Good morning po everyone! Dr. Tuble and ofcourse classmates magandang umaga po.

For todays topic

we have ahhh, Report Planning and Research.

Lets first identify what is research.

Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It
involves the unbiased collection, organization and analysis of information to increase understanding
of a topic or issue. A research project may be an expansion on past work in the field.

When we say creative and systematic ibig sabihin ay, hindi lang basta basta naglagay or nag input
or namimili ka lang ng gusto mong ibahagi na information. Kaya nga it was emphasized na dapat
unbiased collection of information.

The research method is used to discover new information from existing knowledge or
understand previously unknown concepts.
And for the presentation of the research will be the reporting. Beacuase Reports are account
given of a particular matter, especially in the form of an official document, after thorough
investigation or consideration by an appointed person or body.

As stated, it cannot be just a paper that you write informations, stating the facts. It must be carefully
planned.

It is a difficult task researchers have to do. It involves long days struggling with tricky concepts of
how a research project was done and its findings.

So para hindi tayo mahirapan,,, dapat ay systematic and may plans po tayo.

1. EXPLAIN THE PROBLEM – What is the problem that you would like to do your research on?
Why it is interesting to solve the proble? Who would benefit from the results if the problem is
solve?
If those questions were answered your introduction selection will be clear.

2. SET RESEARCH QUESTIONS PROPERLY – Make your research questions clear. It is a

good idea to have one, two or maximum of three questions to have a sharp focus in your
research.
It is said ‘’questions properly’’ because the questions should be answerable with conducting
experiments. Or at least there are ways to validate the results for those questions.
3. INTRODUCE PROPOSED METHODS – Explain the methods you would like to use to
conduct your experiments. This can be done by giving the mathematical equations,
explaining parameters of these equations or providing workflow diagrams to explains the
steps that your input data will be going through.
4. EXPLAIN YOUR MOTIVATION FOR THE CHOSEN METHODS – Of course the step
mentioned earlier which is the “INTRODUCE PROPOSED METHODS” should be supported
by your explanation of why those methods are chosen. For example I chose mathematical
equations to back up my work. Personally because it was my comfort zone. Sa present work
ngayon which I have deal with numbers and equations everyday, kumbaga mas sanay na
ako doon. But don’t be confused po ha na dapat ay nasa comfort zone lang tayo. Hindi
ganon. Sometimes naman your chosen method ay ganito or ganyan based sa books ganon,
because you can easily access the library. So mayroong ibat ibang paraan.
5. PROVIDE DESIGN SOLUTIONS – you have already explained your chosen methods, now
you need to explain how these methods work together so they can make a workflow
 together. You can represent this workflow as a flowchart diagram. When you are conducting
your research, this solution proposal might need modifications. And wag tayo mataranta o
matakot kasi part iyon ng research, maaring habang nasa research tayo ay may makita
tayong mali sa ginawa natin, and that is the nature of research, kailangan lang natin I modify.
It can be explained naman sa final report how it needed to be modified.
6. DO YOUR REFERENCING CAREFULLY – it is important to provide references on the
background, chosen methods, or for any figure/equations/table/idea that you have picked up
from another source. This could from books, journal publications or from experts. ETO
BAWAL TO.. ANO YAN… BAWAL PONG I PANG REFERENCE SI MARITES.

Types of research

1. Exploratory research is a methodology approach that explores research questions

that have not previously been studied in depth. It is often used when the issue you're
studying is new, or the data collection process is challenging in some way.
 When conducting exploratory research, the researcher ought to be willing to change his/her
direction as a result of revelation of new data and new insights.[1] Accordingly, exploratory
studies are often conducted using interpretive research methods and they answer to
questions such as what, why and how.

It has been noted that “exploratory research is the initial research, which forms the basis of
more conclusive research. It can even help in determining the research design, sampling
methodology and data collection method”[2]. Exploratory research “tends to tackle new
problems on which little or no previous research has been done”[3].

Exploratory studies usually create scope for future research and the future research may
have a conclusive design. For example, ‘a study into the implications of COVID-19 pandemic
into the global economy’ is an exploratory research. COVID-19 pandemic is a recent
phenomenon and the study can generate an initial knowledge about economic implications
of the phenomenon.

2. Descriptive research is a type of research that describes a population,

situation, or phenomenon that is being studied. It focuses on answering
the how, what, when, and where questions If a research problem, rather
than the why.
This is mainly because it is important to have a proper understanding of
what a research problem is about before investigating why it exists in the
first place. 
For example, an investor considering an investment in the ever-changing
Amsterdam housing market needs to understand what the current state of
the market is, how it changes (increasing or decreasing), and when it
changes (time of the year) before asking for the why. This is where
descriptive research comes in.

3. Experimental research is research conducted with a scientific approach using

two sets of variables. The first set acts as a constant, which you use to measure
the differences of the second set. Quantitative research methods, for example,
are experimental.

The most basic example of experimental research is laboratory experiments, which

may differ in nature depending on the subject of research.

Advantage - Experimental research allows you to test your idea in a controlled

environment before taking it to market.
 Descriptive research

A descriptive research method can be used in multiple ways and for various reasons.
Before getting into any survey, though, the survey goals and survey design are crucial.
Despite following these steps, there is no way to know if one will meet the research
outcome. How to use descriptive research? To understand the end objective of
research goals, below are some ways organizations currently use descriptive research
today:

 Define respondent characteristics: The aim of using close-ended questions is

to draw concrete conclusions about the respondents. This could be the need
to derive patterns, traits, and behaviors of the respondents. It could also be to
understand from a respondent, their attitude, or opinion about the
phenomenon. For example, understanding from millenials the hours per week
they spend on browsing the internet. All this information helps the
organization researching to make informed business decisions.
 Measure data trends: Researchers measure data trends over time with a
descriptive research design’s statistical capabilities. Consider if an apparel
company researches different demographics like age groups from 24-35 and
36-45 on a new range launch of autumn wear. If one of those groups doesn’t
take too well to the new launch, it provides insight into what clothes are like
and what is not. The brand drops the clothes and apparel that customers don’t
like.
 Conduct comparisons: Organizations also use a descriptive research design to
understand how different groups respond to a specific product or service. For
example, an apparel brand creates a survey asking general questions that
measure the brand’s image. The same study also asks demographic questions
like age, income, gender, geographical location, etc. This consumer research
helps the organization understand what aspects of the brand appeal to the
population and what aspects do not. It also helps make product or marketing
fixes or even create a new product line to cater to high growth potential
groups.
 Validate existing conditions: Researchers widely use descriptive research to
help ascertain the research object’s prevailing conditions and underlying
patterns. Due to the non-invasive research method and the use of quantitative
observation and some aspects of qualitative observation, researchers observe
each variable and conduct an in-depth analysis. Researchers also use it to
validate any existing conditions that may be prevalent in a population.
 Conduct research at different times: The analysis can be conducted at
different periods to ascertain any similarities or differences. This also allows
any number of variables to be evaluated. For verification, studies on
prevailing conditions can also be repeated to draw trends.
Why Use Experimental Research Design? 
Experimental research design can be majorly used in physical sciences, social
sciences, education, and psychology. It is used to make predictions and draw
conclusions on a subject matter. 

Some uses of experimental research design are highlighted below.

 Medicine: Experimental research is used to provide the proper treatment

for diseases. In most cases, rather than directly using patients as the
research subject, researchers take a sample of the bacteria from the
patient’s body and are treated with the developed antibacterial

What are the Disadvantages of Experimental Research? 

 It is highly prone to human error due to its dependency on variable control
which may not be properly implemented. These errors could eliminate the
validity of the experiment and the research being conducted.
 Exerting control of extraneous variables may create unrealistic situations.
Eliminating real-life variables will result in inaccurate conclusions. This
may also result in researchers controlling the variables to suit his or her
personal preferences.
 It is a time-consuming process. So much time is spent on testing
dependent variables and waiting for the effect of the manipulation of
dependent variables to manifest.
 It is expensive.