NAME: CUTIE B. DABLO INSTRUCTOR: LEONIDES, JR.

NIALA
COURSE& SECTION: HM302P-C DAY: TUESDAY TIME: 11:00-12:00 NN

5 influential persons in the medieval period

Averroes
In the 12th century, when much of southern Iberia was still ruled by the Moors, Averroes lived in Moorish Spain and was
one of the most outstanding polymaths of medieval Europe (A

Averroes produced a sizable collection of writings, the majority of which are regarded as being of great authority. His
writings covered a wide range of topics, including mathematics, astronomy, medicine, music, psychology, political
theory, and geography, in addition to secular and Islamic philosophy.

His writings had a significant role in introducing the classic writings of Aristotle and others to medieval Europe,
ultimately aiding in the development of the European Renaissance.

Chaucer
One of the most significant authors in English literature during the Middle Ages was Geoffrey Chaucer. Chaucer, who
lived in England in the fourteenth century, pursued academic studies in a variety of scientific fields while also working as
an active civil official.

He wrote a great deal on astronomy, philosophy, and many other technical topics, but he is best known as one of the
greatest English poets of all time.

He wrote at a time when vernacular English literature was still in its infancy, which is why he is frequently referred to as
the Father of English literature. His work helped lay the foundations for the Middle English vernacular.

Giovanni Boccaccio
One of the key individuals who helped Italy enter the Renaissance was Giovanni Boccaccio. The 14th-century author
Boccaccio is renowned for his ability to write in a variety of genres, styles, languages, and themes.

Giovanni was a precursor to the European Renaissance because of his writing style, which was more akin to that of
Renaissance writers than of medieval writers. His writings in the Italian vernacular helped create a sizable body of
literature in the language, allowing the modern Italian language to eventually develop from it.

Thomas Aquinas
One of the most prominent thinkers of his day, Thomas Aquinas was a Dominican monk who achieved wide-spread and
enduring acclaim.
Aquinas produced a sizable corpus of writing on a broad range of topics, including philosophy, morality, metaphysics,
and political theory.

As a result of his contributions, he is now regarded as one of the greatest theologians in the history of the Catholic
Church. His philosophical writings also continued to influence theologians and secular intellectuals after the 13th
century, drawing support or criticism. In this role, Aquinas has been influential and relevant from the medieval era
through the present era.

Thomas Beckett
In the High Middle Ages, Thomas Beckett was a prominent figure in the English Church.

While serving as Archbishop of Canterbury, he notably clashed with King Henry II of England. This disagreement
ultimately led to the king's knights assassinating him.

His death for the defense of church rights against royal rights brought him enormous respect from the Catholic Church,
and soon after his passing, he became one of England's most well-known saints.

Thomas Beckett, unlike many other influential ecclesiastical personalities during the Middle Ages, did not set out on his
life's journey with the intention of becoming a priest. He was born in 1119, went to grammar school while he was young,
and worked in a variety of secular occupations, including one as a clerk.

His education was, however, inadequate at the time, and his family's financial situation was precarious. Beckett only
started getting more active in clerical matters after moving in with Theobald of Bec, the Archbishop of Canterbury.

Beckett was able to complete the schooling he lacked in his early years as a member of Theobald's family. He was
frequently dispatched to Rome by Theobald, who also required him to complete canon law studies at eminent clerical
institutions.

The Archbishop placed a great deal of trust in Beckett, and it was for this reason that he named Beckett the Archdeacon
of Canterbury in 1154. In the years to come, Beckett would assume numerous high-profile ecclesiastical positions and do
each duty admirably.

Theobald ultimately recommended Beckett be named as Lord Chancellor, in great part because of his effectiveness in
leading a number of significant religious offices. Beckett was subsequently appointed to the office by Henry II in 1155.

Beckett was named Canterbury's Archbishop in 1162. Beckett put up his aspirations for the outside world, including his
position as Lord Chancellor, not long after being appointed to the office. At the same time, he started making steps to
broaden the archbishopric's authority, which put him at war with Henry II.

By convening clergy assemblies in 1164, Henry II strengthened his powers and gained more royal influence and
weakened church office independence. Except for Beckett, all of England's church leaders agreed to this.

As a result of his conviction for disobeying the king, Beckett left England. Louis VII of France offered him defense. Henry
II finally accepted a compromise and permitted Beckett to return after a protracted exile that lasted until 1170.

Beckett and Henry II started fighting about the royal coronation almost soon after his return. The heir apparent was
normally crowned by the Archbishop of Canterbury, but in 1170 Henry had the heir apparent crowned by the archbishop
of York and two other bishops. Beckett had all three of them excommunicated, and Henry II was furious. It is unclear
from historical records if Henry gave the order for the murder of Beckett, but four of Henry's knights decided to carry it
out on their own. In December 1170, they assassinated Beckett in Canterbury.

His shrine at Canterbury quickly gained enormous popularity as a place for pilgrims to visit after his passing, and the
Pope declared him to be a saint.