MATH 8 Quarter 3 Week 3

Name: ____________________________ Grade/Section: _____________

Competency

The learners illustrate triangle congruence (M8GE-IIId-1).

To the Learners
This learning material is a self-taught module that helps you to easily understand the lesson.
Simple and understandable words were chosen to aid you for better learning. It contains what the
learners are expected to learn along with activities to make sure those expectations are met.
Lessons are gradually presented and has several examples with explanations. Figures and shapes
are also present in this module to help you visualize the lesson as well as the given problems.

In your part, focus, determination and perseverance to learn will greatly benefit you.
Follow these instructions while working with this module:

1. carefully read and analyze the definitions, examples, and explanations on this module;
2. write down all the important definitons, details, and examples on your Mathematics
notebook;
3. accomplish all the activities and tests, make sure to follow the given directions;
4. allow your facilitator/guardian to check your answers using the answer key;
5. always practice and enjoy!

Expectations

This module introduces the concept of triangle congruence. It shows how triangles are said to be
congruent and enables the learners to:

• define congruent triangles;

• recognize triangles that are congruent; and
• apply their knowledge on congruent triangles.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. construct corresponding congruence statements;

2. identify congruent triangles and their corresponding parts; and
3. determine the measures of the sides and angles of congruent triangles.

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
 Pre-test

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on your Math notebook.

1. Which of the following pairs of triangles are congruent?

A. B.

C. D.

2. From the given figures, which of the following pair of sides are congruent?

𝐴. ̅̅̅̅
BM and ̅̅̅̅
LO B. ̅̅̅̅
BA and ̅̅̅̅
LO C. ̅̅̅̅̅
AM and ̅LT
̅̅̅ D. ̅̅̅̅
BM and ̅̅̅̅
OT

3. How many pairs of corresponding congruent parts do two congruent triangles have?
A. four B. three C. eight D. six
4. If ΔGEM ≅ ΔLYT, what angle is congruent to ∠M?
A. ∠T B. ∠L C. ∠Y D. ∠E
5. If ΔGEM ≅ ΔLYT, which of the following are congruent sides?
𝐴. ̅̅̅̅
GE ≅ ̅̅
LY̅̅ B. ̅̅̅̅
GM ≅ ̅̅̅̅
YT ̅̅̅̅ ≅ ̅LT
C. EM ̅̅̅ D. ̅̅̅̅
GM ≅ ̅̅̅̅
YT

6. Use the figure to name the correct congruence statement.

A. ̅̅̅̅
AY≅BY ̅̅̅̅ B. ̅̅̅̅
AX≅BY̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅≅YA
C.AY ̅̅̅̅ D. ̅̅̅̅
AY≅BY ̅̅̅̅
̅̅
XY̅̅≅AY
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
AY≅𝐴B ̅ ̅̅̅̅
AX≅BY ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
AX≅BA ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅≅AB
AX ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅≅AY
XY ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅≅AB
XY ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅≅AY
XY ̅̅̅̅
ΔYXA ≅ ΔYAB ΔAYX ≅ ΔBAX ΔAXY≅ ΔYBA ΔAXY ≅ ΔBAY

7. Determine the correct congruence statement from the figures.

S H A. ∠S≅∠H B. ∠S≅∠H
∠K≅∠T ∠K≅∠I
∠Y≅∠I ∠Y≅∠T
ΔSKY≅ ΔHTI ΔSKY≅ ΔHIT
C. ∠K≅∠T D. ∠Y≅∠I
∠S≅∠H ∠K≅∠H
I ∠Y≅∠I ∠S≅∠T
Y K T ΔKSY≅ ΔTHI ΔYKS≅ ΔIHT
8. From the given pairs of corresponding parts of congruent triangles. Name the
congruent triangles.
∠D≅ ∠M ̅̅̅̅ ≅ MN
DG ̅̅̅̅̅ A. ΔTDG ≅ ΔNML B. Δ DGT ≅ ΔMNL
∠G≅ ∠N ̅̅̅̅ ≅ NL
GT ̅̅̅̅ C. ΔDGT ≅ ΔLNM D. ΔGTD ≅ ΔMLN
∠T ≅ ∠L ̅̅̅̅
TD ≅ LM̅̅̅̅

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
 9. Determine the congruent angles in Δ FOR ≅ ΔSLY.
A. ∠F ≅ ∠S, ∠O ≅∠L, ∠R ≅∠Y B. ∠F ≅ ∠L, ∠O ≅ ∠S, ∠R ≅ ∠Y
C. ∠F ≅ ∠Y, ∠O ≅∠S, ∠R ≅∠L D. ∠F ≅ ∠S, ∠O ≅ ∠Y, ∠R ≅ ∠L

10. Using the figure, name the conguent triangles.

A A. Δ ACD ≅ ΔABC B. Δ EAB≅ ΔBDE
C C. Δ DBC ≅ ΔBED D. ΔADB ≅ ΔBEC
C
E B

Looking Back to your Lesson

One of the most important shape that you have known is triangle. A triangle is a three-sided
polygon with three angles. It is made by connecting three line segments with common endpoints
which make up the parts of the triangle. The common endpoint is the vertex, the lines make the
sides of the triangle. Connecting the line segments creates the angles of the triangle shown in the
figure below.

Triangles are named using their vertices. Thus, the triangle above is named as ΔABC, its sides
are ̅̅̅̅
AB, ̅̅̅̅
BC, ̅̅̅̅
AC and with angles ∠A, ∠B and ∠C.

Introduction of the Topic

Our world is full of different amazing ancient structures and modern buildings. Have you ever
thought of how people built them and how they were made to be stable and strong?
Actually, there are many principles to consider and one of them is Congruent Triangles.

Lets have a simple unlocking activity to show what congruence means. Answer the following
questions.
1. Which of these shapes is the same with the first given shape?

A B C D

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
 ✓ Carefully examining the first shape with all the other given shapes and comparing each of
them with the first shape will lead you to B as the correct answer.

2. Choose the pair of congruent shapes.

✓ From the figures above, figures B and E have the same size and shape even though their
direction changed. Therefore they are congruent.

Image source: dailymail.com.uk

In real life, identical twins are example of “congruent” since they have the same height and other
physical appearances, and we usually say they are the same or alike.

From the given activity, you have noticed that you chose all shapes and objects which have the
same size and shape. This helps you understand the idea of Congruence.

Congruent means that the figures have the same size and shape. The symbol “≅” is used to
show two figures are congruent.

Congruent Triangles

Triangles can also be congruent when they have exactly the same three sides and exactly the
same three angles.

Two triangles are congruent if their vertices can be paired so that corresponding sides are
congruent and corresponding angles are congruent.

Consider the following examples:

Example 1: Figure 1

ΔABC and ΔWNP have the same measures of three sides.

Namely: ̅̅̅̅
AC≅WN̅̅̅̅̅, ̅̅̅̅
CB≅NP̅̅̅̅ and ̅̅̅̅
AB≅WP̅̅̅̅̅

Example 2: Figure 2

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
The measures of three angles of ΔATM and ΔLVO are the same.
∠A and ∠L both measures 35⁰, ∠T and ∠V has a measure of 80⁰ and ∠M and ∠O measures 65⁰.
To easily recognize the corresponding sides and angles that are congruent, we can put identical
markings, as shown in the figure.
Example 3. Figure 3

The sides marked with one line have congruent lengths. Similarly with the sides marked with
two lines and also for the sides marked with three lines.
Corresponding Sides: ̅̅̅̅ RQ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
BG , ̅̅̅̅
PQ ≅ ̅̅̅̅
KG and ̅̅̅̅
RP ≅ ̅̅̅̅
KB

The angles marked with one arc are equal in size. Same as for the angles marked with two arcs
and for the angles marked with three arcs.
Corresponding Angles: ∠P ≅∠ K, ∠R ≅∠B and ∠Q ≅∠G

Since all the corresponding sides and angles of the two triangles are congruent, we can now pair
their vertices.
P K, R B and Q G
Therefore, ΔPRQ ≅ ΔKBG, read as “triangle PRQ is congruent to triangle KBG”

Example 4. Figure 4

ΔSTP≅ ΔOKM

From the given statement above, ΔSTP ≅ ΔOKM, we can state that:
∠S corresponds to ∠O, ∠T corresponds to ∠K and ∠P corresponds to ∠M,
Therefore we can also tell that:
̅̅̅
ST corresponds to ̅̅̅̅
OK , ̅̅̅̅
TP corresponds to ̅̅̅̅̅
KM and ̅̅̅
SP corresponds to ̅̅̅̅̅
OM.

Activities

ACTIVITY 1. COMPLETE ME!

A. Using the figure below. Complete each congruence statement and answer the following
questions. Given that ΔHOP ≅ ΔSAT

1. ̅̅̅̅≅_______
HP
2. ̅̅̅̅
PO≅ _______
3. ̅̅̅
AS̅≅ _______
4. What is the length of side ST? ________

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
 5. What is the lenght of side HO? ________
B. Complete the pairs of corresponding sides and angles.
1. ∠E ≅ ______
2. ∠M ≅ ______
3. ∠EGT ≅ ______
4. AS ≅______
5. MS ≅_______
6. ET ≅ _____
7. Δ_______ ≅ Δ_______

ACTIVITY 2. LOOK AND FIND!

Identify the four pairs of congruent triangles and their congruent parts from the given figure.

1. Δ AGF≅ ΔAHB
Pairs of congruent angles Pairs of congruent sides
∠______≅∠ ______ ______≅ ______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______
2. Δ BCH≅ ΔFEG
Pairs of congruent angles Pairs of congruent sides
∠______≅∠ ______ ______≅ ______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______
3. Δ ADE≅ ΔADC
Pairs of congruent angles Pairs of congruent sides
∠______≅∠ ______ ______≅ ______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______
4. Δ ABC≅ ΔAFE
Pairs of congruent angles Pairs of congruent sides
∠______≅∠ ______ ______≅ ______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______

ACTIVITY 3. MAKE A LIST

A. ΔRFT ≅ΔGLS, list all the six corresponding sides and angles of the congruent triangles.
Corresponding sides Corresponding angles
1. ______ ≅ _________ 4. ______ ≅ _________
2. ______ ≅ _________ 5. ______ ≅ _________
3. ______ ≅ _________ 6. ______ ≅ _________
B. Look at the figure and list all the corresponding parts of the congruent triangles.
Corresponding sides Corresponding angles
1. ______ ≅ _________ 4. ______ ≅ _________
2. ______ ≅ _________ 5. ______ ≅ _________
3. ______ ≅ _________ 6. ______ ≅ _________

7. Δ_______≅ Δ_______

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
ACTIVITY 4. THINK THINK THINK!
Given are congruent triangles, find the unknown values.
1. a. m ∠C = ______________
a. m ∠M = ______________
̅̅̅̅ = ______________
b. m PX

2. d. ̅̅̅ = ____________
m SZ
e. m ∠K = ___________
f. m ∠Q = ___________

3. g. m ∠R = ________________
h. m ∠V = _________________
i. m ∠T = _________________
j. m ∠H = ________________

ACTIVITY 5. FIND YOUR X!

Solve for the value of x in each problem. Show your complete solution.
1. ΔMEN ≅ ΔYOB 2. ΔFTG ≅ ΔGIF

3. ΔJPT ≅ ΔJYT 4. ΔUWX ≅ ΔVYZ

5. ΔMAR ≅ ΔMCR

Remember

• Congruent means that the figures have the same size and shape.
• Two triangles are congruent if their vertices can be paired so that corresponding sides are
congruent and corresponding angles are congruent.
• There are six pairs of corresponding congruent parts of two congruent triangles

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
 Check your Understanding

Show that the triangles are congruent by making a complete congruence statement from the
figure below.

∠______ ≅∠ ______ ______ ≅ ______

∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅ ______
∠______ ≅∠______ ______ ≅______

Δ_______ ≅ Δ______

Post-test

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on a sheet of paper.

1. How many pairs of corresponding congruent parts do two congruent triangles have?
a. four b. three c. eight d. six
2. If ΔGEM ≅ ΔLYT, what angle is congruent to ∠M?
a. ∠T b. ∠L c. ∠Y d. ∠E
3. If ΔGEM ≅ ΔLYT, which of the following are congruent sides?
̅̅̅̅ ≅ LY
a. GE ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ≅ YT
b. GM ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ≅ LT
c. EM ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ ≅ YT
d. GM ̅̅̅̅

4. Use the figure to name the correct congruence statement.

̅̅̅̅≅BY
a. AY ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅≅BY
b. AX ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅≅YA
c.AY ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅≅BY
d. AY ̅̅̅̅
̅̅
XY̅̅≅AY
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
AY≅𝐴B ̅ ̅̅̅̅
AX≅BY̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
AX≅BA̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅
AX≅AB̅̅̅̅ ̅̅
XY̅̅≅AY
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
XY≅AB̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
XY≅AY̅̅̅̅
ΔYXA ≅ ΔYAB ΔAYX ≅ ΔBAX ΔAXY≅ ΔYBA ΔAXY ≅ ΔBAY

5. Which of the following pairs of triangles are congruent?

a. b.

c. d.

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3
 6. From the given figure, which of the following pair of sides are congruent?
B L

A M O T

̅̅̅̅ and LO
a. BM ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ and LO
b. BA ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅ and LT
c. AM ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅ and OT
d. BM ̅̅̅̅

7. Using the figure, name the conguent triangles.

A
a . Δ ACD ≅ ΔABC b. Δ EAB≅ ΔBDE

E B c. Δ DBC ≅ ΔBED d. ΔADB ≅ ΔBEC

D C

8. From the given pairs of corresponding parts of congruent triangles. Name the
congruent triangles.

∠D ≅ ∠M ̅̅̅̅ ≅ MN
DG ̅̅̅̅̅ a. ΔTDG ≅ ΔNML b. Δ DGT ≅ ΔMNL
∠G ≅ ∠N ̅̅̅̅
GT ≅ ̅̅̅̅
NL c. ΔDGT ≅ ΔLNM d. Δ GTD ≅ ΔMLN
∠T ≅ ∠L ̅̅̅̅ ≅ LM
TD ̅̅̅̅
9. Determine the congruent angles in Δ FOR ≅ ΔSLY.
a. ∠F ≅ ∠S, ∠O ≅ ∠L, ∠R ≅ ∠Y b.∠F ≅ ∠L, ∠O ≅ ∠S, ∠R ≅ ∠Y
c. ∠F ≅ ∠Y, ∠O ≅ ∠S, ∠R ≅ ∠L d. ∠F ≅ ∠S, ∠O ≅ ∠Y, ∠R ≅ ∠L

10. Determine the correct congruence statement from the figures.

a. ∠S ≅∠H b. ∠S ≅∠H
∠K ≅∠T ∠K ≅∠I
∠Y ≅∠I ∠Y ≅∠T
ΔSKY ≅ ΔHTI ΔSKY ≅ ΔHIT
c. ∠K ≅∠T d. ∠Y ≅∠I
∠S ≅∠H ∠K ≅∠H
∠Y ≅∠I ∠S ≅∠T
ΔKSY ≅ ΔTHI ΔYKS ≅ ΔIHT

Additional Activities

A video lesson on Congruent Triangles will help you to understand the lesson more, watch it at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beULaYYPEXU&t=357s

Reflection

What is the importance of the lesson to our everyday life?

____________________________________________________________
How can I use what I have learned in real life?
____________________________________________________________

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MATH 8 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3