Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A Skripsi
By:
Ahmad Darussalam
1112014000007
All praise and gratitude be to Allah, the Almighty, for giving the writer
strength, knowledge, ability, guidance and His showers of blessings to finish the
research study. Peace and blessings be upon Prophet Muhammad PBUH and on
his family, all of his Companions, and his followers.
It is such an honour for the writer to accomplish this skripsi entitled “The
Influence of Total Physical Response Method on Students’ Reading Ability of
Procedure Text” (A Quasi-experimental Study at the Ninth Grade of MTs Ma’arif
Sabilul Huda Bogor in the Academic Year 2018/2019). Then, this skripsi is a
scientific paper submitted to the Department of English Education as one of the
requirements for the Degree of S.Pd. (S-1).
In this opportunity, the writer would like to express his special appreciation,
honour and sincere gratitude to his beloved parents Mr. Risman Suwandi, S.Pd.
and Mrs. Siti Mukhlisinah, S.Pd. for giving their pray, guidance, love, motivation
and support all the time without getting tired to hold the writers’ need in order to
finish his study. Also, the special appreciation and great gratitude is addressed to
the writer’s beloved brothers and sisters, Ats-Tsauratul Maimanah, S.Pd., Ats-
Tsauratus Salamah, Ahmadinejad Khadafi and Ats-Tsauratus Sultoh who always
give their pray, support and laughter which is always motivated the writer in
finishing his study.
Then, the writer would also like to address his thank and great appreciation to
his research advisors, Dr. Ratna Sari Dewi, M.Pd., and Zaharil Anasy, M.Hum.,
for all their valuable guidance, help, advice, correction, motivation, trust, and a lot
of patience during the whole process in accomplishing this skripsi.
Moreover, the writer also realizes that he will never finish his skripsi without
the help and contribution of people around him. Therefore, the sincere gratitude
and appreciation would also be addressed to:
v
1. Dr. Sururin, M.Ag., as the Dean of Faculty of Educational Sciences, Syarif
Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta.
2. Dr. Alek, M.Pd., as the Head of Department of English Education.
3. Zaharil Anasy, M.Hum., as the Secretary of Department of English
Education.
4. Neneng Sunengsih, M.Pd., as the Advisor of Class A in academic year
2012/2013.
5. All lecturers in the Department of English Education for the precious
knowledge, motivation and inspiration to the writer during his study at Syarif
Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta.
6. Romli, S.Pd., as the Headmaster of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda for giving
permission to the writer to conduct the research.
7. Muhammad Ikbal, S.Pd., as the English teacher of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda
for all sincere help, time and guidance.
8. The students of IX-B and IX-C class for the willingness and contribution to
be the participants in the study.
9. His big family who always give their pray, advice, support, love and
motivation to the writer to finish his study.
10. All teachers of PPT Al-Istiqomah Sukabumi for giving their support and
inspiration to the writer.
11. The writer’s closest friends, Andi Nur Hidayat, S.Pd., Mevin Erza Mafazi,
S.Pd., Ahmad Gojali Sahlan, S.Pd., Maulana Yusup Irwansyah, S.Pd., and
Saktiwan Temas, S.Peng. for their support, motivation, help, friendship,
laughter and happiness during seven years.
12. All friends of DEE A 2012 for the great friendship during seven years,
especially for Nur Millah Mutsliah, S.Pd. and Akira Puteri, S.Pd., for their
support and motivation during the hard time in order to start this final mission
of the study.
13. All friends of Al-Istiqomah Islamic Boarding School 2012 for the great
experience in the story of the writer’s life and never ending friendship.
vi
14. All friends of IMM Ciputat, especially Belati 12 for the great friendship and
never ending humour.
15. All friends of Zona Family, especially Ammar Zaki Siregar, S.H., Arif
Matondang, S.Pd. for the togetherness during finishing this study.
16. Everyone who has helped and contributed in finishing this skripsi and whose
names cannot be mentioned one by one.
Finally, the words are not enough to say many appreciations for their pray,
support and contribution in this skripsi. May Allah always bless them in the world
and hereafter. Moreover, the writer realizes that this skripsi is far from perfect. It
is a great pleasure for the writer to receive critics and suggestions in developing
this research. Hopefully, this skripsi may be useful and give advantages for further
research.
Ahmad Darussalam
vii
ABSTRACT
AHMAD DARUSSALAM (1112014000007). The Influence of Total Physical
Response Method on Students’ Reading Ability of Procedure Text (A Quasi-
experimental Study at the Ninth Grade Students of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul
Huda Bogor in the Academic Year 2018/2019). A Skripsi of Department of
English Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, State Islamic University of
Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2019.
Advisor I : Dr. Ratna Sari Dewi, M.Pd.
Advisor II : Zaharil Anasy, M.Hum.
Keywords : Total Physical Response, Reading Ability, Procedure Text
The aim of this study is to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of using
total physical response method on students’ reading ability of procedure text at the
ninth grade of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda Bogor. The method applied in this study
was quantitative method that is dealing with quasi-experimental design. The
sample of this study was the students of grade IX-B consisting of 25 students as
an experiment class and the students of grade IX-C consisting of 25 students as a
control class. The experiment class was taught by using TPR method while the
control class was taught without using TPR method. The data was collected
through pre-test and post-test. The data analysed was gained through reading test.
The data of the tests were then calculated by using t-test with significance level of
5% (0.05). The t-test was done by calculating the gained scores between pre-test
and post-test in both classes showing that the t0 in gained scores (1.6837) is higher
than the ttable (1.6772) with df=25 in the significance level of 5% (0.05).
Therefore, the t0 result > ttable which means that the H0 (null hypothesis) is rejected
and Ha (alternative hypothesis) is accepted. The effect size calculation was 0.48
where the range of effect criteria includes to the modest effect. Thus, it can be
concluded that total physical response method has modest effect on students’
reading ability of procedure text at the ninth grade of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda
Bogor.
viii
ABSTRAK
AHMAD DARUSSALAM (1112014000007). Pengaruh Metode Total Physical
Response Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Teks Prosedural Siswa
(Penelitian Kuasi-eksperimental pada Kelas Sembilan MTs Ma’arif Sabilul
Huda Bogor Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019). Skripsi, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa
Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif
Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2019.
Dosen Pembimbing I : Dr. Ratna Sari Dewi, M.Pd.
Dosen Pembimbing II : Zaharil Anasy, M.Hum.
Kata Kunci : Kemampuan Membaca, Teks Prosedural, Metode TPR
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan bukti empiris tentang pengaruh penggunaan
metode total physical response dalam kemampuan membaca teks prosedural
siswa kelas sembilan MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda. Metode yang digunakan dalam
penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian eksperimen semu
(quasi-experimental study). Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah siswa/siswi kelas
sembilan MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda. Mereka dari kelas IX-B sebagai kelas
eksperimen, sedangkan kelas IX-C sebagai kelas kontrol. Masing-masing kelas
terdiri dari 25 siswa. Kelas eksperimen adalah kelas yang diajarkan dengan
menggunakan metode TPR, sedangkan kelas kontrol diajarkan dengan presentasi
guru atau tanpa menggunakan metode TPR. Data didapatkan melalui pre-test dan
post-test. Data yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini didapatkan dari tes
bacaan/reading. Data yang diperoleh melalui tes kemudian dihitung menggunakan
t-test dengan level signifikansi 5% (0.05). Penghitungan t-test dilakukan dengan
menghitung skor perolehan antara tes akhir dan tes awal pada kedua kelas (baik
eksperimen maupun kontrol), hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa skor perolehan t0
(1.6837) lebih tinggi dari skor ttable (1.6772) dengan derajat kebebasan (df)=25
pada level signifikansi 5% (0.05). Dengan demikian, hasil t0 > ttable yang berarti
bahwa H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kemudian, perhitungan pengaruh dengan
menggunakan teori Cohen’s d adalah 0.48 poin, dimana rentang pengaruh kriteria
termasuk pada pengaruh cukup. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa
penggunaan metode total physical response cukup berpengaruh pada kemampuan
membaca teks prosedural siswa, khususnya pada siswa kelas sembilan MTs
Ma’arif Sabilul Huda Bogor.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
x
3. Genre of Procedure Text ..................................................18
4. Types of Procedure Text ..................................................18
5. Grammatical Features of Procedure Text.........................19
6. Generic Structure of Procedure Text ................................19
7. Examples of Procedure Text ............................................20
C. Total Physical Response (TPR) Method ...............................21
1. Background of TPR Method ............................................21
2. Characteristics of TPR Method ........................................23
3. Principles of TPR Method ................................................23
4. Design of TPR Method ....................................................24
5. Advantages and Disadvantages of TPR Method ..............26
D. Related Previous Study .........................................................27
E. Thinking Framework.............................................................29
F. Theoretical Hypothesis .........................................................29
xi
b. Control Class ...............................................................43
2. The Analysis of the Data ..................................................47
a. Normality Test .............................................................47
b. Homogeneity Test........................................................49
c. Hypothesis Test ...........................................................49
3. Effect Size Formulation ...................................................52
B. Discussion .............................................................................54
REFERENCES .....................................................................................................58
APPENDICES ......................................................................................................61
xii
LIST OF TABLES
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES
xv
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the general discussion of the study. It covers the
background of the study, the identification of the problem, the limitation of the
problem, the formulation of the problem, the objective of the study and the
significance of the study.
1
Judi Moreillon, Collaborative Strategies for Teaching Reading Comprehension, (Chicago:
American Library Association, 2007), p. 10.
2
Judi Moreillon, Ibid.
3
William Grabe, Reading in a Second Language Moving from Theory to Practice, (New
York: Cambridge University Press, 2009), p. 14.
1
2
engaged with the text they read, which means they also have to understand using
any of their language knowledge to get the meaning from what they read. 4 Based
on these statements, it can be considered that reading is the process of receiving
message and information through eyes, and then the brain works to interpret the
messages until the reader understands about the information from the text.
Discussing about reading ability, it cannot be separated from the reader’s
understanding on the text. In other words, it is discussed about the reader’s
capability to understand at certain levels. The level of understanding can be
distinguished as when a reader is possible to comprehend the words but not the
meaning of a sentence, and comprehend a sentence but not the organization of the
text.5 Additionally, reading ability involves many aspects. Because reading ability
is a multicomponent and highly process, in which involves the interaction
between the reader and his previous knowledge, strategy use, interesting in the
text and the understanding of the text.6 It means that the students’ understanding
occurs when they get the main idea of information or the messages and then they
combine with their background knowledge.
In Indonesia, reading is one of the competencies that should be taught at first
grade of Junior High School. Furthermore, the students are expected to understand
the meaning, general and/or schematic structure, and linguistic features in the
form of procedure text about how to operate something (i.e. to activate a hand-
phone, turn on and off a computer, etc.), how to make something (i.e. to make
fried rice, make fruit salad, etc.). It means that the students of junior high school
should be able to understand and read a procedure text.
In addition, procedure text is one of the texts that need to be learned by
students, especially for students at ninth grade. Procedure text is a text which has
4
Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching, Fourth Edition, (Edinburgh:
Pearson Education Limited, 2007), p. 265.
5
J. Charles Alderson, Assessing Reading, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000),
p. 9.
6
Janette K. Klingner, et., al., Teaching Reading Comprehension to Students with Learning
Difficulties, (New York: The Guildford, 2007), p. 8.
3
7
Mark Anderson and Kathy Anderson, Text Types in English 1, (South Yarra: MacMillan
Education, 1997), p. 7.
8
Jack C. Richards and Theodore S. Rodgers, Approaches and Methods in Language
Teaching, (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001), p. 87.
4
A. Reading
1. The General Concept of Reading
Reading is categorized a receptive skill which important in learning English
as a foreign language. Simply put, reading is a skill to make meaning from the
print and visual information appropriately.1 However, it is not that simple, as
reading is an active process that requires a great deal of practice and skill. In order
to be good readers, students must take their ability to pronounce words and to read
pictures and then make the words and images mean something.2 Therefore,
reading is an active skill in which to get the appropriate meaning from both words
and image provided from the text. So that, reading could be determined as a
difficult skill to learn for foreign language students because they have to transfer
their mother tongue language to the foreign language to read and understand the
text.
Another definition stated that reading is a complex process of human’s
activity. The complex process means when students read something, they need to
focus their eyes and brain to read and to understand the author’s message from the
text. Students cannot access the meaning unless their brains are fully engaged with
the text they read, which means they also have to understand using any of their
language knowledge to get the meaning from what they read.3 In addition, it
means that the activity of reading is an interaction between what the reader looks
of the text and what the author writes into printed symbols.
1
Judi Moreillon, Collaborative Strategies for Teaching Reading Comprehension, (Chicago:
American Library Association, 2007), p. 10.
2
Judi Moreillon, Ibid.
3
Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching, Fourth Edition, (Edinburgh:
Pearson Education Limited, 2007), p. 265.
6
7
2. Purposes of Reading
Generally, the purpose of reading is to make the readers understand the
message of the author which represented by written language form or a text.
When the students read a text and they get the meaning and understand what the
author likely to deliver in a written form, then the general purpose of reading is
already achieved.
However, there are many purposes of reading, such as reading for pleasure,
reading for studying about something, et cetera. According to William Grabe and
4
Fajar Furqon, Correlation between Students’ Vocabulary Mastery and Their Reading
Comprehension, (English Education Study Program of Indonesia University of Education, Journal
of English Education, 2013, vol. 1, issue 1), p. 68.
8
Fredricka L. Stoller, reading purposes are divided and classified into four main
headings as follows:5
a. Reading to search for simple information; it is a kind of common reading
ability, though some researchers see it as a relatively cognitive process. It
is used so often in reading tasks.
b. Reading to learn from texts; it usually occurs in academic and professional
context when people need to learn a considerable amount of information
from a text.
c. Reading to integrate information, write and critique texts; it requires
additional decisions about the relative importance of complementary,
mutually supporting or conflicting information and the likely restructuring
of a rhetorical frame to accommodate information from multiple sources.
d. Reading for general comprehension; it requires very rapid and automatic
processing of words, strong skills in informing a general meaning
representation of main ideas, and efficient coordination of many processes
under very limited time constraints.
From the four main headings above, it can be described that the essential
purpose of all reading generally is to get new information and/or pleasure, not to
go over what is known already or what is inconsequential to the reader.6
Meanwhile, another experts classified reading purposes into three kinds, they
are: reading for general information (such as reading news to know the event
today); reading for specific information (such as reading science book, articles to
get particular information); and reading for pleasure and for interest (such as
reading novels, comicbooks for enjoyment).7 It means that reading also purposes
based on the reader’s need, interest and even mood.
5
William Grabe, Fredricka L. Stoller, Teaching and Researching Reading: Reading,
(Edinburgh: Pearson Education Limited, 2011), p. 11.
6
Nida Husna, Step by Step to Reading Skills: Step 1, (Jakarta: English Department, Faculty
of Tarbiya and Teachers Training ―Syarif Hidayatullah‖ State Islamic University), p. 7.
7
Jo McDonough, Christopher Shaw and Hitomi Masuhara, Material and Methods in ELT:
Third Edition, A Teacher’s Guide, (Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2003), p. 111.
9
Based on the purposes that stated by many linguists above, the writer views
that the reader has their own purposes in reading a text. It could be aimed for
academic purposes, and it also could be aimed for enjoyment or for entertaining
readers. Consequently, the purposes for reading can affect the way readers read
the text.
3. Kinds of Reading
The kinds of reading are depended upon its purpose. In the classroom
activity, there are two kinds of reading that students usually do; silent reading and
oral reading.
a. Silent Reading, it emphasizes meaning rather than sound. In this kind of
reading, students must recognize the word and know its meaning.
Nevertheless, it is not essential that they should know how to pronounce it.
b. Oral Reading, it is essential for the students to know the way to pronounce
the word. It is much emphasized on sound besides meaning. Clear
articulation, a pleasing and well-modulated voice are additional concern of
this kind of reading.
a. Intensive Reading
Intensive reading means reading shorter texts to extract specific information.
This type of reading is used to gain a deep understanding of the text, which is
important for readers. At its worst, intensive reading focuses on comprehension of
a particular text with no thought being given to whether the features studied in the
text will be useful when reading other texts.9
Due to its focus on comprehension, the process of scanning takes more
prominent role than skimming in intensive reading. It is because the readers try to
8
Jeremy Harmer, How to Teach English, New Edition with DVD, (Edinburgh Gate: Pearson
Education Limited, 2007), p. 99.
9
I.S.P. Nation, Teaching ESL/EFL: Reading and Writing, (New York: Routledge Taylor &
Francis, 2009), p. 25.
10
absorb all the information given. The simple instance for this kind of reading
activity is reading for dosage instruction in the label of medicine.
Moreover, intensive work on a reading text can focus on the following
aspects.10 They are:
1) Comprehension. Intensive reading can aim at understanding a particular
text.
2) Regular and irregular sound-spelling relations. This can be done through
the teaching of phonics, through teaching spelling rules, and through
reading aloud.
3) Vocabulary. The attention of students can be drawn to useful words, and
the underlying meaning. Words from the text could be assigned for later
study.
4) Grammar. Difficult grammatical features can be explained and analysed.
5) Cohesion. Students can practice interpreting what pronouns refer to in the
text, what the conjunction relationships between sentences are, and how
different words are used to refer to the same idea.
6) Information structure. Certain texts contain certain kinds of information.
For instance, newspaper reports can describe what happened, what the
likely effects will be, who was involved, etc. Students can be helped to
identify these different kinds of information.
7) Genre features. Vocabulary, grammatical features, cohesive features and
information all contribute to the communicative effect of a text. Intensive
reading can focus on how the text achieves its communicative purpose
through these features and what this communicative purpose is.
8) Strategies. Intensive reading can be used to help students develop useful
reading strategies. By working intensively, on a text, students can also
practice the steps in guessing from context, using a dictionary, simplifying
difficult sentences and taking notes.
10
I.S.P. Nation, Ibid., pp. 27 – 28.
11
b. Extensive Reading
In this type of reading activity, the students deal with a longer text as a whole
which requires the ability to understand the component part of texts and their
contribution to the overall meaning. Harmer states that extensive reading refers to
reading which students do often (but not exclusively) away from the classroom.
Where possible, extensive reading should involve reading for pleasure.11 This is
enhanced if students have a chance to choose what they want to read, if they are
encouraged to read by the teacher, and if some opportunity is given for them to
share their reading experiences.
Extensive reading is a form of learning from meaning-focused input. It means
that during extensive reading, students should be interested in what they are
reading and should be reading with their attention on the meaning of the text
rather than on learning the language features of the text.12 One of the fundamental
conditions of a successful extensive reading programme is that students should be
reading material which they can understand. If they are struggling to understand
every word, they can hardly be reading for pleasure – the main goal of this
activity.13
There two major language-based reasons for this reading activity. First,
extensive reading requires considerable knowledge and skill. This knowledge
includes recognising the letters and words of the language, having a large
vocabulary and substantial grammatical and textual knowledge, being able to
bring knowledge of the world to the reading task, and developing a degree of
11
Jeremy Harmer, How to Teach English, New Edition with DVD, (Edinburgh Gate: Pearson
Education Limited, 2007), p. 99.
12
I.S.P. Nation, Teaching ESL/EFL: Reading and Writing, (New York: Routledge Taylor &
Francis, 2009), p. 50.
13
Jeremy Harmer, The Practice of English Language Teaching, Fourth Edition, (Edinburgh:
Pearson Education Limited, 2007), p. 283.
12
fluency with the reading skill. Second, learning through extensive reading is
largely incidental learning, that is, the students’ attention is focused on the story
not on items to learn.14 This is why most students’ will not do a lot of extensive
reading by themselves unless they are encouraged to do so by the teachers, which
means the role of teacher is crucial for this kind of reading activity. Teachers need
to promote reading and by their own espousal of reading as a valid occupation,
persuade students to its benefits. Having persuaded students of the benefits of
extensive reading, teachers can organise reading programmes where they indicate
to students how many books are expected to be read over given a period.
Based on explanations above, it could be concluded that extensive reading is
considered as a fluency activity which mainly involves global understanding. It is
a reading activity which requires students’ knowledge, skill and interest to
understand the meaning of the text.
4. Techniques of Reading
Different readers may have their own ways and techniques in reading in
accordance with their favour and purpose. Some linguists have proposed many
ways and techniques of reading, which are summarized as follows:
a. Skimming: reading for gist, it is a technique of rapid reading which is used
when the reader wants to get the main idea from a text. When skimming,
the readers usually explore the reading text extremely quickly to take the
main idea by collecting words, phrases and main sentences.
b. Scanning: reading selectively to achieve very specific reading goals, e.g.
finding a telephone number. It is used when the reader wants to locate a
particular piece of information without necessarily reading and
understanding the rest of a text.15
c. Search reading: locating information on predetermined topics. The reader
wants information to answer set questions or to provide data. Search
reading differs from scanning, in that in search reading, certain key ideas
14
I.S.P. Nation, Op.Cit., p. 50.
15
Jeremy Harmer, How to Teach English, New Edition with DVD, (Edinburgh Gate: Pearson
Education Limited, 2007), pp. 100 – 101.
13
5. Principles of Reading
According to the principles of reading, Harmer makes a list of contains six
points that should be applied in the classroom of teaching reading.17 Those six
principles are summarized as below.
a. Principle 1: Encourage students to read as often and as much as possible.
b. Principle 2: Students need to be engaged with what they are reading.
c. Principle 3: Encourage students to respond to the content of a text (and
explore their feelings about it), not just concentrate on its construction.
d. Principle 4: Prediction is a major factor in reading.
16
Feng Liu, Reading Abilities and Strategies: A Short Introduction, (School of Foreign
Language, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Journal of International Education
Studies, August 2010, Vol. 3, No. 3) pp. 153 – 157.
17
Jeremy Harmer, How to Teach English, Op.Cit., pp. 101 – 102.
14
e. Principle 5: Match the task to the topic when using intensive reading texts.
f. Principle 6: Good teachers exploit reading texts to the full.
Thus, in the classroom of teaching and learning reading, those six principles
of reading by Harmer have to be applied in order to maintain the focus and
purpose of teaching and learning.
18
Janette K. Klingner, et., al., Teaching Reading Comprehension to Students with Learning
Difficulties, (New York: The Guildford, 2007), p. 8.
19
Feng Liu, Ibid., p. 153.
20
J. Charles Alderson, Assessing Reading, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000),
p. 9.
21
J. Charles Alderson, Ibid., p. 10.
15
22
Peter S. Westwood, What Teachers Need to Know About Reading and Writing Difficulties,
(Victoria: Acer Press, 2008), p. 31.
23
Peter S. Westwood, Ibid., p. 32.
16
Based on the levels above, reading ability on procedure text is not merely
measured by the ability to answer the question about the text being read, but also
to draw inferences until identify a writer’s purpose, mood and attitude. In other
words, students must have the skills that are mentioned above and combine the
skills with their purpose and motivation to read the text.
In this case, reading ability on procedure text is measured by the
comprehension of procedure text. It means that students’ ability in comprehending
procedure text is characterized from their ability to identify the topic, grammatical
features and the generic structure of the text, also to understand the meaning of the
words written in the text.
B. Procedure Text
Reading procedure text is an objective in language learning for high school,
especially in Junior High School. The students are asked to create their own
procedure text by following the generic structures.24 In reading procedure text,
students should know the goal or the purpose of the text. For example, the goal
that need to be decided by students are such as how to make a fried rice, how to be
a healthy person, how to get a passive income in five years, et cetera. Then,
students should get the information of the materials used in the text. They can
scan list of things used, equipment needed or any substances required from the
text. The last but not least, the students should understand the steps to achieve the
goal. In this part, it includes the actions necessary which are listed in order to
complete the experiment or procedure. The steps are usually written on a separate
lines and each of them is written as a command.
24
Mark Anderson and Kathryn Anderson, Text Types 2 in English, (South Yarra: MacMillan
Education Ltd, 1998), p. 84.
17
procedure text are recipes, itineraries, instruction manuals and direction.25 The
procedure text usually consists of what tools or ingredients that should be
prepared. Next, there are some steps. The steps can inform the readers on how to
make something, or how to operate something. The steps are made to give
information to the readers so they can get a good outcome at the end.
Procedure text is to describe how something is accomplished through a
sequence of actions or steps. The information is presented in a logical sequence of
events which is broken up into small sequence steps.26 It means that a procedure
text enable people to know how to make something and it also makes sure that
they should do the steps in correct order. Therefore, every step in procedure text
should be done.
Procedure text, in material for Junior High School, consists of various kinds
of procedure. It is not only talk about how to make some food or handcraft, but
also how to operate something. But in this study, the writer will be focus on the
improving students’ ability in reading procedure text because regarding to the
research question, the writer would like to seek the information whether the TPR
method can be effective in teaching reading procedure text.
The procedure text has a goal that will create the result. The result of the
procedure is the reflection of the goal. If you want to make fried rice, you will
give what the ingredients and the steps to make fried rice. So, the result of what
you did through the steps of procedure, it will serve fried rice as a sign that you
have done.
Procedure text persuades the reader to follow the step or instruction in order
to reach or to get the purpose. Moreover, the reader also can get advices in making
something, so that the reader can do the step correctly. Also, procedure text
provides information about how to do something. In addition, Carlene Walter
stated that procedure text’s aim is to ensure that something is done correctly, and
achieve a good outcome in the end.28 Thus, it can be concluded that procedure text
provides information and instruction in order to persuade, to advice, to entertain
and to inform the readers about how to make or how to do something which are
important to help the readers achieve a successful outcome.
28
Carlene Walter, Procedural Writing Grade Three, (New York: The Medium, 2015), p. 2.
29
Jeremy Harmer, How to Teach Writing, (Edinburgh Gate: Pearson Education Limited,
2004), p. 86.
30
Carlene Walter, Op.Cit., p. 2.
19
It is described that types of procedure text are also influenced by its purpose
and need. It is also determined by the level of students who learn the text.
Moreover, in this study, only the first and second types are used in teaching
procedure text.
31
Mark Anderson and Kathryn Anderson, Text Types in English 3, (South Yarra: MacMillan
Education Ltd., 1998), p. 28.
20
a. Goal
Goal is a statement of what is to be achieved. For example: How to make
black forest cake, how to make spicy fried rice, et cetera.
b. Materials / Equipment needed
The materials should be listed in order. For example: 2 eggs, flour, ½ kg of
sugar, et cetera.
c. Sequenced steps
Sequenced steps are needed in order to be able to achieve the goal and get
a successful outcome.
Ingredients:
2 plates of rice
1 clove of garlic and union
1 tablespoon of tomato sauce
1 egg, beaten
100 grams of chicken meat
1 tablespoon of cooking oil
Salt
Tools:
Frying pan
Spatula
Gas stove
Spoons
Plates
32
Carlene Walter, Op.Cit., p. 2.
21
Knife
Steps:
Firstly, heat oil and sauté garlic until the garlic smell out, and sauté the
onion.
After that, add 100 grams of chicken meat, stir briefly until slightly cooked.
Next, add the egg and stir until the egg is cooked and cracked.
Then, pour the rice, insert tomato sauce and salt, then mix well with the
spices
Finally, pour the fried rice into a plate and the fried rice is ready to serve.
Example 2:
The Ways to Activate a Hand Phone
The first example of procedure text above is based on the first type which in
consisted the instruction of how to do a particular activity (in this occasion, it is
how to make fried rice). Meanwhile, the second example is based on the second
type which is consisted the instruction of operation manuals (in this case, it is the
ways to activate a hand phone). These two examples are the material of procedure
text which is taught to the students in this research.
33
H. Douglas Brown, Teaching by Principles—An Interactive Approach to Language
Pedagogy, (San Fransisco: Longman, 2001), p. 14.
34
Jack C. Richards and Theodore S. Rodgers, Approaches and Methods in Language
Teaching, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), p. 87.
35
Jack C. Richards, Ibid.
23
c. Students can initially learn one part of the language rapidly by moving
their bodies.
d. The imperative is a powerful linguistic device through which the teacher
can direct students’ behavior.
e. Students can learn through observing action as well as by performing the
action themselves.
f. It is very important that students feel successful. Feeling of success and
low anxiety facilitate learning.
g. Students should not be made to memorize fixed routines.
h. Correction should be carried out in an unobtrusive manner.
i. Students must develop flexibility in understanding novel combinations of
the target language chunks. They need to understand more than the exact
sentences used in training. Novelty is also motivating.
j. Language learning is more effective when it is fun.
k. Spoken language should be emphasized over written language.
l. Students will begin to speak when they are ready.
m. Students are expected to make errors when they first begin speaking.
Teacher should be tolerant of them. Work on the fine details of the
language should be postponed until students have become somewhat
proficient.
These principles explain that this method tends to make the teaching and
learning activity more active and creative. All of principles above are highly
recommended to be involved in teaching material using this method.
a. Method
Total Physical Response method is in harmony with the human biological
program, because it uses body movement before and after speech appears it does
25
not require the learner to speak before he is ready. When students can all respond
to commands correctly, one of them can start to give instructions to other
classmates.38
This harmony minimizes stress. Low anxiety relates positively to success in
second language acquisition. This method enlivens a class by creating stimulating
experiences, so that students can be in a more lively state and the learning has a
strong emotional base as well as a physical base.
b. Objectives
Here are some objectives of Total Physical Response method:
1) Teaching oral proficiency at beginning level
According to Jack C. Richards and Theodore S. Rodgers, ―The objectives of
Total Physical Response are to teach oral proficiency at the beginning level.‖ The
students should be capable to communicate with a native language. It is necessary
to do a lot of choral drilling and mechanical pattern practice to give the children
enough chances to speak, but it is not effective if we want the children to use
English communicatively and spontaneously. They definitely need to repeat many
times, but they can do this in meaningful ways with genuine emotion.
2) Reduction of stress
Language learning is more effective when it is fun.39 An important condition
for successful language learning is the absence of stress. By focusing on meaning
interpreted through movement, rather than on language form studied in the
abstract, the learner is said to be liberated from self-conscious and stressful
situation and is able to devote full energy of learning.
2) Learner
The students’ main role is that of listening and acting through the use of
teacher based commands, and eventually through student based commands. They
are literally sponges and in essence actors. They monitor and evaluate their own
progress. They are encouraged to speak when they feel ready to speak— that is,
when a sufficient basic in the language has been internalized.40
a. Advantages:
1) The students follow the activity more actively.
2) The students more comprehend the subject.
3) The students are not bored, because they follow all creative activities.
4) It is good for increasing students’ ability to understand active vocabulary.
5) Students more remember what the teacher gave, because it took students’
action.
40
Jack C. Richards and Theodore S. Rodgers, Approaches and Methods in Language
Teaching, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), p. 93.
27
b. Disadvantages:
1) It was only for very beginner learning.
2) It takes long time to make students understand the material with drill.
3) Not all students have a strong memory to remember the material.
4) The students may not know the errors they made in learning.
41
Lia Nurshohifah, ―The Relationship between Students’ Reading Interest, Students’
Vocabulary Mastery and Their Reading Ability on Descriptive Text at the Eighth Grade Students
in Kecamatan Banjar Pandeglang, Banten in Academic Year 2012/2013,‖ Thesis, Magister of the
Department of English Education, Faculty of Tarbiya and Teachers’ Training of State Islamic
University Syarif Hidayatullah of Jakarta, Jakarta, 2014, p. i.
42
Nur Hikmah Laila, ―Improving Students’ Reading Ability by Using Printed Mass Media at
the Eighth Students of SMPN 3 Colomadu Karanganyar in 2008/2009 Academic Year,‖ Thesis of
English Department, Faculty of Teachers’ Traning and Education, Sebelas Maret University,
Surakarta, 2009, p. v.
29
E. Thinking Framework
Reading is one of four basic skills in English that should be learnt by students
in Junior High School. One of reading texts that should be mastered is procedure
text. Teaching procedure text is aimed to make students able to read the simple
procedure text. However, in learning procedure text, students often find
difficulties, such as lack of vocabulary, lack of knowledge about procedure text,
and feel bored with the learning activity. It can truly said that one of the factors
which make Junior High School students have a low ability in reading is, that the
teacher does not use the interactive and attractive method in teaching reading,
especially on procedure text.
Based on those students’ difficulties in learning, the writer considered about
applying TPR method in teaching procedure text. Total Physical Response is a
method that requires a physical activity. This method takes body movement in
learning in order to know the understanding of the students about the material; it
must take an action especially to visualize every command in steps of procedure
text. Finally, the TPR method is that the students have fun with the physical
performance in the learning activity, because the students have to follow all
creative activities from the learning activity in order to make the students
remember the material longer.
Based on the statement above, the writer assumes that TPR is an effective
way to teach procedure text, and it is also influence students’ creativity in
learning. Because the students are involved directly with the physical performance
and simulation, the method can improve the students’ ability to understand the
procedure text effectively.
F. Theoretical Hypothesis
According to the theories discussed above, the writer assumes that there is a
significant influence of Total Physical Response method on students’ reading
ability of procedure text at the ninth grade of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda Bogor.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents information relating to place and time of the study,
method and design of the study, population and sample of the study, instrument of
the study, technique of data collecting, technique of data analysis and statistical
hypothesis.
1
C. R. Kothari, Research Methodology: Research and Techniques, (New Delhi: New Age
International, 2002), p. 3.
2
John W. Creswell, Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating
Quantitative and Qualitative Research, Fourth Edition, (Boston: Pearson Education, 2011), p. 293.
3
Loraine Blaxter, et al., How to Research; 3rd Edition, (New York: Open University Press,
2006), p. 75.
30
31
before the treatment began, both classes were given a pre-test that was used to get
the beginning score of students’ reading ability of procedure text. Then, the
treatment of TPR method was applied in experiment class on learning reading
procedure text, while in control class the treatment was not applied. After the
treatment period, post-test was given to the both classes in order to know the
influence of TPR method on students’ reading ability of procedure text. Lastly,
the writer analyzed the data which was collected from both experiment and
control class. The process of this research could be described by the design
below.4
Table 3.1
Quasi-experimental Design
In this research, the writer conducted 6 meetings in each class. They consisted
of one first-meeting for pre-test, four meetings for meetings for the treatment, and
one last meeting for post-test.
4
John W. Creswell, Op.Cit., p. 310.
32
5
Louis Cohen, Lawrence Manion, and Keith Morrison, Research Methods in Education,
sixth edition, (New York: Routledge, 2007), pp. 114 – 115.
33
6
Mohsen Tavakol & Reg Dennick, Making Sense of Cronbach’s Alpha, (International
Journal of Medical Education, 2, 2011), p. 53.
34
1. Normality Test
In this study, normality test was one of some requirements that should be
fulfilled before conducting t-test. It was required to figure out whether or not the
data from two classes had been normally distributed. The normality test was tested
by using Lilliefors table with the data of pre-test and post-test score from both
experiment and control class. The data could be concluded as normally distributed
if the significant score > 0.05. Nevertheless, if the significant score < 0.05, it
meant that the data were not normally distributed.7 The normality test was
measured with IBM SPSS (Special Package for the Social Sciences) Statistic v.24
for Windows. The result of normality test could be checked in Chapter IV.
2. Homogeneity Test
The homogeneity test was aimed to know whether the data from both
experiment class and control class had the same or different variants. The test of
homogeneity was measured using Levene’s table. To determine if the data were
homogenous, the significant level of the test in Levene’s table should be higher
than 0.05. As same as normality test, this test was also conducted in pre-test and
post-test score from both experiment and control class. The homogeneity test was
also done using IBM SPSS Statistic v.24 with the step as follows: Analyze –
Compare Means – One Way Anova. Additionally, the result of homogeneity test
could also be checked in Chapter IV.
7
Budi Susetyo, Statistika untuk Analisis Data Penelitian, (Bandung: PT. Refika Aditama,
2010), pp. 144 – 148.
35
3. Hypothesis Test
In doing hypothesis test, the writer used t-test to find the differences between
the students’ score that are taken from pre-test and post-test in experimental class
(X) and control class (Y) after analyzing normality test and homogeneity test. In
measuring t-test, the writer used statistical analysis to analyze the data. The writer
used t-test formula to calculate the data with the significance degree of 5% (0.05),
as adopted from Anas Sudijono.8 The formula used as follows:
Whereas:
: The value of t-count
M1 : Mean Variable of Experiment Class
M2 : Mean Variable of Control Class
: Standard Error of Experiment Class
: Standard Error of Control Class
The t-test formula above is main formula. Before using that formula, there are
several calculation procedures to be taken. The steps are:9
8
Anas Sudijono, Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan, (Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2010), pp.
315 – 316.
9
Budi Susetyo, Op.Cit., p. 205.
36
∑
√
∑
√
( )
Df : degree of freedom
N1 : total number of students variable x
N2 : total number of students variable y
j. Criteria:
If ˃ with the Sig. (2-tailed) 5% (0.05): there is significance and
Ha is accepted, H0 is rejected.
If ˂ with the Sig. (2-tailed) 5% (0.05): there is no significance
and Ha is rejected, H0 is accepted.
quantitative study.10 To identify the effect size of this study whether it is strong or
weak, the theory of Cohen’s d could be used. The effect size of Cohen’s d has
formula as follows:11
( )
Annotation:
: pooled standard deviation
SD1 : standard deviation of experiment group
SD2 : standard deviation of control group
After knowing the result, there are some guidelines for determining whether
the effect is weak, modest, moderate or strong. The guidelines are shown in the
table 3.2 as follows.12
Table 3.2
The Criteria of Size Effect
Effect Size Range Category
0 – 0.20 Weak effect
0.21 – 0.50 Modest effect
0.51 – 1.00 Moderate effect
> 1.00 Strong effect
10
John W. Creswell, Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating
Quantitative and Qualitative Research, Fourth Edition, (Boston: Pearson Education, 2011), p. 203.
11
Barry H. Cohen and R. Brooke Lea, Essentials of Statistics for the Social and Behavioural
Sciences, (New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2004), p. 124.
12
Daniel Muijs, Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS, (London: Sage
Publications Ltd, 2004), p. 136.
39
G. Statistical Hypothesis
Statistical analysis used as follows:
H0 : Null Hypothesis
Ha : Alternative Hypothesis
H0 : There is no significant effect of TPR method on teaching procedure text
at the ninth grade students of SMP Islamiyah Sawangan.
Ha : There is significant effect of TPR method on teaching procedure text at
the ninth grade students of SMP Islamiyah Sawangan.
A. Research Finding
1. Data Description
In this part, the researcher shows the result of pre-test and post-test data that
had been collected from students’ in both experiment class and control class at the
ninth grade of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda Bogor. The researcher measured
students’ reading ability of procedure text by using a test in multiple choices form.
The pre-test was given before the treatment began and the post-test was given
after the treatment was done. The result of the study is presented as data
description based on the test result.
a. Experiment Class
Table 4.1 below shows the result of the students’ pre-test and post-test score
in experiment class.
Table 4.1
Pre-test and Post-test Score of Experiment Class
Students’ Gained
No Pre-test Post-test
Number Score
1 S1 49 58 9
2 S2 64 73 9
3 S3 64 70 6
4 S4 55 61 6
5 S5 52 49 -3
6 S6 64 61 -3
7 S7 31 46 15
8 S8 34 46 12
9 S9 64 52 -12
10 S10 70 85 15
40
41
Students’ Gained
No Pre-test Post-test
Number Score
11 S11 67 67 0
12 S12 49 70 21
13 S13 43 55 12
14 S14 49 67 18
15 S15 55 67 12
16 S16 58 67 9
17 S17 46 61 15
18 S18 61 61 0
19 S19 61 58 -3
20 S20 64 58 -6
21 S21 40 55 15
22 S22 49 58 9
23 S23 46 58 12
24 S24 58 70 12
25 S25 55 67 12
Total 25 Students 1348 1540 192
Average Score 53,92 61,6 7,68
Max Score 70 85 21
Min score 31 46 -12
Based on the data in the Table 4.1, it could be seen the lowest and the highest
score from students of experiment class. The lowest score of the pre-test was 31
and the highest score was 70. After the writer gave the treatment using TPR
method, the writer gave the students post-test. The data showed the lowest score
of the post-test was 46 and the highest score was 85. Also, the average of pre-test
score was 53.92 and the average of post-test score was 61.6. Additionally, gained
score in experiment class was 7.68.
42
Figure 4.1
Diagram of Frequency Distribution of Pre-test Score in Experiment Class
Figure 4.2
Diagram of Frequency Distribution of Post-test Score in Experiment Class
43
b. Control Class
Table 4.2 below showed the result of the students’ pre-test and post-test score
in control class.
Table 4.2
Pre-test and Post-test Score of Control Class
Students’ Gained
No Pre-test Post-test
Number Score
1 S1 76 79 3
2 S2 67 73 6
3 S3 67 76 9
4 S4 70 82 18
5 S5 52 70 18
6 S6 70 70 0
7 S7 52 64 12
8 S8 55 64 9
9 S9 64 64 0
10 S10 61 64 3
11 S11 79 82 3
12 S12 70 67 -3
13 S13 70 64 -6
14 S14 73 73 0
15 S15 67 73 6
16 S16 64 70 6
17 S17 58 61 3
18 S18 58 64 6
19 S19 49 61 12
20 S20 67 61 -6
21 S21 82 88 6
22 S22 79 70 -9
44
Students’ Gained
No Pre-test Post-test
Number Score
23 S23 82 88 6
24 S24 64 64 0
25 S25 67 64 -3
Total 25 Students 1663 1756 93
Average Score 66,52 70,24 3,72
Max Score 82 88 18
Min score 49 61 -9
Based on the data in the Table 4.2 above, it described the lowest and the
highest score from students in the control class. The data showed the lowest score
of pre-test was 49 and the highest score was 82. The lowest score of the post-test
score was 61 and the highest score was 88 Also, the average of pre-test score in
control class was 66.52 and the average of post-test score was 70.24. In addition,
gained score in control class was 3.72.
Moreover, the following diagrams described the frequency distribution score
from the result of the students’ pre-test and post-test score in control class.
Figure 4.3
Diagram of Frequency Distribution of Pre-test Score in Control Class
45
Figure 4.4
Diagram of Frequency Distribution of Post-test Score in Control Class
Next, to see the result of gained score of the experiment class (X) and the
control class (Y), Table 4.3 presented the gained score of both classes as follows:
Table 4.3
The Gained Score between Experiment and Control Class
Students’
X Y x (X-MX) y (Y-MY) x2 y2
Number
1 9 3 1,32 -2,4 1,74 5,76
2 9 6 1,32 1,32 1,74 1,74
3 6 9 -1,68 -1,68 2,82 2,82
4 6 12 -1,68 -1,68 2,82 2,82
5 -3 18 -10,68 -10,68 114,06 114,06
6 -3 0 -10,68 -10,68 114,06 114,06
7 15 12 7,32 7,32 53,58 53,58
8 12 9 4,32 4,32 18,66 18,66
9 -12 0 -19,68 -19,68 387,30 387,30
46
Students’
X Y x (X-MX) y (Y-MY) x2 y2
Number
10 15 3 7,32 7,32 53,58 53,58
11 0 3 -7,68 -7,68 58,98 58,98
12 21 -3 13,32 13,32 177,42 177,42
13 12 -6 4,32 4,32 18,66 18,66
14 18 0 10,32 10,32 106,50 106,50
15 12 6 4,32 4,32 18,66 18,66
16 9 6 1,32 1,32 1,74 1,74
17 15 3 7,32 7,32 53,58 53,58
18 0 6 -7,68 -7,68 58,98 58,98
19 -3 12 -10,68 -10,68 114,06 114,06
20 -6 -6 -13,68 -13,68 187,14 187,14
21 15 6 7,32 7,32 53,58 53,58
22 9 -9 1,32 1,32 1,74 1,74
23 12 6 4,32 4,32 18,66 18,66
24 12 0 4,32 4,32 18,66 18,66
25 12 -3 4,32 4,32 18,66 18,66
Total 192 93 1657,44 1661,46
Mean 7,68 3,72
From the data in the Table 4.3, it could be seen that the total gained score of
the experiment class was 192, and the control class was 93. It indicates that there
is any significant difference between the two classes.
Based on the data above, the average score of both experiment and control
class was increased. However, rather than the control class, the experiment class’
score had increased more slightly. The experiment class’ mean score increased
7.68 points, while the control class increased only 3.72 points. The progress of
both classes could be seen in the diagram below:
47
Figure 4.5
The Difference between Students’ Score in Experiment Class
and Control Class
80
70
60
50
40 Experiment
Control
30
20
10
0
Pre-test Post-test
a. Normality Test
In this research, normality test is one of some requirements that should be
fulfilled before conducting t-test. It is required to figure out whether or not the
data from two classes had been normally distributed. The normality test was tested
by using Lilliefors table. The data is normally distributed if it has significance 5%
(0.05). The result of normality test can be seen as follows:
48
Table 4.4
Normality Test of Pre-test between Experiment Class and Control Class
Using Lilliefors
Tests of Normality
a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Shapiro-Wilk
Class Statistic Df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
Pretest Experiment ,117 25 ,151 ,952 25 ,282
*
Control ,121 25 ,200 ,962 25 ,466
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
From the data in Table 4.4 above, it could be seen that the significance of pre-
test score in experiment class was 0,151. Meanwhile, the significance of pre-test
score in control class was 0,200. The data of both classes could be defined as
normally distributed as the significance score of both classes were higher than
0.05.
Table 4.5
Normality Test of Post-test between Experiment Class and Control Class
Using Lilliefors
Tests of Normality
a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Shapiro-Wilk
Class Statistic Df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
*
Posttest Experiment ,127 25 ,200 ,957 25 ,364
Control ,216 25 ,069 ,875 25 ,140
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Based on the data in Table 4.5 above, it showed that the significance of post-
test score in experiment class was 0.200. It meant that the data were normally
distributed because 0.200 were higher than 0.05. Moreover, the significance of
post-test score in control class was 0.069. The data of post-test score in control
class was also normally distributed. In short, the both data of pre-test and post-test
form experiment class and control class were normally distributed.
49
b. Homogeneity Test
After doing the normality test, the homogeneity test was also measured. It is
purposed to test the similarity of the both classes; experiment and control class.
To calculate the homogeneity test, Levene statistic was used. The data would be
determined as homogenous if the result of the data calculation is higher than 0.05.
The result could be seen as follows:
Table 4.6
Homogeneity Test of Pre-test between Experiment and Control Class
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Pretest
Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
,709 1 48 ,404
The writer used One-Way Anova test. The result of the data above showed
that the significance of pre-test between experiment and control class was 0.404.
Therefore, the data of pre-test was homogenous because it was higher than 0.05.
Table 4.7
Homogeneity Test of Post-test between Experiment and Control Class
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Posttest
Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
,081 1 48 ,777
The data in the Table 4.7 showed that the significance of post-test between
experiment and control class was 0.777. Therefore, the data of post-test both
experiment and control class was higher than 0.05.
c. Hypothesis Test
In order to figure out the significant different between experiment and control
class, the data were calculated using t-test formula with significance level 5%
(0.05) in some steps as follows:
a) Determining the mean of variable X by using formula:
50
∑
√ √ √
∑
√ √ √
√ √ √
√ √ √
√( ) ( )
51
( )
( )
The result from the data calculation was t0 = 1.6837. Then the value of df was
48 at degrees of significance 5% (0.05), so the data from the ttable was 1.6772. By
comparing the result of t0 was 1.6837 and ttable on the degree of significance 5%
(0.05) = 1.6772, thus the writer summarized that t0 was higher than the ttable.
Due to this research was aimed to answer the problem formulation whether
there is significant difference between students’ reading ability of procedure text
with using TPR method and students’ reading ability of procedure text without
using TPR method, then hypothesis test was conducted. In order to provide the
52
answer, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) and Null Hypothesis (H0) are proposed as
follows:
a) H0 (Null Hypothesis): there was no influence of TPR method on students’
reading ability of procedure text.
b) Ha (Alternative Hypothesis): there was an influence of TPR method on
students’ reading ability of procedure text.
To prove the hypothesis, the obtained data from experiment class and control
class were calculated by using t-test formula with assumption as follows:
a) If t0 < ttable, in significant degree of 5% (0.05), the Null Hypothesis (H0) is
accepted and the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is rejected. It means that TPR
method does not have any influences on students’ reading ability of procedure
text.
b) If t0 > ttable, in significant degree of 5% (0.05), the Null Hypothesis (H0) is
rejected and the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. It means that TPR
method has an influence on students’ reading ability of procedure text.
( ) ( )
53
In which:
: pooled standard deviation
SD1 : standard deviation of experiment class
SD2 : standard deviation of control class
d : the effect size
M1 : average of experiment class
M2 : average of control class
According to the criteria of the effect size level above, it could be concluded
that this research had modest effect size level. It was determined as modest effect
size because the d score was 0.48, in which existed between interval 0.21 – 0.50.
Therefore, in other words, the influence of Total Physical Response (TPR) on
students’ reading ability of procedure text at ninth grade of MTs Ma’arif Sabilul
Huda Bogor was quite significant.
54
B. Discussion
According to the research finding and data analysis, the TPR method had
influenced students’ reading ability of procedure text at the ninth-grade of MTs
Ma’arif Sabilul Huda Bogor. Although the experiment class’ average score of
post-test did not pass the average score of control class’ post-test, but it was
proved by the better performance of the students’ average gained score between
the two classes. The average of pre-test score in experiment class was 53.92, and
the average of post-test score in experiment class was 61.6. Meanwhile, the
average of pre-test score in control class was 66.52, and the average of post-test
score was 70.24. However, the average of gained score in experimental class was
7.68, while the average of gained score in control class was 3.72.
Based on the data calculation above, it also showed the result of the ttable in
significance level of 5% (0.05) was 1.6772, whereas the result of t0 was 1.6837.
Therefore, it could be determined that H0 (Null Hypothesis) was rejected and Ha
(Alternative Hypothesis) was accepted. In addition, the effect size of TPR method
toward students’ reading ability of procedure text was 0.48, it could be known as a
modest effect size based on the criteria of effect size formulation.
As a result, the TPR method promotes the learning process which facilitates
students to practice their reading ability. TPR method makes students take a part
in the learning process and makes them to balance their own types of learning
such as auditory, visual, and kinaesthetic. Moreover, the method also provides the
students to create collaborative learning which the students will work together
with their friends.
Moreover, comparing to previous study, this study proves that TPR method
was found effective to improve students’ reading ability; in case the material of
procedure text. The previous study took a research in improving students’ reading
ability by using printed mass media; magazines. The result of the research was
found successfully effective as the pre-test mean score was 5.8, increasing to 6.5
in the first post-test, and increasing again to 7.6 in the final post-test. From this
comparison, it can be concluded that there are many ways, methods and
techniques in teaching reading ability. However, the implementation of the
55
A. Conclusion
This study was conducted to get the empirical evidence about the influence of
Total Physical Response (TPR) at the ninth grade students’ of MTs Ma’arif
Sabilul Huda. After doing the experiment in teaching reading procedure text using
TPR method in experiment class and without using TPR method in control class,
the writer analyzed the data of the experiment, and continued to conclude the
study.
Based on finding and result of this study, teaching reading procedure text
using TPR method was appropriate to be implemented in the classroom. It shows
from the result of t-test formula to test the hypothesis of this study in the
significance degree of 5% (0.05) is t0 ˃ ttable (1.6873 ˃ 1.6772). Besides, it could
be seen from the comparison between the average of gained score of experiment
class was 7.68 points, which was higher than the average of gained score of
control class which was only 3.72 points. Therefore, the alternative hypothesis
(Ha) was accepted. It means that there was a positive influence of TPR method on
students’ reading ability of procedure text. Moreover, after calculating the data to
know how significant the effect was, then the result showed that the effect of TPR
method towards students’ reading ability of procedure text was modest. Therefore,
it could be concluded that Total Physical Response method had influenced the
students’ reading ability of procedure text, especially at the ninth grade students of
MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda Bogor.
B. Suggestion
Based on the conclusion of the research, the writer would like to give some
suggestions for students, teachers and other researchers who are interested in this
particular. Some suggestions are presented as follows:
56
57
________. Text Type in English 2. South Yarra: MacMillan Education Ltd, 1998.
________. Text Types in English 3. South Yarra: MacMillan Education Ltd, 1998.
Cohen, Barry H., R. Brooke Lea. Essentials of Statistics for The Social and
Behavioural Sciences. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
58
59
______. How to Teach English, New Edition with DVD. Edinburgh Gate: Pearson
Education Limited, 2007.
Husna, Nida. Step by Step to Reading Skills: Step 1. Jakarta: English Department,
Faculty of Tarbiya and Teachers Training “Syarif Hidayatullah” State
Islamic University
Klingner, Janette K., et. al. Teaching Reading Comprehension to Students with
Learning Difficulties. New York: The Guildford, 2007.
Laila, Nur Hikmah. “Improving Students‟ Reading Ability by Using Printed Mass
Media”, Thesis on Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, 2009.
McDonough, Jo, Christopher Shaw and Hitomi Masuhara. Material and Methods
in ELT: Third Edition, A Teacher’s Guide. Malden: Blackwell Publishing,
2003.
Nation, I.S.P. Teaching ESL/EFL: Reading and Writing. New York: Routledge
Taylor & Francis, 2009.
60
Susetyo, Budi. Statistika untuk Analisis Data Penelitian. Bandung: PT. Refika
Aditama, 2010.
Walter, Carlene. Procedural Writing Grade Three. New York: The Medium,
2015.
Westwood, Peter S. What Teachers Need to Know About Reading and Writing
Difficulties. Victoria: Acer Press, 2008.
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1
SILABUS
Kompetensi Inti :
KI 1: Menghargai dan menghayati ajaran agama yang dianutnya
KI 2: Menghargai dan menghayati perilaku jujur, disiplin, tanggungjawab, peduli (toleransi, gotong royong), santun, percaya diri,
dalam berinteraksi secara efektif dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam dalam jangkauan pergaulan dan keberadaannya.
KI 3: Memahami pengetahuan (faktual, konseptual, dan prosedural) berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan,
teknologi, seni, budaya terkait fenomena dan kejadian tampak mata.
KI 4: Mencoba, mengolah, dan menyaji dalam ranah konkret (menggunakan, mengurai, merangkai, memodifikasi, dan membuat)
dan ranah abstrak (menulis, membaca, menghitung, menggambar, dan mengarang) sesuai dengan yang dipelajari di
sekolah dan sumber lain yang sama dalam sudut pandang/teori.
Alokasi
Kompetensi Dasar Materi Pokok Kegiatan Pembelajaran Penilaian Sumber Belajar
Waktu
Mensyukuri kesempatan
dapat mempelajari
bahasa Inggris sebagai
bahasa pengantar
komunikasi
internasional yang
diwujudkan dalam
semangat belajar.
61
Alokasi
Kompetensi Dasar Materi Pokok Kegiatan Pembelajaran Penilaian Sumber Belajar
Waktu
2.1 Menunjukkan
perilaku santun
dan peduli dalam
melaksanakan
komunikasi
interpersonal
dengan guru dan
teman.
2.2 Menunjukkan
perilaku jujur,
disiplin, percaya
diri, dan
bertanggung jawab
dalam
melaksanakan
komunikasi
transaksional
dengan guru dan
teman.
2.3 Menunjukkan
perilaku tanggung
jawab, peduli,
kerjasama, dan
cinta damai, dalam
melaksanakan
komunikasi
fungsional.
3.7 Menerapkan Teks lisan dan tulis teks Masing-masing menggunakan KRITERIA PENILAIAN 16 JP Buku Teks wajib
struktur teks dan prosedur berbentuk (a) prosedur yang sama
unsur kebahasaan resep dan (b) manual Keteladanan
Tingkat ketercapaian
untuk pendek dan sederhana. Mengamati ucapan dan
fungsi sosial (a) resep
melaksanakan tindakan guru
dan (b) manual pendek
Masing-masing Siswa menyalin dengan tulisan menggunakan
fungsi sosial teks dan sederhana.
diajarkan secara tangan yang rapi beberapa (a) setiap tindakan
prosedur dengan
terpisah resep dan (b) manual pendek Tingkat kelengkapan komunikasi
menyatakan dan
dan sederhana dari beberapa
62
Alokasi
Kompetensi Dasar Materi Pokok Kegiatan Pembelajaran Penilaian Sumber Belajar
Waktu
menanyakan Fungsi sosial sumber, dengan menggunakan dan keruntutan dalam interpersonal/
tentang resep dan ejaan dan tanda baca dengan menyebutkan dan transaksional
Mencapai hasil terbaik
manual, pendek benar. menanyakan tentang dengan benar dan
secara efisien,
dan sederhana, cara pembuatan akurat
menghindari kecelakaan, Siswa membaca dan
sesuai dengan makanan, minuman
kerusakan, pemborosan, mendengarkan teks-teks Contoh teks dari
konteks dalam (a) resep dan
dsb. tersebut untuk memahami isi sumber otentik
penggunaannya. pengoperasian alat
pesannya.
Struktur text dalam (b) manual. Sumber dari
4.7 Menangkap makna
(gagasan utama dan Dengan bimbingan guru, siswa internet, seperti:
teks prosedur, lisan Tingkat ketepatan
informasi rinci) mengidentifikasi ciri-ciri (fungsi
dan tulis, unsur kebahasaan: - www.dailyenglis
berbentuk resep Ungkapan baku yang sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
tata bahasa, kosa h.com
dan manual, digunakan dalam (a) kebahasaan) dari setiap teks
kata, ucapan, tekanan
pendek dan resep dan (b) manual, tersebut. - http://america
kata, intonasi, ejaan,
sederhana. dari sumber-sumber tanda baca, kerapihan nenglish.state.g
otentik. Menanya tulisan tangan. ov/files/ae/res
4.8 Menyusun teks ource_files
prosedur, lisan dan a. Menyebutkan tujuan Dengan bimbingan dan arahan
Sikap tanggung jawab,
tulis, pendek dan guru, siswa menanyakan dan - http://learneng
b. Menyebutkan bahan kerjasama, cinta
sederhana, mempertanyakan antara lain lish.britishcoun
damai, dan percaya
dan/atau peralatan tentang perbedaan dalam hal cil.org/en/
berbentuk resep diri yang menyertai
(jika diperlukan, fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan
dan manual, tindakan menyebutkan - https://www.go
opsional) unsur kebahasaan, antara (a)
dengan dan menanyakan ogle.com
memperhatikan c. Menyebutkan resep dan (b) manual pendek dan
tentang cara
fungsi sosial, serangkaian langkah sederhana, dalam bahasa Inggris
pembuatan makanan,
struktur teks, dan kerja secara urut dan dengan yang ada dalam bahasa
minuman dalam (a)
unsur kebahasaan runtut untuk Indonesia, kemungkinan
resep dan
yang benar dan mencapai tujuan menggunakan ungkapan lain,
pengoperasian alat
sesuai konteks. akibat jika tidak ada, dsb.
dalam (b) manual.
Unsur kebahasaan
Mengumpulkan Informasi
CARA PENILAIAN:
(1) Tata bahasa: kalimat
imperatif, negatif dan Secara kolaboratif, siswa
mencari dan mengumpulan Kinerja (praktik)
positif
beberapa (a) resep dan (b)
Tugas menganalisis dan
(2) Ungkapan dan kosa manual pendek dan sederhana
menghasilkan (a) resep
kata yang lazim dari berbagai sumber, termasuk
dan (b) manual pendek
digunakan dalam (a) dari internet, film, koran,
resep dan (b) manual dan sederhana tentang
majalah, buku teks, dsb.
makanan, minuman, dan
(3) Penggunaan nominal alat yang nyata di
63
Alokasi
Kompetensi Dasar Materi Pokok Kegiatan Pembelajaran Penilaian Sumber Belajar
Waktu
singular dan plural Siswa membaca rujukan dari lingkungan sekitar.
secara tepat, dengan berbagai sumber, termasuk
atau tanpa a, the, this, buku teks, untuk mengetahui Observasi:
those, my, their, dsb fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan
(penilaian yang
secara tepat dalam unsur kebahasaan dari (a) resep
bertujuan untuk
frasa nominal dan (b) manual.
memberikan balikan
(4) Ucapan, tekanan kata, Siswa membaca semua (a) resep secara lebih cepat)
intonasi dan (b) manual pendek dan
Observasi terhadap
(5) Ejaan dan tanda baca sederhana yang telah terkumpul
tindakan siswa
tsb., secara lebih cermat dengan
menggunakan bahasa
(6) Tulisan tangan cara mengidentifikasi dan
Inggris untuk
menyebutkan:
Topik menyebutkan dan cara
- fungsi sosial setiap teks pembuatan makanan,
Makanan, minuman, minuman dalam (a)
barang, yang lazim atau - tujuan setiap teks
resep dan
terkait dengan hidup - bahan dan/atau peralatan pengoperasian alat
siswa di sekolah, rumah, yang digunakan dalam (b) manual,
dan masyarakat, dengan ketika muncul
memberikan keteladanan - serangkaian langkah kerja
kesempatan, di dalam
tentang perilaku jujur, secara urut dan runtut untuk
dan di luar kelas.
disiplin, percaya diri, mencapai tujuan
kerjasama dan Observasi terhadap
- kosa kata, tata bahasa,
bertanggung jawab. kesungguhan,
ucapan, tekanan kata, ejaan,
tanggung jawab, dan
tanda baca yang digunakan
kerja sama siswa
dalam proses
Mengasosiasi
pembelajaran di setiap
Siswa membandingkan fungsi tahapan.
sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
Observasi terhadap
kebahasaan dari berbagai (a)
kepedulian dan
resep dan (b) manual pendek
kepercayaan diri
dan sederhana yang telah
dalam melaksanakan
dikumpulkan dari berbagai
komunikasi, di dalam
sumber tersebut di atas.
dan di luar kelas.
Siswa membandingkan fungsi
sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur Penilaian diri:
64
Alokasi
Kompetensi Dasar Materi Pokok Kegiatan Pembelajaran Penilaian Sumber Belajar
Waktu
kebahasaan dari berbagai (a) Pernyataan siswa secara
resep dan (b) manual pendek tertulis dalam jurnal
dan sederhana yang telah belajar sederhana
dipelajari tersebut di atas berbahasa Indonesia
dengan yang ada di sumber- tentang pengalaman
sumber lain, atau dengan yang belajar memahami dan
digunakan dalam bahasa lain. menghasilkan (a) resep
dan (b) manual,
Siswa memperoleh balikan
termasuk kemudahan
(feedback) dari guru dan teman
dan kesulitannya.
tentang hasil analisisnya.
Tes tertulis
Mengkomunikasikan
Membaca dan menulis
Siswa mempelajari lebih banyak teks (a) resep dan (b)
(a) resep dan (b) manual pendek manual yang menuntut
dan sederhana dalam bahasa pemahaman dan
Inggris untuk memberikan pemaparan tentang cara
komentar dan pandangannya pembuatan makanan
tentang fungsi sosial, struktur dan minuman dan
teks, dan unsur kebahasaannya. pengoperasian alat.
Siswa berupaya berbicara secara
lancar dengan ucapan, tekanan Portofolio
kata, intonasi yang benar dan a. Kumpulan karya teks
menulis dengan ejaan dan tanda (a) resep dan (b)
baca yang benar, serta tulisan manual tentang cara
yang jelas dan rapi. pembuatan makanan
Siswa membicarakan dan minuman dan
permasalahan yang dialami pengoperasian alat
dalam memahami (a) resep dan yang telah dibuat.
(b) manual pendek dan b. Kumpulan hasil
sederhana dan menuliskannya analisis tentang
dalam jurnal belajar sederhana beberapa (a) resep dan
dalam bahasa Indonesia. (b) manual tentang
cara pembuatan
makanan dan
minuman dan
65
Alokasi
Kompetensi Dasar Materi Pokok Kegiatan Pembelajaran Penilaian Sumber Belajar
Waktu
pengoperasian alat.
c. Lembar soal dan hasil
tes
66
APPENDIX 2
Questions for Validity Test
1. Shake up the detergent and put it 15 – 20 cm away from the LCD screen.
2. Spray on the LCD screen surface directly.
3. Cleanse gently using the fabric cleanser or brush.
2. Before cleaning the surface, we spray the detergent on the screen surface
directly or spray it on …
a. Our fingers
b. The paper
c. The fabric cleanser
d. The brush
3. “Cleanse gently with the fabric cleanser or brush” (step 3). What does the
underlined word mean?
a. Carefully
b. Directly
c. Harshly
d. Cleanly
67
Read the following text to answer questions number 4 and 5.
How to Clean a Refrigerator
1. Remove all frozen foods and ice cube trays. Then, put the food in a cardboard
box and cover it with newspaper. Dump the ice cubes.
2. Remove all other food stuff and place on your kitchen counter or in cardboard
boxes.
3. Either turn the temperature control “defrost” or unplug the electricity to the
refrigerator (or both).
4. Never scrape or jab at the ice with a sharp instrument, because you may cause
serious damage to the freezing unit. Allow it to melt.
5. Either put a flat pan under the freezer to catch the drips or put a large towel in
the bottom of the refrigerator.
68
4. 2 tablespoons of boiling water
5. 1 cup of plain flour
6. 250 grams of butter
7. 1 teaspoon of baking soda
Steps:
1. Turn on the oven to 160 C.
2. Lightly grease an oven tray.
3. Mix oats, flour and sugar in a large bowl.
4. Melt butter and golden syrup in a pan.
5. Mix baking soda and boiling water in a cup.
6. Add this mixture to melted butter and golden syrup.
7. Add this to the oats mixture in the large bowl, mix together well.
8. Roll tablespoonful of the mixture into balls. Put on the tray 5cm apart.
9. Press lightly on top of each with a fork.
10. Bake for 20 minutes.
69
Read the following text to answer questions number 8 to 10.
How to Make a Pencil Case
Steps:
1. Choose the size you want. If you want to put longer items, such as ruler
placed in your pencil case, then you will need a longer pencil case.
2. Find a box that suitable with your choice of size. It does not have to be nice
looking, but strong and clean.
3. Cover the box with paper, any colour.
4. Decorate the container. Try some or all of these following ideas.
Put on same cool sticker.
Decorate with your own art with markers: draw lines, shapes, animals,
people, etc.
Cut some magazine pictures and stick them on it.
Totally cover the box with wrapping paper.
Then, glue on shells, buttons or anything else you want to decorate the
pencil case. Add glitter if you like.
5. Show to all your friends, and be proud of your unique pencil case.
9. From the text above, we can conclude that we have to be … in decorating the
box to have a good result.
a. Box
b. Careful
c. Creative
d. Risky
70
10. “… Add glitter if you like” (step 4). The synonym of the underlined word is
…
a. Haze
b. Becloud
c. Darken
d. Twinkle
Ingredients:
½ of avocado
3 tbs of condensed milk
1 can of coconut water and coconut shavings
Some ice cubes
Instructions:
1. Cut the avocado into small pieces
2. Put ice cubes into the glass
3. Fill ½ of the glass with some coconut water and coconut shavings
4. Add the sliced avocado
5. Add the condensed milk on the top of avocado
6. Mixed Ice is ready to be served.
71
12. You need the following things to make Mixed Ice, except …
a. Avocado
b. Ice cubes
c. Condensed milk
d. Sugar
13. How much coconut water and coconut shavings in the ingredients?
a. 1 glass
b. ½ glass
c. ½ can
d. ¼ glass
14. How many servings can you get from the recipe?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four
15. “You need 3 tbs of condensed milk.” The underlined word is the abbreviation
of …
a. Spoon
b. Teaspoon
c. Tablespoon
d. Cup
72
Click Start Menu.
Click Turn Off.
Click Turn Off again.
Turn off the monitor and the power supply.
17. We must … the “Turn Off” after we click Start Menu to turn off the
computer.
a. Click
b. Press
c. Turn
d. Push
Turn off the computer and unplug power cord from power outlet.
Carefully remove the computer cover.
Set the Master/Slave jumper on the rear panel of drive.
(To get best result, it is strongly suggested that you connect your device to the
Secondary IDE port as the Master device).
Connect the IDE cable to the drive.
Connect the 4-pole power cable to the drive.
Connect the audio cable (if applicable).
Carefully slide the drive into the empty bay and mount it. Then, replace the
computer cover.
Plug your computer back to power outlet and turn the power on.
73
18. The text above shows us how to …
a. Unpack CD-ROM
b. Install CD-ROM
c. Uninstall CD-ROM
d. Remove CD-ROM for computer
21. What does the writer strongly recommend in order to get the best result of the
CD-ROM installation?
a. That we remove the computer cover first.
b. That the computer should be turned off before installing CD-ROM.
c. That the CD-ROM is set as Master device in the Secondary IDE.
d. That CD-ROM is set as Master device in Primary IDE.
22. We have to connect the CD-ROM to the following types of cable, except …
a. Power cable
b. Audio cable
c. IDE cable
d. Monitor cable
74
23. What part of the CD-ROM should be set if you want to apply CD-ROM as
Master or Slave?
a. Motherboard slot
b. IDE slot
c. Cable power
d. Master/Slave jumper
24. “Connect the audio cable (if applicable).” The sentence implies …
a. You may not turn the computer on before connecting the cable.
b. Your CD-ROM may not work properly if you do not connect the cable.
c. It is not necessary to connect the cable if it is not valid.
d. Re-install the CD-ROM if you have not connected the cable.
25. “Connect the IDE cable to the drive.” The word drive refers to …
a. CD-ROM
b. Jumper
c. Motherboard
d. Computer
26. “Carefully slide the drive into the bay and mount it.” The word bay has a
similar meaning to …
a. Jumper
b. Cable
c. Button
d. Compartment
27. “Plug your computer back to power outlet and turn the power on.” The word
outlet in the sentence is similar in meaning to …
a. Button
b. Channel
c. Cable
d. Port
75
The following text is for number 28 to 30.
Chicken Soup
Ingredients:
- 3 pounds, whole fried chicken
- 6 to 8 cups of water
- 1 diced garlic clove
- 1 cup of sliced onion
- 1 cup of sliced celery
- ½ cup of sliced carrots
- 2 cups of chopped leeks
- 3 tablespoons of fresh chopped parsley
- Freshly ground black pepper
- Pinch of salt
Steps:
- Rinse the chicken, and place it in a bowl.
- Add vegetables and enough water to cover them.
- Put the bowl into an oven and boil over medium-high heat.
- Reduce to low and simmer, cover for 90 minutes.
- Remove them from the heat.
- Garnish the steaming hot chicken with parsley, salt and ground black pepper.
- The chicken soup is already to be served.
76
29. What do we do first after rinsing the chicken?
a. Put the bowl into an oven.
b. Place the chicken in a bowl.
c. Reduce heat to low and simmer.
d. Add vegetables and enough water.
Ingredients:
- Some strawberries
- Some grapes
- A banana
- A cup of yoghurt
- Some mint leaves
Steps:
1. Wash the fruit and let them dry on paper towels
2. Cut the strawberries and grapes in half on two slices
3. Slice the banana into chunks
4. Combine all the fruit in the large bowl and mix them
5. Take three spoonful of mixed fruit and put them in a small bowl
6. Add a bit of yoghurt on top of the fruit salad
7. Place a small bundle of mint leaves on the yoghurt as a garnish
8. Sunrise salad in ready to serve
77
31. What is a large bowl for?
a. To put the combination of all fruit
b. To place three spoonful of mixed fruit
c. To add some mixed fruit
d. To mix all the fruit
Read the following text and answer the questions number 34 to 38.
Making Coloured Egg
Materials:
- Hard-boiled eggs (cooled)
- Paper towels
- Food colouring
- Glass jar
- Vinegar
- Salt
- 300ml of hot water
Instructions:
1. Rinse eggs in cold water and dry it with paper towels.
2. To make the dye, pour half a small bottle of food colouring into a glass jar
78
and add 300ml of hot water.
3. Add 300ml vinegar and 15ml salt.
4. Lower an egg into the jar of dye and leave it for a few minutes. Check the
colour of the egg regularly.
5. When the egg has reached the desire colour, lift it out and repeat the process
with the remaining eggs.
79
38. “Add 300ml vinegar and 15ml salt. Lower an egg into the jar of dye and leave
it for a few minutes.” (step 3 and 4)
The word it refers to …
a. Vinegar
b. Salt
c. Egg
d. Jar
Making fried banana or pisang goreng is easy. The materials you need are:
- Bananas
- Flour (if needed)
- Vegetable oil
80
40. The suitable title of the text above is …
a. How to fry bananas c. How to make fried bananas
b. How to roll bananas in flour d. How to slice bananas into pieces
81
43. What should we do after inserting the sim card?
a. Open the cover of the hand phone
b. Disconnect the charger
c. Close the battery with the cover of hand phone
d. Insert the battery inside
45. “Fifth, connect the charger to a hole in the bottom of the phone.”
The antonym of the underlined word is …
a. The height
b. The case
c. The length
d. The upper
Ingredients:
- 250cc hot water
- 50 gram instant porridge
- 1 spoon soya sauce
- 1 spoon chilli sauce
- Crackers
- 10 gram meat floss
Steps:
- Put instant porridge into a bowl.
- Pour 250cc hot water, stir well. Leave it for about 3 minutes until porridge
thickened.
82
- Add soya sauce and chilli sauce.
- Then, spread crackers and meat floss.
- The meat floss porridge is ready to be served.
46. Based on the text, how much instant porridge do you need?
a. 250cc
b. 1 spoon
c. 50 gram
d. 10 gram
Ingredients:
- 1 cucumber: peeled
- 1 papaya: cut into ½ inch cubes
- 1 pineapple: cut into ½ inch cubes
- 1 apple tart: cut into ½ inch cubes
- 1 mango: peeled, cubed.
- 3 tablespoons peanut: fry.
83
- 1 hot chilli pepper: seeded, sliced.
- ¼ cup brown sugar
- ½ tablespoon salt
- 1 tablespoon tamarind: dissolved in ½ cup of water, strained
Directions:
- Mix all the fruit together
- Grind chilli and salt
- Add brown sugar
- Add dry roasted peanuts and grind completely
- Pour some tamarind liquid
- Mix the sauce and fruit together
- Rujak Buah is ready.
84
APPENDIX 4
The Result of Validity and Reliability Test (ANATES)
86
RELIABILITAS TES
================
Rata2= 24,76
Simpang Baku= 8,87
KorelasiXY= 0,87
Reliabilitas Tes= 0,93
Nama berkas:
C:\USERS\ADMIN\DOCUMENTS\ANATES_VALIDITAS_DAN_RELIABILITAS.ANA
87
KELOMPOK UNGGUL & ASOR
======================
Kelompok Unggul
Nama berkas:
C:\USERS\ADMIN\DOCUMENTS\ANATES_VALIDITAS_DAN_RELIABILITAS.ANA
88
1 S25 42 1 1 - 1 1 1 1
2 S18 39 1 - 1 1 1 1 1
3 S1 37 1 1 1 1 1 1 -
4 S4 35 1 1 - 1 1 1 1
5 S7 32 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 S10 32 - 1 1 - 1 - 1
7 S15 32 1 - - 1 1 1 -
Jml Jwb
6 5 4 6 7 6 5
Benar
89
Benar
Kelompok Asor
Nama berkas:
C:\USERS\ADMIN\DOCUMENTS\ANATES_VALIDITAS_DAN_RELIABILITAS.ANA
90
1 S11 19 - - - - - - 1
2 S16 19 - 1 - - - - -
3 S5 15 - - - 1 - - 1
4 S19 15 - - - 1 - - -
5 S24 14 - 1 - 1 - - -
6 S8 13 - - - - - - -
7 S14 7 - - - - - - -
Jml Jwb
0 2 0 3 0 0 2
Benar
91
No.Urut Kode/Nama Skor 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
Subyek
1 S11 19 - - - - - - -
2 S16 19 - - - 1 - - 1
3 S5 15 - - - - 1 - -
4 S19 15 - - - 1 - - 1
5 S24 14 - - - 1 - - -
6 S8 13 1 - 1 - - - 1
7 S14 7 1 - 1 - 1 - -
Jml Jwb
2 0 2 3 2 0 3
Benar
DAYA PEMBEDA
=============
Jumlah Subyek= 25
Klp atas/bawah(n)= 7
Butir Soal= 50
Nama berkas:
C:\USERS\ADMIN\DOCUMENTS\ANATES_VALIDITAS_DAN_RELIABILITAS.ANA
92
11 5 2 3 42,86
12 6 1 5 71,43
13 5 1 4 57,14
14 5 1 4 57,14
15 5 0 5 71,43
16 5 2 3 42,86
17 5 0 5 71,43
18 7 3 4 57,14
19 5 0 5 71,43
20 5 0 5 71,43
21 4 2 2 28,57
22 6 1 5 71,43
23 5 3 2 28,57
24 4 2 2 28,57
25 6 1 5 71,43
26 7 2 5 71,43
27 6 1 5 71,43
28 5 0 5 71,43
29 5 2 3 42,86
30 6 1 5 71,43
31 2 5 -3 -42,86
32 4 3 1 14,29
33 4 2 2 28,57
34 7 2 4 57,14
35 7 3 4 57,14
36 5 0 5 71,43
37 7 2 5 71,43
38 5 3 2 28,57
39 5 2 3 42,86
40 5 3 2 28,57
41 5 0 5 71,43
42 3 2 1 14,29
43 7 2 5 71,43
44 5 0 5 71,43
45 7 2 5 71,43
46 5 3 2 28,57
47 3 2 1 14,29
48 5 0 5 71,43
49 5 3 2 28,57
50 4 2 2 28,57
93
TINGKAT KESUKARAN
=================
Jumlah Subyek= 25
Butir Soal= 50
Nama berkas:
C:\USERS\ADMIN\DOCUMENTS\ANATES_VALIDITAS_DAN_RELIABILITAS.ANA
94
40 14 56,00 Sedang
41 12 48,00 Sedang
42 10 40,00 Sedang
43 11 44,00 Sedang
44 12 48,00 Sedang
45 11 44,00 Sedang
46 14 56,00 Sedang
47 10 40,00 Sedang
48 12 48,00 Sedang
49 12 48,00 Sedang
50 12 48,00 Sedang
Jumlah Subyek= 15
Butir Soal= 50
Nama berkas:
C:\USERS\ADMIN\DOCUMENTS\ANATES_VALIDITAS_DAN_RELIABILITAS.ANA
95
26 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
27 0,720 Sangat Signifikan
28 0,588 Sangat Signifikan
29 0,513 Sangat Signifikan
30 0,720 Sangat Signifikan
31 -0,119 -
32 0,062 -
33 0,204 -
34 0,405 Sangat Signifikan
35 0,405 Sangat Signifikan
36 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
37 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
38 0,337 Signifikan
39 0,513 Sangat Signifikan
40 0,337 Signifikan
41 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
42 0,337 Signifikan
43 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
44 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
45 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
46 0,337 Signifikan
47 0,337 Signifikan
48 0,588 Sangat Signifikan
49 0,165 -
50 0,119 -
96
KUALITAS PENGECOH
=================
Jumlah Subyek= 15
Butir Soal= 50
Nama berkas:
C:\USERS\ADMIN\DOCUMENTS\ANATES_VALIDITAS_DAN_RELIABILITAS.ANA
No Butir A b c d *
1 4++ 6+ 4++ 11** 0
2 5++ 5++ 12** 3+ 0
3 12** 4++ 6+ 3+ 0
4 5+ 3++ 3++ 14** 0
5 5++ 4++ 11** 5++ 0
6 13** 3+ 4++ 5++ 0
7 5++ 4++ 11** 5++ 0
8 13** 3+ 4++ 5++ 0
9 6+ 3+ 13** 3+ 0
10 4++ 4++ 5++ 12** 0
11 2+ 14** 4++ 5+ 0
12 4++ 6+ 4++ 11** 0
13 5++ 5++ 12** 3+ 0
14 12** 4++ 6+ 3+ 0
15 4++ 4++ 12** 5++ 0
16 2+ 14** 4++ 5+ 0
17 12** 4++ 5++ 4++ 0
18 3++ 17** 2+ 3++ 0
19 12** 4++ 5++ 4++ 0
20 4++ 4++ 12** 5++ 0
21 3+ 5++ 12** 5++ 0
22 4++ 6+ 4++ 11** 0
23 3+ 5++ 5++ 12** 0
24 3+ 5++ 12** 5++ 0
25 4++ 6+ 4++ 11** 0
26 5++ 5++ 4++ 11** 0
27 4++ 6+ 4++ 11** 0
28 4++ 4++ 12** 5++ 0
29 2+ 14** 4++ 5+ 0
30 4++ 6+ 4++ 11** 0
31 13** 3+ 4++ 5++ 0
32 6+ 11** 2- 6+ 0
33 13** 3+ 5++ 4++ 0
34 3++ 17** 2+ 3++ 0
35 3++ 17** 2+ 3++ 0
36 12** 4++ 5++ 4++ 0
37 5++ 5++ 4++ 11** 0
38 3++ 4++ 14** 4++ 0
39 2+ 14** 4++ 5+ 0
97
40 3++ 4++ 14** 4++ 0
41 12** 4++ 5++ 4++ 0
42 5++ 10** 5++ 5++ 0
43 5++ 5++ 4++ 11** 0
44 12** 4++ 5++ 4++ 0
45 5++ 5++ 4++ 11** 0
46 3++ 4++ 14** 4++ 0
47 5++ 10** 5++ 5++ 0
48 4++ 4++ 12** 5++ 0
49 3+ 5++ 5++ 12** 0
50 3+ 5++ 12** 5++ 0
Keterangan:
** : Kunci Jawaban
++ : Sangat Baik
+ : Baik
- : Kurang Baik
-- : Buruk
---: Sangat Buruk
98
14 57,14 Sedang 0,459 Sangat Signifikan
15 71,43 Sedang 0,588 Sangat Signifikan
16 42,86 Sedang 0,513 Sangat Signifikan
17 71,43 Sedang 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
18 57,14 Sedang 0,405 Sangat Signifikan
19 71,43 Sedang 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
20 71,43 Sedang 0,588 Sangat Signifikan
21 28,57 Sedang 0,119 -
22 71,43 Sedang 0,720 Sangat Signifikan
23 28,57 Sedang 0,165 -
24 28,57 Sedang 0,119 -
25 71,43 Sedang 0,720 Sangat Signifikan
26 71,43 Sedang 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
27 71,43 Sedang 0,720 Sangat Signifikan
28 71,43 Sedang 0,588 Sangat Signifikan
29 42,86 Sedang 0,513 Sangat Signifikan
30 71,43 Sedang 0,720 Sangat Signifikan
31 -42,86 Sedang -0,119 -
32 14,29 Sedang 0,062 -
33 28,57 Sedang 0,204 -
34 57,14 Sedang 0,405 Sangat Signifikan
35 57,14 Sedang 0,405 Sangat Signifikan
36 71,43 Sedang 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
37 71,43 Sedang 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
38 28,57 Sedang 0,337 Signifikan
39 42,86 Sedang 0,513 Sangat Signifikan
40 28,57 Sedang 0,337 Signifikan
41 71,43 Sedang 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
42 14,29 Sedang 0,337 Signifikan
43 71,43 Sedang 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
44 71,43 Sedang 0,395 Sangat Signifikan
45 71,43 Sedang 0,442 Sangat Signifikan
46 28,57 Sedang 0,337 Signifikan
47 14,29 Sedang 0,337 Signifikan
48 71,43 Sedang 0,588 Sangat Signifikan
49 28,57 Sedang 0,165 -
50 28,57 Sedang 0,119 -
99
APPENDIX 5
The Complete in Performing the Normality Test and Homogeneity Test
1. Normality Test
1. Open SPSS 24
2. The data editor page will show up displaying the toolbars
3. Choose Variable View on the bottom to add the necessary information
and give names to our numerical data as students’ number, pretest
experiment class, pretest control class, etc.
4. Next, move to Data View on the bottom next to Variable View and input
our data there
5. Our data will be displayed. To test the normality, click Analyze
>>Descriptive Text >>Explore >>move pretest/posttest to the Dependent
List and class to the Factor List
6. Click Plots >>checklist Normality plots with tests and Histogram
(optional) >>Continue >>OK
7. The output will be displayed along with the normality test result.
The data is considered normal if the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) displayed is higher
than 0.05
2. Homogeneity Test
1. Open SPSS
2. Click Variable View
3. Input data information such as the name, label, value, etc.
Variable 1:
Name: pretest or posttest
Variable 2:
Name: class
Value: 1= Experiment
Value: 2= Control
4. Input the data in Data View
100
5. Click Analyze >>Comparre Means >>One-Way ANOVA
6. Move Pretest/Posttest to the Dependent List and Class to the Factor List
7. Click Option >>checklist Homogeneity of Variance Test >>Continue
>>OK
8. Output will be displayed along with the normality test result.
The data is considered homogenous if the Sig. Displayed is higher than 0.05
101
APPENDIX 6
KISI-KISI SOAL PRE-TEST
Nama Sekolah : MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda
Kelas :9
Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kurikulum : 2013
Kompetensi Isi Kompetensi Dasar Indikator Indikator Soal Jenis Soal Nomor Soal Jumlah
Memahami pengetahuan Menangkap makna teks Menentukan makna Menentukan makna bacaan PG 3, 7, 16, 19, 26, 32 6
(faktual, konseptual, dan prosedur, lisan dan tulis, bacaan dan struktur Menentukan tujuan teks PG 6, 13, 27, 31 4
prosedural) berdasarkan berbentuk resep dan teks prosedur berupa Menentukan bahan resep PG 1, 17, 18, 33 4
rasa ingin tahunya tentang manual, pendek dan resep dan manual, Menentukan peralatan manual PG 9, 10, 11, 12 4
ilmu pengetahuan, sederhana. pendek dan Menentukan serangkaian langkah PG 2, 15, 20, 21, 22, 7
teknologi, seni, budaya sederhana. kerja (steps) 24, 28
terkait fenomena dan Menentukan unsur Menentukan kalimat imperative PG 4, 8, 14, 23, 34 5
kejadian tampak mata. kebahasaan teks Menentukan kosakata PG 5, 25, 29, 30, 35 5
prosedur.
Jumlah 35
102
APPENDIX 7
Instrument of Pre-test
Instructions:
1. Rinse eggs in cold water and dry it with paper towels.
2. To make the dye, pour half a small bottle of food colouring into a glass jar
and add 300ml of hot water.
3. Add 300ml vinegar and 15ml salt.
4. Lower an egg into the jar of dye and leave it for a few minutes. Check the
colour of the egg regularly.
5. When the egg has reached the desire colour, lift it out and repeat the process
with the remaining eggs.
103
3. From the text above, we get the information on …
a. What colouring eggs are
b. How to make colouring eggs
c. Which the best colouring eggs
d. Where we can dry colouring eggs
4. “Add 300ml vinegar and 15ml salt. Lower an egg into the jar of dye and leave
it for a few minutes.” (step 3 and 4)
The word it refers to …
a. Vinegar
b. Salt
c. Egg
d. Jar
Turn off the computer and unplug power cord from power outlet.
Carefully remove the computer cover.
Set the Master/Slave jumper on the rear panel of drive.
(To get best result, it is strongly suggested that you connect your device to
the Secondary IDE port as the Master device).
Connect the IDE cable to the drive.
Connect the 4-pole power cable to the drive.
Connect the audio cable (if applicable).
Carefully slide the drive into the empty bay and mount it. Then, replace the
computer cover.
Plug your computer back to power outlet and turn the power on.
104
6. What is the purpose of the text?
a. To explain how to install CD-ROM.
b. To tell the readers how to connect computer using CD-ROM.
c. To discuss the influence of CD-ROM on computer work.
d. To measure the effectiveness of computer working with CD-ROM
installed.
10. “Plug your computer back to power outlet and turn the power on.” The word
outlet in the sentence is similar in meaning to …
a. Button
b. Channel
c. Cable
d. Port
105
11. “Connect the IDE cable to the drive.” The word drive refers to …
a. CD-ROM
b. Jumper
c. Motherboard
d. Computer
12. “Carefully slide the drive into the bay and mount it.” The word bay has a
similar meaning to …
a. Jumper
b. Cable
c. Button
d. Compartment
Ingredients:
- 3 pounds, whole fried chicken
- 6 to 8 cups of water
- 1 diced garlic clove
- 1 cup of sliced onion
- 1 cup of sliced celery
- ½ cup of sliced carrots
- 2 cups of chopped leeks
- 3 tablespoons of fresh chopped parsley
- Freshly ground black pepper
- Pinch of salt
Steps:
- Rinse the chicken, and place it in a bowl.
- Add vegetables and enough water to cover them.
- Put the bowl into an oven and boil over medium-high heat.
- Reduce to low and simmer, cover for 90 minutes.
- Remove them from the heat.
- Garnish the steaming hot chicken with parsley, salt and ground black
pepper.
- The chicken soup is already to be served.
106
13. What is the purpose of the text?
a. To describe about a chicken soup.
b. To explain what a chicken soup is.
c. To tell how to make a chicken soup.
d. To entertain the readers about the chicken soup.
Ingredients:
½ of avocado
3 tbs of condensed milk
1 can of coconut water and coconut shavings
Some ice cubes
Instructions:
1. Cut the avocado into small pieces
2. Put ice cubes into the glass
3. Fill ½ of the glass with some coconut water and coconut shavings
4. Add the sliced avocado
5. Add the condensed milk on the top of avocado
6. Mixed Ice is ready to be served.
107
16. The text above tells you …
a. How to mix ice
b. How to make Mixed Ice
c. About avocado
d. How to eat Mixed Ice
17. You need the following things to make Mixed Ice, except …
a. Avocado
b. Ice cubes
c. Condensed milk
d. Sugar
18. How much coconut water and coconut shavings added in the 3rd step?
a. 1 glass
b. ½ glass
c. ½ can
d. 1 can
19. How many servings can you get from the recipe?
a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four
20. “You need 3 tbs of condensed milk.” The underlined word is the abbreviation
of …
a. Spoon
b. Teaspoon
c. Tablespoon
d. Cup
108
Read the following text to answer questions number 21 to 23.
How to Clean an LCD Screen
1. Shake up the detergent and put it 15 – 20 cm away from the LCD screen.
2. Spray on the LCD screen surface directly.
3. Cleanse gently using the fabric cleanser or brush.
22. Before cleaning the surface, we spray the detergent on the screen surface
directly or spray it on …
a. Our fingers
b. The paper
c. The fabric cleanser
d. The brush
23. “Cleanse gently with the fabric cleanser or brush” (step 3). What does the
underlined word mean?
a. Carefully
b. Directly
c. Harshly
d. Cleanly
109
How to turn off a computer
Click Start Menu.
Click Turn Off.
Click Turn Off again.
Turn off the monitor and the power supply.
25. We must … the “Turn Off” after we click Start Menu to turn off the
computer.
a. Click
b. Press
c. Turn
d. Push
110
26. What kind of text is the text above?
a. Procedure text
b. Recount text
c. Narrative text
d. Descriptive text
30. “Fifth, connect the charger to a hole in the bottom of the phone.”
The antonym of the underlined word is …
a. The height
b. The case
c. The length
d. The upper
111
The following text is for number 31 to 32.
Making fried banana or pisang goreng is easy. The materials you need are:
- Bananas
- Flour (if needed)
- Vegetable oil
Ingredients:
- 250cc hot water
- 50 gram instant porridge
- 1 spoon soya sauce
- 1 spoon chilli sauce
- Crackers
112
- 10 gram meat floss
Steps:
- Put instant porridge into a bowl.
- Pour 250cc hot water, stir well. Leave it for about 3 minutes until porridge
thickened.
- Add soya sauce and chilli sauce.
- Then, spread crackers and meat floss.
- The meat floss porridge is ready to be served.
33. Based on the text, how much instant porridge do you need?
a. 250cc
b. 1 spoon
c. 50 gram
d. 10 gram
113
Answer Key of Pre-test
114
APPENDIX 8
KISI-KISI SOAL POST-TEST
Nama Sekolah : MTs Ma’arif Sabilul Huda
Kelas :9
Mata Pelajaran : Bahasa Inggris
Kurikulum : 2013
Kompetensi Isi Kompetensi Dasar Indikator Indikator Soal Jenis Soal Nomor Soal Jumlah
Memahami pengetahuan Menangkap makna teks Menentukan makna Menentukan makna bacaan PG 1, 2, 16, 31 4
(faktual, konseptual, dan prosedur, lisan dan tulis, bacaan dan struktur Menentukan tujuan teks PG 8, 14, 21, 32 4
prosedural) berdasarkan berbentuk resep dan teks prosedur berupa Menentukan bahan resep PG 6, 12, 18, 23, 27, 7
rasa ingin tahunya tentang manual, pendek dan resep dan manual, 28, 30
ilmu pengetahuan, sederhana. pendek dan Menentukan peralatan manual PG 33 1
teknologi, seni, budaya sederhana. Menentukan serangkaian langkah PG 2, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 9
terkait fenomena dan kerja (steps) 22, 24, 29
kejadian tampak mata. Menentukan unsur Menentukan kalimat imperative PG 15, 20, 25, 26 4
kebahasaan teks Menentukan kosakata PG 4, 5, 9, 10, 34, 35 6
prosedur.
Jumlah 35
115
APPENDIX 9
Instrument of Post-test
Ingredients:
- 4 red potatoes
- 1 tablespoon olive oil
- 1 onion, chopped
- 1 green bell pepper, seeded and chopped
- 2 tablespoons olive oil
- 1 teaspoon salt
- 3/4 teaspoon paprika
- 1/4 teaspoon ground black pepper
- 1/4 cup chopped fresh parsley
Equipment:
- Large skillet
- Plate
- Pot
Steps:
1. Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add potatoes and cook until
tender but still firm, about 15 minutes.
2. Drain the potatoes and cut them into 1/2 inch cubes when they are already
cool.
3. In a large skillet, heat 1 tablespoon olive oil over medium high heat. Add
onion and green pepper. Cook about 5 minutes stirring often, until soft.
Transfer to a plate and set aside.
4. Pour remaining 2 tablespoons of oil into the skillet and turn heat to medium-
high.
5. Add potato cubes, salt, paprika and black pepper. Cook, stirring
occasionally, until potatoes are browned about 10 minutes.
6. Stir in the onions, green peppers and parsley and cook for another minute.
Serve hot
116
1. The text tells you about….
a. The Potatoes and Their Use
b. How to Make Fried Potatoes
c. Boiling Potatoes in Good Ways
d. Someone’s Experience in Cooking
5. “Drain the potatoes and cut them into 1/2 inch cubes when they are already
cool.” (step 2)
What does the word “they” in the sentence refer to?
a. The utensils.
b. The cubes
c. The potatoes
d. ½ inch
117
Read the following text to answer number 6 to 10.
Making Coloured Egg
Materials:
- Hard-boiled eggs (cooled)
- Paper towels
- Food colouring
- Glass jar
- Vinegar
- Salt
- 300ml of hot water
Instructions:
1. Rinse eggs in cold water and dry it with paper towels.
2. To make the dye, pour half a small bottle of food colouring into a glass jar
and add 300ml of hot water.
3. Add 300ml vinegar and 15ml salt.
4. Lower an egg into the jar of dye and leave it for a few minutes. Check the
colour of the egg regularly.
5. When the egg has reached the desire colour, lift it out and repeat the process
with the remaining eggs.
118
8. From the text above, we get the information on …
a. What colouring eggs are
b. Making coloured eggs
c. Which the best colouring eggs
d. Where we can dry colouring eggs
9. “Add 300ml vinegar and 15ml salt. Lower an egg into the jar of dye and leave
it for a few minutes.” (step 3 and 4)
The word it refers to …
a. Vinegar
b. Salt
c. Egg
d. Jar
Ingredients:
- 150 grams tempe
- 1 tablespoon flour
- 1 egg
- 1 tablespoon of Royco
- 1 cup of vegetable oil
Instructions:
- Mash tempe with a fork
- Put the mashed tempe in a bowl and mix with the flour and Royco, followed
by an egg.
- Shape the tempe into the size of a golf ball and flatten a little with a fork.
119
- Heat the vegetable oil in a medium flame. When the oil is hot, drop the
tempe into the oil, five or six at a time.
- Fry until golden brown on both sides.
- Drain on absorbent paper and serve hot with chilli or sauce
120
15. The language feature of this text is …
a. Past Tense
b. Gerund
c. Imperative sentences
d. Passive sentences
Steps:
1. Cut round the flannel about 5x3cm and make spiral in it.
2. Glue each side of spiral flannel.
3. Twist it from central until the end (look like a rose).
4. Cut the flannel in a rectangle (the size depends on your finger).
5. Put the rose in a rectangle and glue it.
6. Flannel rose ring is ready to wear.
121
18. Based on the text. How big the size of flannel needed?
a. Less than 10x10cm
b. Only 10x10cm
c. About 10x10cm
d. More than 10x10cm
Ingredients:
- 2 cups of heavy cream
- 1 cup whole milk
- 2/3 cup sugar
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Steps:
1. First, mix the ingredients.
2. Second, heat until the sugar is dissolved.
3. Third, chill the mixture in the refrigerator.
4. Next, freeze the ice cream in an ice cream maker.
5. After that, add chopped chocolate bar.
6. Finally, finish freezing the ice cream.
122
21. What is the purpose of the text?
a. How to make an ice cream
b. How to add chocolate in an ice cream
c. To make an ice cream freeze
d. To know about ice cream
23. What should we do first to make an ice cream based on the text?
a. Buy the ingredients
b. Mix the ingredients
c. Heat the sugar until dissolved
d. Add the ingredients to dissolved sugar
25. After we heat until the sugar dissolved, what should we do next?
a. Freeze the ice cream in an ice cream maker
b. Freeze the ice cream a refrigerator
c. Add chopped chocolate bar
d. Chill the mixture in the refrigerator
123
26. What the next step after chill the mixture in the refrigerator?
a. Add chopped chocolate bar
b. Freeze the ice cream in an ice cream maker
c. Finish freezing the ice cream
d. Heat the cream with sugar
124
Read the text carefully and answer questions number 31 to 35.
The ways to activate the hand phone
125
34. “The ways to activate the hand phone”
The synonym of the underlined word is …
a. Steps
b. Performances
c. Ingredients
d. Devices
35. “Fifth, connect the charger to a hole in the bottom of the phone.”
The antonym of the underlined word is …
a. The height
b. The case
c. The length
d. The upper
126
Answer Key of Post-test
127
APPENDIX 10
RPP KELAS EKSPERIMEN
Pertemuan ke 1 & 2
A. Kompetensi Inti
1. Menghargai dan Menghayati ajaran agama yang dianutnya.
2. Menghargai dan menghayati perilaku jujur, disiplin, tanggungjawab, peduli
(toleransi, gotong royong), santun, percaya diri, dalam berinteraksi secara efektif
dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam dalam jangkauan pergaulan dan keberadaannya.
3. Memahami dan menerapkan pengetahuan (faktual, konseptual, dan prosedural)
berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya
terkait fenomena dan kejadian yang tampak mata.
4. Mengolah, menyaji, dan menalar dalam ranah konkret (menggunakan, mengurai,
merangkai, memodifikasi dan membuat), dan ranah abstrak (menulis, membaca,
menghitung, menggambar, dan mengarang)sesuai dengan yang dipelajari di sekolah
dan sumber lain yang sama dalam sudut pandang/teori.
B. Kompetensi Dasar
1.1 Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa
pengantar komunikasi internasional yang diwujudkan dalam semangat belajar.
2.1 Menunjukkan perilaku santun dan peduli dalam melaksanakan komunikasi
interpersonal dengan guru dan teman.
2.2 Menunjukkan perilaku jujur, disiplin, percaya diri, dan bertanggung jawab dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi transaksional dengan guru dan teman.
2.3 Menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab, peduli, kerjasama, dan cinta damai, dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi fungsional.
3.7 Menerapkan struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan untuk melaksanakan fungsi sosial
teks prosedur dengan menyatakan dan menanyakan tentang resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.
4.7 Menangkap makna teks prosedur, lisan dan tulis, berbentuk resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana.
D. Materi Pembelajaran
Teks lisan dan tulis teks prosedur berbentuk resep pendek dan sederhana
Fungsi sosial
Mencapai hasil terbaik secara efisien, menghindari kecelakaan, kerusakan, pemborosan,
dsb.
Struktur teks
(gagasan utama dan informasi rinci)
Ungkapan baku yang digunakan dalam (a) resep dan (b) manual, dari sumber-sumber
otentik.
a. Menyebutkan tujuan
b. Menyebutkan bahan dan/atau peralatan (jika diperlukan, opsional)
c. Menyebutkan serangkaian langkah kerja secara urut dan runtut untuk mencapai
tujuan
Unsur kebahasaan
(1) Tata bahasa: kalimat imperatif, negatif dan positif
(2) Ungkapan dan kosa kata yang lazim digunakan dalam bentuk resep
(3) Penggunaan nominal singular dan plural secara tepat, dengan atau tanpa a, the, this,
those, my, their, dsb secara tepat dalam frasa nominal
(4) Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi
(5) Ejaan dan tanda baca
(6) Tulisan tangan
Topik
Makanan, minuman dan barang yang lazim atau terkait dengan hidup siswa di sekolah,
rumah, dan masyarakat dengan memberikan keteladanan tentang perilaku jujur, disiplin,
percaya diri, kerjasama dan bertanggung jawab.
E. Metode Pembelajaran
Metode Total Physical Response.
129
F. Kegiatan Pembelajaran
Pertemuan Pertama: 2 Jam Pertemuan
Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
Kegiatan Memuat Kegiatan 15 menit
Pendahuluan 1. Berdo’a
2. Mengecek Kehadiran Siswa
3. Menyampaikan kompetensi yang akan dicapai dan
manfaatnya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
4. Menyampaikan garis besar cakupan materi dan
kegiatan yang akan dilakukan; dan menyampaikan
lingkup dan teknik penilaian yang akan digunakan.
- Menanya 15 menit
1. Peserta didik menanyakan kata-kata yang tidak
diketahuinya.
2. Peserta didik mengidentifikasi bahan-bahan yang
digunakan di dalam resep How to Make Pisang
Goreng dengan cara menuliskan kata-kata
tersebut sambil mengucapkannya dengan tepat.
3. Peserta didik menanyakan cara menyampaikan
bahan resep secara lisan dengan tepat.
4. Peserta didik mengidentifikasi tindakan-tindakan
yang digunakan di dalam resep dengan cara
menuliskan kata-kata tersebut sambil
mengucapkannya dengan tepat.
5. Peserta didik menanyakan cara menyampaikan
langkah-langkah dalam resep dengan gerakan-
gerakan yang tepat.
- Mengumpulkan Informasi 20 menit
1. Peserta didik secara berkelompok mengurutkan
resep How to Make Pisang Goreng yang disajikan
secara acak.
2. Peserta didik menuliskan resep yang telah
diurutkan dengan menggunakan struktur teks
yang tepat.
3. Peserta didik membacakan dan memperagakan
resep yang telah ditulisnya secara berkelompok di
depan kelas.
Mengkomunikasi 20 menit
1. Peserta didik membuat rangkuman sendiri tentang
apa yang telah dipelajarinya dan memajangnya di
dinding kelas.
131
Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
Kegiatan Memuat Kegiatan 15 menit
Penutup 1. Peserta didik beserta guru membuat simpulan dari
kegiatan yang baru saja dilakukan.
2. Peserta didik melakukan refleksi terhadap kegiatan
yang sudah dilaksanakan.
3. Guru menyampaiakan rencana pembelajaran untuk
pertemuan mendatang.
G. Penilaian
1. Teknik penilaian
a. Penilaian Sikap
1) Observasi
2) Penilaian Diri Sendiri
b. Penilaian Pengetahuan
1) Penugasan
c. Penilaian Keterampilan
1) Unjuk kerja/praktek/lisan
2. Instrumen penilaian
a. Pertemuan Pertama
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Penilaian Sikap Spiritual
Making fried banana or pisang goreng is easy. The materials you need are:
(Well Arranged)
132
- Bananas
- Flour (if needed)
- Vegetable oil
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Make Pisang Goreng
No. Steps
1. First, slice bananas into pieces.
2. Second, heat the vegetable oil until hot.
3. Then, Fry the bananas until they turn brown. (Otherwise, roll the bananas in flour
before frying them).
4. After that, put them on a plate.
5. If you like, you can sprinkle some sugar on top.
6. Finally, fried banana or pisang goreng is already to serve.
Skor:
Tiap jawaban benar skor 5.
Jumlah skor maksimal = 5 x 6 = 30
Skor perolehan =
b. Pertemuan Kedua
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Judul : ……………………….
Nama : ……………………….
Kelompok : ……………………….
Kegiatan : ……………………….
Isilah pernyataan berikut dengan jujur. Untuk no 1 s.d 5 isilah dengan angka 4 – 1 di depan
tiap pernyataan:
2) Penilaian Keterampilan
How to Make Es Campur
Fill the ingredients from the instructions!
…………………
…………………
…………………
…………………
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Make Es Campur
Ingredients:
½ of avocado
3 tbs of condensed milk
1 can of coconut water and coconut shavings
Some ice cubes
Instructions:
1. First, cut the avocado into small pieces
2. Second, put ice cubes into the glass
3. Then, fill ½ of the glass with some coconut water and coconut shavings
4. Then, add the sliced avocado
5. Last, add the condensed milk on the top of avocado
Skor Penilaian:
No. Deskripsi Skor
1. Menyebutkan bahan resep dengan benar 4
2. Mengurutkan langkah-langkah dengan benar 6
134
Jumlah 10
Nilai maksimal = 10 x 10 = 100
Nilai perolehan = jumlah skor yang diperolah x 10
2. Bahan
Text Script, etc.
3. Sumber Belajar
Buku Paket Bahasa Inggris SMP/MTs kelas IX “When English Rings a Bell”
Sumber dari internet: www.dailyenglish.com, www.google.com
135
APPENDIX 10
RPP KELAS EKSPERIMEN
Pertemuan ke 3 & 4
A. Kompetensi Inti
1. Menghargai dan Menghayati ajaran agama yang dianutnya.
2. Menghargai dan menghayati perilaku jujur, disiplin, tanggungjawab, peduli
(toleransi, gotong royong), santun, percaya diri, dalam berinteraksi secara efektif
dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam dalam jangkauan pergaulan dan keberadaannya.
3. Memahami dan menerapkan pengetahuan (faktual, konseptual, dan prosedural)
berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya
terkait fenomena dan kejadian yang tampak mata.
4. Mengolah, menyaji, dan menalar dalam ranah konkret (menggunakan, mengurai,
merangkai, memodifikasi dan membuat), dan ranah abstrak (menulis, membaca,
menghitung, menggambar, dan mengarang)sesuai dengan yang dipelajari di sekolah
dan sumber lain yang sama dalam sudut pandang/teori.
B. Kompetensi Dasar
1.1 Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa
pengantar komunikasi internasional yang diwujudkan dalam semangat belajar.
2.1 Menunjukkan perilaku santun dan peduli dalam melaksanakan komunikasi
interpersonal dengan guru dan teman.
2.2 Menunjukkan perilaku jujur, disiplin, percaya diri, dan bertanggung jawab dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi transaksional dengan guru dan teman.
2.3 Menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab, peduli, kerjasama, dan cinta damai, dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi fungsional.
3.7 Menerapkan struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan untuk melaksanakan fungsi sosial
teks prosedur dengan menyatakan dan menanyakan tentang resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.
4.7 Menangkap makna teks prosedur, lisan dan tulis, berbentuk resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana.
D. Materi Pembelajaran
Teks lisan dan tulis teks prosedur berbentuk manual pendek dan sederhana
Fungsi sosial
Mencapai hasil terbaik secara efisien, menghindari kecelakaan, kerusakan, pemborosan,
dsb.
Struktur teks
(gagasan utama dan informasi rinci)
Ungkapan baku yang digunakan dalam (a) resep dan (b) manual, dari sumber-sumber
otentik.
a. Menyebutkan tujuan
b. Menyebutkan bahan dan/atau peralatan (jika diperlukan, opsional)
c. Menyebutkan serangkaian langkah kerja secara urut dan runtut untuk mencapai
tujuan
Unsur kebahasaan
(1) Tata bahasa: kalimat imperatif, negatif dan positif
(2) Ungkapan dan kosa kata yang lazim digunakan dalam bentuk manual
(3) Penggunaan nominal singular dan plural secara tepat, dengan atau tanpa a, the, this,
those, my, their, dsb secara tepat dalam frasa nominal
(4) Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi
(5) Ejaan dan tanda baca
(6) Tulisan tangan
Topik
Makanan, minuman dan barang yang lazim atau terkait dengan hidup siswa di sekolah,
rumah, dan masyarakat dengan memberikan keteladanan tentang perilaku jujur, disiplin,
percaya diri, kerjasama dan bertanggung jawab.
E. Metode Pembelajaran
Metode Total Physical Response.
137
F. Kegiatan Pembelajaran
Pertemuan Pertama: 2 Jam Pertemuan
Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
Kegiatan Memuat Kegiatan 15 menit
Pendahuluan 1. Berdo’a
2. Mengecek Kehadiran Siswa
3. Menyampaikan kompetensi yang akan dicapai dan
manfaatnya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
4. Menyampaikan garis besar cakupan materi dan
kegiatan yang akan dilakukan; dan menyampaikan
lingkup dan teknik penilaian yang akan digunakan.
- Menanya
1. Peserta didik menanyakan kata-kata yang tidak
diketahuinya.
2. Peserta didik mengidentifikasi alat-alat yang
terdapat di dalam manual How to Activate a Hand
Phone dengan cara menuliskan kata-kata tersebut
sambil mengucapkannya dengan tepat.
3. Peserta didik menanyakan cara menyampaikan 15 menit
langkah-langkah yang terdapat dalam manual
secara lisan dengan tepat.
4. Peserta didik mengidentifikasi langkah-langkah
yang digunakan di dalam manual dengan cara
menuliskan kata-kata tersebut sambil
mengucapkannya dengan tepat.
5. Peserta didik menanyakan cara menyampaikan
langkah-langkah dalam manual dengan gerakan-
gerakan yang tepat.
- Mengumpulkan Informasi 20 menit
1. Peserta didik secara berkelompok mengurutkan
manual How to Activate a Hand Phone yang
disajikan secara acak.
2. Peserta didik menuliskan manual yang telah
diurutkan sebelumnya dengan menggunakan
struktur teks yang tepat.
3. Peserta didik secara berkelompok membacakan
dan memperagakan manual yang telah ditulis
sebelumnya di depan kelas.
139
Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
Kegiatan Memuat Kegiatan 15 menit
Penutup 1. Peserta didik beserta Guru membuat simpulan dari
kegiatan yang baru saja dilakukan.
2. Peserta didik melakukan refleksi terhadap kegiatan
yang sudah dilaksanakan.
3. Guru dan peserta didik menutup kelas dengan
mengucapkan do’a bersama.
G. Penilaian
1. Teknik penilaian
a. Penilaian Sikap
1) Observasi
2) Penilaian Diri Sendiri
b. Penilaian Pengetahuan
1) Penugasan
c. Penilaian Keterampilan
1) Unjuk kerja/praktek/lisan
2. Instrumen penilaian
a. Pertemuan Pertama
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Penilaian Sikap Spiritual
140
take three up to five hours.
- Then, activate the hand phone by pushing the power button.
- First, open the cover of the hand phone.
- Third, insert the sim card to its slot and put back the battery.
- Fourth, close the battery with the cover of the hand phone.
- Secondly, open the battery part of the phone and you can find sim card slot inside.
- Finally, the hand phone is activated and ready to use.
- Next, when the battery is fully charged, the bar will stop scrolling.
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Activate a Hand Phone
No. Steps
1. First, open the cover of the hand phone.
2. Secondly, open the battery part of the phone and you can find sim card slot inside.
3. Third, insert the sim card to its slot and put back the battery.
4. Fourth, close the battery with the cover of the hand phone.
5. Fifth, connect the charger to a hole in the bottom of the phone. Charging the battery
may take three up to five hours.
6. Next, when the battery is fully charged, the bar will stop scrolling.
7. Then, activate the hand phone by pushing the power button.
8. Finally, the hand phone is activated and ready to use.
Skor:
Tiap jawaban benar skor 5.
Jumlah skor maksimal = 5 x 8 = 40
Skor perolehan =
b. Pertemuan Kedua
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Judul : ……………………….
Nama : ……………………….
Kelompok : ……………………….
Kegiatan : ……………………….
Isilah pernyataan berikut dengan jujur. Untuk no 1 s.d 5 isilah dengan angka 4 – 1 di depan
tiap pernyataan:
2) Penilaian Keterampilan
How to Wear a Life Jacket
Re-arrange these following instructions!
1. Then, tie or clip the straps together around your waist tightly.
2. Firstly, put the life jacket over your head to your neck.
3. Last, blow the whistle to attract the attention.
4. After that, inflate your life jacket by pulling down the red toggle.
5. If the life jacket does not fully inflate, blow into the mouthpiece to inflate manually.
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Wear a Life Jacket
Instructions:
1. Firstly, put the life jacket over your head to your neck.
2. Then, tie or clip the straps together around your waist tightly.
3. After that, inflate your life jacket by pulling down the red toggle.
4. If the life jacket does not fully inflate, blow into the mouthpiece to inflate manually.
5. Last, blow the whistle to attract the attention.
Skor Penilaian:
No. Deskripsi Skor
1. Membacakan dan memperagakan langkah-langkah dalam teks 5
dengan lafal, intonasi dan gerakan yang tepat
2. Mengurutkan langkah-langkah dengan benar 5
Jumlah 10
Nilai maksimal = 10 x 10 = 100
Nilai perolehan = jumlah skor yang diperolah x 10
2. Bahan
Text Script, etc.
3. Sumber Belajar
Buku Paket Bahasa Inggris SMP/MTs kelas IX “When English Rings a Bell”
Sumber dari internet: www.dailyenglish.com, www.google.com
142
Bogor, 5 November 2018
Mengetahui,
Guru Mata Pelajaran Peneliti
143
APPENDIX 11
RPP KELAS KONTROL
Pertemuan ke 1 & 2
A. Kompetensi Inti
1. Menghargai dan Menghayati ajaran agama yang dianutnya.
2. Menghargai dan menghayati perilaku jujur, disiplin, tanggungjawab, peduli
(toleransi, gotong royong), santun, percaya diri, dalam berinteraksi secara efektif
dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam dalam jangkauan pergaulan dan keberadaannya.
3. Memahami dan menerapkan pengetahuan (faktual, konseptual, dan prosedural)
berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya
terkait fenomena dan kejadian yang tampak mata.
4. Mengolah, menyaji, dan menalar dalam ranah konkret (menggunakan, mengurai,
merangkai, memodifikasi dan membuat), dan ranah abstrak (menulis, membaca,
menghitung, menggambar, dan mengarang)sesuai dengan yang dipelajari di sekolah
dan sumber lain yang sama dalam sudut pandang/teori.
B. Kompetensi Dasar
1.1 Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa
pengantar komunikasi internasional yang diwujudkan dalam semangat belajar.
2.1 Menunjukkan perilaku santun dan peduli dalam melaksanakan komunikasi
interpersonal dengan guru dan teman.
2.2 Menunjukkan perilaku jujur, disiplin, percaya diri, dan bertanggung jawab dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi transaksional dengan guru dan teman.
2.3 Menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab, peduli, kerjasama, dan cinta damai, dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi fungsional.
3.7 Menerapkan struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan untuk melaksanakan fungsi sosial
teks prosedur dengan menyatakan dan menanyakan tentang resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.
4.7 Menangkap makna teks prosedur, lisan dan tulis, berbentuk resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana.
D. Materi Pembelajaran
Teks lisan dan tulis teks prosedur berbentuk resep pendek dan sederhana
Fungsi sosial
Mencapai hasil terbaik secara efisien, menghindari kecelakaan, kerusakan, pemborosan,
dsb.
Struktur teks
(gagasan utama dan informasi rinci)
Ungkapan baku yang digunakan dalam (a) resep dan (b) manual, dari sumber-sumber
otentik.
a. Menyebutkan tujuan
b. Menyebutkan bahan dan/atau peralatan (jika diperlukan, opsional)
c. Menyebutkan serangkaian langkah kerja secara urut dan runtut untuk mencapai
tujuan
Unsur kebahasaan
(1) Tata bahasa: kalimat imperatif, negatif dan positif
(2) Ungkapan dan kosa kata yang lazim digunakan dalam bentuk resep
(3) Penggunaan nominal singular dan plural secara tepat, dengan atau tanpa a, the, this,
those, my, their, dsb secara tepat dalam frasa nominal
(4) Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi
(5) Ejaan dan tanda baca
(6) Tulisan tangan
Topik
Makanan, minuman dan barang yang lazim atau terkait dengan hidup siswa di sekolah,
rumah, dan masyarakat dengan memberikan keteladanan tentang perilaku jujur, disiplin,
percaya diri, kerjasama dan bertanggung jawab.
E. Metode Pembelajaran
Pendekatan Saintifik dengan model Discovery Learning.
145
F. Kegiatan Pembelajaran
Pertemuan Pertama: 2 Jam Pertemuan
Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
Kegiatan Memuat Kegiatan 15 menit
Pendahuluan 1. Berdo’a
2. Mengecek Kehadiran Siswa
3. Menyampaikan kompetensi yang akan dicapai dan
manfaatnya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
4. Menyampaikan garis besar cakupan materi dan
kegiatan yang akan dilakukan; dan menyampaikan
lingkup dan teknik penilaian yang akan digunakan.
Mengkomunikasi 20 menit
1. Peserta didik membuat rangkuman sendiri tentang
147
Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
apa yang telah dipelajarinya dan memajangnya di
dinding kelas.
G. Penilaian
1. Teknik penilaian
a. Penilaian Sikap
1) Observasi
2) Penilaian Diri Sendiri
b. Penilaian Pengetahuan
1) Penugasan
c. Penilaian Keterampilan
1) Unjuk kerja/praktek/lisan
2. Instrumen penilaian
a. Pertemuan Pertama
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Penilaian Sikap Spiritual
148
2) Penilaian Kompetensi Pengetahuan
Making fried banana or pisang goreng is easy. The materials you need are:
(Well Arranged)
- Bananas
- Flour (if needed)
- Vegetable oil
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Make Pisang Goreng
No. Steps
1. First, slice bananas into pieces.
2. Second, heat the vegetable oil until hot.
3. Then, Fry the bananas until they turn brown. (Otherwise, roll the bananas in flour
before frying them).
4. After that, put them on a plate.
5. If you like, you can sprinkle some sugar on top.
6. Finally, fried banana or pisang goreng is already to serve.
Skor:
Tiap jawaban benar skor 5.
Jumlah skor maksimal = 5 x 6 = 30
Skor perolehan =
b. Pertemuan Kedua
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Judul : ……………………….
149
Nama : ……………………….
Kelompok : ……………………….
Kegiatan : ……………………….
Isilah pernyataan berikut dengan jujur. Untuk no 1 s.d 5 isilah dengan angka 4 – 1 di depan
tiap pernyataan:
2) Penilaian Keterampilan
How to Make Es Campur
Fill the ingredients from the instructions!
…………………
…………………
…………………
…………………
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Make Es Campur
Ingredients:
½ of avocado
3 tbs of condensed milk
1 can of coconut water and coconut shavings
Some ice cubes
Instructions:
1. First, cut the avocado into small pieces
2. Second, put ice cubes into the glass
3. Then, fill ½ of the glass with some coconut water and coconut shavings
150
4. Then, add the sliced avocado
5. Last, add the condensed milk on the top of avocado
Skor Penilaian:
No. Deskripsi Skor
1. Menyebutkan bahan resep dengan benar 4
2. Mengurutkan langkah-langkah dengan benar 6
Jumlah 10
Nilai maksimal = 10 x 10 = 100
Nilai perolehan = jumlah skor yang diperolah x 10
2. Bahan
Text Script, etc.
3. Sumber Belajar
Buku Paket Bahasa Inggris SMP/MTs kelas IX “When English Rings a Bell”
Sumber dari internet: www.dailyenglish.com, www.google.com
151
APPENDIX 11
RPP KELAS KONTROL
Pertemuan ke 3 & 4
A. Kompetensi Inti
1. Menghargai dan Menghayati ajaran agama yang dianutnya.
2. Menghargai dan menghayati perilaku jujur, disiplin, tanggungjawab, peduli
(toleransi, gotong royong), santun, percaya diri, dalam berinteraksi secara efektif
dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam dalam jangkauan pergaulan dan keberadaannya.
3. Memahami dan menerapkan pengetahuan (faktual, konseptual, dan prosedural)
berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya
terkait fenomena dan kejadian yang tampak mata.
4. Mengolah, menyaji, dan menalar dalam ranah konkret (menggunakan, mengurai,
merangkai, memodifikasi dan membuat), dan ranah abstrak (menulis, membaca,
menghitung, menggambar, dan mengarang)sesuai dengan yang dipelajari di sekolah
dan sumber lain yang sama dalam sudut pandang/teori.
B. Kompetensi Dasar
1.1 Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa
pengantar komunikasi internasional yang diwujudkan dalam semangat belajar.
2.1 Menunjukkan perilaku santun dan peduli dalam melaksanakan komunikasi
interpersonal dengan guru dan teman.
2.2 Menunjukkan perilaku jujur, disiplin, percaya diri, dan bertanggung jawab dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi transaksional dengan guru dan teman.
2.3 Menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab, peduli, kerjasama, dan cinta damai, dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi fungsional.
3.7 Menerapkan struktur teks dan unsur kebahasaan untuk melaksanakan fungsi sosial
teks prosedur dengan menyatakan dan menanyakan tentang resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya.
4.7 Menangkap makna teks prosedur, lisan dan tulis, berbentuk resep dan manual,
pendek dan sederhana.
D. Materi Pembelajaran
Teks lisan dan tulis teks prosedur berbentuk manual pendek dan sederhana
Fungsi sosial
Mencapai hasil terbaik secara efisien, menghindari kecelakaan, kerusakan, pemborosan,
dsb.
Struktur teks
(gagasan utama dan informasi rinci)
Ungkapan baku yang digunakan dalam (a) resep dan (b) manual, dari sumber-sumber
otentik.
a. Menyebutkan tujuan
b. Menyebutkan bahan dan/atau peralatan (jika diperlukan, opsional)
c. Menyebutkan serangkaian langkah kerja secara urut dan runtut untuk mencapai
tujuan
Unsur kebahasaan
(1) Tata bahasa: kalimat imperatif, negatif dan positif
(2) Ungkapan dan kosa kata yang lazim digunakan dalam bentuk manual
(3) Penggunaan nominal singular dan plural secara tepat, dengan atau tanpa a, the, this,
those, my, their, dsb secara tepat dalam frasa nominal
(4) Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi
(5) Ejaan dan tanda baca
(6) Tulisan tangan
Topik
Makanan, minuman dan barang yang lazim atau terkait dengan hidup siswa di sekolah,
rumah, dan masyarakat dengan memberikan keteladanan tentang perilaku jujur, disiplin,
percaya diri, kerjasama dan bertanggung jawab.
E. Metode Pembelajaran
Pendekatan Saintifik dengan model Discovery Learning.
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F. Kegiatan Pembelajaran
Pertemuan Pertama: 2 Jam Pertemuan
Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
Kegiatan Memuat Kegiatan 15 menit
Pendahuluan 1. Berdo’a
2. Mengecek Kehadiran Siswa
3. Menyampaikan kompetensi yang akan dicapai dan
manfaatnya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
4. Menyampaikan garis besar cakupan materi dan
kegiatan yang akan dilakukan; dan menyampaikan
lingkup dan teknik penilaian yang akan digunakan.
Mengkomunikasi
1. Peserta didik membuat rangkuman sendiri tentang
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Langkah Deskripsi Kegiatan Alokasi
Pembelajaran Waktu
apa yang telah dipelajarinya dan memajangnya di 20 menit
dinding kelas.
G. Penilaian
1. Teknik penilaian
a. Penilaian Sikap
1) Observasi
2) Penilaian Diri Sendiri
b. Penilaian Pengetahuan
1) Penugasan
c. Penilaian Keterampilan
1) Unjuk kerja/praktek/lisan
2. Instrumen penilaian
a. Pertemuan Pertama
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Penilaian Sikap Spiritual
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You need to re-arrange these following instructions. (Work in group)
- Fifth, connect the charger to a hole in the bottom of the phone. Charging the battery may
take three up to five hours.
- Then, activate the hand phone by pushing the power button.
- First, open the cover of the hand phone.
- Third, insert the sim card to its slot and put back the battery.
- Fourth, close the battery with the cover of the hand phone.
- Secondly, open the battery part of the phone and you can find sim card slot inside.
- Finally, the hand phone is activated and ready to use.
- Next, when the battery is fully charged, the bar will stop scrolling.
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Activate a Hand Phone
No. Steps
1. First, open the cover of the hand phone.
2. Secondly, open the battery part of the phone and you can find sim card slot inside.
3. Third, insert the sim card to its slot and put back the battery.
4. Fourth, close the battery with the cover of the hand phone.
5. Fifth, connect the charger to a hole in the bottom of the phone. Charging the battery
may take three up to five hours.
6. Next, when the battery is fully charged, the bar will stop scrolling.
7. Then, activate the hand phone by pushing the power button.
8. Finally, the hand phone is activated and ready to use.
Skor:
Tiap jawaban benar skor 5.
Jumlah skor maksimal = 5 x 8 = 40
Skor perolehan =
b. Pertemuan Kedua
1) Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap
Judul : ……………………….
Nama : ……………………….
Kelompok : ……………………….
Kegiatan : ……………………….
Isilah pernyataan berikut dengan jujur. Untuk no 1 s.d 5 isilah dengan angka 4 – 1 di depan
tiap pernyataan:
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4= Selalu, 3= Sering, 2= Kadang-kadang, 1= Tidak Pernah
2) Penilaian Keterampilan
How to Wear a Life Jacket
Kunci Jawaban:
How to Wear a Life Jacket
Instructions:
1. Firstly, put the life jacket over your head to your neck.
2. Then, tie or clip the straps together around your waist tightly.
3. After that, inflate your life jacket by pulling down the red toggle.
4. If the life jacket does not fully inflate, blow into the mouthpiece to inflate manually.
5. Last, blow the whistle to attract the attention.
Skor Penilaian:
No. Deskripsi Skor
1. Membacakan langkah-langkah dalam teks dengan lafal dan intonasi 5
yang tepat
2. Mengurutkan langkah-langkah dengan benar 5
Jumlah 10
Nilai maksimal = 10 x 10 = 100
Nilai perolehan = jumlah skor yang diperolah x 10
2. Bahan
Text Script, etc.
3. Sumber Belajar
Buku Paket Bahasa Inggris SMP/MTs kelas IX “When English Rings a Bell”
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Sumber dari internet: www.dailyenglish.com, www.google.com
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