INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS DRY TYPE TRANSFORMER Dry Type Transformers are necessarily to.be installed indoors free from attack of dust and water. In case they arsenclosed in cubicals, sufficient means for ventilation must be provided for cooling purpose, in order to take care of the temperature rise requirements. Instructions for storing: ‘As indicated earlier these are dry type air cooled transformers. Storing should be done INDOORS, raised by atleast 6” from ground level, to prevent ingress of moisture due to heavy down power or other atmospheric Vagaries, It is highly recommended that the units be covere, if a long storage is envisaged, since factory packing is adequate only for direct truck transport from Bangalore works to site. Internal Inspection: ‘An internal inspection will be necessary only incase of suspected fault “The core and windings should be lifted from the tank, only in suitable condition. The surrounding atmosphere should not be humid & should be free from dust, etc,. The insulation resistence of the transformer should be measured first. Measurement of insulation Resistence: ‘The measurement of insulation resistance is of importance in determining the status of drying of the transformer. The initial insulation resistarice measured at ordinary temperature may be high, allthough the insulation is not dry. But as the transformer is heated up, the insulation resistance value drops rapidly. As the drying proceeds at a constant temperature, the insulation resistance will generally increase gradually, ‘Some limes it may rise & fall through a short - range once or more before reacting a steady high point. This is due to moisture trapped in the interior parts of the insulation working its way out. ‘The insulation resistance should be measured by a 1000 V (or above) megger and megger atleast for 30 to 40 seconds. The insulation resistance should be taken with all windings earthed except the one being tested. DRYING OF TRANSFOEMER: incase by any chance the insulation value of the unit drops low, due to excessive humid condition, hey can be dried by subjecting them to a heat run for 6 to 8 hours. Alow voltage 3 phase supply will be required (appx. 30V to be fad to one winding while the other winding is short circuited.) The top cover of the unit should be kept open so that moisture can escape. The full assembly is treated with special grade moisture proof varnish to prevent the active parts from absorbing moisture from humid atmospheric conditionInstallation: ‘The units should be checked fully for insulation, extemal damages. loose connestions, etc. Incase of taps provided by links / tap changing switch, itis necessary to ensure proper tap position and further check all electrical contracts and links sufficiently tightened to avoid heating due to loose connections. “The polarity of primary and secondary windings should ne correctly selected for input and output connections, Earthing: The tank should be permanently and effectively earthed. For transformers with bushings on the cover, a small copper strip to bridge the top cover of the transformer and the tank should be provided to avoid earth - fault currents passing through the fastening bolts when there is a lighting surge, high voltage surge or failure of bushings. Commissionin: Parallel operation: For safe operation in parallel, the concerned transformers shall have identical Vector Group, Voltage Ratio and Percent imipedance. They should be so connected that their polarity and phase rotation are identical. The rated output of the smallest transformer in the group should be 33% or more, of the largest transformer in the group. Polarity: ‘Adopting the Standard Indian and International practice of red, yellow and blue sequence in the anticlockwise direction,a positive check should ensure correct phasing and connections of terminals. Connect two trans- formers in parallel on primary side as per colour code, After ensuring both the transformers are on the same taps, connect the 2 neutrals together. Now,mesure the voltage across red and red phases, yellow and yellow phases etc., of the transformers. If all the three readings are zero, the selected terminals are correct and in same polarity and phase sequence if used in that order. Maintenance: ‘The principal object of maintenance is to maintain the insulation good condition. Moisture, dirt and excessive heat are the main case of insulation deterioration. Ihe decay of the insulation triggers a series of a chemical reaction and if the operating temperature exceeds the normal operating temperature by more than 10°, there will be @ shortening of life of the transformer. Before starting any maintenance work, the transformer should be isolated from supply and the HT terminals discharged. No fire should be kept near the transformer til the work is complete in all respect. } enmity csRECOMMENDED MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE INSPECTION FREQUENCY Sl.No. ITEMS TO BE INSPECTED 1. | Load (Amperes) Check against rated figures Hourly 2. |. Voltage Check against rated figures Hourly 3. | Terminals. Examine for cracks and dirt deposits, clean if necessary tighten all contacts Quarterly 4. | Earthing: Take suitable actions if earth resistance is high Yearly Relays, Alarms, their circuits, etc., Examine relay and 5. | alarms contacts, their operation, fuses etc., Yearly Clean the components and replace contacts and fuses if necessary ,re-set if necessary. 6. |. Internat inspection (Once in Two years 7. | Overall Inspection including lifting of core and coils ‘Once in Five years