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စစ္ခ႐ိုနီမ်ားႏွင့္ ထိုင္းကုမၸဏီတို႕၏ ညစ္ညမ္းေသာေက်ာက္မီးေသြးတြင္း
ဘန္းေခ်ာင္း၊ ထားဝယ္ခ႐ိုင္၊ ျမန္မာ
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vli,ftzGJU? xm;0,fzGHNzdK;rItzGJU (DDA) ESihf weoFm&DjrpfrBuD;ESihf Xmaewdkif;&if;om;rsm;uGef&uf
(Trip Net) wdkYu yl;wGJokawoejyK a&;om;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/
qufoG,f&ef - banchaung.dawei@gmail.com
2 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
tpD&ifcHpm tESpfcsKyf
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vlrIa&;qdkif&m ½dkufcwfrIrsm;udk jyKpkxm;ygonf/
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 3
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tmrcHcsufrvdkbJ vkyfief;pwifa&; ¤if;\xdyfwef;tquftoG,frsm;udk tokH;jyKcJhonf/ pDrHudef;udk
a'ocH&mG om;rsm;\ obm0ywf0ef;usiEf iS fh vlrt I usK;d oufa&mufrpI pfwrf; (ESIA) vkyaf qmifjcif;r&Sb d ?J
vGwfvyfí BudKwifn§dEdIif;oabmwlnDcsuf&,ljcif; (FPIC) r&SdbJ wGef;wdkufvkyfaqmifcJhonf/
4 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
aoqk;H jcif;? a'ocH&mG om;rsm; ta&jym;qdik &f m a&m*grsm;BuHKawGUNyD; emrusef;jzpfjcif;wdYk BuHKawGUcJ&h onf/
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touf½SLvrf;aMumif;jyóemrsm;udk jzpfay:apygonf/ jrefrmppfwyf0ifa&mufvmjcif;ESihftwl tjcm;
a'orSolpdrf;rsm; pOfqufrjywf 0ifa&mufvmjcif;aMumihfvnf; a'ocHrsm;twGuf rvkHNcHKawmh[laom
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bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 5
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vnfywfaerIudk &yfqdkif;xm;ay;yg/ EIA ppfwrf;aumuf,laom vkyfief;pOfonf yGihfvif;
jrifomrI&SdNyD; t"dyÜm,fjynhf0aom vlxkyl;aygif;yg0ifrI &Sd&rnf/
jrefrmjynfaxmifpktpdk;&ESihf weoFm&Dwdkif;a'oBuD;tpdk;&odkY
u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t½kH; (KNU) ESihf yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufum weoFm&Dwdkif;a'oBuD;twGuf
tjcm;zGHUNzdK;a&;ykHpHwpfck xlaxmifyg/ ,if;odkYxlaxmif&mwGif vlxkyl;aygif;yg0ifrI&Sd&ef?
jrpfrsm;? urf;ajcrsm;? yifv,frsm;udk oefY&Sif;vSypGm xdef;odrf;xm;&ef? oefpGrf;aomopfawm
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bef;acsmif;&Sd a'ocHvx l \
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arG;rI? vkHNcHKa&;? usef;rma&;ESihf obm0ywf0ef;usifudpö&yfrsm; oihfawmfaomenf;vrf;jzihf
ajz&Sif;NyD;onhftcsdefxd East Star owåKwGif; vnfywfrItay: axmufcHay;xm;rIudk &yfqdkif;
xm;&ef/
6 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
arzvm;0g; owåKvkyfief;ESihf ¤if;\ rdwfzufvkyfief;rsm;odkY
ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&; Oya'? pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;ESihf EIA vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;wdkYt& jynhfpkHNyD;
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vnfywfaerIudk &yfqdkif;xm;ay;yg/ EIA ppfwrf;aumuf,laom vkyfief;pOfonf yGihfvif;
jrifomrI&NdS yD; t"dymÜ ,fjynh0f aom vlxyk ;l aygif;yg0ifrI &S&d rnf/ obm0ywf0ef;usif pDrcH efYcaJG &;
tpDtrHwpf&yfudk trsm;jynfolodkY &Sif;vif;wifjy&rnfjzpfNyD; EdkifiHom;rsm;taeESihf apmihfMunhf
MuyfrwfumOya't& touf0ifa&;vkyfaqmifEdkifonhf tcef;u@&Sd&rnf/
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 7
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&yf&GmvlxktwGif; xdawGUar;jref;rIrsm;? okawoejyKcsufrsm;udk tajcjyKxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/ okawoD
rsm;onf ukrÜPD\ pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;ESihf tifwmeufpmrsufESmay:&Sd owif;aqmif;yg;rsm;udk tao;pdwf
jyefvnfokH;oyfxm;onf/ ,if;tjyif jrefrmtpdk;& owåKwGif;0efBuD;Xme? u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t½kH;ESihf
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pDrHudef;qdkif&m tjcm;tcsuftvufrsm;udk KNU? ukrÜPD? tpdk;&wdkYESihf awGUqkHyGJrsm;rS pkpnf;&&Sdonf/
pkpnf;okawoejyKjcif;? jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif; tBuD;pm;owåKvkyfief;rsm;tay: pDrHtkyfcsKyfaom wnfqJ
Oya'rlabmiftay: Oya'ynm&Sifrsm;\ okH;oyfcsufESihf bef;acsmif;pDrHudef;wGif ,if;Oya'rlabmifrsm;
rnfodkY tokH;csonfudkvnf; jyefvnfokH;oyfavhvmcJhonf/ pDrHudef;aMumihf xdcdkufcHpm;&aom &Gmol
&Gmom;rsm;xHrS wdusaom pdk;&drfcsufrsm; pkaqmif;&&Sd&ef okawoDrsm;u tzGihfar;cGef;rsm;ar;jref;jcif;?
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cef;odkY ydkYaqmifokH;oyfjcif;jzihfvnf;aumif; rSwfwrf;wifxm;ygonf/
8 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
jzpfcJhonf/ 2012 ckESpfwGif jrefrmtpdk;&ESihf u&iftrsdK;om;tpnf;t½kH; (KNU) wdkY ESpfOD;ESpfzuf
vufrSwfra&;xdk;rDtxd ,if;y#dyu©rsm; quf&SdaecJhonf/ typftcwfrsm; csKyfNidrf;oGm;ojzihf q,fpkESpf
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bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 9
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jcif;vkyfief;rsm; vkyfaqmifaeonf/ ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfjcif;vkyfief;udk {u 60 ay:wGifom vkyfudkif
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vmaom tnpftaMu;rsm;aMumihf ¤if;wdkYokH;pGJaeaom jrpfacsmif;rsm;npfnrf;um a&xk? avxk ysufpD;
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kd ;kd &Gmvmrnfupkd ;kd &dru
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bef;acsmif;&Gmom;ESifh awGUqkHar;jref;rI? Zlvkdif 2013
10 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
bef;acsmif;owåKwGif; pDrHudef; ajrykH
bef;acsmif; ausmufrD;aoG;wGif;pDrHudef;ESihf weoFm&Dwdkif;twGif;&Sd
ausmufrD;aoG;okH; vQyfppf"mwftm;ay;puf½kHrsm;
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yrmP - 7000 r*¾g0yf
wnfaqmufol - tDwmvsH-
&r®Zl? avmif;vkH;
bef;acsmif; ausmufrD;aoG;wGif; xdkif;? rpfqlbD&SD? EGAT yrmP - 500 r*¾g0yf
wnfaqmufol - rod
weoFm&D',fvw
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yrmP - 2640 r*¾g0yf vGwfvGwf? Nrdwf
wnfaqmufol - &pfcsyfbl&D vQyfppf"mwftm;ay;ukrÜPD? yrmP - 50 r*¾g0yf
wnfaqmufol - oef;NzdK;ol ukrÜPD
MEPE, Blue Energy & Environment Co., Ltd ? Aef;awmhcsf ukrP
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ausmfausmfNzdK; ukrÜPD rvufwdk? jynfBuD;r@dKifNrdKUe,fcGJ? bkwfjyif;NrdKUe,f
yrmP - 2000 r*¾g0yf (500 r*¾g0yf _4)
Nrdwf ausmufrD;aoG;okH; "mwftm;ay;½kH wnfaqmufol - 24 Hours Industry and
yrmP - 1800 r*¾g0yf Development Co., Ltd.
wnfaqmufol - r½lbDeD GPSE (PTTEP tkyfpk0if)? aumhaomif;
EGAT? Sri Synergy ? {&m[oFmukrÜPD? MEPE
yrmP - 6 r*¾g0yf ? oef;NzdK;olukrÜPD
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txl;pD;yGma&;Zkef
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Thai Asset \vrf;aMumif;
East Staruazmufvkyf
xm;aom xD;cD;e,fpyfoYkd vrf;
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 11
uGrf;acsmif;BuD; aus;&Gm&Sd owåKwGif;teD;&Sd (ck) odkYr[kwf a&TUajymif;awmif,mpdkufysKd;ajr
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12 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
tkyfcsKyfa&;tNydKif&Sdaomae&m&Sd pGefYpm;&aom &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrI
rMumao;rDumvrsm;txd tEÅ&m,f&adS om y#dyu©e,fajrjzpfcNhJ yD; t"dutm;jzihf a&mjyGe;f aeaomtkycf sKyfa&;
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(KNU) ESihf jrefrmtpdk;&wdkY e,fajr? obm0o,HZmwESihf zGHUNzdK;a&;pDrHudef;rsm;tay: xdef;csKyfEdkif&ef
rMumcP tNydKifjzpfaejcif;udk qdkvdk&if;jzpfonf/
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 13
w&m;0ifajr,mrSwfykHwif&ef rjzpfEdkifcJhyg/ ,if;aMumihfyif aus;&Gmol aus;&Gmom;rsm;rSm owåKwGif;ESihf
tjcm;pDrHudef;rsm;aMumihfjzpfvmaom ajr,modrf;qnf;rIrsm;udk wkHYjyef&ifqdkifEdkifpGrf; csKdUwJhcJh&onf/
bef;acsmif;owåKwGi;f udk Oya't& odYk r[kwf pDrt H yk cf sKyfraI Mumif;t& rnfoYl wiG f vkyyf ikd cf iG t fh mPmqdo
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taeESifh xdcu kd cf pH m;&aom &yf&mG tzGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ vlrv I ikd pf if&,l&efrvdb
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qifajcr[kwfyg/ ,if;tjyif jrefrmtpdk;& owåKwGif;ukrÜPDtaeESihfvnf; owåKwl;azmfa&;vkyfief;rsm;udk
xda&mufpGm BuD;Muyfta&;,lEdkifjcif;r&Sdygu vkyfydkifcGihfvdkifpifxkwfay;jcif; rjyKoihfyg/ xdkYtwl KNU
taeESiv fh nf; ,if;odYk aomvkyif ef;rsm;udk xde;f odr;f BuD;MuyfEikd o f nhf uRrf;usifrEI iS fh pGr;f aqmif&nfr&Syd gu
vkyfudkifcGihfygrpf xkwfay;jcif;rjyKoihfyg/
14 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
2011 ckESpf aESmif;ydkif; East Star ukrÜPDu uGrf;acsmif;BuD;aus;&Gm vkyfuGuf 2 twGif;&Sd aus;&Gmom;rsm;\
odkYr[kwf 2012 ckESpf pdkufysdK;ajray:wGif &Gmom;rsm;\ oabmwlnDcsufr&bJ ajr{u 60 ay:wGif
tapmydkif; [if;vif;zGihf owåKwGif;azmfjcif; tBuD;pm;vkyfief; pwifcJhonf/
arzvm;0g;ukrÜPDu vkyfuGuf 4? 5 ESihf 6 wdkYwGif (wpfuGufvQif {u 200 pDjzihf)
rwf 2012 xyfaqmif;vkyfudkifcGihf pkpkaygif; {u 600 &&SdcJhonf/
bef;acsmif;rS urf;½dk;wef;ay:&Sd o&ufacsmif;NrdKUe,f&Sd (qDa'gqdyfurf;) txd o,f
pufwifbm 2012 ,l ydkYaqmifa&;vrf;azmuf&ef vkyfydkifcGihfudk weoFm&Dwdkif;a'oBuD;tpdk;&tzGJUrS
arzvm;0g; ukrÜPDodkY csay;cJhonf/
pDrHudef;udk aiGaMu;axmufyHhjcif;ESihf ausmufrD;aoG;a&mif;csjcif; vkyfaqmifrnhf
Edk0ifbm 2012 Energy Earth uk r Ü P D E S i h f East Star uk r Ü P D w d k Y yl ; wG J v k y f i ef ; vk y f a qmif & ef
oabmwlnDcsufpmcsKyf csKyfqdkonf/
Zefe0g&D 2013 Thai Asset ukrÜPDu KNU \ cGihfjyKcsufr&SdbJ vrf;azmufjcif;vkyfief; pwifonf/
pDrHudef;udk jyefvnfokH;oyf&ef KNU (Nrdwf-xm;0,fc½dkif ) taxGaxG twGif;a&;rSL;
Zefe0g&D 2014 rS East Star ukrÜPD\ vkyfief;rsm; ,m,D&yfqdkif;xm;&ef trdefYxkwfcJhonf/ odkYaomf
pDrHudef;u a&SUqufvkyfudkifNrJjzpfonf/
ukrP Ü t
D aeESifh vuf&dS vkyif ef;vkyu
f ikd af eaom 60 {uxuf xyfw;kd vkyu f ikd rf nfr[kwf
rwf 2014 [lonfh oabmwlnDcsufudk KNU Nrdwf-xm;0,fc½dkif wm0ef&Sdolrsm;? East Star
ukrÜPDESihf aus;&Gmol aus;&Gmom;rsm; vufrSwfa&;cJhonf/
owåKwiG ;f vkyif ef;rsm;udk qefYusiof nht f aeESifh aus;&Gmolaus;&Gmom;rsm;u Thai Asset
Edk0ifbm 2014 ESihf East Star wdkY\ vrf;rsm;udk ydwfqdkYcJhonf/ odkYaomf East Star ukrÜPD\vrf;udk
KNLA u jyefzGihfay;cJhonf/
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 15
azmfjyygajrykHonf ojyKacsmif;? ausmufxk? uGrf;acsmif;BuD;ESihf uaxmif;eD aus;&Gmrsm;wGif vufiif;
ajr,mrsm; tokH;csaeykHjzpfonf/ ajrykHt&qdkygu owåKrdkif;vkyfuGuf 1 rS 6 txdonf &Gmom;rsm;
a&TUajymif;awmif,mtjzpf tokH;jyKaeaom ajrae&mjzpfaMumif; &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif; odEdkifygonf/ vuf&Sd
tajctaewGif vkyfuGuf 2 twGif;&Sd {u 500 teuf {u 60 wGifom owåKwl;azmfjcif;vkyfief;
vkyfudkifvsuf&Sdonf/ tu,fí owåKwl;azmfjcif;vkyfief;udk pkpkaygif; {u 2100 odkY cGihfjyKvdkufygu
&Gmol&Gmom;rsm;taeESihf pdkufysKd;ajr{u trsm;tjym;qkH;½IH;oGm;rnfjzpfNyD; ¤if;wdkY\ toufarG;rI?
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ysOf;uwkd;xdef;odrf;a&;{&d,m ausmufxk
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aus;&Gmykdifxdef;odrf;a&;opfawm ojyKacsmif;
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om;iSufxdef;odrf;a&;{&d,m
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usef;rma&;tEÅ&m,fudkpdk;&drfaom &Gmom;rsm;twGuf ,if;jyóemudkajz&Sif;&ef ,m,D rvkHavmufaom
tajztjzpf ausmufrD;aoG;rD;rsm;ay: ajrzdkYjcif;jzihfom wkHYjyefcJhzl;onf/
9
awGUqkHar;jref;rI trsm;aus;&Gm
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 31
owåKwGif;rS tufqpf,dkpdrhfjcif;
npfnrf;ajrpmrsm; pGefYypfjcif;
10
http://karennews.org/2013/03/villagers-protest-at-coalmine-want-knu-to-revoke-permission.html/
11
½kyfoHawGUqkHar;jref;jcif;? bef;acsmif;a'o? 2012
32 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
tqdyfoihfa&udk okH;&efrSty a&G;cs,fp&mr&Sd
,Ofaus;rIqdkif&m tusdK;oufa&mufrIrsm;
East Star ukrÜPDonf ,cifu woD;wjcm;&SdNyD; tcsif;csif;&if;ESD;cspfMunfrI&Sdonhf bef;acsmif;a'oodkY
vkyfief;vkyfudkif&ef xdkif;rS tvkyform;rsmudk ac:aqmifcJhonf/ tcsKdUvkyfom;rsm;onhf owåKwGif;teD;
awmifay:wGif ewf½kyfxkBuD;wpfckudk wnfaqmufcJhonf/ ,if;"avhESihf &if;ESD;rIr&Sdonhf a'ocHrsm;onf
,if;ewf½kyftm; aMumuf&GHUrI&SdcJhonf/
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 33
bef;acsmif;wGif owåKwGif;okH; x&yfum;BuD;rsm;aMumihf ,mOfrawmfrqrIrsm;ESihf
tEÅ&m,f&SdzkefrIefY npfnrf;rIrsm; jzpfay:aeonf/
34 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
owåKwGif;xGuftrIdufrsm;udk uGrf;acsmif;BuD;owåKwGif;wGif tpktykHvdkuf pGefYypfxm;onf/
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 35
trsm;aus;&Gm&Sd ausmufrD;aoG;ykHrS ausmufrD;aoG;rsm; avmifuRrf;aepOf/
36 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
owåKwGif;trIdufykHrsm;teD; upm;cJhonhf uav;wpfOD;\ vufay:wGif ta&jym;a&m*gjzpfvmykH/
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 37
Xmaewdkif;&if;om;rsm;\ tcGihfta&;rsm; csKd;azmufcH&jcif;
jrefrmEdkifiHonf ukvor*¾\ Xmaewdkif;&if;om;rsm;\tcGihfta&; (UNDRIP) udk 2007 ckESpfwGif
vufcu H sio fh ;Hk &ef oabmwlco hJ nf/ odYkaomfvnf; Edik if w
H umu vufcx H m;aom Xmaewdik ;f &if;om;rsm;\
tcGihfta&;taMumif;udk jrefrmEdkifiHwGif em;vnfoabmaygufolenf;vSNyD; jrefrmEdkifiH\ Oya'rsm;wGif
Xmaewdik ;f &if;om;rsm;\tcGit fh a&;udk xnho
f iG ;f todtrSwjf yKrI r&Sad y/ ,if;tpm; tpd;k &u wdik ;f &if;om;
8 rsKd;ESihf wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;rsm; odkYr[kwf wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;pk 135 pkudkom todtrSwfjyKxm;onf/
,if;odkY vlrsKd;pkrsm; pkzGJUowfrSwfxm;jcif;onf oabmxm;uGJjym;apNyD; tjiif;yGm;zG,f&mjzpfum
jrefrmEdik if \
H uGjJ ym;rI pkv
H if<u,f0vSonhf Xmaewdik ;f &if;om;rsm;udv k nf; ud, k pf m;rjyKay/ u&iftygt0if
wdik ;f &if;om;a'ocHtrsm;tjym;onf jynfwiG ;f wGif vTr;f rd;k rIr&Sjd cif;? ordik ;f aMumif;&Sjd cif;? bd;k bGm;pOfquf
e,fajrydkifqdkifrI&Sdjcif;ESihf rdrdudk,fudk todtrSwfjyKEdkifjcif; ponhftcsufrsm;udk tokH;jyKum EdkifiHwum
t,ltqudk tajccHxm;onf Xmaewdkif;&if;om;rsm;\ tcGihfta&;rlabmifudk ydkrdktokH;jyKvmMuonf/12
12
For more information on the state of indigenous rights in Myanmar, see the joint submission to the 23rd session of the UN Universal
Periodic Review, by the Coalition of Indigenous Peoples in Myanmar/Burma, March 2015.
38 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
bef;acsmif; ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfjcif;vkyfief;onf tjcm; ukvor*¾rSxkwfjyefaMunmonhf Xmae
wdkif;&if;rsm;\ tcGihfta&;rsm;pGmudkvnf; csKd;azmufcJhonf/ UNDRIP tyk'f 13 wGif azmfjyxm;onhf
a'ozGHUNzdK;rItwGuf a'ocHrsm;\ udk,fydkifOD;pm;ay;rIESihf r[mAsL[ma&G;cs,fydkifcGihfudk csKd;azmufum
a'ocH&Gmom;rsm;\ zGHUNzdK;a&;twGuf udk,fydkifvrf;a&G;cGihfudk owfrSwf&ef tcGihfta&;ray;cJhay/ owåK
ukrÜPDrsm;\ bef;acsmif;&Sd avxk? ajrxkESihf a&xknpfnrf;rIonf u&ifvlxk\ tjrihfqkH; usef;rma&;
tqihf cHpm;ydkifcGihf (tyk'f 24) ESihf olwdkY\ obm0ywf0ef;usifudk xdef;odrf; umuG,fydkifcGihf (tyk'f 29)
udk csKd;azmufonf/ txl;ojzihf bef;acsmif;&Sd u&ifajray:wGif owåKwGif;xGuf npfnrf;ajrpmrsm;
Oya'rJhpGefYypfrIESihf odkavSmifxm;rIonf UNDRIP tyk'f 29 udk csKd;azmufonf/13
bef;acsmif;onf xm;0,fc½dik t
f wGi;f ,if;Xmaewdik ;f &if;om;rsm;\ ,Ofaus;rI"avhrsm;udk usio fh ;Hk qJjzpfonhf
a'oESpfckwnf;&Sdonhfteuf wpfckjzpfonf/ ,if;aMumihf bef;acsmif; ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfjcif; vkyfief;
onf a'ocH&Gmom;rsm;\ toufarG;0rf;aMumif;vkHNcHKrIudk Ncdrf;ajcmuf½kHomru a'ocHrsm;\ ½dk;&mt&
ydkifqdkifonhf ajr,mudkyg xdef;odrf;apmihfa&SmufcGihf (tyk'f 24) ESihf ¤if;wdkY\ ,Ofaus;rI tarGtESpfESihf
,Ofaus;rI todrsm;udk xdef;odrf;? csKyfudkif? umuG,f zGHNzdK;cGihf (tyk'f 31) wdkYudk csKd;azmuf½kHomru
¤if;wdkY\ ,Ofaus;rIwpfckvkH;ESihf vlaerIb0udk zsufqD;&ef Ncdrf;ajcmufonf/
13
UNDRIP Article 29: “States shall take effective measures to ensure that no storage or disposal of hazardous materials shall take
place in the lands or territories of indigenous peoples without their free, prior and informed consent.”
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 39
uGrf;oD;ajcmuf xkwfvkyfrIvkyfief;pOfwGif ulnDaeonhf uav;rsm;
40 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
ed*kH;ESihf tBuHjyKcsufrsm;
bef;acsmif;&Sd ausmufr;D aoG;wl;azmfa&;vkyif ef;onf xm;0,f&dS obm0ywf0ef;usiEf iS fh a'otodik ;f t0dik ;f rsm;tm;
Ncdrf;ajcmufaeonhf tysufoabmaqmifaom zGHUNzdK;rIerlemwpfckjzpfonf/ xdvG,f&SvG,fonhf y#dyu©
a'owGif tpd;k &tkycf sKyfrt I m;enf;jcif;udk tcGi, fh ul m arzvm;0g;owåKukrP Ü ED iS fh ¤if;\ rdwzf ufrsm;onf
¤if;wdYk \ c½dek o D al X;tquftoG,rf sm;tok;H jyKum a'ocHXmaewdik ;f &if;om;rsm;\ qE´EiS q fh efYusifonhf
wm0ef,rl rI &Sad om pDru H ed ;f udk taumiftxnfazmfco hJ nf/ owåKw;l azmfjcif;ESifh vrf;azmufvyk jf cif;rsm;aMumihf
&Gmom;rsm;\ usef;rma&;? toufarG;0rf;aMumif;ESihf vkHNcHKa&;udk qdk;0g;pGmxdcdkufapcJhNyD; ,if;vkyfief;rsm;
qufvufwdk;csJUvkyfaqmifcGihfjyKygu ydkrdkqdk;0g;pGmxdcdkufrnf jzpfonf/ txl;ojzihf vlaygif; 10ç000
ausmftwGuf t"dua&t&if;tjrpfudk zsufqD;½kHomru rsKd;uGJpkHvifvSonhf ig;owå0grsm;udkyg ysufpD;
aprnhf bef;acsmif;ESifh weoFm&Djrpftqdyo f ihrf oI nf pd;k &drzf ,
G &f mjzpfonf/ þwm0ef,rl rI &So d nhpf rD u H ed ;f
onf a'ocHtodkif;t0dkif;ESihf obm0ywf0ef;usifudk qdk;0g;pGmxdcdkufap½kHomru bef;acsmif;&Sd u&if
vlxk\ vlaerIb0wpfckvkH;udkzsufqD;&ef Ncdrf;ajcmufNyD; a'ocH&Gmom;rsm;twGuf jrifomxifomonhf
aumif;usK;d vnf;ray;ay/ &Gmom;rsm;\use;f rma&;? toufarG;0rf;aMumif;? obm0ywf0ef;usi?f vkNH cHKa&;
ESifh vlaerIb0xdcu kd yf supf ;D aprIrsm;udk jyefvnfupk m;ay;&rnfjzpfonf/ bef;acsmif;&Sd arzvm;0g;ukrP Ü \D
vkyfydkifcGihfESihf vkyfief;rsm;udk pDrHudef;rsm;tm; jrefrmEdkifiH\ Oya'ESihf EdkifiHwum usio fh ;Hk rIrsm;ESifh
uduk n f aD tmifvu kd ef mapNyD; xda&mufpmG jyefvnfo;Hk oyf? apmihMf unhNf yD;onftxd &yfem;xm;&rnf/ a'ocH
&Gmom;rsm;tm; a'ozGHUNzdK;a&;twGuf ¤if;wdkYudk,fwdkifa&G;cs,fonhf vrf;aMumif;twdkif; aqmif&Guf&ef
tcGihfta&;ay;oihfonf/
14
awGUqkHar;jref;rI 1? bef;acsmif;a'o? Zlvkdif 2013
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 41
þtpD&ifcHpmu atmufygtcsufrsm;udk tBuHKjyKonf/
owåKwGif; 0efBuD;XmeodkY
jynfaxmifpktpdk;&ESihf weoFm&Dwdkif;a'oBuD;tpdk;&odkY
42 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
ppfrSefaom a&&SnfwnfwHhrIESihf wef;wlnDrIodkYa&S;½Ií txl;ojzihf pGrf;tifESihf owåKwGif;
u@ESihf ywfoufaeaom zGHUNzdK;a&;rl0g'rsm;udk jyefvnfokH;oyfjyifqifyg/
wdkuf½dkufxdcdkufcHpm;&rnhf a'ocHrsm;taejzihf vGwfvyfNyD; BudKwifod&SdydkifcGihf r&Edkifrnhf
wdkif;&if;om;a'orsm;wGif owåKwl;azmfcGihftwGuf cGihfjyKjcif;udk &yfwefYyg/ wnfNrJonhf
jidr;f csr;f a&;udk taumiftxnfazmfEikd o
f nftxd? owåKwiG ;f pDru
H ed ;f rsm;udk xdxad &mufa&muf
apmihfMunhfEdkifonftxd cGihfjyKcsuftopfrsm;ay;&ef apmihfqdkif;yg/
u&iftrsdK;om; tpnf;t½kH;odkY
bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015 43
npfnrf;rItusKd;&v'faMumihf usef;rma&;jyóemrsm; cHpm;ae&onhfolrsm;twGuf a&&Snf
use;f rma&;taxmuftyHEh iS fh toufarG;0rf;aMumif; taxmuftyHt
h ygt0if xdcu
kd cf pH m;&onhf
&Gmom;rsm;twGuf rQwonhf avsmfaMu;tjynhft0ay;jcif;jzihf wm0eftjynhf,lyg/
owåKwGif;vkyfief;aMumihf aemufxyftqdyfoihfrIudk umuG,f&efESihf owåKwGif;vkyfief;
vkyu
f ikd pf OfEiS fh vkyu
f ikd Nf yD;aemuf ajr,mudk ,ciftajctaetwdik ;f jyefjzpf&ef ukpm;ay;rnhf
tpDtpOfudk ukrÜPDESihf ¤if;\ pD;yGm;a&;rdwfzufrsm;u &Sif;jyyg/
ajr,modrf;qnf;rIudk a&Smif&Sm;NyD; tqdyfoihfapjcif;ESihf a'ocHwdkif;&if;om;rsm;\
ajr,mESihfywfoufNyD; y#dyu©jzpfaprIudk a&Smif&Sm;yg/
tpdk;&? pD;yGm;a&;rdwfzufrsm;ESihf tusdK;tjrwf cGJa0rIqdkif&mrsm;ESihf ywfoufonhf
tcsuftvufrsm;udk xkwfjyefyg/
owåKvyk if ef; pDru H ed ;f rsm;\ obm0 ywf0ef;usiEf iS fh vlraI &;qdik &f m xdcu
kd o
f ufa&mufrrI sm;udk
teD;uyfapmihMf unhNf yD; okawoejyKvkyu f m vlxek m;vnfoabmaygufvmatmif jyKvkyyf g/
xdkif;EdkifiHESihf tjcm;EdkifiHrS wm0efcHonhf &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrI jzpfay:vmatmifESihf jrefrmEdkifiHwGif
obm0ywf0ef;usifqdkif&m tkyfcsKyfrIydkrdkaumif;rGefvmatmif em;cspnf;½kH;vkyfaqmifyg/
44 bef;acsmif;ausmufrD;aoG;wl;azmfa&;tpD&ifcHpm 2015
‘
usnfqHawGudk aMumufvef ch hJzl;w,f?
tckawmh bl'dkZmawGudk aMumufae&NyD/
’
စစ္ခ႐ိုနီမ်ားႏွင့္ ထိုင္းကုမၸဏီတို႕၏ ညစ္ညမ္းေသာေက်ာက္မီးေသြးတြင္း
ဘန္းေခ်ာင္း၊ ထားဝယ္ခ႐ိုင္၊ ျမန္မာ
T k
Tarkapaw