HYDROELECTRICITY, WATER WHEEL FREE ENERGY DEVICE

A Research Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the
School of Engineering
Biliran Province State University
P. I. Garcia, Naval, Biliran

In Partial Fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Jvey Gervacio
Mark Bhen Canabe
Harlly Jake Flores

MARCH 2022
 HYDROELECTRICITY, WATER WHEEL FREE ENERGY DEVICE

INTRODUCTION

The National Electrification Administration (NEA) said there are around 2,319,660
homes that still have no access to electricity. According to Ranada (2015), despite ranking
amongst the highest trash collection rates in South East Asia, the Philippines is the world’s 3rd
biggest source of plastic leaking into the ocean. These plastic bottles can be utilized in
generating hydroelectricity so with this, plastic wastes can be reduced. Hydroelectric power
using plastic bottles is chosen for the task because according to Propel Multi Energy (n.d.), a
hydroelectric power using plastic bottles has many advantages compared to other types of
utilization. The compact and robust size of equipment makes it easy in transporting the turbine
and can also be built and installed by villagers of the rural areas only needing the guidance of an
expert.

Hydroelectric power using water wheel free energy is a feasible and appropriate form of
generating electricity in the rural areas, given the facts like to have light in their homes. But
considering the state of the lives of the people in the said area, they would be able to use a
hydroelectric. Materials such as plastic bottle cup, dynamo, water etc., are used in the production
of hydroelectric water wheel free energy turbines. Not only would be able to supply electricity
for the supposedly off-grid population in the rural areas, but would also be able to help minimize
or save electricity.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Hydroelectricity is an established power-generation technology with over 100 years

of commercial operation. Hydroelectricity is produced when moving water rotates a turbine
shaft; this movement is converted to electricity with an electrical generator. According to
Euromonitor Research (2013), hydroelectricity made up 17% of the total world electricity
production in 2012. The top four largest electricity producing power stations in the world are all
hydroelectric: the Three Gorges in China (18.5 GW), Itaipu in Brazil (14.8 GW), Guri in
Venezuela (10.1 GW) and Tucuri in Brazil (8.4 GW).

Classification of hydro power can be summarized as follows

Type Description
Large Hydro All installations with an installed capacity of more than 1000
kW (according to some definitions more than 10,000 kW)
Medium Hydro Installations of 15 - 100 MW (usually feeding the grid)
Small Hydro Installations of 1-15 MW (usually feeding into the grid)
Mini Hydro Capacity between 100 - 500 kW (either as stand-alone schemes or
more often feeding into the grid)
Micro Hydro Installations with power output of 5 - 100 kW (usually provided
power for small community or rural industry in remote areas away
from the grid)
Pico Hydro From a few hundred watts up to 5 kW

This project, hydroelectricity using water wheel free energy device in Sitio,
Tamarindo Brgy, San Isidro Biliran, Biliran, is a Pico Hydroelectric type, it is an electricity
generation under 5kW, can be used where there is a stream or river flowing near to a community.
It is green energy technology that does not require water storage, and the initial set-up is very
easy and straight forward. Hydroelectricity uses the energy of running water, without reducing
its quantity, to produce electricity. Hydropower is a more sustainable source of renewable energy
than other alternatives because it is clean, cheap, and environmentally friendly (Elbatran et al.,
2015). Hydropower represents a significant source of energy compared with fossil and nuclear
fuels. In fact, small-, mini-, and micro-scale hydropower all play important roles in rural
electrification, and hydropower has a considerably higher capacity than other sources of
renewable energy to replace fossil fuels (Okot, 2013). River water is a domestic resource which,
contrary to fuel or natural gas, is not subject to market fluctuations. In addition to this, it is the
only large renewable source of electricity and its cost-benefit ratio, efficiency, flexibility and
reliability assist in optimizing the use of thermal power plants.
 Plastics is the term commonly used to describe a wide range of synthetic or semi-
synthetic materials that are used in a huge and growing range of applications. Everywhere you
look, you will find plastics. We use plastic products to help make our lives cleaner, easier, safer
and more enjoyable. Plastics are of good use and have somehow played an important role to
people’s lives. However, the problem with plastics is that it is non-biodegradable (Silverman,
2012). There are six basic types of plastics and one type this is Polyethylene terephthalate or
PET. In 1988, The Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI), now known as the Plastics Industry
Association, created the Resin Identification Code (RIC) system. This system was developed to
provide a consistent national program to help sorting line workers identify post-consumer
packaging types using the six basic packaging resin classes (Knapp, 2020). Polyethylene
terephthalate or PET bottles are one of the most valuable forms of plastic in the Philippines and
the most retrieved due to its high residual value – or its predicted value after consumption. PET
bottles are commonly used in food and beverage packaging. A study conducted by global
advocacy firm McKinsey Center for Business and Environment showed that the Philippines has
one of the highest PET bottle recovery rates at 90 percent.

Turbines are the main equipment for the pico hydropower plant, turbine innovation
needs to be carried out technically and economically, with cheap orientation and ease to
implementation. Some proper turbines are expensive so in this project for cost-effective solution
for rural electrification, choice pump as turbine to implementation, the researcher use PET
bottles as a material.

In the site selection, the researchers considered the following: the abundance of water,
the water flow rate, the head, and also the people who will benefit from it. Sitio Tamarindo Brgy,
San Isidro Biliran, Biliran has a lot of places wherein the pico-hydro system could be built and
the researchers choose a stream as a water source for their project located in that area.

METHODOLOGY
Selection of Materials

In the selection of the water wheel free energy device, one criterion is the shape
resemblance and structure of a hydroelectric water wheel. It is essential for the selected
bottled cup, dynamo within 6 to 12 volts, fan, water

REFERENCES

Dela Rosa, C., Flores, G. B. III., Overos, M. D., Sanchez J., (2018, November 22&23). Design
and Development of a Pico-hydro Pelton Turbine Bucket Using Recycled Polyethylene
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https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/pdf/conferences/ditech/proceedings/volume-3/
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Ranada, P., (2015, October 6). Why PH is world’s 3rd biggest dumper of plastics in the ocean.
https://www.rappler.com/environment/philippines-plastic-pollution-ocean-conservancy-study
Euromonitor Research, (2013). Special Report: Renewables to Become Indispensable in Future
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Elbatran, A.H., Yaakob, O.B., Ahmed, Yasser M., Shabara, H.M. (2015). Operation,
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Okot, D. K., (2013). Review of small hydropower technology

https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v26y2013icp515-520.html

WHAT ARE PLASTICS?. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.plasticseurope.org/en/about-

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Silverman, J., (2012). Why is the world's biggest landfill in the Pacific Ocean?. Retrieved
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Knapp, J., (2020). WHAT IS THE SPI RESIN IDENTIFICATION CODE? Retrieved 2020
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Strezov, V., (2013, April 16). what is hydroelectricity?,

https://theconversation.com/explainer-what-is-hydroelectricity-12931

Micro Hydro Power (MHP) Plants. (2014, November 18).

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Guiamel, I. A., SooLee, H., (2020, April 23). Potential hydropower estimation for the Mindanao
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Quinta, C., ( 2018, June). Evaluation of Single-Use Plastic in Reducing Municipal Plastic
Waste in EL Nido, Palawan, Philippines