Nature and scope of psychology in Pakistan.

Application of psychology in different areas of

Pakistan.
ASSIGNMENT # 1 SEMESTER SPRING - 2022)
Submission Date (4 June, 2022)
By
LARAIB FATIMA
Roll No
20011509-013
Course Title: Introduction to Psychology
Course Code: Psy-101

BS 4th Mathematics
Section A
Submitted To
Ms Maryam Tariq

Department Of Mathematics

UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT
PSYCHOLOGY:

The word psychology is derived from two Greek words “Psyche and
Logos”. Psyche means “soul/spirit/mind” and Logos means
“knowledge”.

Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Almost a hundred

years ago, John Watson decided that psychology should be a science: not
just a vague and introspective reflection on our own thoughts and feelings.
Watson urged that psychology be defined as the scientific study of
behavior. Since about 1920, most university psychologists have accepted
Watson's definition.

NATURE AND SCOPE OF PSYCHOLOGY IN PAKISTAN:

Psychology scope in Pakistan is increasing immensely with the growing

need for improving one’s mental health and overall personality.
Traditionally psychologist was believed to be an expert that only treats
complete mentally disabled individuals.

But today, people are becoming more aware of the importance of mental
health and are therefore trying to reach and seek help from a psychologist
for a variety of purposes in Pakistan. A few disorder and problems that
need psychological treatment include:

• Depression
• Stress
• Observation and assessment of criminals
• Phobias
• Child therapies regarding education, behavior, attention, etc.
As we are becoming more brand conscious, social media addict, and
isolated we are more prone to developing severe mental health issues. For
this purpose, the need for a psychologist is increasing intensely and the
scope of psychology is becoming vast day by day in Pakistan

APPLICATION OF PSYCHOLOGY IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF PAKISTAN:

1.HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

• Health psychology is concerned with the psychology of a much wider range of

health-related behavior including healthy eating, the doctor-patient
relationship, a patient's understanding of health information, and beliefs
about illness.

IN PAKISTAN:

• Now a day, health psychology is also applied in Pakistan. In Pakistan health

psychologists are involved in the betterment of health policies by government.
• They provide support and guidance relating to stress management,
losing weight, smoke reduction, preventing drug and alcohol abuse

2.INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY

Industrial psychology refers to the practice of applying psychological

theories and principles to workplace environments. Industrial psychologists
observe and evaluate human behavior and interactions in the workplace
and provide guidance and recommendations to improve human and
organizational efficiency.

IN PAKISTAN

• In Pakistan industrial /organization psychology are employed by academic

institutions, consulting firms, internal human resources in industries, and
governmental institutions.
 • Industrial organizational psychologists look at questions regarding things
such as who to hire, how to define and measure successful job
performance, how to structure the organization to allow people to achieve
their potential.

3. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY:

• Educational psychology is concerned with all aspects of psychology that

relevant to education and psychology particularly in the area of human
development , learning and motivation. Education of the gifted and talented
and instructional psychology.

In Pakistan

• Educational Psychologist helps us in finding which method is best for

teaching the students and through which method student can better
understand the lecture in class.
• Educational psychology is rarely applied in Pakistan. But it is one of the
significant fields of psychology that is at least applied in Pakistan to some
extent.
• Psychology as an independent subject was introduced in 1960s, in Pakistan, at
Government College, Lahore. Earlier it was taught as a part of philosophy.
There are many institutes and colleges in Pakistan which are offering degrees
in educational psychology.

4.CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY

• Clinical psychology is concerned with the assessment and treatment of

mental illness, abnormal behavior, and psychiatric problems. This field
integrates the science of psychology with the treatment of complex human
problems, making it an exciting career choice for people who are looking to
work in a challenging and rewarding field
• In Pakistan
 • Clinical Psychology is one of the most in-demand and growing fields of
Psychology today in Pakistan.
• In Pakistan many contemporary clinicians use therapies based on discredited
theories and unsupported by empirical evidence of their efficacy.
• In Pakistan, there are more than a 760 of best Clinical Psychologists.
According to mental health ordinance, Federal Mental Health Authority has
established psychiatric units in major hospitals. So, clinical psychologists have
a vast field in hospitals, clinics and in private and public sectors.
• The formal training of clinical psychology as a specialization started at Punjab
University in 1983 and in Karachi University in 1984. It is known as post
master's training program for clinical psychologists.

5.COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY:

• Counselling psychology is a broad specialization within professional

psychology concerned with using psychological principles to enhance and
promote the positive growth, well-being, and mental health of individuals,
families, groups, and the broader community.

In Pakistan

• Pakistan is increasingly becoming more Interconnected. This globalization

highlights the need for highly trained mental health professionals to address
trauma, addiction, depression, academic and career concerns in clinics.
hospitals, schools, and universities.
• Career counseling is one of those areas which are needed to be developed
and should be strengthened in the country like Pakistan so that these youth
and these competent human resource should be given the right direction
in which they should prevail and should enhance and polish their career in
the fields of their interest and expertise.

6.SPORTS PSYCHOLOGY
 • Sports psychology is the study of how psychological factors
influence sports, athletic performance, exercise, and physical
activity. Sports psychologists investigate how participating in sports can
improve health and well-being.

In Pakistan

• In Pakistan Sports is an industry that’s constantly growing and trying to

increase viewership. That’s also why the pressure on athletes to perform
increases with every passing generation of athletes. Psychologists can help
athletes by keeping a check on their mental health and how they can better
cope with pressure. Improved mental health also means better performance.

7. FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY:

• Forensics psychology is defined as the science of psychology associated

with law and justice system.

In Pakistan

• Forensic psychology is very important anywhere in the world. Especially in

Pakistan. Majority of the cases that happen in Pakistan require forensic
psychologists. Forensic psychologists apply psychological theory to
criminal investigation to help understand psychological problems
associated with criminal behavior and the treatment of those who
have committed offences.
• University of Health Sciences, Lahore, has taken a bold initiative to launch
a Master of Arts program in forensic mental health, which would be
introduced in the first Pakistan Forensic Psychiatric Conference on April 8-
9 in Lahore.

8.SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY:
 • Social psychology is the study of the dynamic relationship between individuals
and the people around them.

In Pakistan

• It helps the people in solving their social problems.it identity the social
situation, attitudes, so as to help people in improving their attitudes while
trying to reduce tension and making them better human.
• Social psychologists are focused on understanding how interactions with other
people impact individual and group behavior Government departments and
private sectors hire social psychologists in hospitals, social service and offices
etc.

9. Environmental Psychology:
• Environmental psychology is the study of how physical environments affect
individual behavior by using scientific methods to study how people interact
with both natural and man-made environments
In Pakistan;
• Pakistan is also confronting several environmental challenges. Recently,
interest in how everyday behaviors of individuals can cause negative
environmental changes and how to encourage individuals to perform
environmentally friendly behaviors has increased. The research on
environmental behaviors in Pakistan is in its initial phase.