NAME: Muhammad Saad Saleem

SECTION: ME-12B
CMS ID: 336893

LAB NO 08
TITLE:
Introduction to transfer functions in MATLAB.

OBJECTIVES:
 To learn how to create transfer function with MATLAB.
 To learn how to find poles and zeros of transfer function using MATLAB.
 To learn how to plot poles and zeros on pole-zero map using MATLAB.

SOFTWARE USED:
1. MATLAB.

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND:
INTRODUCTION TO MATLAB:
MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It integrates
computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use environment where
problems and solutions are expressed in familiar mathematical notation. The name
MATLAB stands for matrix laboratory. MATLAB was originally written to provide easy
access to matrix.
CONTROL SYSTEM:
A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices
or systems using control loops.
OPEN LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM:
Open-loop system, also referred to as non-feedback system, is a type of continuous control
system in which the output has no influence or effect on the control action of the input
signal.
CLOSED LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM:
A closed loop control system is a mechanical or electronic device that automatically
regulates a system to maintain a desired state or set point without human interaction.
TRANSFER FUNCTION:
The transfer function of a control system is the ratio of Laplace transform of output to that
of the input while taking the initial conditions, as 0. Basically, it provides a relationship
between input and output of the system.
 NAME: Muhammad Saad Saleem
SECTION: ME-12B
CMS ID: 336893

POLES AND ZEROS:

The frequencies for which the values of denominator and nominator become zero in a
transfer function are called Poles and Zeros. Poles and Zeros analyze the performance of a
system and check the stability. The values of Poles and Zeros control the working of a
system.

Figure 1: Block representation of open and closed loop control system

PARACTICE EXERCISES:
EXERCISE NO 01:
Create the following transfer functions in MATLAB using all three methods:

The three methods to obtain the transfer function are

By using equation

By using coefficients
clc
clear all
h = tf(7,[1 5 10])
g = tf(15, [1 21 110])
 NAME: Muhammad Saad Saleem
SECTION: ME-12B
CMS ID: 336893

k = tf([1 3],[1 11 12 18])

BY USING POLE ZERO GAIN

To find Zeros
Numerator = 0
Here gain is 7 and s = 0, zero is at the origin
To find poles
Denominator = 0
S2 + 5s + 10 = 0
It has imaginary roots
We use command ZPK
syntax: zpk([zeros],[poles],gain)
 NAME: Muhammad Saad Saleem
SECTION: ME-12B
CMS ID: 336893

CODE:

OUTPUT:
EXERCISE NO 02:
Find the poles and zeros of above-mentioned transfer functions and display it on output
screen.
CODE:
OUTPUT:
EXERCISE NO 03:
Plot the pole and zeros of above-mentioned transfer functions on separate pole-zero maps.
CODE:
OUTPUT:

CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION:

(Note: Add conclusions and discussion about what you had been achieved during this
lab.)