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SHS

Business Mathematics
Quarter 2,Week 8 – Module 17
Identifying Graphs Given a Set
of Business Data-
ABM_BM11PAD-Ili-8

Business Mathematics – SHS

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Quarter 2, Week 8 – Module 17: Identifying Graphs Given a Set of Business Data

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: DAPHINNE KAY S. CAMBE - ABM Teacher, TNHS
Editors: NERISSA A. MORTEGA - HT III, San Lorenzo NHS
JULMA B. CARGULLO - MT, TNHS
HILDA J. CARLET - MT, TNHS
Language Editors: CHERRY BASILLA - TNHS
DESIREE CANICULA - TNHS
Reviewers: DIOLETA B. BORAIS – EPS, Tabaco City
JINKY VILLAREAL – EPS, Iriga City
JONJON MONTER – Principal, Sagrada HS, Iriga City
LOYD BOTOR - EPS, RO V
Layout Artist: ROWENA B. BENOYO - San Lorenzo NHS

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 Business Mathematics – SHS
Quarter 2, Week 8 – Module 17
Identifying Graphs Given a Set of Business Data

Introduction
Interpretation and conclusion of business data are easier because of
graphs. Graphs make it easy to comprehend. But to achieve this, an
appropriate graph for business data is necessary. How do you decide what
type of graph to use? Would you like to see more business illustrations? If
yes, this module will help you.

In this Module, you will learn how to identify appropriate graphs for
business data.

Objective

After studying this module, you should be able to identify the graphs
to be used to present a business data.

Vocabulary

Business Data all data and personal information accessed,

processed, collected, stored or disseminated by
Seller in connection with any of the Business
and/or the Transferred Asset, including any
personally identifiable information.

Class Interval is the grouping of numbers or classes with

lower and higher limit. The desirable class
interval is 5 to 20.

Data are facts, statistics or information either

historical or derived by calculation or
experimentation.

Frequency represents how frequent a score occur within

a grouping.

Frequency Table summarizes the entries in each category.

Graph is a diagram presentations of data gather

Grouped Frequency Table Is a statistical table that summarizes and

describes a set of data in class interval.
Trends are movements or developments of one item
from one period to another.
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 PRE-TEST
Let’s find out how much you already know about the topic. Answer the test
below.
Identify the graph to be used. Choices are given inside the box.

Bar Graph Histogram Line Graph

Pie Graph Pictograph

1. You want to compare data showing the Sales, Gross Margin, and Net Profit of a
Pharmaceutical Firm for the past 5 years in Peso using a bar.
2. You want to illustrate the P31.7 Million Budget Summary of a Food Chain as shown
below showing part of the whole.

3. Adrian plans to conduct a series of training for his employees for their career growth
and he expects a higher return on investment because of this. He asks the HR to
get the data on highest educational attainment of his employees and present it
using comparative bars for easier analysis.
4. You want to make a report on Product X demand based on last year “Ber” Months
for the trends analysis. You want to immediately see the trends of the products and
decided to make a graph that connects data point to show the increase or decrease
in one glance.

5. You want to use pictures or symbols to represent quantitative data. Each symbol
corresponds to a specific quantity.
Did you do well on the test?
If yes, very Good! This shows that you already know much about the topics. You
may still study the module to enhance what you already know. Who knows, you might
learn a few more new things as well.
If you got a low score, it is okay, don’t feel bad. This means that this module is
for you. Are you ready to learn the answers to all the items in the test and a lot more?
You may now start.

Let’s Read & Learn 4

 WAYS TO IDENTIFY WHAT GRAPH TO USE

Let’s have a good understanding on how to select the right graph for a particular
kind of data.

Different data call for different graphs. But how are we going to decide which is
which?

Here are some of the ways to help you identify what graph is suitable for a
particular data.

1. If the data needed is all about trends and relationship between two variables
or you want to visualize data that changes over time, then, a Line Graph is best
suited for your data presentation.
Example 1.1: TRENDS / Visualize if data changes over time

A business owner wants to know the sales of Product

X in Bicol region for the past 5 years. He wants this data in
order to know whether an increase/decrease over time is
happening in order for him to analyze the trends of their
Product X and do something about it.

Example 1.2 Relationship between 2 Variables

You want to analyze the Sales of Product A in Store 1

and Store 2 for a given period of time. And you want it to be
seen in one graph. You do it because you want to know the
store where your Product A is saleable.

If you encounter the same situation/scenario use the Line Graph.

2. If you want to compare different quantity of data, use a Bar graph.
Example 2.1. Comparing of Different Items or quantity of data

Example 2.2. Comparing of Different Items or quantity of data

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 The business data above calls for a bar graph.

3. If the data shows a grouped frequency table or describes a set of data in class
interval, Histogram is to be used.
Example 3.1. Using a grouped frequency distribution/table.

To present the data above in a simple and easier to analyze, Histogram is advised.

4. If you want to show how much of the whole each part makes up, then use a Pie
Graph.
Example 4.1. Part of a whole

A fractional part or a percentage is part of a whole therefore the situation above

calls for a PIE GRAPH.

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5. If the quantitative data is enormous like asking for the total number of
populations per area, numbers of products or any items delivered or to be
delivered, to be purchased per branch or per year etc., PICTOGRAPH is a good
choice.
Example 5.1. Population

Example 5.2. Number of Products

In example 5.1 and 5.2, Pictograph could be an attractive way to present it.
Now, you have the idea on the possible ways on how to identify the kind of graph
to present a data.

Remember that graphs are your effective channel to your readers. It gives
clarity and emphasis on your data. Know the right graph and do not miss important
facts.

Practice Task 1

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Identify the Graph to be used in the following data presentation. Write your answer on
the line provided.
1. Year 2011 your company will launch a new Product into the market. The following
data are taken from the Philippine Statistics Authority.
Total Household
Population by age group
Number of Households
(2010 Census of
Population and housing)
0–4 10, 231, 201
5–9 10, 317, 822
10 – 14 10, 168, 546
15 – 19 9, 676, 094
20 – 24 8, 369, 801
25 – 29 7, 390, 255
30 - 34 6, 743, 967
35 – 39 5, 990, 217
40 – 44 5, 450, 770
45 – 49 4, 664, 551
50 – 54 3, 883, 791
55 – 59 2, 980, 483
60 – 64 2, 224, 237
65 - 69 1, 495, 178
70 – 74 1, 140, 892
75 – 79 705, 982
80 – 84 393, 405
85 and over 270, 786
TOTAL 92, 097, 978

(Source: www.census.gov.ph)

It will be the bases for your target market for the launching of your new Product.
What graph should you use to present the data? ________________.

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 2. You were asked to compare the following variables on the different periods and
analyze the trend.

3. Awra Pension House offers three types of rooms, Traveler, Executive, and
Superior. You want to plot the sales of each type to compare and know the
highest selling among the three. Which graphical presentation can approximately
model this observation? ____________________________.

Ask your teacher to check your answer. If you got it all, job well done!

Practice Task 2

D Do it yourself.
1. Think of a topic in business that is of interest to you, e.g. monthly sales of a product
in a mall or a local store, daily production of a factory.
2. Gather data on the chosen topic.
3. Decide on which is the most appropriate graph to use in presenting your data.

Practice Task 2

Answer the following questions.

1. How would you recognize which type of graph is suited for your business data.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

2. Why is it important to know the best way of presenting business data?

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_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

POST-TEST

Now it’s time to test how much you have learned. Answer the
questions below. Take your time and try to think about your answers very well.

1. The new owner of the company is still young and still studying. Because he is too
young and not yet familiar with his own company, you were asked to present the total
number of employees for the gift giving project of the young master as his offering to
help him manage the company. He wants it to be simple and easy to understand in
just one look.

Accounting 2, 000
Treasury 1, 400
Production 10, 000
Marketing 2, 320
HR 1, 300
TOTAL 18, 870, 000

What do you think is the graph to be used to catch his attention easily and
understand it in just one look? Justify your answer.

2. You were tasked to present in a graphical presentation about the P5M allocation for
product design;

Allocated Percent
Product A P1, 000, 000 20
Product B P2, 500, 000 50
Product C P1, 500, 000 30
TOTAL P5, 000, 000 100

What graph are you going to use? Justify your answer.

3. The frequency distribution table below shows the age profile of the Target market of
your new product to be launched.

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 Ages F (In Million)
6 -10 25
11 -15 20
16 – 20 30
21 – 25 10

For the budget to be released for the said product, you are asked to present it
first to the management for critiquing and further analysis. What kind of graph are you
going to prepare? Justify your answer.
4. You were reprimanded by your boss because Product Y is not selling well in Store 1
compared to Store 2 for 5 consecutive years. You want to validate it and ask the 2
managers to send the annual sales report for 5 consecutive years and analyze it
yourself.

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

STORE 2, 000, 000 2, 400, 000 2,300, 000 3, 600, 000 3, 400, 000
1
STORE 3, 600, 000 3, 800, 000 4, 400, 000 4, 400, 000 5,000, 000
2

What graph is suitable to easily see the trends of the said analysis? Justify your
answer.

5. You open an ukay-ukay online shop and the sales is doing great but it is not your
own money that you used to open the business. The financer asks you to make a
monthly report to see what are fast moving and slow moving items.
Items Monthly Sales
Shorts/Pants 10, 000
Korean Tees 11, 200
Shoes/sandals 2, 000
Bags 4, 200
Dress 20, 000
Kid’s wear 42, 000

What graphical presentation would be best to present the data? Justify your
answer.

Ask your teacher to check your answers.

Were you able to answer all the questions correctly? If you did, congratulations.
You are now done with this module.
If you were not able to answer it all, don’t worry, just review the parts of the module
which you have difficulty.
Now that you are more familiar with this module, you may proceed to Module 18.

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 Assignment
Make a simple business data survey, make a frequency table and present the result
using a graphical presentation.

Answer Key

PRE-TEST
1. Bar Graph
2. Pie Graph
3. Bar Graph
4. Line Graph
5. Histogram

Practice Task #1
1. Histogram
2. Line Graph
3. Bar Graph

Practice Task #2
Answers may vary. It will depend on the data presented or prepared by the
students.

Practice Task #3
Use the rubrics below to check student’s output.

Rubrics 5 4 3 2 1
Relevance The The The The The
of the explanation explanation
explanation explanation explanation
Content given is given is
given is given only given is not
very relevant to
somewhat gives some relevant to
relevant to the given relevant to points that the given
the given question the given is relevant question.
question but needs question to the given
elaboration
but needs question.
more
elaboration
Clarity of The idea The idea The idea The idea The idea
Ideas given given is not given is given is given is not

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 shows a directly unclear but unclear but clear at all.
clear and given with some with little
brief (rounding points to points to
explanation around the consider. consider
for the bush) for
given the given
questions questions

POST-TEST
1. Pictograph
2. Pie Graph
3. Histogram
4. Line Graph
5. Bar Graph

References

Brian Roy C. Lopez, Leah C. Martin-Lundag, and Keneth Adrian Dagal. Business Math
Textbook (Government Property), 2016. Pages 160 – 175.

Brian Roy C. Lopez, Leah C. Martin-Lundag, and Keneth Adrian Dagal. Business Math
Teacher’s Guide (Government Property), 2016.

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