Evolution of CARS

Starting To Think
• Several Italians recorded designs for wind
driven vehicles
– The first was Guido da Vigevano in 1335.
– But sadly it was never built.
 First Engine
• In the 18th century a one of a kind technology
was developed, which is being still used, i.e.
engine with cylinders and pistons.
• But it took more than five decades to make
this new technology efficient enough to make
a vehicle move on its own.
• The cars being made in England in the 19th
were more like trains not moving on rails.
 First Successful Attempt
• The first vehicle to own under its own power
whose record is there was designed by Nicholas
Joseph Cugnot constructed by M. Brezin in 1769.
• It had a open boiler piped to the cylinder.
• A replica of which is on display at Conservatoire
des Arts et Metiers, in Paris.
• Its purpose was to haul canons around the town
• And its top speed was 2 mph, as fast as anyone
would want to go on the cobbled streets of Paris.
 Change In Fuel To Suit New
Mechanism
• After the open boilers there was need for
internal combustion engines.
• But this had to wait until suitable fuel was
available.
• Gunpowder was tried but didn’t work out.
• Coal gas was used after the failure of
gunpowder.
 Coal Gas Cars
• A French named Etienne Lenior patented the
first practical gas engine in 1862.
• It had a one-half horsepower engine, a bore of
5 inch, 24 inch stroke.
• It was big and heavy and turned 100 rpm.
• Lenoir died broke in 1900.
• Lenoir was claimed to be running on benzene.
– If so then it was the first to run on petroleum
based fuel.
 Change in mechanism
• Lenoir had a separate mechanism to compress
the gas before combustion.
• In 1862, Alphonse Bear de Rochas figured how to
compress the gas in the same cylinders in which it
we to burn, which we still use.
• This process of bringing the gas into cylinder,
compressing it, combusting the compressed
mixture, then exhausting is known as Otto Cycle
or four cycle engine.
– Dailmer and Benz got the patent by claiming it from
de Rochas
 THE VERY FIRST DRIVE

• In January 1888, Bertha Benz, in an effort to

popularise her husband's invention, took the very
first public drive in an automobile, in one of the
Newly Constructed Patent Motorwagen
automobiles-from Mannheim to Pforzheim, with
her sons Richard and Eugen.
• She helped make the car popular. Many people at
this time were afraid of using cars. Her pressure
helped sway public opinion of the time.
 The First Hybrid
• After steam and fuel using cars, Ferdinand
Porsche in 1901 developed a hybrid car.
• Lohner-Porsche Mixte Hybrid, the first
gasoline and electric hybrid automobile.
• But since gasoline was cheaper at that time, it
was not much famous.
• Toyota released Toyota Prius in Japan in 1997,
and it was greeted gladly because of
worldwide increase in prices of petroleum .
• In 1908, Henry Ford produced the model T.
• It had a 20 HP, four cylinder.
• Top speed of 45 mph.
• Weighed about 544 kg.
 First fuel injection car
• The first direct fuel injectioncars hit the
market in 1951.
• The Gutbrod Superior and Goliath GP 700 E
 Catalytic Converters
• In January 1956, Eugene Houdry invents the
oxidation catalyst as a solution to the smog in
Los Angeles at the time. Houdry was worried
about the impact of car emissions on air
pollution and founded a special company, the
Oxy-Catalyst Company, which was to develop
catalytic converters for gasoline engines. This
idea was far ahead of its time.
 FIRST TIME A CAR HITS 1000KMPH

• As man seeks to go faster and faster on land,

the rocket car "Blue Flame" tops 1000 km/h in
Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah, USA.
Change In Fuel Due To Destruction
• Forest destruction prompts unleaded petrol
introduction
• Reacting to the destruction of forests, the
German federal government decided to force
the introduction of unleaded petrol engines in
new cars.
 The First Fuel Cell Sedans
• The first prototype was built by Honda in
1999.But they haven’t started the mass
production yet.
• The latest fuel cell which is set to hit the
market has been made by Toyota.
– It is a hybrid.
 Info and Image Courtesy
• www.ausbcomp.com
• www.tiki-toki.com
• en.wikipedia.org