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Reference I
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NBSIR 76-1109
Sanford C. Adier
June 1976
Prepared for
OCT 2 5 1982
NBSIR 76-1109
not D^C^L-
Sanford C. Adier
June 1976
Prepared for
Acknow edgment
I
i i
I . I ntroduction I
A. Objective
B. Summary of Findings
C. Survey Procedure
1 . D rector ies
i
Report Format 2
I . Types of Tests
2. Summary Description of Test Methods
1 . State Codes
2. State Regulations
3. State Glazing Laws
4. FHA Minimum Property Standards
5. Mobile Home Standard
Tab es
I
Commission.
ii
.
I ntroduct ion
A . Object ve
i
B. Summary of Findings
C . Survey Procedure
Report Format
C. Test Methods
1 . Types of Tests
3
b) Title
g) Comments
1 . State Codes .
2. State Regulations .
The CSGC standard was reviewed by the Commission staff, and changes
were made to convert the recommended standard to a performance
standard (to the degree practicable) and to modify certain procedures.
This activity was completed in early 1976 and a proposed safety standard
for architectural glazing materials was published in the Federal
Register on February II, 1976. Subject to changes which might be
affected as a result of public review, the standard will become
effective August 10, 1976. The standard is basically an extensive
revision of ANSI Z97. 1-1972.
5
. .
TABLE I
Dl. (ANSI) American National Standards Lists ANSI, ISO, I EC, CEE,
Institute 1974 Catalog , Published COPANT and other standards,
by ANSI, New Yorl<, N.Y. specifications and recommendations.
Includes ISO and EC cross-
I
D2. 1974 Annual Book of ASTM Standards Contains all current ASTM standard
Part 17; Published by American and tentative test methods, defi-
Society for Testing and Materials nitions, recommended practices,
Phi ade ph ia. Pa
I I classifications, specifications,
proposed methods and other related
mater a i I
D4. British Standards Yearbool^ 1973, , Lists all British standards and
British Standards Institution other BS publications in effect
I
6
Table I (continued)
7
Table I (continued)
DI4. (SABS) South African Bureau of Complete through December 31, 1972,
Standards Yearbook, 1975 Published
, this annual publication lists all
by the Council of the South African standard specifications, codes of
Bureau of Standards, Pretoria, practice, and standard test methods
South Africa. approved by the SABS Council.
D 5.
I (SANZ) Standards Association Published annually, includes all
New Zea land ndex, 1974, Published
I standards in national use as of
by SANZ, Wellington, New Zealand January 31, 1974. Contains
numerical cross-references to
foreign standards declared or
endorsed for use in New Zealand.
D 6.
1 Tabulation of Voluntary Standards Lists over 700 product areas and
and Certification Programs for 1,000 standards titles covering
Consumer Products , NBS Technical products in and around the home.
Note 762, March 1973, Sophie J. The product areas are based on
Chumas, Editor. U.S. Dept. of those developed for the NEISS.
Commerce, NBS, Washington, D.C. Voluntary national, international
and industrial standards are
included and information on type of
standard (safety, performance) and
certification programs is also provided.
8
TABLE 2
9
1
Table 2 (Continued)
Case postale 56
CH-I2I Geneva 20
I
SWI Steel Window Institute
Switzerland 2130 Keith Bui Iding
Cleveland, Ohio 44 5 I I
10
TABLE 3
8. ANSI A119. 1-1972 Mobile Homes: Body and Frame Design and
Construction Requirements and the Installation
of Plumbing, Heating and Electrical Systems
(NFPA No. 501B-1971)
9. ANSI A134. 1-1972 Specifications for Aluminum Windows 19,25,32,33
10. ANSI A134. 2-1972 Specifications for Aluminum Sliding 19,25,32,33
Glass Doors
11. ANSI A134. 3-1972 Specifications for Aluminum Combination 19,25.32,33
Vertically-Sliding or Horizontally-
Operating Storm Windows for External
Application
12. ANSI A134. 4-1972 Specifications for Aluminum Storm Doors 19,25,32.33
13. ANSI SE4. 5-1972 Burglary Resisting Glazing Material 11,12,15
'Includes only test methods related to the safety of architectural glazing produc
11
Identification No. Title Test Methods
14. ANSI Z26. 1-1973 Safety Glazing Materials for Glazing 1,5,7,9,10,13,14,18,
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land 20,21,22
Highways, Safety Code for, including
Supplement Z26.1a-1973
20. ASTM C 598-72 Test for Annealing Point and Strain Point
of Glass by Beam Bending
25. BOCA International The BOCA Basic Building Code, Section 858.46 19,32,33
1970
12
Identification No. Title Test Methods
97 TP 1 SI 1957
9ft rp IS? 1Q72 VJXCL^Ci XLlg dilU. f X AXlig IJX ^XCIOO J-L/I. IJ UiXXU XLigO
34. BS 3925 1965 Toughened Safety Glass for Ships, Windows 23,30
40. CGSB 12-GP-9 1972 Glass, Spandrel, for Building Construction 24,30
41. CGSB 12-GP-lO 1972 Glass, Light and Heat Reflecting, for
Building Construction
13
Identification No. Title Test Methods
Department of Commerce
Department of Defense
The commercial standards listed here are being withdrawn. For standards
covering these products, see those issued by the National Woodwork Manufacturers
Association.
14
Identification No. Title Test Methods
58. FGMA XYZl 1965 Acrylic Plastic Panels Used for Commercial
Glazing
60. FHA #300 1966 Minimum Property Standards for One and 5
Two Family Living Units, (and 55 revisions)
Section 711 (Revised in 1973)
69. GTA 65-5-13 1966 Tempered Glass for Use in Appliances 27,30
15
Identification No. Title Test Methods
72. GTA XYZ2 1966 Tempered Glass for Telephone Booths 3,27
83. SAE J938 (1968) Drop Test for Evaluating Laminated Safety 13
Glass for Use in Automotive Windshields
16
Identification No. Title Test Method
State Governments
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23
IV. List of Test Methods Described in This Report
LOAD Tests ^
Other Tests
24
;
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways. (Test No. 6)
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
Not more than two of the twelve specimens may crack or break as a
result of this impact.
25
.
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE :
TEST CRITERIA ;
(b) For tempered glass - Not mere than three specimens, wheii five
are tested, shall fracture.
26
.
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
Randomly selected sheets are used in the impact test. The specimen
to be tested is placed horizontally on a rectangular wooden frame
and a 1 pound ball is dropped so as to strike the glass with approximately
five foot pounds of energy.
TEST CRITERIA ;
27
4. IMPACT TEST (Breakage /I 18 lb. Ball
. - 4.3 ft /Tempered)
.
PURPOSE :
REFERENCE :
PROCEDURE :
TEST CRITERIA :
28
5. IMPACT TEST (Fragments/ 1/2 lb. Ball - 11 ft . /Tempered)
PURPOSE:
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways. (Test No. 7) See also
standards nos. 32, 35 and 60 on list.
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
29
6. IMPACT TEST (Breakage/ 1/2 lb. Ball - 7, 9, 12 ft . /Tempered)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
30
;
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways. (Test No. 13)
PROCEDURE
TEST CRITERIA ;
The impact may produce cracks in the plastic; not more than two
of the specimens shall break into separate large pieces, nor
shall more than two of the remaining specimens develop a fracture
which can be described as a hole through the body of the specimen^
31
,
.
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
COMMENTS ;
32
.
9. IMPACT TEST (Fragments/ 1/2 lb. Ball - 30 ft. /Multiple Glazed Unit)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways. (Test No. 14)
PROCEDURE ;
A 1/2 pound steel ball is dropped repeatedly from 30 feet onto the
center of a horizontally mounted specimen 12" x 12" at a temperature
between 70°F and 85°F until all component layers are damaged. If
necessary, the weight of the ball or the height of the drop may be
increased
TEST CRITERIA ;
33
10. IMPACT TEST (Penetration/ 1/2 lb. Ball - 30 ft . /Lamina ted^
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for
Glazing Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways. <Test No. 12)
See also standard #55.
PROCEDURE :
A 1/2 pound steel ball is dropped once from 30 feet onto the
center of a horizontally mounted 12" x 12" specimen at a temperature
between 70°F and 85°F. Twelve specimens are stuck on the side
of the specimen which would be glazed to the outside^
TEST CRITERIA ;
The impact may produce a large number of cracks in the glass; not
more than two of the specimens may break into separate large
pieces. In no more than two of the remaining specimens shall the
ball produce a hole or fracture at any location in the specimen
through which the ball will pass.
34
11. IMPACT TEST (Penetration/5 lb. Ball - 8 ft. /All)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA :
The steel ball shall not penetrate the glazing material on any one
of the five impacts on 9 of the 10 samples tested. Penetration
occurs when the ball passes completely through the glazing material^
35
12. IMPACT TEST (Penetration/5 lb. Ball - 10 ft. /All-Temp Range)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE:
PROCEDURE :
TEST CRITERIA :
The steel ball shall not penetrate the glazing material on any one
of the five impacts on 9 of the 10 samples tested. Penetration
occurs when the ball passes completely through the glazing material.
36
13. IMPACT TEST (Penetration/5 lb. Ball - 12 ft . /Lamina ted)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing Motor
Vehicles Operating on Land Highways (Test No. 26). See also
standards 32, 55 and 83,
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
The ball may not pass through more than two of the specimens within
5 seconds after impact. Cracks in the glass, tears in the reinforcing
interlayer material, or a substantial permanent deformation in the
shape of the specimen is not reason for failure.
37
;
PURPOSE:
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways (Test No. 29).
PROCEDURE
TEST CRITERIA ;
38
15. IMPACT TEST (Penetration/5 lb. Ball - 40 ft. /All)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE :
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
The steel ball shall not penetrate the glazing material. Penetration
occurs when the ball passes completely through the glazing material.
39
16. IMPACT TEST (Delamina tion/ 1/2 lb. Ball-Breakage Height/Laminated)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
40
1 7. IMPACT TEST (Breakage-Fragments /II lb. Bag - 4 ft . /Lamina ted- Tempered)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE :
PROCEDURE :
TEST CRITERIA ;
For laminated glass - The specimen glass may crack and lose its
rigidity but no single detached fragment may exceed 1 gram in weight.
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways. (Test No
8)
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA :
Not more than one specimen may crack or break as a result of the
impact
42
.
PURPOSE :
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
The glazing material passes the test if each of four specimens meets
any one of the following criteria;
(4) The specimen remains intact after one 48-inch drop test,
though not necessarily remaining within the frame.
43
;
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways. (Test No. 11)
PROCEDURE
TEST CRITERIA;
The dart may crack the glass and may puncture the test
specimen and
small particles may disengage themselves from both sides of
the
specimen at and immediately around the point of impact, but
no loose
or detached pieces shall leave any area of the
specimen exclusive
of the area punctured by the dart. The glass on adjacent sides of each
crack extending from the area punctured by the dart must be
held in
place by the reinforcing or strengthening material, and no
glass shall
be freed from reinforcing or strengthening material
for a distance
greater than 1-1/2 inches from a crack.
44
.
PURPOSE :
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for
Glazing Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways (Test No. 10).
PROCEDURE:
TEST CRITERIA ;
The dart may crack or puncture the test specimen but not more than
one specimen shall break into separate large pieces.
45
.
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
ANSI Z26. 1-1966 (R-1973) Safety Code for Glazing Materials for Glazing
Motor Vehicles Operating on Land Highways (Test No. 9). See
also standard no. 55.
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
The dart may crack the glass and may puncture the test specimen.
However, the hole so produced must not be sufficiently large to
permit passage of the body of the dart completely through the specimen.
Small particles may disengage themselves from both sides of the
specimen at and immediately around the point of the impact, but no
loose or detached pieces may leave any area of the specimen exclusive
of the area punctured by the dart. The glass on adjacent sides of
each crack extending from the area punctured by the dart must be
held in place by the reinforcing or strengthening material, and no
glass shall be freed from reinforcing or strengthening material for a
distance greater than 1-1/2 inches from a crack. Spalling of the
outer glass surface opposite the point of impact and adjacent to
the area of impact is not to be considered a failure. Not more than
one specimen shall break into separate large pieces.
46
23. LOAD TEST (Breakase/Punch-Load to Max/Tempered)
PURPOSE :
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE:
TEST CRITERIA :
47
24. LOAD TEST (Breakage /Vacuum Load to Break/Spandrel)
PURPOSE:
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA :
The average load strength of the eight samples tested shall meet the
minimum value in Table 3 of the standard.
48
2 5. LOAD TEST (Breakage/Air Pressure Difference to Max or Break/All)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE :
PROCEDURE :
TEST CRITERIA ;
49
.
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE :
PROCEDURE :
TEST CRITERIA ;
COMMENTS :
See also PPG Technical Service Report No. 101 for wind velocity
equivalents of various loads.
50
27. PUNCH TEST (Fragments /Spring-Loaded Punch/Tempered)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
No crack- free particle taken from the specimen at any place, except
from an area of 2" radius about the center punch mark, shall weigh
more than 4.5 grams.
COMMENTS ;
51
2 8. STRESS TEST (Modulus of Rupture /Single Bend/All)
PURPOSE:
REFERENCE ; ,
PROCEDURE :
Specimens having cut edges shall be broken with the cutter marks on
the side under compression. The permissible initial load shall not
exceed that corresponding to a stress of approximately 4000 psi.
The specimen shall be bent until fractured under a constant loading
rate such that the rate of increase of stress is 10,000 ± 1,000 psi
per min. No specimen may be rejected during test because of low
flexural strength.
TEST CRITERIA:
The maximum, minimum and average of the modulus of rupture for each
group of similar specimens is recorded along with the values of the
stress due to the initial load, and the rate of increase of stress.
52
,
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE:
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
(2) The stress in pounds per square inch to which each specimen was
subjected and the number of cycles of stress required to break the
specimen
(3) The constant stress at which the specimens were subjected to the
flexure stress cycle.
COMMENT ;
53
3 0. NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST (Internal Stress/Polarlscope/Tempered)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
,
.
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA;
COMMENTS
54
31. HARDNESS TEST (Hardness /Knoop Indentation/Tempered)
PURPOSE ;
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
Not applicable.
COMMENTS ;
55
(
32. BOIL TEST (De lamina t ion/Boi 1 ing Water - 2 hrs /Laminated)
.
PURPOSE:
REFERENCE :
PROCEDURE :
TEST CRITERIA :
56
3 3. WEATHERING TEST (Strength Loss /Carbon-Arc Lamp-2000 hrs /Plastic )
.
PURPOSE :
REFERENCE ;
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA ;
57
ELASTICITY (Young's Modulus-Shear Modulus-Poisson Ratio/Vibration/
3 4.
Ain
's
^
TITLE : TEST FOR YOUNG'S MODULUS /SHEAR MODULUS /POISSON 'S RATIO
PURPOSE :
REFERENCE ;
ASTM Test Method C-623 Tentative Method of Test for Young's Modulus,
Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio for Glass and Glass-Ceramics by
Resonance.
PROCEDURE ;
TEST CRITERIA :
Not applicable.
58
APPENDIX
ANNEALED GLASS
ARCHITECTURAL GLAZING
(b) windows
COATED GLASS
LAMINATED GLASS
PLASTIC
59
Appendix, continued
SAFETY GLAZING
TEMPERED GLASS
60
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BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA No.
SHEET NBSIR 76-1109
4, TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. Publication Date
12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Complete Address (Street, City, State, ZIP) 13. Type of Report & Period
Covered
Consumer Product Safety Commission Final
5401 Westbard Ave.
14. Sponsoring Agency Code
Bethesda, Maryland 20014
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less factual summary of most significant information. If document includes a significant
bibliography or literature survey, mention it here.)
17. KEY WORDS (six to twelve entries; alphabetical order; capitalize only the first letter of the first key word unless a proper
name; separated by semicolons
Architectural glazing; codes; Consumer Product Safety
Committee; Consumer Safety
Glazing Committee; glazing; impact tests; safety
glazing; state law; standards
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