A Proposed Tabunok Public Market With An Intra City Terminalpdf PDF Free

A PROPOSED TABUNOK PUBLIC MARKET WITH
AN INTRA-CITY TERMINAL
A Thesis
Presented to the
Department of Architecture
CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY – UNIVERSITY
N. Bacalso St., Cebu City, Philippines
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Architecture
By
DELA SERNA, GILBERT II M.

OMAQUE, VINCE DOMINIQUE M.
PLAZA, CLARK DOMINIC G.
March 2017
APPROVAL SHEET
This Undergraduate thesis entitled “A PROPOSED TABUNOK PUBLIC

MARKET WITH AN INTRA-CITY TERMINAL" prepared and submitted by Gilbert
M. Dela Serna II, Vince Dominique M. Omaque, and Clark Dominic G. Plaza, in
partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
IN ARCHITECTURE, has been examined and is recommended for acceptance
and approval for oral defense.
THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE
_AR. JUNE S. BAYATON_

Chairman
AR. EMELINE JOY LIM-GANZON AR. EMELINE JOY LIM-GANZON

Thesis Coordinator Thesis Adviser
___AR. FRANCISCO P. EPE___ _AR. ANNABELLE M. GUAZON_

Panelist Panelist
Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with the grade of___________.
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
___AR. FRANCISCO P. EPE___ __AR. ANNABELLE M. GUAZON__

Panelist Panelist
__MR. WINEFREDO M. BAS__

Panelist
ACCEPTED AND APPROVED in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture.
Date of Design Hearing : July 24, 2016

Date of Oral Examination : February 24, 2017
ENGR. EVANGELINE C. EVANGELISTA, DM

Dean, CEA
ii
ABSTRACT
Title : A PROPOSED TABUNOK PUBLIC MARKET

WITH AN INTRA-CITY TERMINAL
Researchers : GILBERT M. DELA SERNA II

: VINCE DOMINIQUE M. OMAQUE
: CLARK DOMINIC G. PLAZA
Degree : BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE
School : CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY –

UNIVERSITY
N. BACALSO ST., CEBU CITY, PHILIPPINES
Year Completed : 2017
Number of Pages : 163
This study aimed to propose a new Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-
City Terminal to be located in Tabunok, Talisay City, Cebu as to address the
existing problems and concerns of the current public market and terminal.
A Public Market is a place that serves as a ground for trading of goods and
products, livestock and services. It offers low-risk business opportunities provided
that it encourages development and feeds money back into the city’s economy.
An Intra-City Transport Terminal is also defined as a transportation hub or

destination that circulates or operates within the city alone. It is a station for loading
and unloading of passengers on vehicles. It is a point or station usually at the end
of the transport route that serves as an access point for passengers.
iii
The study used the descriptive research method. It involves interpreting,
recording, analyzing, observing and describing existing conditions of the research
environments whether they met the standards, resolutions and ordinances for a
Public Market and terminal set by Talisay City LGU, TPM Administrator and other
involved instigating agency. Stratified random sampling and probability sampling
was used in the study. There were four sets of respondents identified and these
were the business owners, vendors, patrons and public transportation vehicle
drivers.
Year after year, urbanization strengthens as well as the development of a

certain locality depending on its economic growth. Being close to Cebu City,
Talisay City has become known to its growth and it serves as a catchment area or
an alternative location for trade and commerce.
A new Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-City Terminal is the most

feasible solution against the problems and concerns encountered by the
current/existing facility.
It is recommended that the contents of this study be used for the

implementation and operation for the new Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-
City Terminal. Also, this study may serve as a basis for future studies to be
undertaken by other researchers with regards to a Public Market and Intra-City
terminal study or development.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers are grateful with all humility to the following people that
greatly contributed in the creation of this book and that they truly deserve to be
given the recognitions.
To Talisay City Mayor Eduardo Gullas for sharing his insights during the
interview that is significant in the development of the study and his staff Ms.
Rodelyn Navarro and Ms. Teofila Echavez for the patience on following up a
schedule for the interview.
To Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw for sharing us his insights during the interview,
to Ms.Lisette Nuñez and Talisay City Engineer’s Office’s staff.
To Mr. Winefredo Bas, the TPM Administrator and his staff for being very
hospitable and supportive for our study. For which they also provided relevant data
and information about the existing Tabunok Public Market
To Ms. Mary Jane Enrile, the Business Permits and Licensing Department
Head for entertaining and providing us relevant data and information.
To Jerod Ravago and Nathalie Jagna for giving the researchers advises,
recommendations and insights on how to start and finish a study.
To the market vendors and drivers for the cooperation in answering the
questionnaire-interviews.
To our family for the encouragement, emotional, spiritual and financial,

support.
To our friends, the GOODBOYS, for having those stressful overnights and
happy moments.
To Chef Popoy, for the delicious foods he provides us when we stayed at

Lyndon Fermo Jr’s residence
v
To Jasmin Toñacao and Alyanna Kate Buenavista for the support and
encouragement. Also, for helping the researchers on the tally and distribution of
questionnaires for different areas and sections of TPM and terminal.
To Architect Richard M. Abella, our Thesis Research Writing coordinator for

being one of our mentors and guide during the course of the study.
To our dearest adviser, Architect Emeline Joy Lim-Ganzon who became our
mentor for sharing her expertise on technicalities, vast knowledge, patience and
allocating her time during consultation periods.
To ourselves, the researchers to those countless sleepless and no sleep

nights that we enjoyed, ups and downs during the development of the study and
memories shared; and
To GOD ALMIGHTY, HE who provided us with good health, wisdom,

courage to proceed.
GILBERT M. DELA SERNA II

VINCE DOMINIQUE M. OMAQUE
CLARK DOMINIC G. PLAZA
The Researchers
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Approval Sheet ii
Abstract iii
Acknowledgement v
Table of Contents iii
List of Tables iii
List of Figures xiv
Chapter 1. The Problem and its Scope 1
Introduction 1
Rationale 2
Conceptual Background of the Study 3
Conceptual Framework of the Study 3
Statement of the Problem 4
Significance of the Study 4
Scope and Delimitations 5
Definition of Terms 6
Chapter 2. Reviews of Related Literature 7
Chapter 3. Research Methodology 11
Methodology 11
Environment 11
Research Procedures 13
vii
Oral Investigation 13
Instruments 13
Archival Investigations 14
Subject / Respondents 14
Data Gathering 15
Treatment of Data 15
Client 15
Flow of the Study 15
Table of Parameters 17
Chapter 4. Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data 20
The Study Area 20
Site Conditions 20
Technical Description of the Site 23
Sketch Plan of the SIte 24
Climate 25
Topography and Slope 25
Soil 25
Water 28
Communication 28
Power 28
Solid Waste Management 29
Drainage 29
Transportation 30
Road 32
viii
Market Definition 34
Public Market Stall and Store Owners 35
Legitimate Vendors 35
Illegal and Ambulant Vendors 36
Amount of Goods delivered in the market daily 39
Types of Commuters using the Terminal 39
Public Transport Parking Ratio 40
Results of Interviews 41
Questionnaires 42
Market Vendors, Stall and Store Owners questionnaire-interview

Responses 42
Public Transport Vehicle Drivers questionnaire-interview Responses 45
SWOT Analysis 47
Analysis 48
Chapter 5. Summary, Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations 49
Summary 49
Findings 50
Conclusions 50
Recommendations 51
Chapter 6. Architectural Programming, Financial and Management

Aspect, and Architectural Solution 53
Architectural Programming 53
Schematics 54
Bubble Diagram 57
ix
Space Matrices 58
Financial and Management Aspect 60
Project Cost Estimate 60
Phasing Program 60
Grace Period 61
Return of Investment 62
Management 63
Architectural Solution 65
Site Analysis 66
Concept 67
Site Development Plan 68
Ground Floor Plan 69
Basement Floor Plan 70
Second Floor Plan 70
Transport Terminal Layout Plan 71
Ramp Flow Detail 72
Utility Room Layout Detail 73
Ground Floor Electrical Layout Plan 74
Second Floor Electrical Layout Plan 75
Ground Floor Lighting Layout Plan 76
Second Floor Lighting Layout Plan 77
Ground Floor Plumbing Layout Plan 78
Second Floor Plumbing Layout Plan 79
Roof Turbine Exhaust Layout Plan 80
Roof Turbine Exhaust Air Flow Diagram 81
x
Stair Blow-up 82
Elevation 82
Front and Rear Elevations 83
Left Side and Right Side Elevations 84
Longitudinal and Cross Sections 85
Rainwater Reuse and Harvesting Diagram 86
Aerial Perspectives 87
Architectural Perspectives 89
Interior Perspectives 92
Stalls 95
Bibliography 96
Appendices 98
Appendix A: Letter of Intent to Thesis Coordinator 98
Appendix B: Letter of Invitation to Thesis Adviser 99
Appendix C: Transmittal Letters 100
C.1 Letter for Appointment to Hon. Eduardo R. Gullas 100
C.2 Request for Authorization from Hon Eduardo R. Gullas 101
C.3 Letter for Appointment to Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw 102
C.3.1 Interview Guide for Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw 103
C.4 Cover Letter for Questionnaires 104
C.4.1 Questionnaire for Stall and Store Owners, and Market

Vendors 105
C.4.2 Questionnaire for Public Transport Vehicle Drivers 106
Appendix D: Computation of Sample Size 107
xi
Appendix E: PD 1096 – The National Building Code of the Philippines 109
Appendix F: RA 9514 Fire Code of the Philippines 121
Appendix G: Bus Karo 2.0 – Case Studies from India 128
Appendix H: Photographs of Interviews 129
Appendix I: Photographs of the Research Environment 130
Appendix J: Articles and Ordinances 139
Glossary 143
Curriculum Vitae 144
xii
List of Tables
Table 1 Table of Parameters 17
Table 2 Technical Description - Lot 3284, 3285, 3287 and 3288 23
Table 3 Garbage Truck Collection Schedule - TPM 29
Table 4 Tricycle Routes on the Existing Terminal 30
Table 5 Public Utility Jeepney Routes 32
Table 6 SWOT Analysis 47
Table 7 Public Market Standards A 54
Table 8 Public MArket Standard B 54
Table 9 Toilet Requirements for Personnel and Stallholders 54
Table 10 Toilet Requirements for Customers 54
Table 11 Plumbing Unit Requirements 54
Table 12 Planning and Design Considerations 58
Table 13 Sources of Income 61
Table 14 Phasing Program 62
xiii
List of Figures
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 Conceptual Framework of the Study 3
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Locational Map of the Existing TPM 12
Figure 3.2 Existing Structures of the TPM 12
Figure 3.3 Flow of the Study 16
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 The Study Area – Talisay City, Cebu 20
Figure 4.2 Site Location 21
Figure 4.3 Site Location and Existing Structures 21
Figure 4.4 Land Use and Zoning Map – Talisay City 22
Figure 4.5 Sketch Plan of the Site 24
Figure 4.6 Mean Annual Rainfall of the Site 26
Figure 4.7 Slope Map – Talisay City 27
Figure 4.8 100 Year Flood Hazard Map 29
Figure 4.9 Existing Tricycle Terminal adjacent to the TPM 31
Figure 4.10 Jeepney – Taxi – Habal-habal Parking Areas 32
Figure 4.11 Road Network Map – Talisay City 33
Figure 4.12 Current Market Vendors Ratio - TPM 35
Figure 4.13 Areas of Observation for Ambulant Vendors 36
Figure 4.14 Area A – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors 36
Figure 4.15 Area B – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors 37
xiv
Figure 4.16 Area C – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors 38
Figure 4.17 Area D – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors 38
Figure 4.18 Public Transport Vehicle Parking Ratio 41
Questionnaire Responses: Stall and Store owners, and Market Vendors
Figure 4.19 Modes of Payment 42
Figure 4.20 Rental Fees 42
Figure 4.21 Power 43
Figure 4.22 Water 43
Figure 4.23 Space Appropriation on Rent 43
Figure 4.24 Space Appropriation on Goods Sold 44
Figure 4.25 Commodity Restocking 44
Figure 4.26 Sales Percentage 44
Figure 4.27 Vehicles for Cargo / Goods 45
Questionnaire Responses: Public Transport Vehicle Drivers
Figure 4.28 Modes of Transportation 45
Figure 4.29 Terminal Usage 46
Figure 4.30 Toll Fee for Terminal Entry 46
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 Project Ecology 53
Figure 6.2 Bubble Diagram for Market 55
Figure 6.3 Bubble Diagram for Market Sections 55
Figure 6.4 Bubble Diagram for Terminal 56
Figure 6.5 Flow Diagram 56
xv
Figure 6.6 Space Matrix for Public Market 57
Figure 6.7 Space Matrix fot Terminal 58
Figure 6.8 Locational Distances of Buildings / Structures 60
Figure 6.9 Phasing Program Duration per month 62
Figure 6.10 Spectrum of Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure and

Development Projects 64
Figure 6.11 Contractual Structure of a Typical BOT Project 65
xvi
CHAPTER 1
The Problem and Its Scope
Introduction
A Public Market, a place that serves as a ground for trading of goods and
products, livestock, services and others. It can be observed that both Filipino
consumers and producers have roles to play in the marketing of merchandise and
items, known locally as “hangyo” in Visayan dialect or “tawaran” in Filipino
language. It makes the public market popular because of this transaction scheme,
where people negotiate the prices of goods at a lower price.
The Filipino public market encourages small scale entrepreneurs to invest

in such place where it offers low-risk business opportunities provided that it
encourages development and feeds money back into the city’s economy. The
typical Filipino public market is often described as wet and has untidy floor grounds
which results to dingy place and a foul smelling environment. These under-
maintained structures lead to the construction of more convenient, modernized and
well ventilated supermarkets and hypermarkets where some are fully air
conditioned. Nevertheless, these public markets still back a significant part in the
advancement of the general well-being and neighborhood food frameworks.
An Intra-city Transport Terminal is also defined as a transportation hub or

destination that circulates or operates within the city alone. It refers to any facility
where passengers are assembled or disseminated and do not travel individually
but in batches. It is a station for loading and unloading of passengers on vehicles.
It is a point or station usually at the end of the transport route that serves as an
access point for passengers. Terminals are purposes of exchange inside the same
modular framework and protect a continuity of the flow. It is also a common idea
to Filipinos that there is a facility catering to public vehicles available for batch
travelling at a lesser cost in an area within the municipality or city where certain
routes are assigned to a destination.
Rationale
The growing development of urbanization in Talisay City has become

known. Because of its proximity to Cebu City, the city serves as a catchment area
or an alternative location for trade and commerce. The increase in number of
business establishments is coming from the food sector such as eateries and food
stands.
Brgy. Tabunok, named after the word “Tabo” means gathering and market;
same with Taboan in Brgy. San Nicolas, Cebu City. The Tabunok Public Market is
located within the implemented C-3 zone or the High Density Commercial Zone. It
is the busiest market in Talisay City comparable to Cebu City’s Carbon Market in
terms of number of customers served. The Tabunok Public Market is the recipient
of the agricultural products of the south and northwest portion of the province. The
Tabunok Commercial District where the Public Market is located, caters the needs
of the residents and as well as the other twenty-one (21) barangays of the city.
Barangay Tabunok, the densest barangay of Talisay City holds the most number
of commercial stall and establishments and is popular for its Public Market, which
is concentrated, disorganized, overcrowded and has an inadequate area for
vehicle parking, loading/unloading of goods and has worsened the traffic problems
of the area. The attempt of relocating the public market from Brgy. Tabunok to
Brgy. Lagtang has been considered a failure due to popular will where people are
used to the old public market because it takes too much time going to the new
public market. (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010). The public market is easily
reachable with a ride or two from any area of the metro to its adjacent transport
terminal.
The existing adjacent transport terminal has been of so-called a temporary

terminal even though it has been established many years ago and people got used
to considering it as a permanent passenger terminal. The passenger terminal is a
court for local public transport such as jeepneys, tricycles and motorcycles often
called as habal-habal; and the existing terminal lacks any more space for the latter
often seen displaced near the terminal which causes more traffic problems.
2
Conceptual Background of the Study
The concept of a market comes from an Agora; one of the significant

buildings of the early Greek Period which is referred to as a gathering place in
which goods are sold. It also takes place in the Roman Period, the Forum similarly
defined to that of the Greek building.
Various principles from Ian Bentley’s Responsive Environments and Kevin

Lynch’s Images of a City, De Chiara and Callender’s Time Saver Standards, Wiley
& Sons’ Architectural Graphic Standards were used as a reference to come across
the standards for the development of the study on Tabunok Public Market.
Figure 1.1 Conceptual Framework of the Study
3
Statement of the Problem
For the lack of proper planning, the researchers view the existing conditions
as the problem with all the bustling activities of the public market and terminal of
Barangay Tabunok.
The presence of these problems may pose a threat to the sustainability of the
Tabunok Public Market and working with the main problem, the proponents aim to
answer the following questions:
1. How many stall and store owners does the current public market have?
a. Legitimate; and
b. Illegal and ambulant vendors
2. How much of goods are delivered in the market every day?
3. What type of commuters does the current terminal accommodate?
4. What is the ratio of parking to franchised vehicles using the terminal:
a. Jeepneys
b. Tricycles
c. Taxi cabs
d. Motorcycles – habal-habal; and
5. What is the best architectural treatment possible in meeting the
requirements of a standard market and terminal for the locality?
Significance of the Study
The study is significant to the following entities, private and public, considered also
as stakeholders:
Economy. This supports the regeneration of urban and rural linkages. It also
stimulates communities by increasing employment.
Local Livelihood. The study will benefit the local livelihood of Talisay City and
Barangay Tabunok provided that different aspects which customers
4
consume such as agriculture, marine, livestock and general merchandise
are remunerated.
Architectural. The study will empower and restore the mindset of architecture that
architectural schemes and solutions can elevate the appalling situations
and conditions of Tabunok Public Market
Local Government of Talisay City and Barangay Tabunok. The Tabunok Public
Market with an Intra-City Terminal will serve as the legacy of the
Talisaynons for the future generations creating a pride and an image of the
locality.
Public and Private Transportation. An increase of satisfaction due to a proper and

smooth traffic schemes and management.
Patrons. An increase of satisfaction due to convenience and improved

environment.
Entrepreneurs. The public market will attract more customers resulting to more
income for the store or stall.
Researchers. The study will give the researchers adept knowledge about public
markets and terminal planning and design that can be used as a future
reference.
Scope and Delimitations
The proposed study aims to focus on markets and terminals and is limited
to Tabunok Public Market with an adjacent intra-city terminal and its conditions that
are viewed to be as a threat to the urbanization of Talisay City. Other commercial
establishments that engage in trading and commerce are not covered in this study.
As the product of this study, the research-designers shall only provide
5
architectural programming, architectural design solution with provision for basic
utilities such as electrical and plumbing.
Definition of Terms
The terms hereunder are used as defined by Merriam Webster and by the
researchers in their role as planners.
Intra-city. Is a state of being, occurring or operating within the city.

(www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary)
Public Market. Is a location where people regularly gather for the purchase and
sale of provisions, livestock and other goods.
(www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary)
Public Transport Terminal. A facility that regulates all modes of public transport
going to diverse parts of the city to realize order in the service of transportation.
6
CHAPTER 2
Reviews of Related Literature
The Senate Bill 1319 “An Act Instituting a Public Market Code of the
Philippines” of the Fifteenth Congress of the Philippines introduced by former
Senator Manuel Villar Jr. (Sec. 2) To complement and supplement the provisions
of the Local Government Code, RA 7160, in relation to the establishment,
regulation and maintenance of the public markets, it is the purpose to make public
markets responsive and effective instrument of public service as well as dynamic
and viable enterprises to strengthen the financial capabilities of cities,
municipalities, and where feasible, barangays. Thus significantly contributing to
national and local development, and towards this end, to develop, regulate, and
standardize market systems and professionalize market services.
It is imperative upon the planners to meet the requirements of the respective

Code in dealing with the problems identified in the Tabunok Public Market to
develop it into what the government sees as an instrument of public service.
A book “Public Markets” by Helen Tangires (2003) is a richly illustrated

compendium of the wide variety of buildings and spaces devoted to the urban
marketplace. More than 800 historical and contemporary photographs,
architectural drawings, maps, and posters from around the world depict the many
types of public markets, including open-air marketplaces; street markets; markets
in public buildings; market sheds; enclosed market houses; central markets; and
wholesale terminal markets.
The book contains architectural standards and principles as guide in

achieving a sustainable and feasible Public Market.
The HLURB Article IV – IRR to Govern the Processing of Application
for Locational Clearance of Markets briefly defines markets, its standards in
terms of design. Promulgate zoning and other land use control standards and
guidelines which shall govern land use plans and zoning ordinances of local
governments; the zoning components of civil works and infrastructure projects of
the national, regional and local governments.
The market must be zoned dependent on the activities identified.
“Fresno Public Market Feasibility Assessment” (Market Ventures, Inc.

2013) aims to give guidelines and recommendations on how to develop a
Sustainable Public Market and providing strategies and principles on Innovative
Marketing.
The study provides the researchers insights on consumer behavior and

product innovation, giving clear understanding that supports on pointing the
potential advantages/ disadvantages for every steps in developing the Public
Market.
An article “Construction of Public Market in Caloocan’s Biggest

Barangay Divides Residents” by Mark Ersan D. Ate and Nathaniel R. Melican
(2014) Residents in an area in Barangay Bagong Silang in Caloocan—the
country’s biggest barangay—are divided over the city government’s plan to build a
public market in the area over concerns about its accessibility and sanitation.
The article shares the same condition of the site where congestion and
sanitation are the primary concerns. This provides information on the existing
8
project, improving the strategies and approaches supporting the study of the
Tabunok Public Market in the City of Talisay.
“Accessibility for Disabled in Public Transportation Terminal” by Seyed

Hassan Khalifeh Soltani , Mashita Sham , Mohamad Awang ,and Rostam Yaman
, (2011) shows the importance of accessibility in daily life dealing with the external
and internal environments. Realizing that most public transport terminals still lack
in terms of good design and facilities thus a serious concern for the matters is
needed to ensure the convenient for all. It has been widely accepted that disabled
people, have fewer opportunities and lower quality of life than non-disabled. Added
with poor accessibility, the disabled people face more challenges and difficulties
while travelling and using the public transport.
The study becomes increasingly difficult to ignore the issues relative to the
PWD while using the facilities of the public transport terminal with ease in dealing
daily living in using public transport.
“Bus Karo 2.0” – Case studies from India by Priyanka Vasudevan state
that planning and designing terminals must consider two perspectives: the
operator’s and the users. A high level of service entails a safe and permeable
environment outside the terminal and convenient movement within. There are five
considerations when designing a good terminal, (see Table 1): terminal capacity,
passenger level of service, accessibility, commuter safety, and passenger
amenities.
The “Images of the City” by Kevin Lynch (1960) stated moving elements
in a city, and in particular the people and their activities, are as important as the
stationary physical parts. People are not simply observers of this vision, but the
researchers themselves are a part of it, on stage with the other participants. Most
9
often, the perception of the city is not sustained but rather partial, fragmentary,
mixed with other concerns, nearly every sense is in operation and the image is the
composite of them all.
Contributing useful insights and information, Kevin Lynch’s idea about

moving elements in a city is not only applicable to the study, but it is also applicable
in a miniscule thorough scale with regards to the environment of a building and
behavior of the people around and within it. Also, this gives an idea to the
researchers of how the number of people grow inside the market and how to deal
with it.
The principle of “Responsive Environments” by Ian Bentley, states that

the design of a place affects the choices people make at many levels; it affects
where people can go and where they cannot, is referred to as Permeability. Variety
affects the range of users available to people. Legibility affects how easily people
can understand what opportunities it offers. Robustness affects the degree to
which people can use given place for different purposes. Visual Appropriateness
affects whether the detailed appearance of the place makes people aware of the
choices available. Richness affects people’s choice of sensory experiences.
Personalization affects the extent to which people can put their own stamp on a
place.
The choices and behavior of the people vary from place to place and time
to time, setting the researchers’ understanding to have a concrete basis for the
best solution in planning the proposed structure. It is to make the place and spaces
to be more responsive, functional and efficient. With the means of Bentley’s
principle and concept, the researchers can design a smooth, uniform and
organized condition of the proposed building or structure.
10
CHAPTER 3
Research Methodology
This chapter in general explains in detail the means and procedures on

how to accordingly go about the study undertaken.
Methodology
The descriptive method of research was used in the study. Descriptive

Method utilizes elements of both quantitative and qualitative research
methodologies in the same study. It involves data collection using the most apt
tools which can lead to accurate conclusions. It describes current events and any
occurrences. Since the study is concerned with the study of the Tabunok Public
Market, the researchers have identified the descriptive method to be the most
suitable method of research. For instance, it offers positive consequences that are
helpful to the locality; another, it provides sound solutions addressed to the
problem as a reference to similar study.
The data collection was carried out with the use of literature review,
interviews and questionnaires. The literature review and interviews were used for
qualitative data while questionnaires were used to collect both qualitative and
quantitative data; thus the two will complement each other.
Environment
The research environment of the study is the Tabunok Public Market with
an adjacent terminal located in a highly dense commercial district of the city. The
Tabunok Public Market is in the City of Talisay, Cebu. The market is bounded by
the National Highway which is the N. Bacalso Avenue on the southeast facing an
overpass, Tabunok – Toledo road or the R. Rabaya St. on the northeast of the lot.
Shown is the location map of the existing Tabunok Public Market and the point of
interest as a site for the study.
Figure 3.1 Locational Map of the Existing TPM
Image Source: Google Maps
Figure 3.2 Existing Structures of the TPM (August 2016)

12
Research Procedures
3.1 Oral Investigation
Series of interviews were conducted to gather significant information

relative the proposed project. This strategy included the participation of
Talisaynons such as the barangay officials, local government heads of the City
Assessor’s Office (CAO), City Planning and Development Coordinator, Office of
the City Agriculturist, and the Economic Enterprise Management, Land
Transportation Office (LTO), and, lastly, the Land Transportation Franchising and
Regulatory Board (LTFRB).
3.1.1 Instruments
The interview is one of the common research instrument frequently used to

gather data swiftly. It is a conversation with a purpose in which one or more
persons question, consult, or evaluate another person. This instrument can be of
formal or informal type. Interviews can be classified into four types such as:
structured interview, unstructured interview, focus interview and non-directive
interview. All types of interview were used by the researchers. The interview held
was at first, structured. There were questions made before the schedule of
interviews. The unstructured interview made use of an interview guide for clarity of
the answer.
The observation is an act of careful watching and listening. An activity

paying close attention to someone or something in order to get information
(Merriam – Webster). Observation can either be classified into participant
observation or non-participant observation. As for the study, the form of
observation used were the participant observation where one is actively
participating in the situation, and the non-participant observation where one is not
taking active part in the situation and merely watches the point of interest. A
benefit to this type of observation is that the researchers had ample time as
desired to observe the subject or location relative to the study to gain accurate
results and findings.
13
Mechanical devices, such as photo/video cameras, audio recorder, and
the computer were used to back up and validate the gathered data.
3.2 Archival Investigations
Seeking out and extracting data and information from original archival
records was conducted by the researchers. It is an accumulation of historical
records on the physical place. Wherein, archives contain primary source
documents that have accumulated over a period of time and are kept to show
function of that person, organization or location.
It is a collection of data moved to a repository for backup, to keep separate

for compliance reasons or for moving off primary storage media. It can include
simple list of files or files organized under a directory or catalog structure
(depending on how a particular program supports archiving).
Subject / Respondents
The subject of the study is the Tabunok Public Market and the adjacent
transport terminal, wherein entrepreneurs or the business owners, vendors,
patrons of Tabunok Public Market and public transportation vehicle drivers are the
respondents. Stratified random sampling is to be used in which the researchers
divided the population into separate groups then a probability sampling is
conducted on each group.
A total of 262 legitimate market vendors were identified as respondents. On

the other hand, as per request by Market Head Administrator Winefredo Bas, the
number of respondents were increased from 265 to 414. Rendering more than a
half of the legitimate vendors were identified as samples.
A total of 330 tricycle drivers were identified as respondents. Drivers of other

modes of transportation such as the jeepney, taxi were included inasmuch as the
number is significant. No provision for terminal services or spaces were included.
14
Data Gathering
The tools that the researchers used in gathering reliable and valid primary
data were field records, interviews, surveys, questionnaires, and observations;
mechanical tools such as computers, photo/video cameras, audio recorders for
interviews.
Reviews on related literature, accessing Internet sources produced

secondary data that will secure the validity of the subject. These secondary data
also included technical documents.
Treatment of Data
Data gathered, qualitative and quantitative, were handled and documented

carefully. These data were sorted and interpreted in the manner of putting it into
charts, tables, figures to create significance in the data gathering. The data
compiled will guide both the researchers and the stakeholders in the fulfillment of
the project.
Client
The principal client is the City Government of Talisay (LGU). The outcome
of the study would benefit not only the Local Government Unit of the city but also
the general public and business owners to ensure the efficiency of services.
Flow of the Study
The study is divided into three segments: Input, Process, and Output. These
segments are then classified in which certain elements are met to arrive at a best
possible solution. The input would include the observed current existing site
conditions, theoretical impacts considered in the study, data compilation of the
data gathered, and programming on how to evaluate and analyze given data. Then
the process would include evaluation of data reviews on literature, interpretation
and the presentation of the data. The output would be the proposed project.
15
• Stall and Store owners
• Drivers
• Goods
• Commuters
INPUT • Parking
• Interviews
• Questionnaires
• Observations
• Archival Investigation
PROCESS • SWOT Analysis
• TABUNOK PUBLIC MARKET WITH AN

INTRA-CITY TERMINAL
OUTPUT
Figure 3.3 Flow of the Study
16
Table of Parameters
Type of Information Type of Data

Parameters Variables Tools Source
Quantitative Qualitative Primary Secondary
Area Description
Talisay City Engineer’s

Technical Description Document Search
Office
Contour   DOST GIS
Hazardous Areas   Document Search DOST GIS
Land Classification   Document Search CLUP – Talisay City
Physical
Meteorology   Document Search DOST GIS
Factors
Document Search / CLUP – Talisay City /
Road Map   
Observation Researchers
Slope   Document Search CLUP – Talisay City
Soil   Document Search CLUP – Talisay City
Topography   Document Search CLUP – Talisay City
Water Map /
  Document Search CLUP – Talisay City
Hydrographic Survey
17
Utilities
Communication   Site Inspection SITE
Drainage   Site Inspection SITE

Physical Factors
Power   Site Inspection SITE
Transportation   Site Inspection SITE
Water   Site Inspection SITE
Interview /
Business Owners   SITE
Questionnaires
Interview /
Market Vendors   SITE
Questionnaires
Interview /
Drivers   SITE
Questionnaires
Commuters   Observation SITE

Socio-Economic
Factors
Consumers   Observation SITE
Ambulant Vendors   Observation SITE
Market Vendors' Interview /

  SITE
Organization Questionnaires
Interview /
Drivers' Organization   SITE
Questionnaires
18
NBCP   Document Search PRBOA
BFP / Official Gazette of the

Fire Code   Document Search
Philippines
LGU – Talisay City / TPM
Local Ordinance   Document Search
Administrator
Legal Factors
Official Gazette of the
Plumbing Code   Document Search
Philippines
Public Market
  Document Search Internet Sources
Standards
Transport Terminal
  Document Search Internet Sources
Standards
Document Search /
World Bank   Internet Sources
Interview
Public - Private
Funding Factors   Interview / Books Internet Sources
Partnership
Build - Operate -
  Interview / Books Internet Sources
Transfer
19
CHAPTER 4
Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data
This chapter tackles on the presentation, interpretation and analysis of data,

primary and secondary, using different tools to answer the main problem and sub-
problems from the previous chapters.
The Study Area
Talisay City located in the Province of Cebu is an option for residential and
commercial ventures. It is bounded by two cities and a municipality namely: Cebu
City by the northeast, Toledo City by the
north, and the Municipality of Minglanilla
at the southwest. Access to the city is
through three different roads from
different points of entry of the city: The N.
Bacalso Ave., from Barangay Bulacao to
Barangay Linao; the R. Rabaya St. or the
Tabunok-Toledo Wharf Road, from
Barangay Camp IV to Barangay San
Roque; the South Road Properties,
extending from Barangay San Roque to
Barangay Lawaan I. Talisay City has
4,370 hectares of land and is composed
Figure 4.1 The Study Area – Talisay City, Cebu
of twenty-two (22) barangays. Image Source: Google
Site Conditions
The identified site is a parcel of land in Barangay Tabunok. The existing

Tabunok Public Market is surrounded by commercial establishments and is located
within the Tabunok Commercial District, a C-3 Zone or a Heavy Commercial Area
of Talisay City. The site has an area of 13,553 sq. m and is composed of four (4)
parcels of lands. These lands came from donation with term conditions of
developing purposely for a construction of a public market. A corner lot that is
bounded by two (2) identified national roads: the 20-meter wide N. Bacalso Ave.
with an overpass adjacent to it and the 14-meter wide R. Rabaya St. or the
Tabunok-Toledo Wharf Road.
Figure 4.2 Site Location

Source: Google Maps
Figure 4.3 Site Location and Existing Structures (August 2016)

Source Google Maps
21
Figure 4.4 Land Use and Zoning Map – Talisay City
Source: Talisay City – City Planning and Development Coordinator
22
Technical Description
LOT 3284
POINTS BEARING DISTANCE
1 2 N 45° 11’ 00” E 63.47 m
2 3 S 59° 39’ 00” E 61.71 m
3 4 S 42° 20’ 00” W 77.64 m
4 1 N 46° 22’ 00” W 63.54 m
LOT 3285
1 2 N 45° 46’ 00” E 58.99 m
2 3 S 39° 30’ 00” E 03.69 m
3 4 S 46° 22’ 00” E 63.54 m
4 5 S 43° 16’ 00” W 59.76 m
5 6 S 62° 57’ 00” W 02.62 m
6 1 N 43° 17’ 00” W 69.02 m
LOT 3287
1 2 S 59° 23’ 00” E 56.49 m
2 3 S 47° 11’ 00” W 63.47 m
3 4 N 39° 30’ 00” W 03.69 m
4 5 N 47° 24’ 00” W 34.90 m
5 6 N 39° 24’ 00” E 14.20 m
6 7 N 11° 53’ 00” E 23.97 m
7 1 N 39° 45’ 00” E 16.40 m
LOT 3288
1 2 N 46° 51’ 00” E 50.17 m
2 3 N 40° 30’ 00” E 26.24 m
3 4 S 47° 24’ 00” E 34.90 m
4 5 S 45° 46’ 00” W 58.99 m
5 6 N 44° 36’ 00” W 11.91 m
6 7 S 53° 47’ 00” W 21.96 m
7 1 N 38° 22’ 00” W 18.61 m
Table 2 Technical Description – Lot 3284, 3285, 3287, 3288

Source City Engineer’s Office – Talisay City
23
Figure 4.5 Sketch Plan of the Site
Source: City Engineer’s Office – Talisay City
24
Climate
The climate of Talisay falls under the third type characterized by

pronounced maximum rain periods with a short dry season. The driest months are
March to April and the heaviest rains occur in October due to depressions/
typhoons and the start of the northeasterly winds in November through December.
Talisay’s shorelines are largely exposed to southwesterly winds in July and August.
Northeasterly winds affect the City beginning October until May. Westerly and
northwesterly winds hardly affect the City owing to its high mountain range along
this direction. (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010)
Mean Annual Rainfall for Barangay Tabunok and majority of the barangays
falls under the first category in which MAR in mm ranges from 1401-1600 mm
excluding Barangays Camp 4, Camp 6, Jaclupan and Tapul.
Topography and Slope
The City of Talisay consists of physically diverse landmass of varying

terrain. The highest point of the city is approximately 720 meters above the sea
level. (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010) Barangay Tabunok considered to belong in
Built-up areas has level to nearly level slopes which has a slope range of 0-8
percent.
Soil
Talisay City has four (4) types of soil, namely: Faraon Clay, Faraon Clay
Steep Phase, Baguio Clay Loam and Mandaue Clay Loam. The Mandaue Clay
Loam covers thirty-six percent (36%) of Talisay City in which Barangay Tabunok
is also covered. Mandaue Clay Loam ranges in depth from 20-30 cm; is brown to
light brown and ranges in textures from silt loam to silt clay loam. The subsoil
whose depth ranges from 50-60 cm; is brown to dark brown. It is mostly cultivated
to low land rice. Soil erosion of this type is not a problem. Eroded materials from
upper areas are deposited on this type of soil. (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010)
25
Figure 4.6 Mean Annual Rainfall – Talisay City
Source: Talisay City CLUP – City Planning and Development Coordinator
26
Figure 4.7 Slope Map – Talisay City
Source: Talisay City CLUP – City Planning and Development Coordinator
27
Water
Metro Cebu Water District (MCWD) sources its water from the Mananga
River and distributes it to Talisay City, Cebu City, Mandaue City, Lapu-Lapu City
and other adjacent municipalities are also served by the MCWD.
For the existing Tabunok Public Market, water is a major problem. Water is
excluded from rental fees. Lack of water for the market introduces the place to
become unsanitary. Business owners and vendors often provide their own water
sold outside the market and from other stores providing water services.
Communication
Communication lines in Talisay City comes mainly from Globe Telecom and
Philippine Long Distance Telephone (PLDT) which supports landline telephones.
Wireless telecommunications also support Talisay City such as DIGITEL Mobile
Philippines, SMART Communication, GLOBE Telecomm, ABS-CBN Convergence
also provide prepaid and postpaid services for communications. These companies
also provide internet access along with promotional landline telephone packages
which help the Talisaynons connect through social media.
Aside from landline and wireless telephone providers commonly known as

cellular phones; there are also postal and telegraphic services, public and private
companies such as PHLPost Corporation, LBC Express, and JRS Express also
provide mail and package delivery service outside and inside Talisay City.
Other means of communication is through mass media. There are daily and
regional newspapers supplied daily which keeps Talisay City’s citizens informed.
The television, radio and cable which links homes to worldwide events, news and
information.
Power
The Visayan Electric Company (VECO) supports Metro Cebu particularly
28
Talisay City, Cebu City, Mandaue City, and the Municipality of Minglanilla. VECO
sources out its power supply from National Power Corporation’s power plant in
Lagtang, Naga (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010)
Solid Waste Management
The existing Tabunok Public Market has three (3) different schedules for
garbage collection. The table shows garbage truck schedules observed daily.
Time Schedule
5:30 AM – 11:00 AM
11:00 AM – 3:00 PM
3:00 PM – 9:00 PM
Table 3 Garbage Truck Collection Schedule - TPM
Drainage
Drainage for the existing Tabunok Public Market extends from the site to
the nearby Mananga River. The drainage system construction for Tabunok Public
Market started in the year 2014 and finished mid-2015.
Mananga River together with Bulacao River, serves as the natural central
drainage channels for Talisay City which cuts the city to allow an efficient drainage
system. (Talisay City CLUP 2001-2010)
Figure 4.8 100 Year Flood Hazard Map

Source: DOST – Project Noah
29
Transportation
Public Transportation system for Talisay City includes the following:
Tricycles are modified motorcycles which can accommodate four (4)

passengers on the side car and two (2) passengers on the motorcycle alone.
These intra-city transportation is a transitional transportation scheme in which
passengers who arrived at the end of a jeepney route, use these type of vehicle to
travel to different barangays of the city.
Shown in the table below are the routes, travel time and fare from the
Tabunok Public Market and vice versa to different destinations of tricycles
operating within the city. Tricycle parking on the terminal is of first come first trip
basis.
Route (vice-versa) Average Travel Time (mins.) Trip Fare
Bulacao to TPM 5 mins P 8.00
Lawaan I to TPM 6 mins P 8.00
Lawaan II to TPM 7 mins P 8.00
Bliss (Lawaan III) to TPM 7 mins P 8.00
Talisay (Poblacion) to TPM 12 mins P 8.00
Mohon to TPM 7 mins P 8.00
Biasong to TPM 15 mins P 8.00
Pooc to TPM 13 mins P 8.00
Tangke – Kimba to TPM 10 mins P 8.00
Dawis to TPM 5 mins P 8.00
Lagtang to TPM 4 mins P 8.00
Table 4 Tricycle Routes on the Existing Terminal

*TPM = Tabunok Public Market
The table shows tricycle routes, average travel time from destination A to
destination B and trip fare that the terminal is offering.
30
Figure 4.9 Existing Tricycle Terminal adjacent to the TPM
Habal – habal are motorcycle mode of transport in Talisay City. Although

illegal in nature in which this type of transport is not franchised with the licensing
office of Talisay City LGU, the government has considered this type of vehicle as
part of public transport for Talisaynons. This mode of transport offers convenience
of passengers to travel at any point of the city for a corresponding price in which
tricycles and jeepneys do not reach.
Taxi cabs are a common mode of transport in the Philippines and globally.
This mode of transport is similarly described as that of the habal-habal but these
are legal and franchised by different operators.
Public Utility Jeepneys (PUJs) are common mode of transport which travels
along N. Bacalso Avenue. Jeepney routes passing through the said avenue are
numbered accordingly, the succeeding table and figure is the list of jeepneys that
uses the terminal adjacent to the public market and its parking area.
31
Number Code Route
41 41B – 41F Tabunok - Taboan
Uncoded PUJs
Camp 4 – Tabunok
Note: Registered public Jaclupan – Tabunok
transport vehicles Toledo – Tabunok
Naga – Tabunok
Table 5 Public Utility Jeepney Routes
Figure 4.10 Jeepney – Taxi – Habal-habal Parking Areas
Road
The site is bounded by two classified national roads, by the northeast is a

four (4) lane 14-meter wide R. Rabaya St. which is an asphalt road and by the
southeast is also a four (4) lane 20-meter wide N. Bacalso Ave. which is also an
asphalt road.
32
Figure 4.11 Road Network Map – Talisay City
Source: Talisay City – CLUP 2001 - 2010
33
Market Definition
From the IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS TO GOVERN THE

PROCESSING OF APPLICATION FOR LOCATIONAL CLEARANCE OF
MARKETS AS AMENDED by the HLURB, Market is, as a general term, refers to
a public place, building or structure where commodities such as foodstuffs, wares
and other merchandise may be bought or sold. It includes any of the following:
Public market is a market that is owned, operated and/or managed by the

government intended to serve the general public.
Private market is a market that is owned, operated and/or managed by the

private individuals or entities, cooperatives, institution or corporation.
Food terminal is a market where products such as seafood, fruits, vegetables,

and other food merchandise are being sold on a wholesale basis (e.g. fish
landing, trading posts, “bagsakan”, “consignacion”).
Satellite market or Talipapa is a type of market with less than 150 stalls that
caters to a limited number of customers.
Supermarket is a market district from a wet or dry market and larger than a
grocery in which shoppers serve themselves by using the baskets or pushcarts in
selecting commodities from shelves or cold display storage and pay their
purchase at the exit.
Wet market is a market where most of the commodities for sale are readily
perishable foods.
Dry market is a market where most of the merchandise displayed for sale are
dry goods.
Therefore, as defined, Tabunok Market is a public market with wet and dry
sections. It sells different types of goods and merchandise in different volumes.
The market also serves as a one-stop shop for different types of consumers.
34
Public Market Stall and Store Owners
A market stall refers to any allotted space or booth in the public market
where merchandise of any kind is sold or offered for sale. A regular fee is collected
on a defined periodic basis. Store owners or stallholders are those who have been
granted the right to use one or more stalls where goods, commodities or foodstuffs
are displayed and sold. Stallholders pay rentals thereon. (Senate Bill No. 1319, an
Act Instituting a National Market Code of the Philippines)
LEGITIMATE MARKET VENDORS
FRESH FISH
192, 20% DRY GOODS

105, 11%
FRUITS & VEGETABLES
24, 3%
47, 5% TRANSIENT/NIGHT VENDORS
DRIED FISH
86, 9%
211, 22% 2-STOREY (General Merchandise)
179, 19%
OLD VEGETABLE BUILDING
20, 2%
11, 1% MEAT
23, 2%
RICE & CORN
111, 12% 151, 16%
ZONE 1 (General Merchandise)
FAST FOODS
Figure 4.12 Current Market Vendors Ratio – TPM (as of May 2016)
Source: Tabunok Public Market Personnel’s Office
Shown above is the graph for current market vendors in which sample size
came from. Tabunok Public Market has ten (10) sections that are zoned inside.
The highest number of legitimate vendors are the transient or night vendors. While
the general merchandise area located in the building 2 (see Figure 4.3) has the
lowest percentage of legitimate vendors.
35
Illegal and Ambulant Vendors
Figure 4.13 Areas of Observation for Ambulant Vendors near TPM

Figure 4.13 shows observed areas for ambulant vendors during an

observation schedule set by the researchers. For the number of ambulant vendors,
observation schedule is set to monitor how many of ambulant vendors during
weekdays, weekends, peak days, and holidays.
Number of Ambulant Vendors
AMBULANT VENDORS AREA A

August 6, 2016 (Saturday) August 7, 2016 (Sunday) August 15, 2016 (Payday) October 31, 2016
November 1, 2016 November 2, 2016 December 23, 2016 December 24, 2016
63
65
60 54
51
NO. OF AMBULANT VENDORS
55
48
46
45
50
43
43
40
45
40
31
35
29
26
26
25
30
24
23
23
21
20
25
19
19
20
13
13 1312
12
12
11
11
15 8 10 8
8
6
7
10 5
6
6
44 4 4 4
5
5
4
3
3
5 0 0 0 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
OBSERVATION SCHEDULE
Figure 4.14 Area A – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors

36
Figure 4.14 shows that in area A, 4:00 AM to 6:00 AM has the highest
number of ambulant vendors observed on the street of R. Rabaya St. which is in
front of the public market. The researchers observed that on 6:00 AM and onwards,
ambulant vendors demobilize due to strict monitoring and control of the public
market administrators.
AMBULANT VENDORS AREA B

August 6, 2016 August 7, 2016 August 15, 2016 October 31, 2016
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
19
17
16
16
16
16
15
20
14
13
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
11
9 11 1111
10
15 9 10 8 10 1010
9
9
76
8
8
8
8
64
7
10
6
6
5
3 3
5 0 0 0 0 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
Figure 4.15 Area B – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors
Figure 4.15 shows that in area B, 6:00 PM to 7:00 AM has the highest
number of ambulant vendors observed on the street of R. Rabaya St. across the
public market. The researchers observed that on different days, the same vendors
are occupying on the same spot wherein they are out of control by the public
market administrators.
37
AMBULANT VENDORS AREA C
65
60
55
50
45
36
36
40
35 30
27
30 24
22
21
21
21
21
20
20
25
19
18
18
18
18
17
16
15
20
14
13
13
12
12
10
15 10
9
8
8
8
10 6 45
6
6
6
5
5
5 210
3
2
2
5 0 0 000 00 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
Figure 4.16 Area C – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors
Figure 4.16 shows that in area C, 7:00 PM to 8:00 PM has the highest
number of ambulant vendors observed on the street of N. Bacalso Ave and R.
Rabaya St. which is adjacent to the Tabunok overpass. The researchers observed
that ambulant vendors mobilize in this area in order to have better sales opportunity
due to high number of people passing-by.
AMBULANT VENDORS AREA D

65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30 23
21
21
25
19
19
18
18
18
18
18
17
17
16
16
16
15
20
13
13
1312 13
12
12
12 11
10
10
10
15 10 8 8
9
8
10 35
6
24
5
5
5
5
5
5
230
4
4
3
5 0 0 0
0
4:00 AM - 5:00 AM - 6:00 AM - 12:00 PM - 5:00 PM - 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM -
5:00 AM 6:00 AM 7:00 AM 1:00 PM 6:00 PM 7:00 PM 8:00 PM
Figure 4.17 Area D – Observation Schedule for Ambulant Vendors – TPM
38
Figure 4.17 shows that in area D, 7:00 PM to 8:00 PM has the highest
number of ambulant vendors observed on the street of N. Bacalso Ave and R.
Rabaya St. which is adjacent to the Tabunok overpass. The researchers observed
that area D was occupied earlier in the afternoon by ambulant vendors in
comparison to area C.
Amount of goods delivered in the market daily
The public market has been zoned to accommodate different goods or

merchandise sold. With different sales quality and efficiency, market vendors
formulate a marketing strategy with products, especially in restocking, packing and
storing. It is deemed significant by the Tabunok Public Market vendors and
business owners for store neatness, proper circulation of traffic and space saving.
The bulk of goods delivered in the market are not properly monitored due to
unestablished main point of entry. This data is reflected in the questionnaire-
interviews where each respondent was asked on the number of times in restocking
commodities monthly and were also asked of daily sales.
Type of commuters using the terminal
Terminals are points of interchange within the same modal system and
ensures continuity of the flow of traffic. This is particularly the case for modern air
and port operations with hubs connecting parts of the network. Terminals,
however, are also very important points of transfer between modes.
Commuting has allowed cities to grow in leaps and bounds previously not
practical, and has reached the suburbs. It has had a large impact on modern life.
Large cities are surrounded by metropolitan areas, and bedroom communities.
People live a lifestyle where daily travel is a regular task to get to work, school and
to do other responsibilities. Commuters using the transport terminal were
identified, to which:
39
Entrepreneurs. This type of commuters are business owners may it be of
store or stalls who also uses the adjacent terminal.
Patrons. This type of commuters is also of diverse classification in which

they are identified as consumers or market goers who uses the terminal adjacent
to the market before and after they bought goods inside the adjacent market.
Students. Students are one type of commuter using the terminal, may it be
elementary, high school or college students.
Vendors. This type of commuters often uses the terminal especially when
the stall or stores are on the adjacent public market. Most of these vendors do not
have their own vehicle for the commodities.
Workers and Laborers. These type of commuters is of diverse classification

may it be of low, middle and highly paid laborers and workers.
Identifying these types of commuters allows the researchers to gain insight

on the behavior of these commuters.
Public Transport Parking Ratio
For public transport, taxi cabs and habal-habal motorcycles have their own
designated area for passenger loading and unloading nearby the terminal while
jeepneys are limited in number and takes a carousel system for taking over the
next trip or batch of passengers. The tricycles use the same system and is on a
first come, first trip basis.
40
Figure 4.18 Public Transport Vehicle Parking Ratio
1930 HR 156 8 76 4
1630 HR 141 5 64 3
1130 HR 91 2 21 3
0930 HR 104 3 23 3
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
0930 HR 1130 HR 1630 HR 1930 HR
Tricycle 104 91 141 156
Jeepney 3 2 5 8
Habal-habal 23 21 64 76
Taxi 3 3 3 4
Figure 4.18 indicates the number of public transport vehicles during the
established peak hours in the transport terminal. The tricycle is the most used
mode of transport, while the jeepneys has the lowest number in terms of usage on
the transport terminal.
Results of Interviews
Formal interviews were conducted with persons in authority involving the

Tabunok Public Market to gain more insight for the development of the market.
In an interview dated June 29, 2016 with the incoming Talisay City Mayor,
the researchers asked about all the existing problems and conditions about Talisay
City that need to be addressed from a personal point of view as basis and an idea
on what topics or studies may be conducted.
In an interview, with the use of an interview guide, with the Talisay City
Engineer on August 24, 2016 the specifics on the Tabunok Public Market facilities,
utilities, existing problems, and the LGU’s plans for the project phase programming
was outlined.
As per casual interviews and questionnaire tally results, power installation

and water connection for stalls and stores are not provided and is separate from
rental fees.
41
There are not only assigned garbage trucks for the market alone but there
are also garbage trucks that pass by the market which also collect market waste.
Questionnaires
The succeeding figures show the responses to a questionnaire-interview

which are deemed to have a significance on the development of the study. Though
questionnaires are inexpensive, quick, and easy to analyze, often the
questionnaire can have more problems than benefits. Also, because the questions
are so specific to what the researchers are asking, the information gained can be
minimal. Hence, to obtain the optimal results of the questionnaire, the researchers
saw the better use of questionnaire-interview method.
Market Vendors, Stall and Store Owners questionnaire-interview responses
Instead of written answers, verbal answers were given by the vendors to the
researchers due to busy entertaining and active engagement with customers.
Figure 4.19 Modes of Payment

Daily 400
Weekly 1
Monthly 13
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Figure 4.19 shows that rent is paid daily through a ticketing system.
Figure 4.20 Rental Fees

P 3000.00 - up 9
P 2500.00 - 3000.00 0
P 2000.00 - 2500.00 0
P 1500.00 - 2000.00 0
P 1000.00 - 1500.00 0
P 500.00 - 1000.00 7
P 0.00 - 500.00 398
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
42
Figure 4.20 shows rates of rental fees for market vendors, stall and store
owners where rent of stalls/stores are below the Php500.00 range
Figure 4.21 Power
No 0
Yes 414
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Figure 4.22 Water
No 0
Yes 414
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Figures 4.21 and 4.22 indicate that power and water supply is excluded from
rental fees. The current public market does not have its own electrical and
plumbing utilities that would cater the needs of the vendors, thus, making the
vendors seek for private entrepreneurs that render the services needed.
Figure 4.23 Space Appropriation on Rent
No 14
Yes 400
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Figure 4.23 shows the equitable ratio of space-rent thus rendering the
vendors satisfied.
43
Figure 4.24 Space Appropriation on Goods Sold
No 73
Yes 341
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Figure 4.24 shows the satisfaction of respondents on the appropriation of

the current store space occupied to the goods sold. Some stalls as per
researchers’ observation, are less laden with goods.
Figure 4.25 Commodity Restocking
9 above 249
6-9 times 107
3-6 times 40
0-3 times 18
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Figure 4.25 shows that more than half of respondents restock commodities
more than nine (9) times a month due to high sales for most of the sections.
Figure 4.26 Sales Percentage
100% 48
75% 129
50% 78
25% 155
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Figure 4.26 shows that in relation to Figure 4.25, most of the vendors
achieve a 25% sales in the meat, general merchandise and dry goods sections
output, while dried and fresh fish, and fruits and vegetables sections achieve a
44
100% and 75% sales. Therefore, showing the most visited section is fresh fish
section.
Figure 4.27 Vehicles for Cargo / Goods
No 350
Yes 64
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Figure 4.27 shows the number of respondents who uses a vehicle to carry
and deliver goods. This data determines the appropriation of parking slots for
tenants and patrons.
Public Transport Vehicle Drivers questionnaire-interview responses
In the vicinity of Tabunok transport terminal which is beside the Tabunok

public market, a questionnaire-interview was conducted by the researchers. Four
major modes of transport were identified in the area which are the tricycles,
jeepneys, cart bikes (habal-habal), and taxis wherein the researchers considered
them as the core respondents.
Figure 4.28 Modes of Transportation
Tricycle 55
Jeepney 12
Habal-habal 38
Taxi 155
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Figure 4.28 shows that the most common mode of transport is the tricycle,
in which they occupy most of the space in the transport terminal. Whereas, other
45
modes of transport have their own designated areas adjacent to the terminal to
pick up and drop passengers. (See Figure 4.10)
Figure 4.29 Terminal Usage
No 135
Yes 198
0 50 100 150 200 250
Figure 4.29 shows that numerous drivers are using the terminal but still,
there are modes of transport that are unable to use the terminal as a result of space
shortage. The feedback and numerical data will be of use by the researchers in
order to address the concern with regards to terminal usage for all modes of
transport.
Figure 4.30 Toll Fee for Terminal Entry
No 249
Yes 84
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Drivers
Figure 4.30 shows that most of the drivers do not pay a toll fee for terminal
entry, for the main reason that the public transport vehicle drivers, themselves, do
not use the transport terminal. Researchers observed that there is no close
monitoring on the entry and exit for the transport vehicles, resulting to the non-
payment of toll fee by the drivers. Therefore, the toll fee system was abolished.
46
SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis aims to identify the significant factors seen as important to

attaining the goal. SWOT analysis helped gain more insights of the problem to help
in the decision making for further development of the study.
Strengths` Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
Transition stage of the Opposition of TPM

Mayor's support Data availability
administration staffs
Local official's
Delay of other LGU in More time in analyzing
cooperation in providing Delay of other works
providing data data and information
data needed
Outdated CLUP
CLUP provided by the Talisay City identity Restriction for public
activities, data and
CPDO extraction usage
projects
Firsthand feedback with Existing conditions; no
Patron's cooperation Busy in customer
regards to the public proper ventilation and
with the researchers service
market sanitation
Table 6 SWOT Analysis
External and attractive elements are opportunities used to its full advantage.
Opportunities that are part of what the researchers excerpt from all data and
information. May it be with different administrations, the proper communication and
connection with the internal organization addressed the market’s weaknesses and
threats. The researchers considered conducting the study early so as not to put
pressure on different LGU’s when requesting for a certain data needed. With the
full support of the city mayor and LGUs, this was the researchers’ core strength
which extends the competitive advantage in conducting the study.
47
Analysis
The existing Tabunok Public Market serves as the main market of Talisay
City; thus the volume of vendors tends to increase. With the terminal adjacent to
it, public transport vehicles also tend to rise creating congestion on the established
terminal.
The Tabunok Public Market identified as the main market of Talisay City,
lacks proper planning, unsanitary, dingy and is structurally weak. Few vendors do
not follow their assigned market section; such wet goods are mixed up with the dry
goods.
Due to easy access of both consumers and vendors, the Tabunok Market
has various entry points in which it creates difficulties on monitoring by the market
administrator on the deliveries of goods and merchandise.
The vendors, stall and store owners, addresses their problems to the
researchers for the absence of power and water which is excluded from their rental
fee.
Most of the public transportation vehicle occupying the terminal are the
tricycles, which causes displacement of other modes of transportation such as Taxi
cabs, Jeepneys and Habal-habal next to the terminal which often cause traffic
congestion in the area.
Public parking for consumers and market vendors, business owners are
limited in the allotted parking area, these parking areas intended for private
parking, are being used by some public transportation vehicles.
48
CHAPTER 5
Summary, Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations
This chapter gives an overview by extracting its main points with emphasis
on findings discovered. Furthermore, the conclusions derived from the gathered
data is briefly discussed, as well as the recommendations.
Summary
The study is for a new Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-City Terminal in
Tabunok, Talisay City Cebu. The general purpose aimed to address the existing
problems and concerns of the current public market and terminal that includes lack
of significant utilities like the absence of water and power supply, pedestrian
congestion, and increase in the number of ambulant vendors. Moreover, the
growing number of public transport and vehicular congestion within the vicinity of
the site was also incorporated.
The descriptive method of research was used in the study since it refers to
solving existing problems and concerns. The subject was the Tabunok Public
Market.
Stratified random sampling divided the population into groups then

probability sampling was conducted on each group. The respondents identified
included the entrepreneurs or the business owners, vendors, patrons, and public
transportation vehicle drivers. The tools used in gathering data were field records,
interviews, surveys, questionnaires and observations. Also, mechanical devices
were used as backup and validated the data. Moreover, archival investigation
revealed the real condition of the physical attributes of the place.
The study was undertaken in the Academic Year 2016-2017.

Findings
The following are the findings based on data gathered throughout the study.
 The existing Tabunok Public Market (TPM) has no main point of entry
or a defined path causing confusion among consumers and vendors;
 The existing Tabunok Public Market (TPM) has no support facilities
including the “bagsakan area”, poultry dressing area,
slaughterhouses, warehouses and trading posts;
 There is no established day for Tabo;
 Water and power supply for most vendors inside TPM is privately
owned and is an opportunity for business by private individuals;
 Many of the market vendors operate a market stall without securing
the permits required by the city;
 There is no proper drainage facility for wastewater, making it
hazardous for patrons plying TPM;
 As per evaluation, TPM does not comply with the sanitation required
by the National Market Code of the Philippines;
 That the existing public transport terminal does not have utilities and
facilities to be a functional public transport infrastructure; and
 That the existing public transport terminal is for tricycles only.
Therefore, other public modes of transport have no appropriate spot
of pick-up and drop-off for commuters.
Conclusion
It is concluded that the output of the study in the development of a new,

modern and properly planned Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-City Terminal
is the best solution to remedy the current situation and the growing concerns of the
existing TPM.
50
Recommendations
Based on the findings indicated, the following are the researchers’

recommendations for the solution and actions for a new Tabunok Public Market
with an Intra-City Terminal, to wit:
 The current leader of the administration and the respective Council must
craft guidelines for the leasing of units (such as complete business
documents, clearances);
 A Memorandum of Agreement between the Administration and amongst the
utilities companies must be undertaken for the water and power supply;
 Proper schedules for garbage collection must be followed and respective
rules such as “No Segregation, No Collection” and “No Littering” signs
should be implemented, wherefore, non-conformance shall entail the
payments of fines; and
 Talisay City Council must address the drainage problem of the TPM. As a
result of which, a sewage treatment facility must be considered;
Hereunder are the architectural recommendations by the researchers

based on current conditions of the Tabunok Public Market:
 Entrances for product deliveries and consumers should be separated and

must be well defined for consumers and vendors to avoid pedestrian
congestion and confusion;
 In conformance with Senate Bill no.1319 of the Fifteenth Congress of the
Philippines, TPM must have apposite service area and facilities:
o storage areas;
o weighing scales;
o bagsakan area;
o poultry dressing area;
o trading posts; and
o drinking facilities
51
 Public transport facilities have to be provided for the totality of pedestrian
experience in the matter of safety, comfort and convenience.
A. Vehicular Layout
o Access and circulation;
o Interchange operations; and
o Infrastructure
B. Pedestrian space, circulation and facilities
o Pedestrian circulation areas and spaces;
o Passenger loading and unloading;
o Shelters;
o Building structures and accommodation;
o Hardscapes and landscaping;
o Street furniture; and
o Lighting
C. Trading space
D. Signage
o Information / Communications
E. Management
o CCTV equipment;
o Disaster control;
o Maintenance;
o Cleaning; and
o Refuse and storage collection
Provision for the appropriate usage and parking ratio for the identified public
modes of transport.
52
CHAPTER 6
Architectural Programming, Financial and Management Aspect, and
Architectural Solution
This chapter talks about architectural programming that deals with the
thorough and systematic evaluation of the interrelated values, goals, facts and
needs of the Public Market Administration, facility users and the surrounding
community. This chapter tackles on the economic aspect of the study, which
includes the financial management, commercial and business facet. Moreover,
architectural schemes are also involved to guide the researchers in arriving at the
right and standards-based architectural solution.
Architectural Programming
For realization of the full potential of the proposed project, standardized

market systems and professionalized construction service must be delivered for a
guaranteed stable project ecology.
ECONOMICAL
STOCK HOLDERS
DEVELOPMENT
IMPLEMENTING
END-USERS
PROFESSIONALS
PROPOSED
PROJECT
Figure 6.1 Project Ecology
53
Schematics
Hereunder are the space requirements for the development of a Public

Market and an Intra-City Terminal as mentioned in the “IRR to Govern the
Processing of Application or Locational Clearance of Market” and Chapter IV of
Sanitation Code of the Philippines entitled “Markets and Abattoirs”.
Spaces Minimum area required

Stalls 3.10 sq.m
Aisle 1.20 sq.m
Open space per customer 0.74 sq.m
1 Floor drain every 46.5 sq.m
Floor space per customer 1.00 sq.m
Table 7 Public Market Standards A
Spaces Height
Walls/Partitions 1.22 m
Fences 2.00 m
Tables( fish, shellfish, meat and entrails) 0.75 m elevated
Tables( fruits and vegetables) 0.46 m elevated
Table 8 Public Market Standards B
TOILET FOR PERSONNEL AND STALLHOLDERS

Number of Water Closet Wash-Hand Basin
Urinal
Persons Female Male Female Male
1 – 29 1 1 1 1 1
30 - 49 2 1 2 2 2
50 - 99 2 2 2 3 3
Table 9 Toilet Requirements for Personnel and Stallholders
TOILET FOR CUSTOMERS

Number of Water Closet Wash-Hand Basin
Urinal
Persons Female Male Female Male
1 – 29 1 1 - 1 1
50 - 100 2 1 2 1 1
Table 10 Toilet Requirements for Customers

Plumbing Unit Sq.m/Unit
Water Closet 1.5
Urinal 1.11
Lavatory 1.11
Table 11 Plumbing Unit Requirements
54
Bubble Diagrams
Figure 6.2 Bubble Diagram for Market
Figure 6.3 Bubble Diagram for Market Sections
55
Figure 6.4 Bubble Diagram for Terminal
Figure 6.5 Flow Diagram
56
Public Market
Figure 6.6 Space Matrix for Public Market
57
Terminal
Figure 6.7 Space Matrix for Terminal
58
Planning and Design Considerations
Parameter Required Applied

Within a designated commercial
zone/area
The market site shall be located at

least 50 meters (164 ft.) from
schools, religious institutions, C3- High Density Commercial
Location public offices, funeral
establishments and other public Figure 6.5 (Nearby
gathering/places such as buildings/structures)
auditorium, public plazas and 25
meters (82 ft.) from abattoirs and
other possible sources of
contamination.
Level to rolling terrain as long as it

Topography Level terrain and not subject to
poses no problem. The site should
flooding. (Figure 4.8, p29)
not be subject to flooding.
The size shall be large enough to

Project Size 13,548 m2 / 1.35 hectares. Regular
accommodate all activities in the
lot shape.
center. Lot shape shall be regular.
1 car slot / 500 m 2 GFA ,1

Parking space should be provided Passenger loading space (that can
Parking in accordance with the National accommodate 2 queued jeepney
Building Code for terminal, and 1 car slot per 30
m2 customer area for the market.
The market complex and terminal
Landscaping needs sufficient landscaping and
buffering. A minimum of five meters -
and Buffering for this purpose may be provided
along perimeter of the site.
Market and all properties shall be
used for market purposes only.
Use -
Tabunok Public Market as Main
Public Market of Talisay City
Location of Ambulant vendors are considered

Stalls shall only be allowed inside in the planning and proper
Stalls the market premises distribution of market stalls and
areas.
Any type of drainage system
leading to a creek, river or any body
Drainage Proposition for a water treatment
of water is prohibited
facility
Table 6.3 Planning and Design Considerations
59
Figure 6.8 Locational distances of building/structures
60
Financial and Management Aspect
Project Cost Estimate
A lump sum of Php 20,000.00 per square meter will be used to determine
the project cost. Basing on the given construction value and the lot area for the
public market, the whole project would cost Php 271.060 Million.
Phasing Program
The project is envisioned in a three phase two-year program. It is set to be

finished within two years to reduce conflict when a change of administration
occurs.
Phasing Program
Phase Activity Duration Estimated Cost
Demolition of the Building A, B and

Terminal (refer to Figure 4.3). Full
120
1 construction of market commercial Php 50 Million
days
zone(rentable areas); Initial start of
construction for transport terminal.
Full construction of transport terminal.
Gradual demolition of wet and dry market
200
2 for construction to start achieving 50% work Php 90 Million
days
accomplishment. Mobilize sewage
treatment facility.
Full site development, finishing installation
of market sanitary facilities (Sewage
280 Php 131.060
3 treatment plant & Garbage disposal area)
days Million
and final phase of construction for the wet
and dry market.
600 Php 271.060
Total
days Million
Table 6.5 Phasing Program
61
Phasing Program
Phase 1 12
8.5
Phase 2
10
Phase 3
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36
Figure 6.9 Phasing Program Duration per month
Figure 6.9 shows the phasing duration of the development shown in months.
Grace Period
The grace period for the project is determined on the sources of income of
the new public market with the terminal in order to fully pay the investment. Hence,
the formula for computing the grace period of the project would be:
Grace Period = Principal Investment / Annual Gross Income
In determining the Annual Gross Income of the project, Table 6.4 shows
the rental fee rate for different sources of income for the project.
Sources of Income
No. of Rental Fee per Total rent cost Total rent cost per
Slots day (Php) per day (Php) month (Php)
Meat Section 90 Php 50.00 Php 4,500.00 Php 135,000.00
Fresh Fish 180 30.00 5,400.00 162,000.00
Dried Fish 120 30.00 3,600.00 108,000.00
Fruits and 260 50.00 13,000.00 390,000.00

Vegetables
62
Rice and Corn 25 100.00 2,500.00 75,000.00
Dry Goods / General 135 100.00 13,500.00 405,000.00

Merchandise
Food Court 25 70.00 1,750.00 52,500.00
Rentable 45
Commercial --- 4,000.00 120,000.00
Spaces
Terminal Toll 160 Php 5.00 4,000.00 120,000.00

Fee per 2
(10 hour Shift)
hours
Monthly Income Php 1,567,500.00

per month
Annual Gross Income Php 18,810,000.00

per year
Table 6.5 Rental Fee Rates
Given the value for the Annual Gross Income and the Principal Investment,
the Grace Period of the project would take a period of 15 years.
Return of Investment
It is the gross profit or gain from an investment expressed in percentage.

Computing it can be done with the formula:
Return of Investment = Gross Income / Principal Investment
Using the projected annual income of the project, which is

Php18,810,000.00; the efficiency of the investment in yearly basis is 6.9%.
63
Management
The project follows the suggestion of the government of the Talisay City
(Appendix J) in which a Public-Private Partnership shall be undertaken. This
scheme is a contractual agreement between the Government and a private firm
directed towards designing, implementing, funding and functional infrastructure
facilities and services that were often provided by the public sector. Under this, is
a Build-Operate-Transfer system in which the operator of the Public Market will
gain its returns through a fee charged to the utility / government rather than tariffs
charged to the patrons.
Figure 6.10 Spectrum of Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure and Development Projects
Source: Official Gazette of the Philippines; Delmon, Jeffrey (2010); World Bank
The role of the private sector in the BOT Modality includes financing and
construction; operation and maintenance of the public market for a fixed term;
collection of fees and charges to recover investments plus profits; transferring the
public market at the end of cooperation period which has the maximum of fifty (50)
years. The role of the government controls activities of the BOT contractor and
acquires the proprietorship of the public market at the end of the cooperation
period.
64
The BOT system assumes possible risks: Politically, the possibility of
immediate dramatic political modification. Financially, the risk of price altering on
raw resources, interest rate fluctuations, cost overruns.
Figure 6.11 Contractual Structure of a Typical BOT Project

Source: World Bank
65
Architectural Solution
Underlying are the architectural solutions produced for the new Tabunok
Public Market with an Intra-city Terminal.
Site Analysis
66
Concept
The site Tabunok, derived from the word “tabunos” which is large weaved
basket from tree splints, stems, and grasses for livelihood purposes accurately
describes the location and its locality. The concept serves as the basis in planning,
designing, and manipulating the user-behavior in the structure. Considering the
character of the tabunos relative to the proposed project, accommodating various
types of customers, vendors, and spaces plays a significant role for the zoning and
proper organization of planning and design
67
Site Development Plan
68
Floor Plans
69
70
71
72
73
Electrical Layouts
74
75
Lighting Layouts
76
77
Plumbing Layouts
78
79
Roof Turbine Exhaust Layout
80
81
82
Elevations – Front and Rear
83
Elevations – Left and Right
84
Sections – Longitudinal and Cross
85
86
Architectural Perspectives
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Fruits and Vegetables Stall Dry Goods Stall Type A
Dry Goods Stall Type B Dry Goods Stall Type C
Fresh Fish and Meat Stall
95
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books
Tangires, Helen (2003) Public Markets. USA: W. W. Norton & Company.
Villar, Manuel Jr. (2010) Public Market Code of the Philippines.
Seyed Hassan Khalifeh Soltani et.al (2012) Accessibility for Disabled in Public
Transportation Terminal. Malaysia: Elsevier.
Lynch, Kevin (1960) Images of the City. The MIT Press.
Bentley, Ian (1985) Responsive Environments. Routledge.
Dictionary
Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary
Internet Sources
Market Ventures Inc (2013) Fresno Public Market Feasibility Assessment
Retrieved from:
http://www.fresno.gov/NR/rdonlyres/046501F5-2A7C-4530-AE39-
FA52BCF9F32F/26569/Fresnopresentation201301v3small.pdf
HLURB Article IV. IRR to Govern the Processing of Application for Locational
Clearance of Markets
Retrieved from:
http://hlurb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/laws-issuances/policies/Markets.pdf
Mark Ersan D. Ate and Nathaniel R. Melican (2014). Construction of Public

Market in Caloocan’s Biggest Barangay Divides Residents
96
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Retrieved from:
http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/612364/construction-of-public-market-in-
caloocans-biggest-barangay-divides-residents
BP344 Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) Amendments Minimum

Requirements for Accessibility
Retrieved from:
http://www.visitmyphilippines.com/images/ads/f82269f515f45b2ad5c3e3f4
303eb57a.pdf
Case Studies
Priyanka Vasudevan State. Bus Karo 2.0, Planning of Terminal Facilities
Retrieved from:
http://wricitieshub.org/online-publications/33-planning-terminal-facilities
97
APPENDIX A: Letter of Intent to Thesis Research Writing Coordinator
Cebu Institute of Technology – University

N.Bacalso Avenue, Cebu City
College of Engineering and Architecture
June 29, 2016
Archt. Richard M. Abella, DM

Thesis Coordinator, AR 541- R3
Faculty, Department of Architecture
Dear Ar. Abella:
Good day!
We the undersigned fifth year architecture students taking up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing,
would like to thank you in advance for being our Thesis Coordinator that may be of help in terms of coming up
the solutions to be addressed on our proposals.
For such, we have chosen the City of Talisay as our area for our studies. Our possible topic would
be in relation to:
 The Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-Terminal.
 An Intra-Transport Hub in line with Transportation Plannning
 Socialized Housing to meet up the requirements on lack of housing in the city
And we are still on the process of identifying other possible topics to come up. Any concerns regarding to this
matter will be noted.
Hoping for your positive feedback and considerations. Thank you.
Respectfully yours,
(Sgd.) GILBERT M. DELA SERNA II (Sgd.) VINCE DOMINIQUE M. OMAQUE

BSARCH – 5 BSARCH – 5
(Sgd.) CLARK DOMINIC G. PLAZA

BSARCH – 5
Noted by:
(Sgd.) Archt. Richard M. Abella, DM

Thesis Coordinator AR 541- R3, Department of Architecture
98
APPENDIX B: Letter of Invitation to Adviser

N. Bacalso Avenue, Cebu City
June 24, 2016
AR. EMELINE JOY LIM-GANZON, PhD-TM

N.Bacalso Ave. Cebu City
Dear Ar. Ganzon:
Good day!
We the undersigned fifth year architecture students taking up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing, would like
to take the opportunity in working with you as our adviser for our research studies. We have chosen the City
of Talisay as our area for our studies. We would like you as our advisor because we have known your expertise
on one of our possible topic which is in relation to Urban Planning, the Tabunok Public Market, a Transport
Hub in preparation for the Bus Rapid Transit; and we are still on the process of identifying other possible topics
to come up.
We would be glad if you will choose us as your advisory group. In return, we will commit ourselves to do our
best to look into what you want us to arrive at. We are hopeful to establish a harmonious relationship until the
end of the course and beyond.
Hoping for your positive feedback and considerations. Thank you.
Respectfully yours,


BSARCH – 5
Noted by:
(Sgd.) Ar. Emeline Joy Lim-Ganzon, PhD-TM

99
APPENDIX C: Transmittal Letters
C.1 Letter for Appointment to Hon. Eduardo R. Gullas

June 6, 2016
Mr. Eduardo R. Gullas

President, University of the Visayas
6000, Dionisio Jakosalem St,
Cebu City, Cebu
Dear Mr. Mayor:
Good Day! We the undersigned fifth year Architecture students of Cebu Institute of Technology – University,
is currently taking up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing. We are writing this letter to conduct a personal
interview on you regarding to your plans and projects for Talisay City especially those we can come up for our
research studies.
It would be a pleasure for us to have the interview and discuss the topic. Any issues or concerns regarding
this request would be highly acknowledged by contacting us on this mobile phone number 09323707410 or
email us on vincedm.omaque@gmail.com
We are looking forward to your positive response and cooperation. Thank you.
Sincerely,


BSARCH – 5
Noted by: Received by:
(Sgd.) Ar. Emeline Joy Lim-Ganzon (Sgd.) Mr. Eduardo R. Gullas

Thesis Adviser, President, University of the
Cebu Institute of Technology – University Visayas
100
C.2 Request for Authorization from Hon. Eduardo R. Gullas

July 27, 2016
Hon. Eduardo R. Gullas

Mayor,
City of Talisay, Cebu
Dear Mr. Mayor:
Good Day!
We, the Undersigned Architecture students of Cebu Institute of Technology – University, are currently taking
up AR 541 – Thesis Research Writing, who have written a letter of request dated June 29, 2016 for an interview
with you, are again requesting permission to gain access to the LGU’s departments and sections that have a
role to play in the undertaking of the study. In retrospect, the study is about the public market and an intra-city
transportation terminal.
Anent to this, we are writing this letter to request for an authorization to access relevant data and information
associated to the undertaking involving:
 The Public Market Administrator’s Office and entry to the market itself;
 The Traffic Management Office;
 Land Transportation Office or, if a sub-office of the LTFRB is in place;
 Department of Engineering & Public Works (involved in the planning, management of
utilities, drainage, etc. in the respective area);
 Department of Public Services (for garbage collection, street cleaning);
 The City Planning and Development Office; and the
 National Census and Statistics Office (local sub-office)
Hoping for attention, consideration and action on this matter.
Thank you in anticipation.


BSARCH – 5
Noted by: Received by:
(Sgd.) Ar. Emeline Joy Lim-Ganzon (Sgd.) Mr. Eduardo R. Gullas

Thesis Adviser, President, University of the
Cebu Institute of Technology – University Visayas
101
C.3 Letter for Appointment to Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw

August 19, 2016
Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw

City Engineer’s Office, Talisay City
F. Bas St., Mohon, Talisay City Cebu
Dear Sir:
Greetings!
We are Fifth Year Architecture students of Cebu Institute of Technology – University currently taking up AR
541 – Thesis Research Writing. We read an article from The Freeman: Banat News dated July 23, 2016 that
the LGU of Talisay City proposed a new design of the market. Anent to this, we would like to request for an
interview with you relative to this matter at your most convenient time.
It came to our knowledge that solutions have already been in the offing. Wherefore, we would also like to
request data and documents such as:
 Architectural drawings;
 Structural drawings;
 Plumbing and sewage plans; and
 POW or Timeframe of the Project
The said documents will be a leverage to the group’s treatment on the problem seen with the assurance that
these shall be held with utmost confidentiality. Rest assured, too, that these documents will only be used to
satisfy a requirement for the degree in B.S. Architecture and not for purposes of implementation by any
personality, entity, or agency.
Your approval to this request is highly appreciated. Hereto attached is a photocopy of a communication
received by the Office of the Mayor and an interview guide for perusal. For any concern relative to this request,
you can contact us through this number 0932-370-7410 or email address vincedm.omaque@gmail.com.
Thank you.
Sincerely,
(Sgd.) Dela Serna, Gilbert II M. (Sgd.) Omaque, Vince Dominique M. (Sgd.) Plaza, Clark Dominic G.
BSARCH – 5 BSARCH – 5 BSARCH – 5
Noted:
(Sgd.) Ar. Richard M. Abella (Sgd.) Ar. Emeline Joy L. Ganzon

AR 541, Thesis Coordinator, Thesis Advisor
Received / Approved:
(Sgd.) Engr. Ariel A. Araw - araw

City Engineer’s Office
Enclosure: Interview Guide
102
C.3.1 Interview Guide to Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw
The purpose of the interview is for the researchers to have relevant information and opinion
on barangay Tabunok’s public market. This regard to the utilities, sanitation, circulation and design
of the current public market and the proposed one. The response or feedback will be addressed
for the researcher’s design of the proposed Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-city Terminal.
Below is the list of questions to be conversed:

 Why did the Lagtang Public Market fail?
 What happened to the design competition of the Tabunok Public Market announced few
months ago?
 How did you deal with the current market problems?
o What are your solutions in terms of:
 Sanitary, drainage and waste disposal
 Parking
 Illegal Vendors
 Public Utility Vehicles and Drivers
 Does the government still need to acquire the land/s for the proposal?
 Does the proposal include traffic solutions for the area?
 How is the phasing program created?
o What will happen to the affected market vendors during the construction stages?
o Will there be a temporary location for them?
 What are your other recommendations for the proposal?
103
C.4 Cover Letter for Questionnaires

Mga pinalangga namong manunubag,

Dear respondents,
Kami mga estudyante sa Cebu Institute of Technology – University nga

nagkuha sa programang Arkitektyur nga nagahimo sa among “thesis”
kabahin sa merkado og alang sa pagkompleto namo sa among
kinahanglanon sa Architectural Thesis Writing.
We are students of Cebu Institute of Technology – University currently enrolled

in the BS-Architecture program and are undertaking thesis writing relative to the
development of a market. This is in partial completion of a requirement in the course
Architectural Thesis Writing.
Ang inyong kooperasyon sa pagtubag sa among mga pangutana kay

makatabang gayud sa among “research”. Ang mga impormasyon nga
makuha gikan kaninyo kay magpabiling konpidensyal og para ra sa among
pagtulun-an ug kami walay motibong politikal.
Your cooperation in answering our questionnaire will greatly help our research.
Rest assured, the answers will be treated with utmost confidentiality and will only
be used for the development of our studies and no political motives are involved.
Enclosure: Questionnaire
104
C.4.1 Questionnaire for Stall, Store Owners and Market Vendors
-Para sa inyong mga tubag, mahimong markahan ug ekis (X) ang Is the space you are occupying appropriate for how
lingin nga tupad sa tubag, Kung naa kamo’y gikalibgan bahin sa mga much you pay?
pangutana mahimo mong makapangutana kanamo. ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
11. Kaigo raba ang imong pwesto sa imong mga
Ehemplo sa unsaon pagtubag: igbabaligya?
Is the space you are occupying appropriate for the
a. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay? storage and placement of the products you are selling?
Are you a resident of Talisay City? ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili 12. Unsa man nga produkto ang inyong gipamaligya?
(mahimog daghan ang markahan)
What are the goods and products are you selling?
Pangalan : ___________________________ Edad : _______
Address : ___________________________ Gender : _______  Produktong Agrikultural / Agricultural Products:
Kita : _____________________________________ ⃝ Bugas / Rice ⃝Utanon/
Vegetables
⃝ Prutas / Fruits
1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay?  Produkto gikan sa Dagat / Marine Products:
Are you a resident of Talisay City? ⃝ Isda /Fish ⃝ Kinhason o
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili kapareha / Shell
2. Pila kana ka tuig nga nag negosyo diri sulod sa fish
merkado? ⃝Uban pa:
How long have you been in the business inside the ____________________________
market?  Produktong Karne ug Binuhi / Livestock and Poultry
⃝ 0-3 ka tuig ⃝ 3-6 ka tuig ⃝ Karne sa Baboy / Pork
⃝ 6-9 ka tuig ⃝ 9 ka tuig kapin ⃝ Karne sa Manok / Chicken Meat
3. Ikaw ba ang lehitimo nga mugamit sa pwesto? ⃝ Karne sa Baka / Beef
Are you the legitimate user of the stall? ⃝Karne sa:
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili ___________________________
⃝ Itlog
Kung “Oo”, diretso sa ika-unom nga pangutana, kung ⃝ Gatas
“dili” padayon sa sunod nga pangutana ⃝Uban pa:
If “Yes”, proceed to question no.6, if “no” proceed to the ___________________________
next number  Panindang “General Merchandise”
⃝ Gamit sa Balay
4. Kinsa ang nagpanag-iya sa pwesto nga inyong gi-
⃝ Gamit Pang-luto
okupahan karon?
⃝ School Supplies
Who owns the stall you are occupying?
⃝ Duwa-an
⃝ Sanina
⃝Uban pa:
5. Gabayad ba mo ug abangan sa lehitimo nga tag-iya ___________________________
sa pwesto? 13. Sa usa ka buwan, kapila mo mag dugang ug pundo
Are you paying rent to the legitimate owner of the stall? para sa inyong ipamaligya?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili How many times in a month do you restock your
6. Unsa ang pamaagi sa pagbayad ninyo sa abangan? commodities?
What are the modes of payment for your rental? ⃝ 0-3 ⃝ 3-6
___ Inadlaw ___ Sinemana ___ Binuwan ⃝ 6-9 ⃝ 9 pataas
7. Pila man ang inyong abangan? 14. Pila ka porsyento ang mahalin sa inyong mga
How much are you paying for the rent? paninda sa kada adlaw?
In terms of percentages, how much of goods are mostly
⃝P 0.00 – P 500.00 sold every day?
⃝ P 500.00 – P 1000.00 ⃝ 25% ⃝ 50% - Katunga
⃝ P 1000.00 – P 1500.00 ⃝ 75% ⃝ 100% - Tanan
⃝ P 1500.00 – P 2000.00 15. Aduna ba kamo’y sakyanan para sa karga susama
⃝ P 2000.00 – P 2500.00 sa inyong paninda?
⃝ P 2500.00 – P 3000.00 Do you have any vehicle to carry your goods?
⃝ P 3000.00 pataas ⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala
8. Lakip na ba ang kuryente sa inyong abangan? 16. Naa bay organisasyon ang mga tindera?
Does the rent include fees for the power? Do you have any vendors’ organization?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala ⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala
9. Lakip na ba ang tubig sa inyong abangan? 17. Kung man gani, miyembro ba kamo sa maong
Does the rent include fees for the water? organisasyon?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Wala If so, are you a member of that organization?
10. Sakto ra ba ang pwesto nga inyong gigamit para sa ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
inyong gibayad?
Daghang Salamat sa inyong oras og pagtubag.
105
C.4.2 Questionnaire for Public Transport Vehicle Drivers
-Para sa inyong mga tubag, mahimong markahan ug ekis (X) ang -Para sa inyong mga tubag, mahimong markahan ug ekis (X) ang
lingin nga tupad sa tubag, Kung naa kamo’y gikalibgan bahin sa lingin nga tupad sa tubag, Kung naa kamo’y gikalibgan bahin sa
mga pangutana mahimo mong makapangutana kanamo. mga pangutana mahimo mong makapangutana kanamo.
Ehemplo sa unsaon pagtubag: Ehemplo sa unsaon pagtubag:
1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay? 1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa Talisay?
Are you a resident of Talisay City? Are you a resident of Talisay City?
⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili ⃝ Oo ⃝ Dili
Pangalan : ___________________________________ Edad : ______ Pangalan : ___________________________________ Edad : ______

Address : ______________________________________ Address : ______________________________________
Kita : ______________________________________ Kita : ______________________________________
1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa 1. Lumad ka ba nga mamulupyo sa siyudad sa
Talisay? Talisay?
Are you a resident of Talisay City? Are you a resident of Talisay City?
2. Pila ka na ka tuig namasahero? 2. Pila ka na ka tuig namasahero?

How long have you been driving passenger vehicles? How long have you been driving passenger vehicles?
⃝ 0-1 ka tuig ⃝ 1-2 ka tuig ⃝ 0-1 ka tuig ⃝ 1-2 ka tuig
⃝ 8-9 ka tuig ⃝ 9 ka tuig kapin ⃝ 8-9 ka tuig ⃝ 9 ka tuig kapin
3. Unsa nga klase nga pasahero-an ang imong 3. Unsa nga klase nga pasahero-an ang imong
gigamit? gigamit?
What mode of transport are you using? What mode of transport are you using?
⃝ Jeep pasahero-an ⃝ Habal-habal ⃝ Jeep pasahero-an ⃝ Habal-habal
⃝ Tricycle ⃝ Taxi ⃝ Tricycle ⃝ Taxi
4. Mag-gamitan ka ba sa terminal nga naa tupad sa 4. Mag-gamitan ka ba sa terminal nga naa tupad sa
merkado? merkado?
Do you use the terminal adjacent to the market? Do you use the terminal adjacent to the market?
5. Gabayad ba mo ug “toll fee” para makasulod sa 5. Gabayad ba mo ug “toll fee” para makasulod sa
terminal? terminal?
Are you paying a toll fee to enter the terminal? Are you paying a toll fee to enter the terminal?
6. Naa bay organisasyon ang mga drayber sa terminal? 6. Naa bay organisasyon ang mga drayber sa terminal?
Does the terminal have any driver’s organization? Does the terminal have any driver’s organization?
7. Kung man gani, miyembro ba kamo sa maong 7. Kung man gani, miyembro ba kamo sa maong
organisasyon? organisasyon?
If so, are you a member of that organization? If so, are you a member of that organization?
Daghang Salamat sa inyong oras og pagtubag. Daghang Salamat sa inyong oras og pagtubag.
106
APPENDIX D: Computation of Sample Size
The target population from which the samples were taken is within the
Tabunok Public Market and its adjacent terminal. The total population of legitimate
market vendors as of May 2016 is 757 (Tabunok Public Market Administrators)
while the total population of registered public modes of transport for tricycles is
1849 (Business permits and Licensing office).
To identify the sample size, Sloven’s Formula was utilized:

LEGITIMATE MARKET VENDORS SAMPLE SIZE
𝑁
𝑛=
1 + 𝑁𝑒 2
Where:
𝑛 = Sample size
𝑁 = Total population
𝑒 = Margin of error
A total of 262 legitimate market
757 vendors were identified as
𝑛=
1 + 757(5%)2
respondents. On the other hand, as
757
𝑛= per request by Market Head
1 + 757(5%)2
Administrator Winefredo Bas, the
757
𝑛= number of respondents were
1 + 1.8925
757 increased from 265 to 414. Rendering
𝑛=
2.8925 more than a half of the legitimate
757
𝑛= vendors were identified as samples.
2.8925
𝑛 = 262 ~ 265
107
APPENDIX D: Computation of Sample Size
Market Sections No. of Vendors Population % Sample Size

Fresh fish 151 19.95% 52
Dry Goods 111 14.66% 38
Fruits and Vegetables 179 23.65% 62
Dried Fish 105 13.87% 36
2-Storey (General Merchandise) 24 3.17% 8
Old Vegetable building 47 6.21% 16
Meat 86 11.36% 30
Rice and Corn 20 2.64% 7
Zone 1 (General Merchandise) 11 1.45% 4
Fast Foods 23 3.04% 8
TOTAL 757 100 % 262
PUBLIC UTILITY VEHICLE DRIVERS SAMPLE SIZE
𝑁
𝑛= A total of 330 tricycle drivers
1 + 𝑁𝑒 2
were identified as respondents.
1849
𝑛= However, of the 1849 registered
1 + 1849(5%)2
1849 tricycle franchise where many are
𝑛=
1 + 4.6225 inactive as stated by BPLO Head Ms.
1849 Mary Jane Enrile.
𝑛=
5.6225
Drivers of other modes of
1849
𝑛= transportation such as the jeepney,
2.8925
taxi were included inasmuch as the
𝑛 = 329 ~ 330
number is significant. No provision for
terminal services or spaces were
included.
108
Appendix E: PD 1096 – The National Building Code of the Philippines
RULE IV – TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 401. Types of Construction.
For purposes of this Code, all buildings proposed for construction shall be classified or
identified according to the following types:
1. Type I. Type I building shall be a wood construction. The structural elements may
be any of the materials permitted by this Code.
2. Type II. Type II buildings shall be of wood construction with protective fire-resistant
materials and one-hour fire-resistive throughout: Except, that permanent non-
bearing partitions may use fire-retardant treated wood within the framing assembly.
3. Type III. Type III buildings shall be of masonry and wood construction. Structural
elements may be any of the materials permitted by this Code: Provided, that the
building shall be one-hour fire-resistive throughout. Exterior walls shall ne of
incombustible fire-resistive construction.
4. Type IV. Type IV buildings shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction.
Walls, ceiling, and permanent partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive
construction: Except, that permanent non-bearing partitions of one-hour fire
resistive construction may be fire-retardant treated wood within the framing
assembly.
5. Type V. Type V buildings shall be fire-resistive. The structural elements shall be
steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction. Walls, ceilings, and permanent
partitions shall be of incombustible fire-resistive construction.
RULE V – REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE ZONES
SECTION 501. Fire Zones Defined

Fire zones are areas within which only certain types of buildings are permitted to be
constructed based on their use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to fire.
SECTION 502. Building located in more than One Fire Zone.

A building or structure which located partly on one fire zone and partly in another shall be
considered to be in the more highly restrictive fire zone, when more than one-third of its total
floor area is located in such zone.
109
SECTION 503. Moved Building
Any building or structure moved within or into any fire zone shall be made to comply with the
requirements for buildings in that fire zone.
SECTION 504. Temporary Buildings.

Temporary buildings such as reviewing stands and other miscellaneous structures
conforming to the requirements of this Code, and sheds, canopies and fences used for the
protection of the public around and in conjunction with construction work, may be erected in
the fire zones by special permit from the Building Official for a limited period of time, and
such buildings or structures shall be-completely removed upon the expiration of the time
limit stated in such permits.
SECTION 505. Center Lines of Streets.

For the purpose of this Chapter, the center line of an adjoining street or alley may be
considered an adjacent property line. Distances shall be measured at right angles to the
streets or alley.
SECTION 507. Designation of Fire Zones.

The Secretary shall promulgate specific restriction for each type of Fire Zone. Cities and
municipalities shall be divided into such Fire Zones in accordance with local, physical, and
special framework plans submitted by city or municipal planning and/or development bodies.
RULE VI – FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 601. Fire- Resistive Rating Defined

Fire-resistive rating means the degree to which a material can withstand fire as determined
by generally recognized and accepted testing methods.
SECTION 602. Fire- Resistive Time Period Rating

Fire-resistive time period rating is the length of time a material can withstand being burned
which may be one- hour, two- hours, four- hours, etc.
SECTION 603. Fire-Resistive Standards

All materials of construction, and type of materials and assemblies or combinations
thereof shall conform to the following fire-resistive ratings:
110
SECTION 604. Fire- Resistive Regulations
The Secretary shall prescribe standards and promulgate rules and regulations on
the testing of construction materials for flame-spread characteristics, tests on fire damages,
fire tests of building construction and materials, door assemblies and tin clad fire doors and
window assemblies, the installation of fire doors and windows and smoke and fire detectors
for fire protective signaling system, application and use of controlled interior finish, fire-
resistive protection for structural members, fire resistive walls and partitions, fire-resistive
floor or roof ceiling, fire-resistive assemblies for protection of openings and fire-retardant
roof coverings.
111
RULE VII – CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF ALL BUILDINGS BY USE
OR OCCUPANCY
SECTION 701. Occupancy Classified
1. There are 10 Groups of Occupancies sub-divided into 25 Divisions. The

accompanying matrix shows the Groupings and Divisions and the corresponding
uses. The final column indicates the Zoning Classification.
A. Buildings proposed for construction shall be identified according to their use

or the character of its occupancy and shall be classified as follows:
Group E - Business and Mercantile
Group E Occupancies shall include:
Division 2 - Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings, drinking and dining
establishments having an occupant load of less than one hundred persons, printing
plants, police and fire stations, factories and workshops using not highly flammable
or combustible materials and paint stores without bulk handlings.
Division E-2 (Business and Mercantile)
General USE
Classification of
Use/Character of
ZONING CLASSIFICATION
Occupancy of PRINCIPAL ACCESSORY CONDITIONAL
Building/
Structure
C-2 (Commercial Two or

Medium Commercial) – a
2. Hauling services municipal or city level of
3.Transportation and garage terminals commercial use or
terminal / garage with
for trucks, tow trucks, occupancy, characterized
repair shops
Division E-2 and buses not mainly as a medium-rise
(Business and 3. Wet and dry 22. exceeding three (3) building/structure for medium
Mercantile in markets Buildings/structures units and storage to high intensity commercial/
nature) for other commercial facilities in support of trade, service and business
activities not commercial activities, e.g., three
elsewhere-classified establishments to five (3 to 5) storey shopping
(n.e.c.) centers, medium to large office or
mixed
use/occupancybuildings/structures
and the like.
112
ZONING CLASSIFICATION
UTS (Utilities, Transportation
and Services) – a range of
utilitarian/functional uses or
occupancies, characterized mainly
as a low-rise or medium- rise
building/structure for low to high
intensity community support
functions, e.g.,
terminals/intermodals/ multi-
modals and depots
SECTION 705. Allowable Floor Areas
1. General. The Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) of any proposed
building/structure shall only be as allowed under this Rule.
2. TGFA Limitation. In Table VII.1. Hereafter, the percentages (%) indicated in the third
(3rd) through eighth (8th) columns, but excluding the multiplier numbers 3, 5, 12,
18, and 30 (which represent the number of storeys/floors), are the percentages of
the Total Lot Area (TLA) that may be used to initially determine the Allowable
Maximum TGFA for a proposed building/structure.
3. Crosscheck of TGFA with Allowable Maximum Volume Building (AMVB). The

Allowable Maximum TGFA once established must be thoroughly crosschecked
with the AMVB to find out if the AMVB is not exceeded. If exceeded, the necessary
adjustments on the Maximum Allowable TGFA must be made since the AMVB
must always prevail.
Corner Lot (See Fig.VIII.11 of Rule

Character of Use/Occupancy Type of Building/Structure
VIII
Commercial
Commercial 3 (Com-3) 30x80%
GROUPS B, C, E, H, I
Commercial 3 (Com-3) with
30x90%
Sprinkler System & Firewalls
SECTION 707. Maximum Height of Buildings
1. The maximum height and number of storeys of proposed building shall be

dependent upon the character of use or occupancy and the type of construction,
considering enduser population density, light and ventilation, width of RROW/streets
particularly of its roadway/carriageway component, building bulk, off-street cum off-
site parking requirements, etc. and in relation to local land use plan and zoning
113
regulations as well as other environmental considerations, e.g., geological,
hydrological, meteorological, topographical, prevailing traffic conditions, the
availability and capacity of public utility/service systems, etc. (Refer to Guidelines
on Building Bulk at the end of this Rule)
Building Height Limit (BHL)
Type of Number of allowable

Character of Use/Occupancy
Building/Structure storeys/floors above Meters above highest grade
established grade
2. Commercial Commercial 3 (C-3) 48.00 – 180.00
16 – 60
6. Utility / Transportation / 15.00 meters (or must complement the duly-approved BHL in
-
RROW / Services the major zone it is part of)
3. Parking Slot, Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements
a. The parking slot, parking area and loading/unloading space requirements

listed hereafter are generally the minimum off-street cum on-site
requirements for specific uses/occupancies for buildings/structures, i.e., all
to be located outside of the road right-of-way (RROW).
b. The size of an average automobile (car) parking slot must be computed at

2.50 meters by 5.00 meters for perpendicular or diagonal parking and at
2.15 meters by 6.00 for parallel parking. A standard truck or bus
parking/loading slot must be computed at a minimum of 3.60 meters by
12.00 meters. An articulated truck slot must be computed at a minimum of
3.60 meters by 18.00 meters which should be sufficient to accommodate a
12.00 meters container van or bulk carrier and a long/hooded prime mover.
A jeepney or shuttle parking/loading/unloading slot must be computed at a
minimum of 3.00 meters by 9.00 meters. The parking slots shall be drawn
to scale and the total number of which shall be indicated on the plans and
specified whether or not parking accommodations are attendant-managed.
c. The parking space ratings listed below are minimum off-street/off-RROW

cum on-site requirements for specific uses/occupancies for
buildings/structures, i.e., all to be located outside of the road right-of-way
(RROW):
114
Table VII.4. Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot, Parking
Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or Occupancy
Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Character of Minimum Required Parking Slot, Parking Area and
Occupancy (refer to Occupancies Loading
Section 701 of this Rule) or Type of Buildings/Structures Space Requirements
5. Group E
One (1) car slot for every 500.00 sq. meters of gross
floor area or for a fraction thereof; and one (1) off-
RROW (or off-street) passenger loading space that
Terminal, Inter-modals or Multi-modals, can accommodate two (2) queued jeepney/shuttle
5.1 Division E-1
Depots and the like (UTS) slots or two (2) queued bus slots whichever is
applicable; maneuvering area of buses, trucks and
like vehicles shall be outside of the RROW (within
property or lot lines only)
One (1) car slot for every 30.00 sq. meters of

5.1 Division E-2 Public Markets
customer area
d. In computing for parking slots, a fraction of 50% and above shall be considered
as one (1) car parking slot to be provided. In all cases however, a minimum of one
(1) car parking slot shall be provided unless otherwise allowed under this Rule.
115
SECTION 709. Requirements for Other Group Occupancies
GUIDELINES ON BUILDING BULK, DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS, BUILDINGS AND OTHER

ACCESSORY STRUCTURES WITHIN CEMETERIES AND MEMORIAL PARKS
A. DETERMINING BUILDING BULK
1. General. Building bulk (a volume quantity) shall be generally determined by the

application of the Floor-Lot Area Ratio (FLAR), vertically projecting the Allowable
Maximum Building Footprint (AMBF), establishing the Outermost Faces of Building (OFB)
and quantifying the Allowable Maximum Volume of Building (AMVB). The building bulk
may be ultimately governed by the width of the RROW and other applicable provisions
for light and ventilation (including incremental setbacks as a result of satisfying natural
light and ventilation requirements for RROW and front yards as partly shown in Table
VII.G.1. Hereafter).
2. Application of the FLAR. The FLAR (Table VII.G.1.) shall be the primary or initial
determinant of the building bulk.
Table VII.G.1. Reference Table of Floor to Lot Area Ratio (FLAR) Designations/Rights
Type of Use or of
Type of Buildings/Structures FLAR Designation/Rights
Occupancy
9.00 up to 34.00
Commercial Commercial 3 (Com-3)
(at a 60-storey or 180.00 m BHL)
Utility / Transportation /
- 2.00 up to 3.00
RROW / Services
RULE VIII Lighting and Ventilation
SECTION 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation
1. Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Easements of Light and
View, and to the specific provisions of the Code, every building shall be designed,
constructed, and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation. (Refer to Guidelines
on Easements, View Corridors/Sight Lines and Basements at the end of this Rule)
2. All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly
approved.
(Refer to Guidelines on Streets/RROW and Sidewalks at the end of this Rule)
3. No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the
relative area of windows to less than that provided for buildings under this Rule, or to
116
create an additional room, unless such additional room conforms to the requirements of
this Rule.
4. No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required court or yard would
be less than what is prescribed for such building lot.
SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy
4. The following Table illustrates the manner in determining the Maximum Allowable
Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO), Maximum Allowable Impervious Surface Area
(ISA), Maximum Allowable Construction Area (MACA), Minimum Unpaved Surface Area
(USA), and the Total Open Space within Lot (TOSL) with reference to Type of Land Use
Zoning per Lot.
Table VIII.1. Reference Table of Maximum Allowable PSO, Maximum Allowable ISA, the MACA,
the Minimum USA and the TOSL by Type of Land Use Zoning per Lot
Building/ Structure Use or

% of Total Lot Area (TLA)
Occupancy(or Land Use)a
Maximum
Maximum Minimum USA TOSL d
Duly-Approved Allowable ISAc
Allowable (Unpaved (ISA +
Zoning b (Paved Open
PSO c,d Open Spaces) USA)
Spaces)
Commercial 3 80e 15 5 20
Commercial
(Com-3) 90f 5 5 10
Utility/Transportation/ 50e 40 10 50
-
Services 60f 30 10 4
Notes:
a) Per duly-approved City/ Municipal Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)

b) Per duly-approved City/Municipal Zoning Ordinance (ZO) and its IRR
c) PSO + ISA = MACA (Maximum Allowable Construction Area)
d) PSO + TOSL = TLA (Total Lot Area).
e) Without firewall
f) With firewall
4. Minimum Requirements for Total Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL)
c. Abutments for Basic Uses/Occupancies forming part of new developments shall be

basically similar to the restrictions prescribed for firewalls under Rule VII, to wit:
vi. Abutments shall be allowed on two (2) sides only or on one (1) side and
the rear property line/boundary for any C-3 lot type/location. There shall
be no abutments on the front property line for any C-3 lot type/location.
117
d. Lot Type/Location.
Only seven (7) types of lots and their respective locations are described under this
Rule. (Figures VIII.2. through VIII.8.)
SECTION 804. Sizes and Dimensions of Courts
1. Minimum sizes of courts and yards and their least dimensions shall be governed
by the use, type of construction, and height of the building as provided hereunder,
provided that the minimum horizontal dimension of said courts and yards shall be
not less than 2.00 meters. All inner courts shall be connected to a street or yard,
either by a passageway with a minimum width of 1.20 meters or by a door through
a room or rooms.
2. The required open space shall be located totally or distributed anywhere within the
lot in such a manner as to provide maximum light and ventilation into the building.
(Figures VII.12. through VII.15)
118
GUIDELINES ON EASEMENTS, VIEW CORRIDORS/SIGHT LINES, STREETS/ROAD RIGHT-
OF WAY (RROW), SIDEWALKS, ARCADES, BASEMENTS, LOTS, AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
OR STRUCTURES
D. SIDEWALKS
4. Sidewalks shall be of uniform width throughout the entire length of the street.
The sidewalk width grade and finish of the dominant use/occupancy along the
RROW shall be generally observed.
5. The width of the sidewalk shall be as follows:
Table VIII.G.4. Range of Required Sidewalk and Planting Strip Widths
(Total at both sides of RROW) by RROW Width
6. The width of the sidewalk shall include both the paved and unpaved (planted)
portions. (See Table VIII.G.5.)
12. Driveways, Entrances and Exits
iii. Entrances and exits of buildings abutting sidewalks shall be made of

either ramps or steps.
iv. Entrance and exits ramps shall have a slope not exceeding 1/10. (Fig.
VIII.G.22.)
119
v. Entrance or exit steps shall have treads of not less than 300 millimeters.
The minimum number of steps shall be two (2) with risers not exceeding
100 millimeters.
vi. No portion of either entrance or exit ramps or steps shall intrude

into the sidewalk pavement.
E. TOTAL OPEN SPACE REQUIREMENTS ON LOTS BY USE/OCCUPANCY,

TYPE/LOCATIONAND SUGGESTED MINIMUM LOT SIZES, LOT DIMENSIONS &
TYPES BY USE/OCCUPANCY
Table VIII.G.6. Minimum TOSL Requirements by Lot Type/Location
Note: Higher Percentages (%) may apply for lots with Minimum Total Lot Area (TLA).
MINIMUM
MINIMUM
PERCENTAGE OF OPEN SPACE
PERCENTAGE OF OPEN SPACE
LOT TYPE/ BY OCCUPANCY TYPE**
BY OCCUPANCY TYPE**
LOCATION* (for Proposed Developments
(for Proposed Developments
with Permitted Firewalls or Allowed
without Firewalls or Abutments)
Abutments)
H-1, H-2, H-1, H-2,
A & B (Residential H-4 and I
H-4 and I A & B (Residential
Corner Lot+ or or (Cultural)
(Cultural) and or Institutional) & C,
Through Lot; see Institutional) & C, and E-1 and
E-1 and E-3 D,E-2 and H E-3
Figures D,E-2 and H
(Transportation/ (Institutional) (Transportation/
VIII.4. and VIII.5. (Institutional)
Utility) Utility)
+Note: For corner
lots, the largest 35% *
30%
setback requirement (for all classes of 25% ** 30% #
(for R-1 and all other
shall apply to the cultural use or (for R-2) (for all cultural)
Residential uses or
two (2) sides occupancy) and 20% *** 30% ##
occupancy); and
serviced by the 40% (for other (for all
40% (for all classes
RROW. (for all classes of residential) transportation/
of institutional
transportation/ utility 30%**** utility/services)
uses or occupancy)
use or occupancy) (for all institutional)
Notes:
* with absolutely no firewalls/abutments allowed for R-1 use.

** with firewall/abutment allowed on only one (1) side property line and absolutely no firewall/abutment at front
and rear property lines for R-2 use.
*** with firewalls/ abutments allowed on two (2) side property lines only or on one (1) side property line and the
rear property line and absolutely no firewall/abutment at front property lines for R-3 and R-5 uses; and with
firewalls/ abutments allowed on two (2) side property lines only and absolutely no firewall/abutment at the front
and rear property lines for R-4 use.
**** with firewalls/abutments for all classes of institutional uses.
# with firewall/abutment allowed on only one (1) side for all classes of cultural uses.
## with firewalls/abutments allowed on two (2) sides only or on one (1) side and rear boundary for all classes of
transportation/utility uses.
+ Refer to Rule VIII - Figures VIII.2. through VIII.8. for lot type/location.
++ Refer to Rule VII for occupancy grouping.
120
APPENDIX F: RA 9514: Fire Code of the Philippines
DIVISION 3. CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY
6. Mercantile
a. Mercantile occupancies include stores, markets, and other rooms, buildings, or

structures for the display and/or sale of merchandise.
b. Mercantile occupancies include: malls; supermarkets; department stores;

shopping centers; flea markets; restaurants of less than 50 persons capacity;
public/private dry and wet markets; water refilling stations; drugstores;
hardware/construction supplies; showrooms; and auction rooms.
c. Minor merchandising operation in building predominantly of other occupancies,

such as newsstand in an office building, shall be subject to the exit requirements of
the predominant occupancy.
d. Office, storage, and service facilities incidental to the sale of merchandise and
located in the same building should be considered part of the mercantile occupancy
classification.
DIVISION 13. MERCANTILE OCCUPANCIES
SECTION 10.2.13.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A. Classification of Occupancy
1. Mercantile occupancies shall include all buildings and structures or parts

thereof with occupancy as described in Division 3 of this Chapter.
2. Sub-classification of Occupancy
a. Mercantile occupancies shall be classified as follows:
i. Class A. AII stores having aggregate gross area of two

thousand seven hundred eighty-seven square meters
(2,787 m2) or more, or utilizing more than three (3) floor
levels for sales purposes.
ii. Class B. All stores of less than two thousand seven

hundred eighty-seven square meters (2,787 m2) aggregate
area, but over two hundred eighty-seven square meters
(287 m2), or utilizing any balcony, mezzanine or floor
above or below the street floor level for sales purposes
except that if more than three (3) floors are utilized, the
store shall be considered Class A, regardless of area.
iii. Class C. All stores of two hundred seventy-eight square

meters (278 m2) or less gross area used for sales purposes
121
on the street floor only.
b. For the purpose of Class A and Class B, C, the aggregate gross

area shall be the total area of all floors used for mercantile
purposes and, where a store is divided into sections by fire walls
shall include the area of all sections used for sales purposes. Areas
of floors not used for sales purposes, such as a floor below the
street floor used only for storage and not open to the public, shall
not be counted for the purpose of the above classifications, but
exits shall be provided for such non-sales area in accordance with
their occupancy, as specified by other Divisions of this Chapter.
c. A balcony or mezzanine floor having an area less than one-half

(1/2) of the floor below shall not be counted as a floor level for the
purpose of applying the classification, but if there are two (2)
balconies or mezzanine floors, one (1) shall be counted.
d. Storeys not used for sales above or below sales floor are not
counted in the height classification.
e. A mezzanine less than or equal to 1/3 the area (new) or less than
or equal to ½ the area (existing) of the floor below is permitted.
f. Where a number of stores under different management are located

in the same building or in adjoining buildings with no fire wall or
other standard fire separations in between, the aggregate gross of
all such stores shall be used in determining classification.
B. Classification of Hazard
The contents of mercantile occupancies shall be classified in

accordance with Division 4 of this Chapter.
Exception: Mercantile occupancies classified as high hazard in accordance with Division 4

of this Chapter shall meet the following additional requirements:
1. Exits shall be located not more than twenty-three (23) meters of travel
from any point is needed to reach the nearest exit.
2. From every point there shall be at least two (2) exits accessible by travel
in different directions (no common path of travel).
3. All vertical opening shall be enclosed.
122
C. Occupant Load
1. For purposes of determining required exits, the occupant load of

mercantile buildings or parts of building used for mercantile purposes shall
not be less than the following:
a. Street floor, one (I) person for each two and eight-tenths square
meters (2.8 m2) gross floor area. In stores with no street floor as
defined in Division 2 of this Chapter, but with access directly from
the street by stairs or escalators, the principal floor at the point of
entrance to the store shall be considered the street floor. In stores
where due to difference in grade of streets on different sides, there
are two (2) or more floors directly accessible from the street (not
including alleys or similar back streets), each such floor shall be
considered a street floor for the purpose of determining occupant
load.
b. Due to differences in grade of streets on different sides, two or

more floors directly accessible from streets (not including alleys or
similar back streets) exist; each such floor is permitted to be
considered a street floor. The occupant load factor is one person
for each 3.7 square meters of gross floor area of sales space. c.
Sales floors below the street floor: same as street floor. d. Upper
floors, used for sale: one (1) person for each five and six tenths
square meters (5.6 m2) gross floor area.
e. Floor or sections used only for offices, storage, shipping and not
open to the general public: one (1) person for each nine and three-
tenths square meters (9.3 m2) gross floor area.
f. Floors or sections used for assembly purposes: occupant load

determined in accordance with Division 8 of this Chapter.
g. Covered Walls: one (1) person for each two and eight-tenths
square meters (2.8 m2) gross floor area.
2. Where any required egress capacity from a balcony or mezzanine passes

through the room below, that required capacity shall be added to the
required egress capacity of the room below.
SECTION 10.2.13.2 EXIT DETAILS
A. General
1. All exit facilities shall be in accordance with Division 5 of this Chapter and
this Division. Only types of exits specified in this Section shall be used as
required exit facilities in any mercantile occupancy.
123
2. Where a stairway, escalator, outside stair, or ramp serves two (2) or more
upper floors, the same stairway or other exit required to serve anyone (1)
upper floor may also serve other upper floors.
Exception: No inside open stairway, escalator, or ramp may serve as required egress facility
from more than one (1) floor.
3. Where there are two (2) or more floors below the street floor, the same
stairway or other exit may serve all floors, but all required exits from such
areas shall be independent of any open stairways between street and the
floor below it.
4. Where a level outside exit from upper floors is possible owing to hills,
exits from the upper floor also serve as an entrance from a principal street,
the upper floor shall be classified as a street, and is subject to the
requirements of this Section for street floors.
B. Types of Exits
1. Exits shall be restricted to the following permissible types:
a. Doors;
b. Stairs and Smoke Proof Enclosures;
c. Horizontal exits; and
d. Ramps.
2. In existing interior stair or fire escape not complying with Section 10.2.5.4
or Section 10.2.5.10 of this IRR may be continued in use, subject to the
approval of the City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction.
C. Capacity of Means of Egress
1. The capacity of means of egress shall be in accordance with Section

10.2.5.2 of this IRR.
2. In Class A and Class B mercantile occupancies, street floor exits shall be

sufficient for the occupant load of the street floor plus the required capacity
of stairs and ramps discharging through the street floor.
D. Number of Exits
1. Exits shall comply with the following, except as otherwise permitted by

paragraphs (2) through (5) below:
a. The number of means of egress shall be in accordance with
124
Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR.
b. Not less than two separate exits shall be provided on every

storey.
c. Not less than two separate exits shall be accessible from every
part of every storey.
2. Exit access as required by para (1) (c) above, shall be permitted to

include a single exit access path for the distances permitted as common
path of travel.
3. A single means of egress shall be permitted in a Class C mercantile

occupancy, provided that the travel distance to the exit or to a mall does not
exceed twenty meters (23 m).
4. A single means of egress shall be permitted in a Class C mercantile

occupancy, provided that the travel distance to the exit or to a mall does not
exceed thirty meters (30 m), and the storey on which the occupancy is
located, and all communicating levels that are traversed to reach the exit or
mall, are protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic
sprinkler system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR.
5. A single means of egress to an exit or to a mall shall be permitted from a

mezzanine within any Class A, Class B, or Class C mercantile occupancy,
provided that the common path of travel does not exceed thirty meters (30
m) if protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler
system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR.
E. Arrangement and Access of Exits
1. Exits shall be remote from each other and shall be arranged to minimize
the possibility that both may be blocked by an emergency.
Exception: A common path may be permitted for the first fifteen (15) meters from any point.
(See Section 10.2.13.1 of this IRR, if there are high hazard contents).
2. The aggregate width of all aisles leading to each exit shall be equal to at
least the required width of the exit.
3. In no case shall aisle be less than eighty centimeters (80 cm) in clear
width.
4. In Class A stores, at least one (1) aisle of one and one-half meters (1.5
m) minimum width shall lead directly to an exit.
5. In the only means of entrance of customer is through one (1) exterior wall
of the building, two-thirds (2/3) of the required exit width shall be located in
125
this wall,
6. At least one-and one-half (1.5) of the required exits shall be so located

as to be reached without going through check-out stands In no care shall
checkout stands or associated railings or barriers obstruct exits or required
aisles or approached thereto.
F. Measurement of Travel Distance to Exits
Travel distance to exits shall be measured in accordance with Section

10.2.5.2 of this IRR.
Exception: An increase in the above travel distance to forty-six (46) meters shall be
permitted in a building completely protected by an approved, supervised sprinkler system in
accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR.
G. Discharge from Exits
In buildings with automatic fire suppression system in accordance with

Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR, one-half (0.5) of rated number of exit units of
stairways, escalators or ramps serving as required exits from floors above
or below the street floor, may discharge through the main street floor area,
instead of directly to the street, provided that:
1. Not more than one-half (0.5) of the required exit units from any single
floor considered separately discharge through the street floor area.
2. The exits are enclosed in accordance with Section 10.2.6.2 of this IRR,
to the street floor.
3. The distance of travel from the termination of the enclosure to an outside

street door is-not more than fifteen and one-half meters (15 .5 m).
4. The street floor doors provide sufficient units of exit width to serve exits
discharging through the street floor in addition to the street floor itself, per
Section 10.2.13.1 of this IRR.
H. Doors
1. Every street floor door shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.5.3of this
IRR, and a horizontal exit door, if used, in accordance with Section 10.2.5.6
of this IRR.
2. All doors at the foot of stairs from upper floors or at the end of stairs
leading to floors below the street floor shall swing with the exit travel.
126
I. Exit Signs and Lighting
1. Every mercantile occupancy shall have exit illumination and signs in

accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 and 10.2.5.12 of this IRR.
2. Every Class A and Class B store shall have emergency lighting facilities
conforming to Section 10.2.5.11 of this IRR.
127
APPENDIX G: Bus Karo 2.0
Table 2.1. Components of good terminal design
Source: Bus Karo 2.0 – Case studies from India
128
APPENDIX H: Photographs of Interviews
1. Interview with Hon. Eduardo R. Gullas; Mayor, Talisay City, Cebu dated
June 29, 2016 6:00 PM to 7:00 PM
(from left) researchers Gilbert M. Dela Serna, Clark Dominic Plaza; Hon. Eduardo
R. Gullas and researcher Vince Dominique M. Omaque
2. Interview with Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw; City Engineer, Talisay City, Cebu
dated August 24, 2016, 9:00 AM to 10:30 AM
(from left) researcher Gilbert M. Dela Serna; Engr. Ariel A. Araw-araw researchers
Vince Dominique M. Omaque and Clark Dominic Plaza
129
APPENDIX I: Photographs of the Research Environment
1. Existing Structures of the Tabunok Public Market
2. Public market and adjacent terminal existing conditions; photos taken on

September 4, 2016.
TPM waste dumping area
130
Open space area at the back of Building 1
Overpass bridge adjacent to the Tabunok Public Market.
131
Image of the existing conditions of the adjacent transport terminal.
Image of the parking area for taxi cabs and jeepneys under the overpass bridge.
132
3. Tabunok Market Sections; photos taken on September 4, 2016.
2-Storey (General Dried Fish Section

Merchandise) Building 1
indoors
Image of Fresh fish Section of Tabunok Public Market.
133
Image of Rice and Corn Section of Tabunok Public Market.
Image of Z-1 Section (General Merchandise) of Tabunok Public Market.
Image of Dry goods Section of Tabunok Public Market.
Fast Food Section Fruits and Vegetables Section
134
4. Entrances of the Tabunok Public Market, photos taken September 4, 2016.
Entry point no.1 – located at the right side of Building 1
135
Entry point no.2 – located between Building 1 and the adjacent transport
terminal.
Entry point no.3 – market access from the transport terminal to Building 3
Entry point no.4 – located at the right side of Building 2

1
136
Image of the Market backdoor access.
5. Areas of observation for Ambulant vendors
Areas of Observation for Ambulant Vendors – TPM
137
Observations on August 7, 2016
Area A; 4:30 AM Area B; 5:30 AM
Area C; 6:30 AM Area D; 12:00 PM
Area A, D; 5:30 AM December Area C; 4:30 AM December

24, 2016 30, 2016
138
APPENDIX J: Articles and Ordinances
Source of Study
Article Source: http://www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/local-news/2016/05/22/gullas-

open-market-design-uv-students-475144
Date published and accessed: Sunday, May 22, 2016
139
Article Source: SUNSTAR Cebu
Image Source:
https://www.facebook.com/TalisayCity/photos/a.540520126140852.10737
41895.511087289084136/540522506140614/?type=3&theater
Date published and accessed: Tuesday, September 13, 2016
140
141
142
GLOSSARY
Affermage. A contract granting use or occupation of property during a

specified time for a specified payment. A type of contract in which it is a binding
agreement between two or more persons that is enforceable by law.
Agora. A gathering place; especially: the marketplace in ancient Greece,

similarly defined as Roman Forum
Ambulant Vendors or Transient Vendors. Are vendors who sells their goods
only for a short, limited, scheduled time. These type of vendors often occur during
early morning or on the evening.
Archives. An archive is an accumulation of historical records or the physical

place they are located.
Entrepreneurs. Often called sellers, owners; are the ones organize,

manages and assumes the risk of a business.
Linkage. Is a connection or relationship of two or more

things.(www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary)
Patrons. Refers to people who purchase goods or uses the services of a

business. A customer.
Questionnaire-interview. An instrument used by the researchers where

written questions were answered verbally.
Remunerate. Pay (someone) for services rendered or work done.
Trade and Commerce. The activity of buying and selling of goods and
services. (www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary)
Urbanization. Is the process by which towns and cities are formed and
become greater as more and more people start living and working in central areas.
143
CURRICULUM VITAE
GILBERT M. DELA SERNA II
Molave Ext., Lagtang, Talisay City, Cebu

Contact No.: 238-1065
gilbertdelaserna@yahoo.com
PERSONAL DATA
Nationality : Filipino
Gender : Male
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Date of Birth : Oct 29, 1995
Place of Birth : Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu
QUALIFICATIONS
 Proficiency in computer software such as Sketchup, Autodesk

AutoCAD, 3dsMax, Adobe Photoshop.
 Computer savvy and MS Office Proficient
 Willing to learn new things in short span of time.
 Ability to work fast.
 Able to work in groups and individually without supervision.
Education

Cebu Institute of Technology – University 2012 – 2017
4th Year Highschool, Graduate

Minglanilla National Science High School 2008 – 2012
Poblacion Ward 1, Minglanilla, Cebu
144
CURRICULUM VITAE
VINCE DOMINIQUE M. OMAQUE

Sto. Niño St, Nonoc, Tabunok, Talisay City, Cebu
Contact No.: 272-6515
vincedm.omaque@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA
Gender : Male
Date of Birth : April 12, 1996
Place of Birth : Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
QUALIFICATIONS
 Proficiency in computer softwares such as Sketchup, Autodesk

AutoCAD, Lumion, 3ds Max and Sony Vegas.
 Computer savvy and MS Office proficient.
 Ability to work fast.
Education


St. Scholastica’s Academy – Tabunok 2008 – 2012
R. Rabaya St, Tabunok, Talisay City
145
CURRICULUM VITAE
CLARK DOMINIC G. PLAZA

Plaza St., Magosilom, Cantilan, Surigao Del Sur
Contact No.: 09076154565
Clarkdominicgplaza@gmail.com
PERSONAL DATA
Gender : Male
Date of Birth : May 2, 1996
Place of Birth : Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
QUALIFICATIONS
 Proficiency in computer software such as Sketchup, AutoCad and

3dsMax
 Computer savvy and MS Office Proficient.
 Able to work under pressure.
Education


Saint Michael College 2008 – 2012
Rizal St., Magosilom, Cantilan, Surigao del Sur
146

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A PROPOSED TABUNOK PUBLIC MARKET WITH

DELA SERNA, GILBERT II M.

This Undergraduate thesis entitled “A PROPOSED TABUNOK PUBLIC

THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE

_AR. JUNE S. BAYATON_

AR. EMELINE JOY LIM-GANZON AR. EMELINE JOY LIM-GANZON

___AR. FRANCISCO P. EPE___ _AR. ANNABELLE M. GUAZON_

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with the grade of___________.

___AR. FRANCISCO P. EPE___ __AR. ANNABELLE M. GUAZON__

__MR. WINEFREDO M. BAS__

Date of Design Hearing : July 24, 2016

ENGR. EVANGELINE C. EVANGELISTA, DM

Title : A PROPOSED TABUNOK PUBLIC MARKET

Researchers : GILBERT M. DELA SERNA II

Degree : BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

School : CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY –

Year Completed : 2017

Number of Pages : 163

An Intra-City Transport Terminal is also defined as a transportation hub or

Year after year, urbanization strengthens as well as the development of a

A new Tabunok Public Market with an Intra-City Terminal is the most

It is recommended that the contents of this study be used for the

To our family for the encouragement, emotional, spiritual and financial,

To Chef Popoy, for the delicious foods he provides us when we stayed at

To Architect Richard M. Abella, our Thesis Research Writing coordinator for

To ourselves, the researchers to those countless sleepless and no sleep

To GOD ALMIGHTY, HE who provided us with good health, wisdom,

GILBERT M. DELA SERNA II

Table of Contents iii

List of Tables iii

List of Figures xiv

Chapter 1. The Problem and its Scope 1

Conceptual Background of the Study 3

Conceptual Framework of the Study 3

Statement of the Problem 4

Significance of the Study 4

Scope and Delimitations 5

Chapter 2. Reviews of Related Literature 7

Chapter 3. Research Methodology 11

Flow of the Study 15

Chapter 4. Presentation, Interpretation and Analysis of Data 20

The Study Area 20

Technical Description of the Site 23

Sketch Plan of the SIte 24

Topography and Slope 25

Solid Waste Management 29

Public Market Stall and Store Owners 35

Illegal and Ambulant Vendors 36

Amount of Goods delivered in the market daily 39

Types of Commuters using the Terminal 39

Public Transport Parking Ratio 40

Market Vendors, Stall and Store Owners questionnaire-interview

Public Transport Vehicle Drivers questionnaire-interview Responses 45

Chapter 5. Summary, Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations 49

Chapter 6. Architectural Programming, Financial and Management

Financial and Management Aspect 60

Project Cost Estimate 60

Site Development Plan 68

Ground Floor Plan 69

Basement Floor Plan 70

Second Floor Plan 70

Transport Terminal Layout Plan 71

Ramp Flow Detail 72

_AR. FRANCISCO P. EPE_ _AR. ANNABELLE M. GUAZON_

_AR. FRANCISCO P. EPE_ AR. ANNABELLE M. GUAZON

MR. WINEFREDO M. BAS