REINFORCED CONCRETE

FRAME
Lecture by: Nik Norzahariah Ashikin N.Mohamed
Components of Framed
Building Structure

¨ The vertical elements are

the columns.
¨ The horizontal bands are
the beams
Materials of Construction
¨ Most of the framed buildings are constructed in RCC.
RCC is the short form for Reinforced Cement Concrete.
¨ RCC is a composite material that is it is made of
concrete + steel.
¨ Concrete is obtained by mixing cement, sand, small
stone chips, water in required proportion.
¨ Steel used is called reinforcement. They are round in
shape and can be plain or twisted as per requirement.
¨ Reinforcement takes care of the weaknesses the
concrete has and hence results in economical composite
material.
RCC FRAME construction

Upper floor slab

floor beam / joist

beam

column
Methods of Measurement
¨ CONCRETE (SECTION F)
¨ GENERAL

1. Reinforced work shall be described – F.1.2

2. Quality of materials, testing that required and
mixing of concrete shall be described – F.1.1
3. Example:
Reinforced in-situ concrete Grade 20 in isolated
column.
Methods of Measurement
Element: Reinforced Concrete Frame
Element components:
1. Column
2. Beam

Taking-off list: (refer SMM2 clauses)

¨ Concreting – m3 (Sect. F.1-3)

¨ Formwork – m / m2 (Sect. F.10-16)

¨ Reinforcement – kg/m (Sect. F.8-9)

Column
¨ Concrete shall be given in cubic metres (m3)
(F.3.1). The volume of concrete= length x width x
height. Column height shall be measured from top
of lower beam through upper slab to upper beam.
Column
¨ Isolated columns is a column when their length on
plan does not exceed four times their thickness
(F.3.15). If exceed, it consider as concrete wall.
Beam
¨ Concrete shall be given in cubic metres (m3)
(F.3.1). The volume of concrete= length x width x
height. Where the length = in between
column/beam
¨ Secondary beam measured up to sides of main
beam.
Beam
¨ Concrete to beam

Depth/
height
Methods of Measurement
¨ FORMWORK
¨ GENERAL

1. SMM2 Clause F.10

2. Shall be measured to the surfaces of the finished
structure which requires to be temporarily supported
during the deposition of the concrete (F.10.3).
3. No deduction shall be made for void not exceeding
1.00m3 – F.10.4
4. Description:
Formwork to sides of isolated column.
Column
¨ Formwork to column shall be given in square metres
(M2) (F.15.1) and formwork to ends of members
shall be deemed to be included with the items
(F.15.5). Formwork = perimeter/girth of column x
height
¨ No deductions shall be made for beam intersections
(F.15.4).
Beam
¨ Formwork to sides and soffit measured together in
square metres (m2) – F.14
¨ Formwork shall be classified as

a. Horizontal.
b Sloping not exceeding 15° from horizontal.
c. Sloping over 15° from horizontal (F.14.1).
¨ Description:

Formwork to sides and soffit of horizontal beam

Beam
¨ Formwork to beam
Beam
¨ Formwork to secondary beams shall be measured
up to the sides of main beams, but no deduction
shall be made from the formwork of the main beam
where the secondary beam intersects it (F.14.3).
Beam
¨ Beam intersection
Bar Reinforcement
¨ F.8.1 – The particulars of the reinforcement shall be
given
¨ F.8.2 – Bar reinforcement shall be given in Kg or
Tonne stating the diameter.
¨ F.8.4 Classification of bar reinforcement (Columns &
Beams – F.8.4.J)
¨ F.8.4.6 – Horizontal bars –bars sloping not more
than 30⁰ from horizontal.
¨ F.8.4.7 – Vertical bars – bars sloping more than 30⁰
from horizontal.
Methods of Measurement
1.25 M

0.30 M GIVEN,
CONCRETE COVER = 25MM

Length 1.250
Less 6Y20
Concrete cover 2/0.025 0.050
1.200
Add
Bend 2/0.30 0.600
Less
Concrete cover 2/2/0.025 0.050
1.750
CONVERT THE QUANTITY USING CONVERSION TABLE/REBAR SCHEDULE

0.006167 x D2