TASK 1 Medium Span Structures

BAAR 3101 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 5 (STUDIO)
MEDIUM
SPAN
STRUCTURES
GROUP 8
17 OCT 2022
Introduction Timber structure
Table Of Concrete structure Bamboo structure
Content Steel structure Conclusion

Introduction
The span of the space frame structure refers to the
distance between the load-bearing structures at both
ends of the beam and the arch in the building, and the
distance between the centers of the two fulcrums.
Medium Span
Structure
Structures with span between 10 -15 meters are
regarded as Medium Span Structures.
Medium Span results in flexible, column free spaces.

To reduce substructure costs and time to erect the
structure. For Example: Exhibition halls, Storage
spaces, etc.
Short span structures
Short are structures with spans less

than 10 meters.
&
Long
Span Long span structures
are structures with spans larger
than 20 meters.
Concrete
Steel
Materials
Timber
Bamboo
BAAR 3101 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
5 (STUDIO)
CONCRETE
STUCTURE
Curro Durbanville
HIGHSCHOOL
This high school is located in Cape Town,
South Africa. The design aims to promote
learning through interaction with surrounding
environment. Therefore, the architect applied
the medium span structure in designing this
school, so that the building will be less
column. Hence, meeting the main objective of
this school, which is unlimited interaction
between the students and their surrounding.
The Art classroom opens into an

atrium that can be turned into a
gallery or exhibition area, The
conventional ‘school typology’
consisting of classrooms that are
framed by four walls was
challenged with the concept of
constant interaction between
spaces. The classes designed
specifically for the hybrid and
flexible use of each space.
SECTION
THE AREA THAT APPLIES THE

MEDIUM SPAN STRUCTURE IS THE
ART GALLERY/ATRIUM AREA. AS
SHOWN AS THE SECTION HERE, IT
CAN BE CLEARLY SEEN THAT THE
SPAN BETWEEN THE TWO COLUMN
IS RATHER SHORT OR LONG.
FLOOR PLANS
FLOOR PLAN
IN THIS 2 FLOOR PLANS, THE

MEDIUM SPAN IS CLEARLY
POTRAYED AS THE SPACE BELOW
IS LESS-COLUMN. SPACIOUS AREA
HAD BEEN PRODUCED WITH
LIMITED COLUMN.
The usage of flat slab can be seen here.

Flat slab thickened at its column
supports to increase its shear strength. It
is suitable for relatively heavy loads and
spans from 6 to 12m.
Also. the use of drop panels can be seen

to increase the shear strength of the
slab so that the slab will be more stiff
hence reduce deflection.
The Arcade
CONFERENCE CENTER
Located in Hangzhou, China, this conference
center is located at the dark basement of a
commercial mixed-use development.
Challenging the impossible, Superimpose
Architects had successfully transformed the
basement into a warm and pleasant
conference center that appeals to a young,
trendsetting customer.
This conference center applies

medium span concrete structure. It
can be seen in the picture,
specifically at the conference room
an auditorium. Therefore, more
spaces can be obtain as the spaces
are less-column. In addition, more
visitors can enter at a time.
SECTION
EVERY CONFERENCE ROOM RELIES
ON THE COLUMN ON THE FRONT
ENTRANCE .
FLOOR PLAN
THE BUILDING UTILIZE THE USE OF
MEDIUM SPAN. HENCE, MORE
SPACES AND UNINTERRUPTED
AREA SUCESSFULLY GAINED. ALSO
CAN BE SEEN IN THE FLOOR PLAN,
MORE PEOPLE ARE ALLOWED IN A
ROOM. PROVIDING A COMFY AND
GREAT WORKING SPACE.
The usage of flat slab, suitable for

medium span structure clearly
portrayed in the picture. the slab is thick,
and had been given extra support with
the presence of the drop panels and
column heads.
Also. the use of drop panels and
column heads can be seen to increase
the shear strength of the slab and
reduce moment by reducing the clear
span in.
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Simple formwork May have middle strip
Less-beam structure deflection
Cost effective Does not support long span,
Due to drop panel, no shear has span limitation
reinforcement are required
Offer flexibility in building
layout
5 (STUDIO)
STEEL
STUCTURE
CANTILEVER HOUSE
A two-story living and bedroom building with
exposed structural steel that is supported by a
"forest" of irregularly spaced columns that
adds to the impression that the building is
"floating. This steel structure is cantilevered
over a lower independent structure housing
an art gallery & cinema and is constructed of
off-form concrete and includes a green roof
garden and swimming pool.
SECTION OF THE
GROUND FLOOR PLAN LIVING ROOM
CANTILEVER HOUSE UTILIZES SHORT
AND MEDIUM SPAN STEEL STRUCTURE
THAT CAN BE SEEN IN THE FIGURE
FOCUSING AT LIVING ROOM SHOWS
THE USAGE OF MEDIUM SPAN TO
PROVIDE COLUMNESS AND VOID TO
THE SPACE NEEDED WHILE SHORT
SECTION X-X
SPAN APPLIED AT BEDROOM AND
KITCHEN.
3101 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 5 (STUDIO)
LIVING ROOM
THE USAGE OF MEDIUM SPAN IN LIVING ROOM
PURPOSELY TO MAKE THE SPACE "BREATHE" OR
LOOKS BIGGER.
BALCONY
UNLIKE LIVING ROOM, BALCONY DOES NOT
HAVE WALL, SO, THE SPACE WILL NOT BE
HAVING A COLUMN AT THE MIDDLE.
BEAM AND COLUMN

CONNECTION
CANTILEVER HOUSE USES BOLT TECHNIQUE TO
CONNECT BETWEEN BEAM AND COLUMN WHILE
STEEL CROSS BRACING IMPLEMENTED
BETWEEN COLUMNS.
THE WAREHOUSE
HOTEL
Three warehouses have been combined and
outfitted, starting a new lease of life as a 37-
room boutique hotel. The Hotel fronts the
Singapore River with a distinctive,
symmetrical façade and jacked roofs.
SECTION
SECTION X-X
THE WAREHOUSE HOTEL CONSISTS
THREE MAIN SPACES WHERE TWO OUT
OF THEM ARE ACCOMODATION AND A
LOBBY BETWEEN THEM. IT USES
MEDIUM SPAN STRUCTURE AT LOBBY
TO CREATE VOID. HOWEVER, THE
HOTEL USES SHORT SPAN STRUCTURE
FOR THE ACCOMODATION TO
SECTION Y-Y
SEPERATE ROOMS.
PORTAL FRAME
PORTAL FRAME IS NEW STRUCTURE FOR THIS
HOTEL. THIS FRAME WAS BUILT TO SUPPORT
NEW ADDITIONAL STRUCTURE LIKE ROOF AND
WALL. AS THE PICTURE SHOWN, THE FRAME IS
EXPOSED.
CONNECTION
HAUNCH JOINT ASSSISTS IN THE REDUCTION OF
DEFLECTION AND FACILITATE EFFICIENT RIGID
BOLTED CONNECTION BETWEEN COLUMN AND
RAFTER.
HOWE STEEL
TRUSS
THIS TRUSSES IS THE EXISTING STRUCTURE
BEFORE THE WAREHOUSE TURNS INTO A HOTEL.
THE TRUSSES TRANSFER THE LOAD TO A
CONCRETE BEAM WHICH THEY REST ON.
CONNECTION
Steel truss is anchored down to the concrete
chainage beam with a welded baseplate using
anchorage bolts on both sides of the bottom
chord. Stiffener plates are also used on both
sides of the bottom chord. Bottom truss chord is
connected with a moment resisting baseplate
detail on top of reinforced concrete.
DISADVANTAGE ADVANTAGE
HIGH MAINTENANCE QUICK AND FLEXIBLE ASSEMBLY

COST EFFECTIVE
HIGH EFFECTIVE AND DURABILITY
OPTIMAL DESIGN
5 (STUDIO)
TIMBER
STUCTURE
JACKSON HOLE
AIRPORT
The exposed timber elements are combined
with expansive glazing that offers panoramic
views of the nearby rocky landscape; while
weathered steel installed along parts of the
façade and interior walls contrast the
smoothness of the concrete floors and the
tactile qualities of the predominantly wood
building.
FLOOR PLAN
BASED ON THE FLOOR PLAN
THIS BUILDING MADE OF SHORT AND
MEDIUM SPAN STRUCTURE. THE HOLD
ROOM AND THE TICKETING HALL USE
MEDIUM SPAN STRUCTURE. THIS IS
BECAUSE TO MAKE THE SPACE MORE
FREE AND UNBLOCKED BY THE
COLUMN.
TICKETING HALL
THE LARGE SPACE THAT SUITABLE FOR

THE USER WHILE WAITING TO GET THE
TICKET WITHOUT BEING BLOCKED BY
THE COLUMN.
SECTION OF THE
TICKETING HALL
BASED ON THE SECTION OF TICKETING
HALL , IT SHOWS THAT THIS SPACE USE
TIMBER COLUMN AND TIMBER BEAM .
TIMBER BEAM
FOR THIS BUILDING , THE LOBBY AREA
THEY USE TIMBER COLUMN AND TIMBER
BEAM AS THE STRUCTURE. TO SUPPORT
THE GAB BETWEEN THE STRUCTURE ,
THEY USE THICKER TIMBER BEAM TO
SUPPORT THE ROOF
BECAUSE OF THE THICK TIMBER BEAM
BIG TIMBER COLUMN AND ADDITION
OF TENSILE NEEDED TO SUPPORT THE
LOAD OF THE THICK TIMBER BEAM
.
Tachikawa ANNEX
HOUSE
The exposed timber frame structure is
composed of the lower structure with two-
story posts, and the roof structure with 90 by
90 mm timber struts which, supporting the
purlins, shift in angles and form HP surfaces.
These two structures—the lower and the roof
—together with the intervening floor frame in
between create a unique and generous single
space on each level.
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN FLOOR PLAN

BASED ON THE FLOOR PLANS,
FIRST FLOOR USE SHORT SPAN
WHILE GROUND FLOOR HAVE
MEDIUM SPAN .THE
WAREHOUSE/STUDIO NEEDED
MUCH BIGGER SPACE WITHOUT
THE INTERUPTION OF ANY
STRUCTURE.
WAREHOUSE/STUDIO
THE WAREHOUSE/STUDIO COMPARE
TO OTHER SPACES NEEDED MUCH
BIGGER SPACES BECAUSE OF THE
LARGER AREA MADE THE WORK AT
THE STUDIO AND EASIER .THE AREA
CAN BE USE TO PLACE MORE
FURNITURE..
ROOF STRUCTURE
A truss is a structure comprising one or
more triangular units constructed with
straight (or nearly straight) members
the ends of which are connected at joints
referred to as nodes.
trusses are typically spaced at 5 to 12 m
centres, normally carrying purlins at 1.2 to
2.4 m spacings
and supporting corrugated sheeting.
Alternatively purlins are left out and
instead heavier corrugated sheeting is
applied
directly on the trusses.

FLOOR STRUCTURE
Able to bear big spaces, requires the use
of beams with large depths to meet the
requirements of the serviceability limit
state. In combination with a pre-stressing,
allows designing wooden structural floors
that are able to remain practically
horizontal in service load situations with
depths that are no greater than 1/30 of the
span. .

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Versatility and Durability Shrinkage and Swelling
-This material can be bent into -Timber is a natural material
its required shape, connected to and may shrink or swell as it has
another material and much more. the ability to absorb water.
Insulation Structural limitations.

-Timber can be great for -Can be difficult to achieve
insulation on buildings, whether relying on wood frame
that is sound or heat. construction.
5 (STUDIO)
BAMBOO
STUCTURE
The Arc at Green

School
The Arc at Green School uses bamboo
material for the shelter or roof because the
space inside the shelter is used for some
sports activities such as basketball and yoga
for the students. It also became a place for
students to gather . The bamboo structure is
built using the combination of long span
structure and medium span structure.
Bamboo
medium
Span
Structure
The red circle in the picture is the
base of the medium span structure.
It is use for every end of the
structure. Bamboo is usually uses for
long span and medium span
structure because of the lightweight
FLOOR PLAN
materials.

The structure inside the

red line is the medium
span structure. The span
is 12328 mm which is
located at every end of
the structure
SHORT SECTION
FOUNDATION
STRUCTURE
The foundation used for the medium span
structure is Pedestal Foundation with
sloped footing. The foundation is smaller
than the long span foundation.
Connection
between Bamboo
arches to Concrete
footing
COLUMN
STRUCTURE
Arches bundle 4 pangkal Blonde Bar.

-Curve Column that support the
composite roof
The Roof used for this structure is ROOF

Double Split Kulit Grid Shell
STRUCTURE
(35 mm). It is composite materials
that contain wood as a main
material.
The grid shell structure that

is installed to the bamboo
arches, hold the composite
Roof of the structure
Advantages of Grid Shell Roof

for medium span structure
Lightweight materials
Strong Structure
Disadvantages
Limited material amount
Best material for medium span structure
TIMBER STEEL
Simplicity of Can absorb a lot of

construction. energy
Sustainability. Good ductility
Need less column to Need less column to be
be a structure a structure
Versatility and Lightweight
Durability Flexible
Flexible
Concrete has poor tensile strength and need more columns.

Bamboo is good for medium span structure but the amount of the material is low.
5 (STUDIO)
THANK
YOU

TASK 1 Medium Span Structures

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BAAR 3101 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 5 (STUDIO)

Introduction Timber structure

Table Of Concrete structure Bamboo structure

Content Steel structure Conclusion

Medium Span results in flexible, column free spaces.

Short span structures

Short are structures with spans less

The Art classroom opens into an

THE AREA THAT APPLIES THE

IN THIS 2 FLOOR PLANS, THE

The usage of flat slab can be seen here.

Also. the use of drop panels can be seen

This conference center applies

The usage of flat slab, suitable for

BEAM AND COLUMN

HIGH MAINTENANCE QUICK AND FLEXIBLE ASSEMBLY

THE LARGE SPACE THAT SUITABLE FOR

GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN FLOOR PLAN

BAAR 3101 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 5 (STUDIO)

BAAR 3101 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 5 (STUDIO)

Insulation Structural limitations.

The Arc at Green

BAAR 3101 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 5 (STUDIO)

The structure inside the

Arches bundle 4 pangkal Blonde Bar.

The Roof used for this structure is ROOF

The grid shell structure that

Advantages of Grid Shell Roof

Simplicity of Can absorb a lot of

Concrete has poor tensile strength and need more columns.

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