Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter, the review of related literature and studies of the study about the impact of face
to face to Modular distance learning to the academic performance of grade 10 students of
Kablacan Integred School, Sy 2020-2021 wiill be presented on both local and foreign related
literature and studies.

Foreign Literature

According to Joyce (2020), Modular schooling cuts the time it takes to learn and therebyallows
for bigger immediate improvements in ability and value. Working professionals can learn new
skills in shorter periods of time, even as they work, which pays off in additional skill and
credentialing at the same time, rather than only at the end. It enables you to tailor your
education to the unique needs of your job prospects. You can supplement your education with
a specific certificate or portion of a degree to better prepare yourself for data science jobs, and
more easilycombine humanities skills with technology skills, communication skills with coding
skills, analytical skills with design skills, etc.

Boise State University states that A Modular Learning Environment is a unit, chapter, subjects,
or section of instruction. It is a standard unit within your course that is structured to encourage
student progress. The length of a week is dependent on the lesson content and your teaching
style. An online teaching and learning environment with a facilitated framework is pessential
for the presentation and implementation of the online learning process. When students are
familiar with the class structure, they spend less time trying to guess what is planned, andmore
time actually concentrating on the class material.
Local Literature

According to Magsambol (2020), Modular learning is the "backbone" on which the DepEd uses
distance education. To help learning online, such as via the internet or text-based content, we
should create another set of modules. The reason the school has been delayed is presumably
because they had a new printer that needed to be shipped. Having problems with the modules
which are due to be used, this can be a common situation days before the opening of the
schools.

"Education cannot be postponed, Secretary Briones says." To address the needs of millions of
students, the government adopted an educational distance learning strategy. Distance learning,
also known as correspondence training or self-study, is a mode of education where little or no
face-to-face contact exists between students and their teachers. (LESF) (Chin, 2020).

According to Malaya (2020), Asynchronous e-learning features individualized instruction which

allows learners to use self-learning modules (SLMs) in written, digital or electronic copy which
ever is applicable to the learner. Learners with Modular Distance Learning can also use other
tools such as textbooks, activity sheets, study guides, etc. Many teachers would have to deliver
instructional materials that are relevant. Students can now access these materials fromtheir
home computer, tablet PC, or smartphone.

Foreign Studies
According to Sadiq, S. (2014), In teaching there are numerous strategies which are being
utilized. A few of them are assignment strategy, discovery strategy, lecture strategy,
dialogstrategy, programmed learning, project method, field trip, case study strategy,
demonstration strategy, modularized instruction. Modular teaching is a new approach in
classroom settings, for encounter taking in experiences in instruction moreover it has been
getting much consideration.The framework of taking in modules has turned into a bit of all level
of instructions. Teaching through module may be a self - taking in bundle overseeing one
specific topic/ unit. It may beutilized within any setting accommodating to the learner and may
be finished at the learner's ownspecific pace.

According to Dejene & Chen (2020), modularization is based on the concept ofseparating the
content into smaller, non-sequential units so the material can be easily taught. Astudent's
credits are accrued in order to apply for a certain amount of credit points. Module is aunit of
work that is self-contained and a method of teaching that is focused on acquisition of skill sets
and skills in discrete units. A module is a course that can be combined with other similar
courses to form a specialization in the field.

According to Mazkeraj & Witte (2019), the modular education is a method that separates the
lessons into smaller pieces. Each module is designed to allow students to obtain a partial
certificate. The study evaluates the impact of modular education on reducing school
dropouts,and whether it is an effective solution. To inform on the education policy transition,
this study exploits the introduction of modular education in Belgium. With a difference-in-
differences design, the findings indicate that modular education can reduce drop out by 2.5
percent.

Local Studies
According to Ambayon (2020), myth and folklore were long used in the promotion of literacy.
This investigation aimed at validating a myth and folklore curriculum and testing the
effectiveness of the module at teaching the subject. This was a reaction to weak teaching
literature and the demands for appropriate instructional materials. The results indicated that
the developed module was well planned in terms of material, relevance and mechanics. Also,
the module was evaluated by the students as highly effective, useful and efficient.

According to Naboya (2019), Supplemental instruction in Inorganic Chemistry is a relatively

recent creation, and is now being used as a method to complement classroom instruction. This
learning kit offers self-instructional modules that permit self-paced learning. Since a module is a
single instructional kit dealing with a single idea, it also offers a variety of type to the
instructional process. Modules differentiate between different learning styles, adapt to meet a
range of differing learning needs, and place the greatest burden on the learner. Modules also
encourage constructive engagement by the learner.