CORE SUBJECT TITLE: Reading and Writing Skills

CONTENT: Reading and Thinking Strategies across Text Types

A. Text as Connected Discourse C. Patterns of Developmen

B. Techniques in Selecting and D. Properties of a Well-Written Text
Organizing Information

OBJECTIVE

By the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to:

 Realizes that information in a written text may be selected and organized to
achieve a particular purpose.
 Critique a chosen sample of each pattern of development focusing on information
selection, organization, and development.

FIRE UP

Text as Connected Discourse is two interrelated concepts– the text and the discourse.
The understanding of the text requires an understanding of the discourse. Oxford
Learner's Dictionaries defines discourse as "the use of language in speech and writing
in order to produce meaning; language that is studied, usually in order to see how the
different parts of a text are connected." Simply stated, discourse is the expression of
ideas that a person can think of. "I want that pair of shoes," is a sample sentence that
gives us an idea that someone wants a particular pair of shoes; this idea is considered a
discourse. In addition, the ideas in discourse may spark responses or may provoke an
action.

A Text on the other hand refers to the sum of discourses. It is a large unit of written
language made of discourses linked together. The characteristics of a Text are listed
below. (M. Jorgensen & L. Phillips, 2002)
1. Cohesion the connection of ideas at the sentence level.
2. Coherence the connection of ideas at the paragraph level.
3. Intentionality dwells into the purpose of the author/writer.
4. Informativity the quantity of new information in the text.
5. Acceptability how factual the pieces of information are.
6. Situationality the socio-cultural appropriateness of the text.
7. Intertextuality the connection of the succeeding discourse to the previous one.

TEXT DISCOURSE

A written form of A spoken, written, visual or

communicating information, audial form, communicating
which is non-interactive in information that is interactive
nature in nature

Agent is Not Critical Agent is Critical

Non-interactive in nature Interactive in nature

Agents involved in the

Grammatical cohesion and communication, the social
structure of sentences are purpose and the medium
analyzed utilized are analyzed

Can be either in written,

Usually in written form verbal, visual or audio form

Ex: dialogues, conversations,

Ex: press reports, street signs, interactions in audio-visual
documents, etc. programs, etc.
 Techniques in Selecting and Organizing Information
Brainstorming List
Brainstorming is an individual or group activity. Brainstorming will help us to make a
solution to a particular problem. Efforts are made to make a solution. Ideas are
gathered. It is an invention and discovery strategy in which the writer collaborates with
others to explore topics, develop ideas, and or propose solutions to a problem.
The purpose of a brainstorming session is to work as a group to define a problem and
find a plan of action to solve it.

Graphic Organizer
Graphic Organizer uses visual symbols that express thoughts, ideas, knowledge and
the relationship between them. It is a communication tool that makes it easier for the
writers to classify different ideas.

Topic Outline
Topic outlines only uses phrases. Basically there are no sentences and verbs. Verbals
(word or words used as verb) may also be used. This simply means it list words or
phrases. It arranges your ideas hierarchically. It shows the main point and the sub-point
in the sequence that you want.

Sentence Outline
In the sentence outline, all the headings are expressed in complete sentences.