3D MODEL OF PROJECT

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SHELL & TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

Introduction
Shell and tube type heat exchangers can be found in many industries. This type of
heat exchanger are the most common heat exchangers used in the industrial
engineering world today.

Parts
A shell and tube heat exchanger consists of a series of tubes housed within a
cylindrical container known as a ‘shell’. All tubes within the shell are collectively
termed a ‘tube bundle’ or ‘tube stack’.
How Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers Work
The flowing medium within the tubes is known as the ‘tube side’ medium. The
flowing medium outside of the tubes is known as the ‘shell side’ medium. Each
medium has one entry and one discharge. Total 4 Connection.

The tube side fluid flows through the tubes and has turbulent flow due to the
turbulators.
A turbulator is a device which is inserted on the tube side of firetube boilers, shell & tube
heat exchangers, which create and maintain the turbulent flow and increase the tube side
heat transfer efficiency.

The shell side fluid has turbulent flow due to the baffles.

These gaps are due to baffles that helps to create turbulent flow.
A baffle is designed to support tube bundles and direct the flow of fluids for maximum
efficiency. Which also help to maintain the turbulent flow

As the shell and tube side fluids flow through the heat exchanger, they are brought
into close physical contact with each other. Close physical contact allows them to
exchange heat, because they have thermal contact with each other.
Heat is exchanged with one fluid becoming cooler and the other becoming warmer.

Example

The shell and tube heat exchanger is split into two main systems,
referred to as the shell side and tube side. Each system has one
associated flowing medium. In our example, we will assume the shell side
contains hot mineral oil that must be cooled, whilst the tube side contains
cooling water.

The cooling water enters the heat exchanger and flows through the tubes.
The mineral oil enters the heat exchanger and flows in the shell
surrounding the tubes. The two fluids do not mix as the wall of the tubes
prevents this. Because the fluids do not directly mix, indirect
cooling occurs (not direct cooling).
WE ARE PLANNING TO DESIGN THE MULTI PASS HEAT EXCHANGER
WHICH AGAIN CAN BE DONE BY TWO METHODS -

ONE IS THIS AND THE OTHER IS –

BUT THIS IS COMPLEX SYSTEM COMPARE TO THE PREVIOUS
ONE.