R 1980 Construction Technology

5. Jackson E 1970 Advanced Level Technical London Longman

6. Nash, W. G 1980 Brick Work Books 1 and 2 London Hutchison

7 Voisinet, D. D 1983 Introduction to Computer London McGraw –

8. Willigen V 1970 Engineering Technology London McGraw –

9 Other sources of information e.g Internet, journals

DURATION 130 hours

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

4.2 MANUFACTURING MATERIALS

4.3 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

4.4 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION OF ENGINEERING COMPONENTS

4.5 PICTORIAL DRAWING OF ENGINEERING COMPONENTS

4.7 POWER TRANSMISSION IN ENGINES AND MACHINE TOOLS

4.8 ENGINEERING PRODUCT DESIGN; (accompanied with a A3 design Folio

TOPIC TOPICS WEIGHTING

6.0 SUGGESTED REFERENCES

AUTHOR YEAR TITLE OF THE BOOK PUBLISHER TOWN

2. Barnes and Tilbrook 1985 Theory of Practice of New York Arnold

3. Breackon A.M 1986 Design and New York Collins

4. Chadley R 1980 Construction Technology

5. Jackson E 1970 Advanced Level Technical London Longman

6. Nash, W.G 1980 Brick Work Books 1 and 2 London Hutchison

7 Voisinet, D.D 1983 Introduction to Computer London McGraw –

8. Willigen V 1970 Engineering Technology London McGraw –

4.1 WORKING DRAWINGS

4.3 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

4.4 BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

4.6 PRODUCT DESIGN

5.0 ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATION GRID

TOPIC NO. TOPIC WEIGHTING%

6.0 SUGGESTED REFERENCE BOOKS

2. Barnes and Tilbrook 1985 Theory of Practice of New York Arnold

3. Breackon A.M 1986 Design and New York Collins

4. Chadley R 1980 Construction Technology

5. Jackson E 1970 Advanced Level Technical London Longman

6. Nash, W.G 1980 Brick Work Books 1 and 2 London Hutchison

7 Voisinet, D.D 1983 Introduction to Computer London McGraw –

8. Willigen V 1970 Engineering Technology London McGraw –

7.0 PAPER STRUCTURE

SUBJECT: PLANE AND SOLID GEOMETRY

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

4.7 CONIC SECTIONS

(b) Transition pieces by triangulation (include allowances and sheet metal