CIVENG 3B03 Tutorial 1: Stress analysis

Example 1:
The stresses at a point in a soil mass are shown in Figure E1 (Plane strain case). Draw the Mohr
circle for this point and determine the following:

(a) The pole for planes

(b) The magnitudes and directions of the principal stresses.
(c) The magnitude and directions of the maximum shear stress.
(d) The normal and shear stresses acting on a plane inclined 55° clockwise from the horizontal.
(e) The mean stress and the maximum shear stress

Figure E1: Stresses at Point A is soil

Solution:

2 xz 150
tan 2 =   0.91 ,  = 21
 x   z 210  375

Form thr Mohr circle, angle  can also be determined as follows:

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 The major principal stress acts on a plane making an angle of 21° clockwise from the horizontal.
The minor principal stress acts on a plane making an angle of 21° clockwise from the vertical, as
shown on the Mohr circle.

The stresses on a plane inclined 55° clockwise from the horizontal.

(a) Use Mohr circle
(b) Use equations:
  90  55  35 is the angle between the normal of the plane and x-axis

1 1
 n = ( x   y )  ( x   y ) cos 2   xy sin 2
2 2
 292.5  82.5cos(2  35)  75sin(2  35)  335kPa
1
 nt  ( x   y )sin 2   xy cos 2
2
 82.5sin(2  35)  75cos(2  35)  103kPa

The mean stress and the maximum shear stress are

x y 1   2
s= =  292.5kPa
2 2
  y 
2
1   2
t =  max  =  x    xy2  111kPa
2  2 

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 Example 2
A certain element of soil is subject to a mean normal stress of s=420 kPa with the maximum
shear stress being 140 kPa. The major principal plane is rotated 30 degrees counterclockwise
from horizontal. Draw the Mohr circle for this soils element, locate the pole for planes, and
determine the normal and shear stresses acting on horizontal and vertical planes.

Solution:
  2  2
s= 1  420kPa , t =  max  1 = 140kPa  1  560kPa ,  2  280kPa
2 2
Do you know the coordinate of the centre and the radius of the Mohr circle?

Computational solution:
( y , yx )

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 Example 3

Assuming that the coefficient of earth pressure at rest K0 = 0.61 and the major principal stress acts
vertically, compute the following at Point A in Figure E3:
(a)  x ,  z ,  x ,  z , 1,  3 and water pressure u.
(b) Mohr circles for total and effective stresses
(c) σ, σ′, and τ on the plane shown in the figure

Figure E3: Soil profle (el. = elevation)

Solution:

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 Example 4

A cylindrical sample of soil is placed in a special testing device which applies vertical and
horizontal normal stresses to the sample. No shear stresses are applied on the vertical and
horizontal planes so they are always principal planes. The following loading sequence is
applied:

Plot the stress path followed during this load sequence. Create a stress path by connecting the
points on each Mohr circle representing the stresses on the maximum shear stress plane by
following the loading steps.

Solution:
Mohr circles and stress path

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