GAS

GAS
EXCHANGE
EXCHANGE
PRAYER
At the end of the session, the learners are expected to:

>compare and contrast the transport and gas exchange in

plants and animals;
>appreciate the importance of transport and gas
exchanges; and
>create a Venn diagram on transport and gas exchange in
plants and animals.
HOMEWORK
Read about Reproduction in plants
and animals and prepare for a
short recitation. Guide questions
for the reading assignment:
a. How does asexual differ from
sexual reproduction?
b. What are the steps in sexual
reproduction among animals?
GAS
GAS
EXCHANGE
EXCHANGE
 Source of
Nutrition

Mechanism to
obtain the
nutrients

Organs and
system
involved
▪ The high mountains of the Himalayas
▪ Have claimed the lives of even the world’s
top mountain climbers
▪ The air at the height of the world’s highest peak,
Mt. Everest
▪ Is so low in oxygen that most
people would pass out
instantly if exposed to it
▪ RESPIRATION

-interchange of O2 and CO2

(organisms-environment)
-provides O2 for cellular
respiration and removes
waste product (CO2 )
 O2
Breathing
▪ Gas exchange
1
CO2

Lung
involves
breathing,
Circulatory system
2
Transport of gases by
transport of the circulatory system
gases, and
exchange of Mitochondria

gases with
3
O2
Exchange of gases CO2

tissue cells With body cells Capillary

Cell
 GAS
EXCHANGE
IN ANIMALS
▪ Diffusion
▪ Do not have blood
▪ Open transport system
▪ Mammalian lungs
contain alveoli (small
air sacs) where gas
exchange takes place
▪ Whales and Dolphins?
(blowholes)
▪ Closed Transport
System
▪ Similar to mammals
▪ Have larger “alveoli”
▪ Varanid-breathe with
their cheeks (buccal
pumping)
▪ Exception: Sea snake-
skin
▪ CTS
▪ Balloon-like
lungs
▪ Gas
exchange
takes place
on the
moist skin
▪ Trachea-breathing
organ
▪ Air goes to
spiracles (tiny
holes) on their skin
▪ Open Transport
System
▪ Gills-environmental
adaptation (water)
▪ Gills are protected by
flaps of operculum made
of up lamellae
▪ Lamellae contain
capillaries
▪ Lung fish?
 GAS
EXCHANGE
IN PLANTS
▪ Happens in root
hairs
▪ Root hairs increase
surface area
▪ Requires soil to be
aerated and moist
▪ Stomata (holes)
-Are tiny openings or pores in plant tissue that
allow for gas exchange. Stomata are typically
found in plant leaves but can also be found in
some stems. Specialized cells known as guard
cells surround stomata and function to open
and close stomatal pores. Stomata allow a
plant to take in carbon dioxide, which is
needed for photosynthesis. They also help to
reduce water loss by closing when conditions
are hot or dry. Stomata look like tiny mouths
which open and close as they assist in
transpiration.
▪ Lenticels (holes)
▪Xerophytes-dry environments
▪Hydrophytes-on surface of water
▪Halophytes-saline water
ACTIVITY
Identify the organ that the
following organisms use to
transport and to exchange
essential gases.
These plants have pneumatophores which are also called aerial roots. when submerged
in water these roots stay on top of water to be able to exchange gas. Their roots are
really impermeable, so salt from these saline waters can’t get into the roots. They also
stop their stomata from opening too many times too be able to stop water loss in leaves.
1. The distribution of essential gases, hormones, and nutrients
to the different parts of the body is the function of the body’s
internal transport system.
2. Most carbohydrates manufactured in leaves and other green
parts are distributed through the phloem to the rest of the
plant.
3. Bird lungs are well developed and with the help of the many
air sacs, they draw in and distribute a large amount of oxygen
to the different parts of the body.
THINGS TO PONDER
1. With this topic today, how can this be related to the pandemic
that everyone in the world experienced?

2. As Ateneans, how can you help other people with this

information that you have learned today?
REFERENCES:
Reece, Jane. B. et. al. (2011). Campbell Biology (9th ed.).
Boston: Pearson.
Rey, J. D. & Ramos, J. M. (2010). General Biology 2. Oxford
University Press.
Taylor, Simon, Dickey and Reece. Campbell Essential
Biology. Pearson Publishing. 6th edition.
PRAYER
END OF
SESSION