GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY, SURAT.

Assignment
Name of Student
Enrollment No.
Subject Name Operation Research
Subject Code 3151910
Student Class III Year (V Semester)
Division
Academic Year 2022-2023

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 PO STATEMENT
Sr. No. Short Name Program Outcome

PO1 Engineering Students will have fundamental knowledge and are

knowledge capable to develop core competency in diversified areas
of Mechanical Engineering such as Production, Design,
Thermal, Industrial and allied fields.

PO2 Problem analysis Develop their ability to identify, formulate and solve
mechanical engineering problems
PO3 Design/development Capable to model, analyze, design and realize physical
of solutions systems, components or processes
PO4 Conduct Using modern engineering tools, software and equipment
investigations of they will attend investigation of complex problems
complex problems
PO5 Modern tool usage Able to create, select, and apply appropriate
techniques and computer languages
PO6 The engineer and Cultivate the capacity to understand health, safety, legal
society and cultural issues and solve with relevant
Professional practice.
PO7 Environment and Aware of environmental impacts of engineering solutions
sustainability and a adopt approach of sustainable
development and energy efficiency
PO8 Ethics Bound to profession ethics and apply ethical practice
PO9 Individual and team Has ability to work effectively as an individual and play a
work role model as a leader of a team
PO10 Communication Effective and impactful communication as well as
presentation at all front including report making,
demonstrations, documentation and with society at large
PO11 Project management As an individual and also as a team leader has
and finance Capacity to implement best management and
financial practice.
PO12 Professional skills Will be capable of developing professional skills like
responsible teamwork, creativity and communication
skills for the complex actual work environment and
for life-long learning.
 PEO, PSO & CO STATEMENT
Program Educational Objectives (PEO)
Program Outcome PSO Statement
Preparation Develop the students to cultivate Mechanical Engineering to excel in
professional career, post graduate studies and innovative research.
Core Competence To develop competence in the field of Design, Production and Thermal
fluid sciences to analyze and solve engineering problems.
Breadth Generate ability to use modern engineering tools, techniques, skills and
contemporary engineering practice to take up multidisciplinary projects.
Professionalism To learn concepts and intellectual skills, courage and integrity and
aspirations of the society.
Learning To make a significant contribution towards the development of skilled
Environment technical manpower to take up emerging needs of society.

Program Specific Outcome (PSO)

Sr. No Statement
Graduates will be able to apply engineering knowledge and design and
PSO 1 analysis tools to solve problems in the domains of solid mechanics, thermal
and fluid mechanics.
Graduates will be able to develop an ability to find and articulate the
PSO 2 industrial problems and solve with the use of mechanical engineering
fundamentals.

Course Outcome (CO)

Course Outcome CO Statement
CO3151910.1 Develop model for optimizing the management and production systems form the
verbal description of the real system.
CO3151910.2 Make use of LPP techniques for optimization of Production mix problem
in industry.
CO3151910.3 Evaluate transportation, transhipment, assignment and travelling salesman
and queuing problems.
CO3151910.4 Apply quantitative techniques in machine replacement, game theory,
business decision making under condition of certainty, risk and uncertainty.
CO3151910.5 Demonstrate project management problems.
 INDEX

Sr.No Date Title Sign Remarks

1 Develop model for optimizing the management and production

systems form the verbal description of the real system.
2 Make use of LPP techniques for optimization of
Production mix problem in industry.
3 Evaluate transportation, transhipment, assignment and
travelling salesman and queuing problems.
4 Apply quantitative techniques in machine replacement,
game theory, business decision making under condition
of certainty, risk and uncertainty.
5 Demonstrate project management problems.
 List of Assignment with CO Mapping

Assignment Title CO’s

No.
1 Develop model for optimizing the management and production CO3151910.1
systems form the verbal description of the real system.
2 Make use of LPP techniques for optimization of CO3151910.2
Production mix problem in industry.
3 Evaluate transportation, transhipment, assignment and CO3151910.3
travelling salesman and queuing problems.
4 Apply quantitative techniques in machine replacement, CO3151910.4
game theory, business decision making under condition of
certainty, risk and uncertainty.
5 Demonstrate project management problems. CO3151910.5
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT.

ASSIGNMENT I
Subject Name Operation Research
Subject Code 3151910
Concept Develop model for optimizing the management and production systems
form the verbal description of the real system.
Student Class III Year (V Semester)
Academic Year 2022-2023

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 CO 1: Develop model for optimizing the management and production systems form the verbal
description of the real system.

Assignment: I

1. Define Operation research.

2. Discuss characteristics of Operation research.
3. What are the different phases of operation research project, Explain in details.
4. Write note on scope/ application of operation research in the various sectors.
5. Operations Research is the art of giving bad answers to the problems which otherwise
would have been worst. Justify this statement.
6. A person wants to invest up to 500000 in fixed securities scheme. Broker recommends
two bonds: Bond A yielding 8% and bond B yielding 10%. He decide to invest at most
100000 in bond A and at least 200000 in bond B. he also wants the amount invested in
bond A to be at least equal to amount invested in bond B. Formulate the problem.
7. A firm plans to purchase at least 200 quintals of scrap containing high quality metal X
and low quality metal Y. It decides that the scrap to be purchased must contain at least
100 quintals of X-metal and not more than 35 quintals of Y-metal. The firm can purchase
the scrap from two suppliers (A and B) in unlimited quantities. The percentage of X and
Y metals in terms of weight in the scraps supplied by A and B is given below:
Metals Supplier A Supplier B
X 25% 75%
Y 10% 20%

The price of supplier A’s scrap is Rs. 200 per quintal and that of supplier B’s is Rs. 400
per quintal. Formulate this problem as LP model to minimize total purchase cost.
8. A company is manufacturing two different types of products, A and B. Each product has
to be processed on two machines M1 and M2.Product A requires 2 hours on machine
M1 and 1 hour on machine M2, Product B requires 1 hours on machine M1 and 2 hour
on machine M2.The available capacity of machine M1 is 104 hours and that of machine
M2 is 76 hours. Profit per unit for product A is Rs.6 and that for B is Rs.11.Formulate
the problem
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT.

ASSIGNMENT II
Subject Name Operation Research
Subject Code 3151910
Concept Make use of LPP techniques for optimization of Production mix
problem in industry.
Student Class III Year (V Semester)
Academic Year 2022-2023

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 CO 2: Make use of LPP techniques for optimization of Production mix problem in industry.

Assignment: II

1. Use graphical method to solve following Liner Programming Problems.

a) Max. Z = 10x1 + 15x2 b) Max. Z = 2x1 + x2 c)

s/t 2x1 + x2 ≤ 26 s/t x1 + 2x2 ≤ 10
2x1 + 4x2 ≤ 56 x1 + x2 ≤ 6
x1 - x2 ≥ -5 x1 – x2 ≤ 2
x1, x2 ≥ 0. x1 – 2x2 ≤ 1
x1, x2 ≥ 0.
c) Max. Z = 3x1 + 4x2 d)
s/t 5x1 + 4x2 ≤ 200
3x1 + 5x2 ≤ 150
5x1 + 4x2 ≥ 100
8x1 + 4x2 ≥ 80
x1, x2 ≥ 0.
2. Solve following problems by using Simplex method.

a) Max. Z = 500x1 + 200x2 b) Max. Z = 100x1 + 50x2 + 50x3

s/t 3x1 + 2x2 ≤ 90 s/t 4x1 + 3x2 + 2x3 ≤ 1000
x1 ≤ 3 3x1 + 8x2 + x3 ≤ 800
x2 = 2x1 4x1 + 2x2 + x3 ≤ 600
x1, x2 ≥ 0. x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0.
c) Max. Z = 4x1 + 3x2 d) Max. Z = 10x1 + 15x2
s/t 2x1 + x2 ≤ 1000 s/t 2x1 + x2 ≤ 26
x1 + x2 ≤ 800 2x1 + 4x2 ≤ 56
x1 ≤ 400 x1 - x2 ≥ -5
x2 ≤ 700 x1, x2 ≥ 0.
x1, x2 ≥ 0.
3. Write the Dual for given Primal problems.

a) Max. Z = 3x1 + 2x2 b) Max. Z = 3x1 - x2 + x3

s/t x1 + x2 ≥ 1 s/t 4x1 - x2 ≤ 8
x1 + x2 ≤ 7 8x1 + x2 + 3x3 ≤ 8
x1 + 2x2 ≤ 10 5x1 - 6x2 ≤ 12
x1, x2 ≥ 0. x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0.
c) Max. Z = 5x1 - 6x2 + 4x3
s/t x1 + x2 + x3 ≤ 10
2x1 + 0x2 - x3 ≤ 2
2x1 – 2x2 - 3x3 ≤ 6
x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0.
4. Solve following LPP by using Big M method.

a) Max. Z = 3x1 - x2 b) Max. Z = -3x1 + x2 - 2x3

s/t x1 + 3x2 ≥ 3 s/t x1 + 3x2 + x3 ≤ 5
2x1 + x2 ≤ 2 2x1 - x2 + x3 ≥ 2
x2 ≤ 4 4x1 + 3x2 - 2x3 = 5
x1, x2 ≥ 0 x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0
5. The following tableau for a maximization type LPP is produced after few iterations of
simplex method;
8.5 10.5 0 0 0
Mix Qty (bi) X1 X2 S1 S2 S3
X2 300 0 1 3/5 -2/5 0
X1 300 1 0 -2/5 3/5 0
S3 400 0 0 -1/5 -1/5 1

Answer the following questions with brief reasons from above table;
i. Does the tableay represent an optimal solution? If not, carry out necessary
iterations and obtain an optimal solution.
ii. Is this solution degenerate ?
iii. Are there more than single optimal solution to above problems ?
iv. What are the shadow prices or dual values of resources ?
v. What is optimum objective function value of the problems ?
vi. If S1 represent the slack for production capacity constraint, how much should
company be willing to pay for each additional unit of production capacity ?
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT.

ASSIGNMENT III
Subject Name Operation Research
Subject Code 3151910
Concept Evaluate transportation, transhipment, assignment and travelling
salesman and queuing problems.
Student Class III Year (V Semester)
Academic Year 2022-2023

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 CO 3: Evaluate transportation, transhipment, assignment and travelling salesman and
queuing problems.
Assignment: III
Special case: Transportation problems
1. Distinguish between transportation & transhipment problems in detail.
2. Give different practical applications of transportation problem.
3. What is degeneracy in transportation problem?
4. Amul milk has three plant A, B & C with daily milk processing capacity (in Mega
Liter) as 11, 6 & 5 and requirement at distribution centre P, Q, R & S are 8, 4, 7 & 3
Mega liter respectively. Unit transportation cost is given in the table. Find the initial
feasible solution using N-W corner method.
Unit Transportation cost
(Rs. In 1000/Mega lit.)
P Q R S
A 2 5 3 8
B 4 1 6 4
C 7 5 8 2
5. Solve the following transportation problem for maximum profit. Use Vogel’s
approximation method to find out initial feasible solution. Find optimum solution by
MODI method.
A B C D
X 12 18 6 25
Y 8 7 10 18
Z 14 3 11 20

Availability in units Demand in units

X = 200 A = 180
Y = 500 B = 320
Z = 300 C = 100
D = 400
6. Obtain an I.B.F.S. to the following transportation problem using N-W Corner method &
Optimum solution by MODI method.
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 SUPPLY
P1 1 3 2 4 8
P1 5 4 2 0 10
P1 0 3 3 1 12
Demand 4 5 8 5
 Special Case: Assignment Problems
1. For Asia cup-2023 Rohit Sharma as a captain of india has to allot five middle batting
positions to five batsmen. The average runs scored by each batsman at these positions
are as follows.
I II III IV V
Rohit 40 46 48 36 48
Kohli 48 32 36 29 44
Shreyas 49 35 41 38 45
Suryakumar 30 46 49 44 44
Kartik 37 41 48 43 47
Find the assignments to batsmen position which would give maximum number of runs
and which will help to get the Asia cup-2023.
2. Is it possible to solve assignment problem using transportation technique? Explain with
reason.
3. Discuss travelling salesman problem in brief.
The matrix below shows the cost in rupees of processing 3 jobs X, Y and Z on machines
A, B and C.
Machine
A B C
X 35 25 32
JOB
Y 41 30 29
Z 45 34 27
If all job can be processed on all machine. Assign the jobs to the machines and find the
minimum total cost of processing.
4. A solicitors firm employs typists on hourly piece-rate basis for daily work. There are
five typists available with hourly charges and speed mentioned in table below.

Typist A B C D E
Rate per hour (Rs.) 5 6 3 4 4
No of page type/hour 12 14 8 10 11

There are five jobs available to the firm and it wishes to allocate one job to one typist
only. The typist is paid for full hour even if he works for fraction of an hour. The details
of job are given in table below.

Job P Q R S T
No. of
199 175 145 298 178
pages

Find least cost allocation for the firm using Assignment model.
 Problem on Queuing Models
1. In a bank counter, customers arrive at a rate of 30 customers per day. Assuming that the
inter arrival time follows an exponential distribution and service time distribution is also
exponential with an average of 36 minutes. Calculate: (a) Expected queue size (b)
Probability that the queue size exceeds 10.
2. Bikes arrives at fuel pump in poisons fashion with an average of 9 bikes per 5 minutes.
Service boy can refuel 10 bikes in 5 minutes. Find; 1. Average number of bikes in a
system. And in queue. 2. Average time a bike spends in system. 3. Average time a bike
waits before being served.
3. A self-service store employs one cashier at its counter. 12 customers arrive on an
average every 5 minutes while the cashier can serve 15 customers in 5 minutes.
Assuming Poisson distribution for arrival rate and exponential distribution for service
rate, find; 1. Average number of customers in the system 2. Average number of
customers in queue 3. Average time a customer spends in the system 4. Average time a
customer waits before being served.
4. Explain Kendall’s notation for representing Queuing model.
5. Explain the terms w.r.t. queuing theory i) Balking ii) Reneging iii) Jockeying at a
reservation counter, 20 customers arrive on average every 10 minutes. The clerk can
serve 22 customers in 10 minutes. Find; i) average number of customers in the system
,ii) average queue length and iii) average time a customer waits before being served.
State assumption made for the probability distribution.
6. Explain in brief the main characteristics of the queuing system.
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT.

ASSIGNMENT IV
Subject Name Operation Research
Subject Code 3151910
Concept Apply quantitative techniques in machine replacement, game
theory, business decision making under condition of certainty, risk
and uncertainty.
Student Class III Year (V Semester)
Academic Year 2022-2023

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 CO 4: Apply quantitative techniques in machine replacement, game theory, business
decision making under condition of certainty, risk and uncertainty.
Assignment: IV
Problems on Replacement Models
1. The cost per year of running a vehicle is given below. The purchase price is Rs. 50, 000.
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Resale 30000 15000 7500 3750 2000 2000 2000
Value
Maint. 5000 6000 7000 9000 11500 16000 18000
cost
Thereafter, the running cost increase by Rs. 2,000, but the resale value remains constant
at Rs. 2,000. When the vehicle should be replaced?
2. A firm is considering replacement of a machine, whose cost price is Rs. 12200 and scrap
value Rs. 200. The running costs are found experience to be as follows When should
machine be replaced?
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Running
200 500 800 1200 1800 2500 3200
Cost Rs.
3. Explain importance of replacement in brief.
4. Explain Group replacement policy and Individual replacement policy using suitable
example.
5. A diesel engine car whose initial cost is ₹ 30000 having maintenance cost and resale
value at the end of different year is tabulated as:
Year 1 2 3 4 5 6
Main. cost 4500 4700 5000 5500 6500 700
Resale 0.9 0.85 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.55
Value (%)
Find out the average annual cost and suggest the economic life of machine.
6. A person is planning to purchase a car. A new car is costing rupees 3 lacs. The resale
value of the car at the end of the year is 85 % of the previous year. Maintenance and
repair cost during the first year are rupees 10000 and they increase by 15 % every year.
The minimum resale value of the car can be rupees 75000. (a) When should the car be
replaced to minimize average annual cost? (b) If interest rate of 12 % is assumed,
calculate the average cost at the end of 10 year.
7. Equipment contains 10000 resistors. When any resistors fail, it is replaced. The cost of
replacing each resistor is Rs.1.5 only. If all resistors are replaced in a group it will cost
65 paisa. The percent surviving at the end of month is given below. Suggest optimum
replacement policy.
Month (n) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
% failure by 100 97 90 70 30 15 0
month end
Problem on Decision Making
1. Explain different environments in which decisions are made.
2. What is EMV? What is its importance in decision making?
3. Write short note on the value of perfect condition.
4. M/S C K Singh and company have three alternatives open, each off which can be
followed by four possible events. The conditional pay offs (in Rs.) for each action event
combination are given below.
Alternative A B C D
x 8 0 -10 6

y -4 12 18 -2

z 14 6 0 8
Determine which alternative should the company choose, if they adopt the
(a) Maxi Mini criteria (b) Max Max criteria (c ) Hurwitz criteria (α = 0.70)

(d) Laplace criteria (e) Mini Max regret or savage criteria.

5. Jyoti CNC introduce three model of CNC machine, which can lead to increase, neutral
and decrease in sales. Sales department workout the payoff in terms of yearly net profit
for each type of sales action as tabulated below.
Estimated Net Profit (in Crores)
M/C type Increase Moderate Decrease
Model 1 60 30 30
Model 2 30 40 30
Model 3 15 10 25
Help to take decision using Maximax and Laplace criterion.
6. A small industry finds from the past data that the cost of making an item is Rs. 25 .the
selling price of an item is Rs. 30 if it is sold within a week and it could be disposed of
at Rs. 20 per item at the end of the week if it is unsold. Frequency of weekly sale is
given below.
Weekly <3 4 5 6 7 >8
sale
No. Of 0 10 20 40 30 0
weeks
Find the optimum numbers of items per week industry should make by EMV and EOL
method. Calculate expected profit under perfect condition.
7. Explain the concept of decision tree. Explain each term used in decision tree.
8. A person has two independent investment A and B available to him but he can undertake
only one at a time due to certain constrains. He can choose A first and then stop or A is
successful then take B or vice versa. The probability of success of A is 0.6 while for B
IS 0.4.Both investments require an initial investment of 10000 rupees and both return
nothing if the venture is unsuccessful. Successful completion of A will return Rs. 20000
(over cost) and successful completion of B will return Rs. 24000 (over cost). Draw
decision tree and determine best strategy.
 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
C.K.PITHAWALA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, SURAT.

ASSIGNMENT V
Subject Name Operation Research
Subject Code 3151910
Concept Demonstrate project management problems.
Student Class III Year (V Semester)
Academic Year 2022-2023

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

 CO 5: Demonstrate project management problems.

Assignment: V
1. What is CPM and PERT? Discuss significance of using CPM and PERT.

2. Define following terms with respect to CPM/PERT : event, merge event, burst event,
activity, predecessor activity, successor activity, dummy activity
3. Differentiate between PERT and CPM.
4. Explain the term crashing of network. Why it is required?
5. Listed in the table are the activities and sequencing necessary for a maintenance job on
the heat exchangers in a refinery. Draw a network diagram for the project.

Predecessor
Activity Description
Activity
A Dismantle pipe connections -
B Dismantle heater ,closure, and A
floating front
C Remove tube bundle B
D Clean bolts B
E Clean heater and floating head B
front
F Clean tube bundle C
G Clean shell C
H Replace tube bundle F,G
I Prepare shell pressure test D,E,H
J Prepare tube pressure test and I
reassemble

6. The time estimates and precedence relationships of different activities constituting a

small construction project is given in following table:

Activity A B C D E F G H I
Predecessor - - B B A A F C,E,G F
Duration 3 8 6 5 13 4 2 6 2
(days)
i. Draw the project network.
ii. Determine project completion time.
iii. What is critical path?
7. A small project is composed of 7 activities whose time estimates are listed in the table
below. Activities are identified by their beginning (i) and ending (j) node Numbers.

Activity Estimated duration (weeks)

(i-j) Optimistic Most likely Pessimistic
 1-2 1 1 7
1-3 1 4 7
1-4 2 2 8
2-5 1 1 1
3-5 2 5 14
4-6 2 5 8
5-6 3 6 15

 Draw the network diagram of activities in the project

 Find the expected duration and variance of each activity. What is the expected
project length?
 Calculate the variance and standard deviation of the project length.

8. The activities A to H of a new project having relationships and timings shown in table
below.
Relationship
Duration (in days)
between activities
Activity t0 tm tp
A 2 2 8
B 2 5 8 A<C,D
C 3 6 15 B<E
D 2 5 14 C<F
E 1 1 7 D<F
F 2 2 8 E,F<H
G 2 2 8
H 2 5 14

i. Draw the network.

ii. Find the critical path and expected time of completion of the project.
iii. What will be the standard deviation of the project completion duration?
iv. What will be the probability of completing the project in expected time of
completion?

9. Following table shows jobs, normal and crash time, normal and crash cost of a project.
Indirect cost for the project is 300 Rs./day.
Jobs Normal Time Normal Cost Crash Time Crash Cost
(i-j) (Days) (Rs.) (Days) (Rs.)
1-2 6 1400 4 1900
1-3 8 2000 5 2800
2-3 4 1100 2 1500
2-4 3 800 2 1400
 3-4 - - - -
2-5 6 900 3 1600
4-6 10 2500 6 3500
5-6 3 500 2 800
i. Draw the network and find the critical path.
ii. What is normal duration and cost of project?
iii. What is normal duration and cost of project

10. Draw a network corresponding to following tabular information and calculate early and
latest start & finish time also determine critical path.
Activity 1-2 1-3 2-6 3-4 3-5 4-6 5-6 5-7 6-7
Time in 4 6 8 7 4 6 5 10 10
days

11. A Project is represented by the Network shown below & has the following data.
Determine (1) Expected Time &Variance (2) Earliest & Latest times to reach each
event. (3) The critical path
Task A B C D E F G H I
Optimistic 5 18 26 16 15 6 7 7 3
time
Most 10 22 40 20 25 12 12 9 5
likely time
Pessimistic 8 20 33 18 20 9 10 8 4
time

12. Tasks A to I constitutes a project in which the precedence relationships are A < D; A <
E; B < F; D < F; C < G; C < H, F < I; G < I. Time in day for each task is as follows:
Task A B C D E F G H I
Time(days) 8 10 8 10 16 17 18 14 9
Draw the network to represent the project and find out total float of each activity and
identify critical path.