UDEC1134: CHEMISTRY LABORATORY II

EXPERIMENT 2: Potentiometric Titration of an acid mixture

Laboratory report

presented by

Phylicia Liu

Student ID: 21ADB05407

Name of Lab Partner: Mahaa Loshini A/P Ganesraoo and Keshika A/P Selva Kumar

Practical Group: P1

Supervised by

Dr Ooi Mei Lee

Date of experiment: 6 July 2022

Deadline of submission: 13 July 2022

Title of the experiment: Experiment 2 – Potentiometric Titration of an acid mixture

Objectives

To determine the quantitative composition of a solution, which is a mixture of a monoprotic

strong acid and a weaker triprotic, acid by potentiometric methods.

Results

Part A. Standardization of Approximately 0.05 M Sodium Hydroxide

1 2 2
Mass of KHP (mg) 29.6 mg 30.2 mg 30.3 mg
Initial volume of 0.10 3.20 6.50
burette (mL)
Final volume of 3.20 6.50 9.80
burette (mL)
Total volume of 3.10 3.30 3.30
NaOH used (mL)
Average mass of KHP = 30.03 mg ≈ 30.0 mg (diluted in 7 ml of distilled water)

Average total volume of NaOH used = 3.23 mL

Reaction occurred:

NaOH + KHP → NaKP + H2O

Concentration of NaOH:

Since the mole ratio of KHP and NaOH is one to one ratio, hence

nNaOH = nKHP

MNaOH VNaOH = MKHP VKHP

 Molarity of KHP solution:

Molar mass of KHP = 204.22 g/mol

massKHP
nKHP =
molar massKHP

30.0 × 10−3 g
nKHP =
204.22 g/mol

nKHP = 1.5 × 10−4 mol

To find the molarity of KHP solution, this formula is used

nKHP
MKHP =
V

1.5 × 10−4 mol

MKHP =
7 × 10−3 L

MKHP = 0.02143 M

Molarity of NaOH:

MNaOH VNaOH = MKHP VKHP

MNaOH (3.23 mL) = (0.02 M)(7 mL)

(0.02143 M)(7 mL)

MNaOH =
(3.23 mL)

MNaOH = 0.046 M

Part B. Titration of a Mixture of Hydrochloric Acid and Phosphoric Acid

In table

Volume of NaOH added Total volume of NaOH pH

(mL) added (mL)
0 0 2.50
0.6 0.6 2.80
0.2 0.8 2.99
0.3 1.1 3.30
0.2 1.3 4.11
 0.2 1.5 5.25
0.3 1.8 6.30
0.2 2.0 6.83
0.2 2.2 7.5
0.2 2.4 9.46
0.1 2.5 10.03
0.1 2.6 10.20
0.1 2.7 10.44
0.1 2.8 10.51
0.1 2.9 10.61
0.2 3.1 10.72
0.2 3.3 10.84

In graph

pH against volume of NaOH

12

10

8
pH

0
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
Volume of NaOH added (mL)

Discussion

The titration’s equivalence points from this graph are when the pH of the solution is in
between 3.3 and 5.25; 7.5 and 9.46. which is when the volume is in about 1,3 mL and 2.3
mL.
 PH against volume of NaOH
12

10

8
pH

0
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3
Volume of NaOH added (mL)

The acid mixture is containing HCl and H3PO4 which is a monoprotic acid and
polyprotic acid. Polyprotic acid means that there’s more than one ionizable protons in an acid
and for H3PO4 there’s three ionizable protons which can call as triprotic acid (however it
could be titrated as a monoprotic acid or as a diprotic acid). Since it’s a triprotic acid, H3PO4
has three Ka values. This is also explained the shape of the graph.

Before the first inflection point, there’s one proton that is ionized from H3PO4.

H3PO4 (aq) ↔ H2PO4- (aq) + H+ (aq)

[𝐻2 𝑃𝑂4− ][𝐻 + ]

𝐾𝑎1 =
[𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 ]

In between the first inflection point and the second inflection point one proton that is
ionized from H2PO4-.

H2PO4- (aq) ↔ HPO42- (aq) + H+ (aq)

[𝐻𝑃𝑂42− ][𝐻 + ]
𝐾𝑎2 =
[𝐻2 𝑃𝑂4− ]

After the second inflection point one proton that is ionized from HPO42-.

HPO42- (aq) + ↔ PO43- (aq) + H+ (aq)

[𝑃𝑂43− ][𝐻 + ]
𝐾𝑎3 =
[𝐻𝑃𝑂43− ]
Conclusion

The molarity of NaOH used is 0.046 M and the equivalence point of this titration is when the
volume of NaOH is at 1,3 mL and 2.3 mL.

References
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, n.d. THE POTENTIOMETRIC TITRATION OF AN
ACID MIXTURE. [Online]
Available at: http://web.mit.edu/5.310/www/Titration_F05.pdf
[Accessed 15 July 2022].
Silberberg, M. S. & Amateis, P. G., 2021. The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change. 9th
ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Wenzel, T., 2020. Titration of a Polyprotic Weak Acid with Sodium Hydroxide. [Online]
Available at:
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Analytical_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Anal
ytical_Chemistry)/Analytical_Sciences_Digital_Library/JASDL/Courseware/Chemical_Equil
ibrium/02_Text/02_Acid-
Base_Chemistry/14_Titration_of_a_Polyprotic_Weak_Acid_with_S
[Accessed 15 July 2022].