328 Chapter 7 The QuantumNecharical Mode of the Atom A FIGURE 7.30 Why Atoms Are Spherical Atoms are depicted as roughly spherical because all the orbitals together make up a roughly Just as a one-dimensional wave has a phase, so does a three-dimensional wave. We “often represent the phase of a quantum-mechanical orbital with color. For example, the phases ofa 1s and 2p orbital ate represented as follows: In these depictions, blue represents positive phase and red represents negative phase. The 1s orbital Is all one phase, whereas the 2p orbital exhibits two different phases. The phase ‘of quantum-mechanical orbitals is important in bonding, as we shall see in Chapter 10. The Shape of Atoms Ifsome orbitals are shaped like dumbbells and three- aa ee 3 anaie 3 30010" Se ee produced by laser C. Arrange the lasers inorder of Increasing wavelength, a) AcBEC © GeBcA 188 % 10 m/s. 2 Acces ee aaa we? » 4) 2.54% 10m b) 3.93 x 10m, © 254 x 101m ) 393 x 10 o®@ 4) Noneottheabore OU O16 CR HL 9 HS @% WE |Z OT SHMsUy