Escola

Secundária de Proposta de Resolução da Ficha de Trabalho 4

Paredes

Matemática A

11.º Ano de Escolaridade Turma: K

1. .
1
1.1. un = 2 + > 2, ∀n ∈ N
n+2
 
1 1
lim(un ) = lim 2 + =2+ = 2 + 0+ = 2+
n+2 +∞
 
1 1 1 1
Então, lim(f (un )) = lim 3 + =3+ =3+ + = 3 + + = 3 + ∞ = +∞
un − 2 lim(un ) − 2 2 −2 0
2
1.2. vn = 2 − < 2, ∀n ∈ N
n+1
 
2 2
lim(vn ) = lim 2 − =2− = 2 − 0+ = 2−
n+1 +∞
 
1 1 1 1
Então, lim(f (vn )) = lim 3 + =3+ =3+ − = 3 + − = 3 − ∞ = −∞
vn − 2 lim(vn ) − 2 2 −2 0
1.3. zn = n2


lim(zn ) = lim n2 = +∞
 
1 1 1
Então, lim(f (zn )) = lim 3 + =3+ =3+ = 3 + 0+ = 3+
zn − 2 lim(zn ) − 2 +∞
1.4. tn = 1 − n

lim(tn ) = lim (1 − n) = −∞
 
1 1 1
Então, lim(f (tn )) = lim 3 + =3+ =3+ = 3 + 0− = 3−
tn − 2 lim(tn ) − 2 −∞
2. .

2.1. Seja (an ) uma sucessão de valores de Dg , tais que lim(an ) = −1

Ora,
 
2 2 2
lim(g(an )) = lim 1 + =1+ =1+ =3
an + 2 lim(an ) + 2 1
Logo, lim g(x) = 3
x→−1
2.2. 2 ∈ Dg

Existe lim g(x) , se lim− g(x) = lim+ g(x) = g(2)

x→2 x→2 x→2

Seja (an ) uma sucessão de valores de Dg , tais que lim(an ) = 2−

Ora,
 
2 2 2 1 3
lim(g(an )) = lim 1 + =1+ =1+ =1+ =
an + 2 lim(an ) + 2 4 2 2
3
Logo, lim− g(x) =
x→2 2

Professor Francisco Cabral 11ºAno - 2019/2020 • Página 1 de 6

 Seja (bn ) uma sucessão de valores de Dg , tais que lim(bn ) = 2+

Ora,
 
3 3 3
lim(g(bn )) = lim bn − 1 = lim(bn ) − 1 = × 2 − 1 = 2
2 2 2
Logo, lim g(x) = 2
x→2+

2 2 1 3
g(2) = 1 + =1+ =1+ =
2+2 4 2 2
Logo, como lim− g(x) = g(2) e lim+ g(x) 6= g(2), então, não existe lim g(x)
x→2 x→2 x→2
+
2.3. Seja (cn ) uma sucessão de valores de Dg , tais que lim(cn ) = −2

Ora,
 
2 2 2 2
lim(g(cn )) = lim 1 + =1+ =1+ = 1 + + = +∞
cn + 2 lim(cn ) + 2 −2+ + 2 0
Logo, lim g(x) = +∞
x→−2+

2.4. Seja (dn ) uma sucessão de valores de Dg , tais que lim(dn ) = +∞

Ora,
 
3 3 3
lim(g(dn )) = lim dn − 1 = lim(dn ) − 1 = × (+∞) − 1 = +∞
2 2 2
Logo, lim g(x) = +∞
x→+∞

3. .

3.1. −1 ∈
/ Dh

Existe lim h(x) , se lim h(x) = lim h(x)

x→−1 x→−1− x→−1+

Ora,
 2
lim − −(x + 2)2 + 4 = −


lim − h(x) = lim − (x) + 2 + 4 = −1 + 4 = 3
x→−1 x→−1 x→−1
 2
2


lim h(x) = lim (x − 1) − 1 = lim (x) − 1 − 1 = 4 − 1 = 3
x→−1+ x→−1+ x→−1+

Como lim h(x) = lim h(x) = 3, então, lim h(x) = 3

x→−1− x→−1+ x→−1

3.2. 3 ∈ Dh

Existe lim h(x) , se lim h(x) = lim h(x) = h(3)

x→3 x→3− x→3+

Ora,
 2
(x − 1)2 − 1 =


lim h(x) = lim lim (x) − 1 − 1 = 4 − 1 = 3
x→3− x→3− x→3−

lim h(x) = lim (3) = 3

x→3+ x→3+

h(3) = 5

Como lim− h(x) 6= h(3) e lim+ h(x) 6= h(3), então, não existe lim h(x) = 3
x→3 x→3 x→3

Professor Francisco Cabral 11ºAno - 2019/2020 • Página 2 de 6

 4. −2 ∈ Df

Existe lim f (x) , se lim f (x) = lim f (x) = f (−2)

x→−2 x→−2− x→−2+

Ora,
 
5 5 5
lim f (x) = lim −2 + = −2 + = −2 + = −2 − 1 = −3
x→−2− x→−2− x−3 lim − (x) − 3 −2 − 3
x→−2

1 − x2 = 1 − ( lim + (x))2 = 1 − 4 = −3


lim f (x) = lim
x→−2+ x→−2+ x→−2

f (−2) = 2k + 1

4
Assim, existe lim f (x), se 2k + 1 = −3 ⇔ 2k = −3 − 1 ⇔ 2k = −4 ⇔ k = − ⇔ k = −2
x→−2 2

Resposta: Existe k = −2

5. 1 ∈
/ Dg

Existe lim g(x) , se lim− g(x) = lim+ g(x)

x→1 x→1 x→1

Ora,

  lim (2x + 3)
2x + 3 x→1− 5
lim− g(x) = lim− = 2 =
x→1 x→1 x2 + 1 lim (x + 1) 2
x→1−

lim f (x) = lim+ (3x + k) = 3 + k

x→1+ x→1

5 5 1
Assim, existe lim g(x), se 3 + k = ⇔k = −3⇔k =−
x→1 2 2 2
1
Resposta: Existe k = −
2
6. 6.1. Comecemos por determinar lim f (x) e lim g(x)
x→1 x→1
 
x+3 1+3 4
lim f (x) = lim = =
x→1 x→1 x + 2 1+2 3
lim g(x) = lim x2 − 1 = 12 − 1 = 0


x→1 x→1

Assim,

4 4
lim (f + g)(x) = lim f (x) + lim g(x) = +0=
x→1 x→1 x→1 3 3
6.2. Comecemos por determinar lim + f (x) e lim + g(x)
x→−2 x→−2
 
x+3 −2 + 3 1
lim f (x) = lim = = + = +∞
x→−2+ x→−2+ x+2 −2+ + 2 0
x2 − 1 = (−2)2 − 1 = 3


lim g(x) = lim
x→−2+ x→−2+

Assim,

lim (f − g)(x) = lim f (x) − lim g(x) = +∞ − 3 = +∞

x→−2+ x→−2+ x→−2+
i2  2   2  2
h x+3 3+3 6 36
6.3. lim (f 2 )(x) = lim f (x) = lim = = =
x→3 x→3 x→3 x + 2 3+2 5 25

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 6.4. Comecemos por determinar lim f (x) e lim g(x)
x→−2− x→−2−
 
x+3 −2 + 3 1
lim f (x) = lim = −
= − = −∞
x→−2− x→−2− x+2 −2 + 2 0
2 2


lim g(x) = lim x − 1 = (−2) − 1 = 3
x→−2− x→−2−

Assim,

  lim f (x)
f x→−2− −∞
lim (x) = = = −∞
x→−2− g lim − g(x) 3
x→−2

6.5. Comecemos por determinar lim f (x) e lim g(x)

x→1+ x→1+
 
x+3 1+3 4
lim f (x) = lim = + =
x→1+ x→1+ x+2 1 +2 3
x2 − 1 = (1+ )2 − 1 = 0+


lim g(x) = lim+
x→1+ x→1

Assim,

4
  lim+ f (x)
f
lim (x) = x→1 = 3+ = +∞
x→1+ g lim g(x) 0
x→1+
6.6. Comecemos por determinar lim f (x) e lim g(x)
x→+∞ x→+∞
     
x+3 x+2+1 1 1
lim f (x) = lim = lim = lim 1+ =1+ =1+0=1
x→+∞ x→+∞ x+2 x→+∞ x+2 x→+∞ x+2 +∞
2 2


lim g(x) = lim x − 1 = (+∞) − 1 = +∞
x→+∞ x→+∞

Assim,

lim (g × f ) (x) = lim g(x) × lim f (x) = +∞ × 1 = +∞

x→+∞ x→+∞ x→+∞

7. .
1 1 1
7.1. lim+ = = + = +∞
x→1 x−1 lim+ (x − 1) 0
x→1
lim (x + 1)
x+1 x→−3− −2
7.2. lim − = = = +∞
x→−3 x+3 lim (x + 3) 0−
x→−3−

lim+ (x + π)
x+π 2π
7.3. lim+ = x→π = + = +∞
x→π 2x − 2π lim+ (2x − 2π) 0
x→π
1 1 1
7.4. lim− = = + = +∞
x→4 16 − x2 lim (16 − x2 ) 0
x→4−
1 1 1
7.5. lim = = =0
x→+∞ x+2
lim (x + 2) +∞
x→+∞
 
3x + 3 15 15 15
7.6. lim = lim 3+ =3+ =3+ =3+0=3
x→−∞ x − 4 x→−∞ x−4 lim (x − 4) −∞
x→−∞

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 8. .
x2 − 4 ( 00 ) (x − 2)(x + 2) x+2 4
8.1. lim+ = lim+ = lim+ = =2
x→2 2x − 4 x→2 2(x − 2) x→2 2 2
(x + 1)2 ( 00 ) (x + 1)2 x+1
8.2. lim = lim − = lim =0
x→−1− 3x + 3 x→−1 3(x + 1) x→−1− 3
3π − 3x ( 00 ) 3(π − x) 3 3
8.3. lim− = lim = lim− = + = +∞
(x − π)2
x→π x→π − (π − x)2 x→π π − x 0
x−a x−a 1 1
=( 0 ) lim+
0
8.4. lim+ 2 = lim+ = , com a ∈ R \ {0}
x→a x − a2 x→a (x − a)(x + a) x→a x + a 2a
x + 1 ( 00 ) x+1 1 1
8.5. lim− 2 = lim = lim− = − = −∞
x→1 x − 1 x→1− (x + 1)(x − 1) x→1 x − 1 0
(x + 2)2 ( 00 )
8.6. lim = lim (x + 2) = 0
x→−2 x + 2 x→−2
√ √ √ √ √ √
√ √ (∞−∞) ( x + 1 − x)( x + 1 + x) ( x + 1)2 − ( x)2
9. lim ( x + 1 − x) = = lim √ √ = lim √ √ =
x→+∞ x→+∞ x+1+ x x→+∞ x+1+ x
|x + 1| − |x| x+1−x 1 1
= lim √ √ = lim √ √ = lim √ √ =q q =
x→+∞ x+1+ x x→+∞ x+1+ x x→+∞ x+1+ x lim (x + 1) + lim (x)
x→+∞ x→+∞

1
= =0
+∞

Resposta: (A)

10. .
 
2 x 1 1 1
2x 1 + + 1+ + 2
2x2 + x + 1 ( ∞ 2x 2 2x 2 1 2x 2x =
10.1. lim = ∞ ) lim = × lim
3
 
x→+∞ 4x2 + 3 x→+∞ 3 2 x→+∞
2
4x 1 + 2 1+ 2
4x 4x
 
1 1
lim 1+ +
1 x→+∞ 2x 2x2 1 1+0+0 1
= ×   = × =
2 3 2 1+0 2
lim 1+ 2
x→+∞ 4x
 
2 2x 4 2 4
−x 1 + − 1− + 2
−x2 + 2x − 4 ( ∞ ) −x 2 −x 2
x x
10.2. lim = ∞ lim = lim =
1
 
x→−∞ 1 − x2 x→−∞ 1 x→−∞
−x2 + 1 − 2 +1
−x2 x
 
2 4
lim 1− + 2
x→−∞ x x 1−0+0
=   = =1
1 0+1
lim − 2 +1
x→−∞ x
s  
2 1+
1 r
1
r
1
√ x − x |x| 1 + 2 − x −x 1 + 2 − x
x2 + 1 − x ( ∞ ∞ x2 x x
10.3. lim = ) lim = lim = lim =
x→−∞ x+3 x→−∞ x+3 x→−∞ x+3 x→−∞ x+3
r ! s  
1 r
1 1
−x 1+ 2 +1 1+ 2 +1 lim 1+ 2 +1 √
x x x→−∞ x 1+0+1
= lim = − lim =− = =
3
   
x→−∞ 3 x→−∞ 3 1+0
x 1+ 1+ lim 1+
x x x→−∞ x
2
= =2
1

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 x2 − 3 ∞ x2 − 3
10.4. lim √ √ =( ∞ ) lim s  s  =
x→+∞ 4
x +2+ x +14 x→−∞ 
4
2 4
1
x 1+ 4 + x 1+ 4
x x
x2 − 3 x2 − 3
= lim r r = lim r r =
x→−∞ 2 1 x→−∞ 2 1
2 2
|x | 1 + 4 + |x | 1 + 4 2
x 1+ 4 +x 1+ 4 2
x x x x
   
3 3
x2 1 − 2 lim 1− 2
x x→−∞ x 1−0 1
= lim != !=√ √ =
2
r r
1 + 0 + 1 + 0
x→−∞
r r
2 1 2 1
x2 1+ 4 + 1+ 4 lim 1+ 4 + 1+ 4
x x x→−∞ x x

11. .
√
lim f (x) = lim (3 x − 2) = +∞
x→+∞ x→+∞
p
lim g(x) = lim ( x2 + 2x + 1) = +∞
x→+∞ x→+∞
 
 
   √   √  √
f 3 x−2 ∞ 3 x−2 3 x−2
=( ∞ ) lim 
   
lim (x) = lim √ s   = x→+∞
 lim 
 r
=
x→+∞ g x→+∞ x2 + 2x + 1 x→+∞  
2x 1 2 1 
|x| 1 + + 2

x2 1 + 2 + 2

x x x x
   √   r
x 2
  r 
3 x 2 1 2
√ − 3 − 3 −
 3 x−2  = lim  r x
  x  = lim  r x
 2 x  = lim  r x x  =
 
= lim  r
x→+∞  2 1  x→+∞  2 1  x→+∞  2 1  x→+∞  2 1 
x 1+ + 2 1+ + 2 1+ + 2 1+ + 2
x x x x x x x x
s    
1 2
3 lim − lim
x→+∞ x x→+∞ x 3×0−0
=s     = √1 + 0 + 0 = 0
2 1
1 + lim + lim
x→+∞ x x→+∞ x2

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