11

Pre-Calculus
Quarter 1 – Module 6
Situational Problems Involving Conic Sections
Pre-Calculus – Grade 11
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 6: Situational Problems Involving Conic Sections
First Edition, 2020

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 Pre-Calculus
Quarter 1 – Module 6
Situational Problems Involving Conic Sections

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Grade 11 Pre-Calculus Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Situational
Problems Involving Conic Sections!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:-
Welcome to the Grade 11 Pre-Calculus Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Solving
situational problems involving conic sections!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the

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 lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
Solving Situational Problems involving Conic Sections. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module consists of one lesson. It presents the lesson in the following outline:

Lesson 1 - Situational Problems Involving Conic Sections

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. derive equations involving conic sections and lines;
2. compute situational problems involving conic sections; and
3. create logical illustrations to situational problems involving conic sections.

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 What I Know

Direction. Write the letter of your choice. If the answer is not among the given
choices, write your answer.
For item 1 to 3, refer to the following scenario:
A stadium is shaped as in the figure below where its left and right ends are
circular arcs both with center at C. What is the length of the stadium 50 m from one
of the straight sides?

1. Which of the following could be the

radius of the left side circle (smaller
circle)?
A. 50m C. 150m
B. 100m D. 200m
2. Which of the following could be the
equation of the left side circle if Point C is
the center (0,0)?
A. x2 + y2 = 502 B. x2 + y2 = 1002 C. x2 + y2 = 1502 D. x2 + y2 = 2002

3. Which of the following could be the radius of the right-side circle (larger circle)?

A. √1,000 B. √10,000 C. √100,000 D. √1,000,000

For item 4 to 6, refer to the following scenario:
A satellite dish has a shape called a paraboloid, where each cross-section is a
parabola. Since radio signals (parallel to the axis) will bounce off the surface of the
dish to the focus, the receiver should be placed at the focus. How far should the
receiver be from the vertex, if the dish is 12 ft across, and 4.5 ft deep at the vertex?

4. Which of the following is NOT the reason why (6,4.5) is a point in the parabola?
A. The center is the origin C. the height is 4.5
B. 12 ft across were divided by right & left side D. The receiver is in the vertex

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 5. What should be determined from the problem?
A. the value of c B. the focus C. the value of y D. the value of x
6. Where should the receiver be located from the vertex?
A. 1ft away B. 2 ft away C. 3ft away D. 4ft away
For item 7 to 10, refer to the following scenario:
An object thrown from a height of 2 m above the ground follows a parabolic path
until the object falls to the ground; see Figure below. If the object reaches a maximum
height (measured from the ground) of 7 m after traveling a horizontal distance of 4
m, determine the horizontal distance between the object’s initial and final positions.
7. The vertex of the parabola can be
A. (0,7) C. (0,0)
B. (7,0) D. (-4,2)
8. The equation of the parabola is
A. x2 = 4c(y-7) C. y2 = 4c (x-7)
B. x2 = -4c(y-7) D. y2 = -4c(x-7)
9. The starting point of the object can be
viewed at which point?
A. (2, -4) C. (-2,4)
B. (-4,2) D. (4, -2)
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10. In the parabola, if the value of c= , which of the following could be the
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equation of the parabola?
16 16 16 16
A. x2 = (y-7) B. x2 = − (y-7) C. y2 = (x-7) D. y2 = − (x-7)
5 5 5 5

For item 11 to 12, refer to the following scenario: A tunnel has the shape of a semi
ellipse that is 15 ft high at the center, and 36 ft across at the base. At most how high
should a passing truck be, if it is 12 ft wide, for it to be able to fit through the tunnel?
Round off your answer to two decimal
places.
11. If the center is at (0,0), then
which of the following could be the
equation of the ellipse?
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. + =1 C. + =1
182 152 62 152

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
B. + =1 D. + =1
152 182 152 62

12. From the problem, since the width of the truck is 12ft, then which of the
following is the correct solution in finding the height of the truck?
𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦2
A. + = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 + = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 = 10√2
182 152 182 152

𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦2 18√21
B. + = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 + = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 =
152 182 152 182 5

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 𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦2
C. + = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 + = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 = 0
62 152 62 152

𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦2 6√21
D. + = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 + = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 = 0
152 62 152 62 5

For item 13 to 15, refer to the following scenario:

Two stations, located at M (−1.5, 0) and N (1.5, 0) (units are in km),
simultaneously send sound signals to a ship, with the signal traveling at the speed
of 0.33 km/s. If the signal from N was received by the ship four seconds before the
signal it received from M, find the equation of the curve containing the possible
location of the ship.
13. From the problem, how far in km are the two stations?
A. 1.50 B. 3.00 C. 1.32 D. 1.81

14. How far is the ship from point M in km?

A. 1.50 B. 3.00 C. 1.32 D. 1.81

15. Which of the following is the equation of the curve containing the possible
location of the ship?

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2
A. − =1 C. − =1
0.4356 1.8144 0.4356 1.8144

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2
B. − =1 D. − =1
1.8144 0.4356 1.8144 0.4356

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 Lesson Situational Problems Involving
1 Conic Sections
The application of knowledge gained from theories, laws, and concepts are
essential yet more meaningful if applied in the real world. Conic sections are very
useful in building bridges (e.g. suspension bridges, roller coasters), archaeological
and fossil investigations, analyzing the paths of the planets (earth orbit), constructing
mirrors. It is useful to architects and architectural engineers, soccer game players,
nuclear cooling towers, radio and sonic boom shock waves, and more. Let us explore
the beauty of conic sections.

What’s In

In the previous lessons, you learned about recognizing the important

characteristics of the different types of conic sections. As you go through with this
module, you will need some important concepts of circle, parabola, ellipse, and
hyperbola especially in solving real-life problems. To refresh yourself about conic
sections, answer the following activity.

A. Activity 1.1 “Savage!”

Determine whether each of the following terms is related to CIRCLE, PARABOLA,
HYPERBOLA or ELLIPSE.

1. (x-h)2+(y-k)2= r2
(𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
2. − =1
𝑎2 𝑏2
(𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
3. + 2
=1
𝑎2 𝑏
4. y = 4p(x-h)2

5. Focus

Notes to the Teacher

Consider the readiness of the learners in this new lesson. See to it that
they master the previous lesson on the formula of conic sections since it
has something to do with applying the concepts of conic sections.

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 What’s New

Activity 1.2 Let’s Explore

A. Explore the project with the description below, and then answer each of the
following. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

A street with two lanes,

each 10 ft wide, goes
through a semicircular
tunnel with a radius of
12 ft. How high is the
tunnel at the edge of
each lane? Round off to
2 decimal places.

1. What conic section is referred? ____________________________________

2. What is the formula to be used? ____________________________________
3. What are the given? ____________________________________
4. What is the coordinate of point P? ____________________________________
5. How high refers to ordinate or abscissa? ____________________________________
6. How high is the tunnel at the edge of each lane? _________________________

B. Explore the same project with the description below, and then answer each of
the following. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

A satellite dish is shown. Since radio signals

(parallel to the axis) will bounce off the
surface of the dish to the focus, the receiver
should be placed at the focus. How far
should the receiver be from the vertex, if the
dish is 12 ft across, and 4.5 ft deep at the
vertex?

7. What conic section is referred? ____________________________________

8. What is the formula to be used? ____________________________________
9. What are the given? ____________________________________

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 10. What is the coordinate of the focus? __________
11. The distance from the vertex to the receivers refers to
ordinate or abscissa? ___________
12. How far should the receiver be from the vertex? ___________

What is It

Situational Problem in Conic Sections

Situational problems are usually misunderstood as difficult because there is
only one way to solve the problem. It has many ways to solve the problem, but in this
module, you will learn the basic steps in solving situational problems involving conic
sections.
Steps to follow:
Capture. To capture the meaning of the problem, one should consider the
corresponding problem to a graphical illustration or equation. Then label or define
each point as referred by the problem. It is where the reader captures the meaning
and understand the problem.
Optimate. To optimate is to find the best favorable formula. There is a lot of
formula, but there is always the best out of it that will sufficiently utilize the given
data.
Navigate. To navigate is to do your move, simply do what is the first needed.
Derive some necessary formula and compute the requirement.
Investigate. To investigate is to carry out a formal systematic solution to be
presented.
Consider. Always consider checking your answers to the problem by
substituting and other checking methods. Consider also the domain or acceptable
value, unit necessary, and its interpretation.
The following situational problems are important to consider.
1. The cable suspension bridge hangs in the shape of a parabola. The towers
supporting the cable are 400ft apart and 150 ft high. If the cable, at its
lowest, is 30ft above the bridge at its midpoint, how high is the cable 50ft
away (horizontally) from either tower?
Steps.
Capture: From the problem, it is a parabolic cable connected from two posts which
are 400ft away and each height is 150 ft. This means that the lowest point of the
cable is the midpoint of the two posts. In a graph, we have

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Optimate. From the illustration, the vertex is at (0,30) because it is 30ft above the
ground or origin. We may write the equation, (x-h)2 = 4p(y-k), where (h, k) is the
vertex. We write the point (200, 150) as the tip of the post because the midpoint is
at the origin. We also write (150,?), since it is 50 feet away from the post x=200 yet
we don’t know how high is that point from the ground.
Navigate. We can have (x-0)2 = 4p(y-30) but since we don’t need a focal point, we can
have (x-0)2 = a(y-30) passing at the point (200,150). Thus for x=200, and y= 150, we
2002
have 𝑥 2 = 𝑎(𝑦 − 30) implies (200)2= a(150-30) by substitution, which leads to 𝑎 = .
120

Investigate. From the illustration, we have 𝑥 2 = 𝑎(𝑦 − 30), 𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑙𝑦 𝑥 2 =

2002
(𝑦 − 30) which passes through the point ( 150, ?). If x = 150, then we have
120

2002
1502 = (𝑦 − 30)
120

1502 (120) = 2002 (𝑦 − 30)

1502 (120)
= (𝑦 − 30)
2002

67.5 = (𝑦 − 30)
Y= 97.5 ft.
Thus, the point referred to is (150, 97.5).
Consider. If x = -150 (referring to the other tower), can we still get y=97.5? Yes!
(Verify). Therefore, the cable is 97.5 ft high 50ft away from either tower.

Notes to the Teacher

The C, O, N, I, C steps can be followed or not as long as the student follows
a systematic way of solving.

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2. The orbit of a planet has the shape of an ellipse, and on one of the foci is
the star around which it revolves. The planet is closest to the star when it
is at one vertex. It is farthest from the star when it is at the other vertex.
Suppose the closest and farthest distances of the planet from this star, are
420 million kilometers and 580 million kilometers, respectively. Find the
equation of the ellipse, in standard form, with center at the origin and the
star at the x-axis. Assume all units are in millions of kilometers.

Steps.
Capture. From the problem, it is an ellipse where the vertices are described
as the (planet) closest and the farthest point to the star (focus). For clarity,
the center of the ellipse is at the origin.
Optimate. In this problem, the 420 million Km plus 580 million Km is the
total distance from the two vertices. Thus, the total distance is 1 Billion
Km. Since the center is at the origin, then we have the vertices (500,0) and
(-500,0). Secondly, where is the focus located? We established that the
length of the major axis is 2a=420+580=1000 and thus a=500. Knowing
that 500-420 = 80, and 580-500=80, hence the focus is at (80,0). Hence
c=80. From these, we can solve for b.

Navigate and Investigate. In an ellipse, a2 = b2 + c2, thus b2 = a2 – c2 =

(𝑥−0)2 (𝑦−0)2
5002-802 = 243600. Thus, we have the equation + = 1 which is
𝑎2 𝑏2
equivalent to
𝑥2 𝑦2
+ = 1.
5002 243600

Consider. What if the star is at the –x-axis? When the star is at (-80,0), it
still has the same result.

3. An explosion was heard by two stations 1200 m apart, located at F1(−600,

0) and F2(600, 0). If the explosion was heard in F1 two seconds before it
was heard in F2, identify the possible locations of the explosion. Use 340
m/s as the speed of sound.

Steps.
Capture. The difference of time between two stations is 2 seconds which
is 2s(340m/s) = 680 meters. This means that the explosion happens 680

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 meters farther from F2 than in reaching F1. This is then the difference of
the distances of the explosion from two stations. By definition, this
problem refers to a hyperbola.

(𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
Optimate. The formula is − = 1.
𝑎2 𝑏2

Navigate. The value of c= 600 since the distance from the center to the
focus is 600. The value of 2a is the constant difference, we write 2a=680,
thus a=340. In hyperbola, c2 = a2 + b2, hence b2 = c2 – a2 = 6002-3402. It is
then, b2 = 244400.

(𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
Investigate. The formula 2 − 2 =1 is equivalent to
𝑎 𝑏
(𝑥−0)2 (𝑦−0)2
− =1
3402 244400

(𝑥)2 (𝑦)2
− =1
115600 244400
This is where the explosion happens. The explosion could, therefore, be
anywhere (any point) on the left branch of the hyperbola
(𝑥)2 (𝑦)2
− = 1.
115600 244400

Consider. How can you be sure that it is a hyperbola? Note that in the
definition of the hyperbola, there is a constant difference 2a. Let P be the points
where the explosion happens, the set of all points P, whose distances from F 1 and F2
differ by a certain constant, it is called a hyperbola.
4. A piece of a broken plate was dug up in an archaeological site. It was put
on top of a grid, as shown in Figure 1.13, with the arc of the plate passing
through A (−7, 0), B (1, 4), and C (7, 2). Find its center and the standard
equation of the circle describing the boundary of the plate.

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 Solution.
Capture. The plate is circular. The problem is
clear since it has already its illustration.
Optimate. There are many formulas and concepts
to find the center and radius of the plate, one of which
is the equation of the circle, the second is through
basic geometry Perpendicular Bisector Theorem of
Chords stating that “the perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the center
of a circle”. We will use both concepts.

Navigate. We first determine the center, by construction, it is at (1, -6).

Without construction, it would be a lengthy solution because first, we will find the
midpoints and slope of each chord (because it is needed for the equation of the
bisectors), second, we will find the perpendicular bisectors of each chord by an
equation, third we will find the point of intersection of two perpendicular bisectors
(which is the solution or the center).
The radius of the circle can be calculated using the distance formula
(√(𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 + (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2. The equation of the circle can be answered.
−7+1 0+4
Investigate. Let M be the midpoint of A (-7,0) and B (1,4). Then M= ( , )
2 2
4−0 4 1
which is (-3, 2), the slope mab = = = . So the perpendicular bisector has a slope
1−−7 8 2
1
of -2 (since (-2) =-1). Thus the perpendicular bisector is y-y1 = m(x-x1) is now
2

y-2=-2(x - - 3) or y=-2x-6+2 equivalently y=-2x-4.

1+7 4+2
Let N be the midpoint of B (1,4), and C (7,2). That is, N= ( , ) which is
2 2
2−4 −2 −1
(4,3), the slope mbc= = = . So the perpendicular bisector has a slope of 3 (since
7−1 6 3
−1
(3) = -1). Thus the perpendicular bisector is y-3=3(x-4) or y= 3x-12+3 equivalently
3

y=3x-9.
The intersection of y=-2x-4 and y=3x-9, we will use substitution, we have
-2x-4 = 3x-9, then x = 1. If x =1, y=3(1)-9 = -6. Hence x=1, y=-6, we then have
(1, -6) as the center. Using one point A (1,4) (B or C) we can find the radius.

11
 The radius of the circle √(𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 + (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 = √(4 − −6)2 + (1 − 1)2 = √100.
Thus r =10 with a center (1, -6). Hence, the equation of the circle is
(x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2 is (𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 − −6)2 = 102 . Therefore, the equation is
(𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 + 6)2 = 100.
Consider. From your point of view, try another solution. Is there any other solution,
yes! There are.
Practice1. This part will serve as your supplementary problems. You will be given a
final answer. Have a practice. Show your solution using the CONIC steps. The more
logical and systematic, the better.
1. A single-lane street 10 ft wide goes through a semicircular tunnel with radius 9 ft.
How high is the tunnel at the edge of each lane? Round off to 2 decimal places.
Answer: 7.48 ft
2. An archeologist found the remains of an ancient wheel, which she then placed on
a grid. If an arc of the wheel passes through A (−7, 0), B (−3, 4) and C (7, 0), locate
the center of the wheel, and the standard equation of the circle defining its boundary.
Answer: (0, -3), x2 + (y+3)2 =58
3. A satellite dish in the shape of a paraboloid is 10 ft across, and 4 ft deep at its
vertex. How far is the receiver from the vertex, if it is placed at the focus? Round off
your answer to 2 decimal places.
Answer: 1.56 ft
4. A satellite dish shaped like a paraboloid has a diameter 2.4 ft and depth 0.9 ft. If
the receiver is placed at the focus, how far should the receiver be from the vertex?
Answer: 0.4 ft
5. If the diameter of the satellite dish from the previous problem is doubled, with the
depth kept the same, how far should the receiver be from the vertex?
Answer: 1.6 ft
6. A satellite dish is shaped like a paraboloid, with the receiver placed at the focus.
It is to have a depth of 0.44 m at the vertex, with the receiver placed 0.11 m away
from the vertex. What should the diameter of the satellite dish be?
Answer: 0.88 m
7. A flashlight is shaped like a paraboloid so that if its light bulb is placed at the
focus, the light rays from the bulb will then bounce off the surface in a focused
direction that is parallel to the axis. If the paraboloid has a depth of 1.8 in and the
diameter on its surface is 6 in, how far should the light source be placed from the
vertex?
Answer: 1.25 inches
8. The towers supporting the cable of a suspension bridge are 1200 m apart and 170
m above the bridge it supports. Suppose the cable hangs, following the shape of a
parabola, with its lowest point 20 m above the bridge. How high is the cable 120 m
away from a tower?
Answer: 116 meters

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9. A tunnel has the shape of a semi-ellipse that is 15 ft high at the center, and 36 ft
across at the base. At most how high should a passing truck be, if it is 12 ft wide, for
it to be able to fit through the tunnel? Round off your answer to two decimal places.
Answer: 14.14ft
10. A whispering gallery is an enclosure or room where whispers can be heard in
some parts of the gallery. Such a gallery can be constructed by making its ceiling in
the shape of a semi-ellipse; in this case, a whisper from one focus can be heard at
the other focus. If an elliptical whispering gallery is 90 feet long and the foci are 50
feet apart, how high is the gallery at its center?
Answer. 37. 4 ft
11. A spheroid (or oblate spheroid) is the surface obtained by rotating an ellipse
around its minor axis. The bowl in Figure 1.41 is in the shape of the lower half of a
spheroid; that is, its horizontal cross-sections are circles while its vertical cross-
sections that pass through the center are semi ellipses. If this bowl is 10 in wide at
the opening and √ 10 in deep at the center, how deep does a circular cover with
diameter 9 in go into the bowl?

Answer. 1.38 inches

12. The moon’s orbit is an ellipse with Earth as one focus. If the maximum distance
from the moon to Earth is 405 500 km and the minimum distance is 363 300 km,
find the equation of the ellipse in a Cartesian coordinate system where Earth is at
the origin. Assume that the ellipse has a horizontal major axis and that the minimum
distance is achieved when the moon is to the right of Earth. Use 100 km as one unit.
(𝑥+211)2 𝑦2
Answer: + =1
14776336 14731815

13. Two friends visit a whispering gallery (in the shape of a semi-ellipsoid) where they
stand 100 m apart to be at the foci. If one of them is 6 m from the nearest wall, how
high is the gallery at its center?
Answer: 25.22m
14. A jogging path is in the shape of an ellipse. If it is 120 ft long and 40 ft wide, what
is the width of the track 15 ft from either vertex?
Answer. 26.46 ft
15. Radiation is focused on an unhealthy area in a patient’s body using a
semielliptical reflector, positioned in such a way that the target area is at one focus
while the source of radiation is at the other. If the reflector is 100 cm wide and 30
cm high at the center, how far should the radiation source and the target area be
from the ends of the reflector?
Answer. 10cm away from an end of the reflector
16. Two LORAN (long-range navigation) stations A and B are situated along a straight
shore, where A is 200 miles west of B. These stations transmit radio signals at a

13
speed of 186 miles per millisecond. The captain of a ship traveling on the open sea
intends to enter a harbor that is located 40 miles east of station A. Due to its location,
the harbor experiences a time difference in receiving the signals from both stations.
The captain navigates the ship into the harbor by following a path where the ship
experiences the same time difference as the harbor.
(a) What time difference between station signals should the captain be looking for
the ship to make a successful entry into the harbor?
(b) If the desired time difference is achieved, determine the location of the ship if it is
75 miles offshore.
Answers. A. 0.645 millisecond B. 17.76 Miles to the east of station A
17. Two radio stations are located 150 miles apart, where station A is west of station
B. Radio signals are being transmitted simultaneously by both stations, traveling at
a rate of 0.2 miles/µsec. A plane traveling at 60 miles above ground level has just
passed by station B and is headed towards the other station. If the signal from B
arrives at the plane 480 µsec before the signal sent from A, determine the location of
the plane.
Answer. The plane is 5.71 miles to the west of station B
18. A doorway is in the shape of a rectangle capped by a semi-ellipse. If the rectangle
is 1 m wide and 2 m high while the ellipse is 0.3 m high at the center, can a cabinet
that is 2.26 m high, 0.5 m wide, and 2 m long be pushed through the doorway?
Assume that the cabinet cannot be laid down on its side.
Answer. The height is 2.2598m. The cabinet cannot be pushed through the doorway
19. Nikko goes to his garden to water his plants. He holds the water hose 3 feet above
the ground, with the hoses opening as the vertex and the water flow following a
parabolic path. The water strikes the ground a horizontal distance of 2 feet from
where the opening is located. If he were to stand on a 1.5 feet stool, how much further
would the water strike the ground?

Answer. the water will travel √6 − 2 𝑓𝑡 further before striking the ground.
20. A stadium is shaped as in Figure below, where its left and right ends are circular
arcs both with center at C. What is the length of the stadium 50 m from one of the
straight sides?

Answer. 398.85 m

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 What’s More

Activity 1.3 The following are the possible capture of the problems from your
above 20 item practices refer to the item in “practice 1”. Identify if the capture is
Correct or Wrong.
_________1. In item number P1(item 1 in practice 1), with center at the origin, the
tunnel’s boundary is on the circle x2 + y2 = 92.
_________ 2. In item number P1, Point P is the point on the arc just above the edge
of the single lane, so its x-coordinate is 10. We need its y-coordinate. We
then solve 102 + y 2 = 92.
_________ 3. In item number P2, to find the center of the circular wheel, we will
identify the midpoint of the chords, the slope of each chord, the equation of
the perpendicular bisectors, and then determine the intersection of the two
perpendicular bisectors.
_________ 4. In item number P3, With the vertex at the origin, the point (5,4) is a
point in the parabola.
_________ 5. In item number P3, to find the distance from the receiver to the vertex
we will find the value of c in x2 = 4cy.
_________ 6. Item number P4, with the vertex at the origin, the point (2.4,0.9) is a
point in the parabola.
_________ 7. In item number P5, if the diameter is doubled, then the point (2.4,0.9)
is still a point in the parabola.
_________ 8. In item number P6, with vertex at (0,0) the focus is at (0,0.11).
_________ 9. In item number P7, with vertex at (0,0), the point (1.8,3) is a point in
the parabola.
_________ 10. In item number P8, the height of the towers is 170m each and with
the vertex (0,20), the point (600,170) is a point of the parabola.
_________ 11. In item number P9, with the center at the origin, the length of the
major axis is 36 ft, meaning a= 18ft, and b=15ft.
_________ 12. In item number P9, the point (6, y) is the point in the ellipse where y
is the height of the truck.
_________ 13. In item number P10, below is the illustration.

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_________ 14. In item P10, we can say that a = 45, c = 25, then we solve for b to get
the height of the gallery at its center.
_________ 15. In item P11, the value of a2 = 25, and b2 = 10, if the center is at the
origin.

Activity 1.4 What Am I?

The following illustrates the problems in item P12 to P20 referring to “practice 1”
items. Use the Decoder to solve the riddle by filling in the spaces at the bottom of the
page.
1. In P12, it is one of the vertices of the ellipse.
2. In P13, with center at the origin, it is the value of c. Decoder
3. In P13, with center at the origin, it is the value of a.
O ------- 50
4. In P14, with center at the origin, it is the value of a.
S ------- 30
5. In P14, with center at the origin, it is the value of b.
D ------- 20
6. In P15, with center at the origin, it is the value of b.
E ------- (3633,0)
7. In P16, let H represent the harbor on the shoreline,
I ------- 60
It is the value of BH-AH.
B ------- 120
8. In P17, let C (0,0) be the center and let A and B be the
L ------- 56
Stations, the coordinate of A could be ____.
M ------- (75,0)
9. In P18, let (0,0) be the center of the door’s base,
V ------- (0,2)
then the center of the ellipse is ____.
10. In P19, we set up a coordinate system so that the C ------- (2,0)
opening of the hose (the parabola’s vertex) is at (0, 3) and
that the water flows towards the positive x-axis. Then the
x-axis
(y = 0) corresponds to the ground; it follows the parabola
passes through the point _____.
RIDDLE
How far should you be to anyone else?
How long should you wash your hands?
What is the silver lining?
Answer

#10 #2 #9 #4 #5

16
 What I Can Do
.F

Activity 1.5 Let’s Solve and Show!

The Problem. A waterway in a theme park has a semicircular section with a
diameter of 11 ft. The boats that are going to be used in this waterway have
rectangular cross-sections and are found to submerge 1 ft into the water. If the
waterway is to be filled with water 4.5 ft deep, what is the maximum possible width
of the boats?

From the problem, fill in the blanks.

1. The center is at (0,0). The radius of the circle is ____.
2. Using the answer in #1 above, give the equation of the circle: (__) 2 + (___)2 =
(____)2.
3. If the center is at the origin, and let y=-1 as the level of the water surface, then
the base of the boat will be at y = ___.
4. From result in #3 above, by substitution, our formula becomes x 2 + ____= _____.
5. Solving for x in #4, the boat’s maximum possible width is _____.

17
 Assessment

Name: ______________________________________ Strand: _______ Section: _____

Direction. Write the letter of your choice. If the answer is not among the given
choices, write your answer.
For item 1 to 3, refer to the following scenario:
A stadium is shaped as in the figure below where its left and right ends are
circular arcs both with center at C. What is the length of the stadium 50 m from one
of the straight sides?

1. Which of the following could be the

radius of the left side circle (smaller
circle)?
A. 50m C. 150m
B. 100m D. 200m
2. Which of the following could be the
equation of the left side circle if Point C is
the center (0,0)?
A. x2 + y2 = 502 B. x2 + y2 = 1002 C. x2 + y2 = 1502 D. x2 + y2 = 2002

3. Which of the following could be the radius of the right-side circle (larger circle)?

A. √1,000 B. √10,000 C. √100,000 D. √1,000,000

For item 4 to 6, refer to the following scenario:
A satellite dish has a shape called a paraboloid, where each cross-section is a
parabola. Since radio signals (parallel to the axis) will bounce off the surface of the
dish to the focus, the receiver should be placed at the focus. How far should the
receiver be from the vertex, if the dish is 12 ft across, and 4.5 ft deep at the vertex?

4. Which of the following is NOT the reason why (6,4.5) is a point in the parabola?
A. The center is the origin C. the height is 4.5
B. 12 ft across were divided by right & left side D. The receiver is in the vertex

18
 5. What should be determined from the problem?
A. the value of c B. the focus C. the value of y D. the value of x
6. Where should the receiver be located from the vertex?
A. 1ft away B. 2 ft away C. 3ft away D. 4ft away
For item 7 to 10, refer to the following scenario:
An object thrown from a height of 2 m above the ground follows a parabolic path
until the object falls to the ground; see Figure below. If the object reaches a maximum
height (measured from the ground) of 7 m after traveling a horizontal distance of 4
m, determine the horizontal distance between the object’s initial and final positions.
7. The vertex of the parabola can be
A. (0,7) C. (0,0)
B. (7,0) D. (-4,2)
8. The equation of the parabola is
A. x2 = 4c(y-7) C. y2 = 4c (x-7)
B. x2 = -4c(y-7) D. y2 = -4c(x-7)
9. The starting point of the object can be
viewed at which point?
A. (2, -4) C. (-2,4)
B. (-4,2) D. (4, -2)
4
10. In the parabola, if the value of c= , which of the following could be the
5
equation of the parabola?
16 16 16 16
A. x2 = (y-7) B. x2 = − (y-7) C. y2 = (x-7) D. y2 = − (x-7)
5 5 5 5

For item 11 to 12, refer to the following scenario: A tunnel has the shape of a semi
ellipse that is 15 ft high at the center, and 36 ft across at the base. At most how high
should a passing truck be, if it is 12 ft wide, for it to be able to fit through the tunnel?
Round off your answer to two decimal
places.
11. If the center is at (0,0), then which of
the following could be the equation of
the ellipse?
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
𝐴. + =1 C. + =1
182 152 62 152

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
𝐵. + =1 D. + =1
152 182 152 62

12. From the problem, since the width of the truck is 12ft, then which of the
following is the correct solution in finding the height of the truck?

19
 𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦2
𝐴. + = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 + = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 = 10√2
182 152 182 152
𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦2 18√21
𝐵. 2 + 2 = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 2 + 2 = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 =
15 18 15 18 5
𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦 2
𝐶. + = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 + = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 = 0
62 152 62 152
𝑥2 𝑦2 62 𝑦2 6√21
𝐷. + = 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 6, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 + = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑢𝑠 𝑦 = 0
152 62 152 62 5

For item 13 to 15, refer to the following scenario:

Two stations, located at M (−1.5, 0) and N (1.5, 0) (units are in km),
simultaneously send sound signals to a ship, with the signal traveling at the speed
of 0.33 km/s. If the signal from N was received by the ship four seconds before the
signal it received from M, find the equation of the curve containing the possible
location of the ship.
13. From the problem, how far in km are the two stations?

A. 1.50 B. 3.00 C. 1.32 D. 1.81

14. How far is the ship from point M in km?

A. 1.50 B. 3.00 C. 1.32 D. 1.81

15. Which of the following is the equation of the curve containing the
possible location of the ship?

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2
𝐴. − =1 C. − =1
0.4356 1.8144 0.4356 1.8144

𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦2 𝑥2
𝐵. − =1 D. − =1
1.8144 0.4356 1.8144 0.4356

20
 Additional Activities

Activity 1.6 Compute, Compare, Conclude!

Answer the following.
Explore the project with the description below, and then answer each of the
following. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

A street with two

lanes, each 10 ft
wide, goes through a
semicircular tunnel
with a radius of 12 ft.
How high is the
tunnel at the edge of
each lane? Round off
to 2 decimal places.

1. What conic section is referred? ____________________________________

2. What is the formula to be used? ____________________________________
3. What are the given? ____________________________________

4. What is the coordinate of point P? ____________________________________

5. How high refers to ordinate or abscissa? ____________________________________
6. How high is the tunnel at the edge of each lane? _________________________

21
 22
What I Know A. 1.4 What am I?
What's New
A.1.2
1. B 1. Circle 1. E
2. B 2. (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2 2. O
3. C 3. Width of lane=20 3. L
4. D Radius =12ft 4. I
5. A P(10,y) 5. D
6. B 4. P (10, y) 6. S
7. A 5. ordinate 7. B
8. B 6. 2√11 8. M
9. B
9. V
10. B
10.C
11. A B.
12. A 7. Parabola
13. B 8. x2 = 4cy Answer: COVID
14. C 9. Point (6,4.5), V (0,0)
15. A 10. F (0,2)
11. ordinate What Can I Do?
What's In 12. 2 ft away
1. 5.5 ft
A.1.1 2. x2+y2= 5.52
What’s More 3. y= - 2
1. CIRCLE
A.1.3 4. x2 + 4 = 5.52
2. HYPERBOLA
1. Correct 5. 10.25 ft
3. ELLIPSE
2. Wrong
4. PARABOLA
3. Correct
5. ALL CONIC Assessment
4. Correct
EXEPT CIRLE
5. Correct 1. B 11. A
6. Wrong
7. Correct 2. B 12. A
8. Correct
9. Correct 3. C 13. B
10. Correct 4. D 14. C
11. Correct
12. Correct 5. A 15. A
13. Correct
14. Correct 6. B
15. Correct even if it
7. A
not in C (0,0).
8. B
9. B
Answer Key
References
Department of Education-Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) (2016)
General Mathematics Learner’s Msaterial. Lexicon Press Inc., Philippines

Department of Education-Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) (2016)

General Mathematics Teacher’s Guide. Lexicon Press Inc., Philippines

Pelias, J.G. PRECALCULUS. Rex Bookstore Publishing, (2016). Inc., Manila,

Philippines

Vasquez, E. Calculus with Analytic Geometry for Business and Economics. (2006).
Mutual Books, Inc. Manila, Philippines

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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph

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