Professional Documents
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COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING
NURSING HISTORY:
Patient ICD is a single mother who resides in Gerona, Tarlac. She is a college graduate, a
Roman Catholic and was born on November 19, 2004, in Singat, Pura Tarlac. The client has
an obstetric history of G:2 T:1 P:0 A:0 L:1. The menarche of the patient is in the month of
December, year 2014 and her last menstrual period was last April 25, 2021.
The patient was admitted on 26th of January due to profuse bleeding as observed by the
patient's 4 fully soaked adult diapers. Aside from these, she also complained of severe pain at
the vaginal incision site and suprapubic area. As seen vital signs were taken as follows; blood
pressure 90/70 mmHg, respiratory rate of 25 bpm, pulse rate of 112 bpm, body temperature of
35.5 degrees Celsius. The patient delivered an alive baby via normal spontaneous delivery
(NSD) with an estimated gestational age of 36 weeks, an Apgar score of 8,9, birthweight of
2.3 kg, and with a head circumference of 31.9 cm. There were no abnormalities detected.
Vitamin K, BCG, and Hepatitis B vaccine were administered to the baby.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
BOOK-BASED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Source: https://www.medscape.com/answers/275038-187547/what-is-the-pathophysiology-of-postpartum-hemorrhage-pph
CLIENT-BASED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES
01/26/22
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
DAY 1
01/27/22 (7:00 am)
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
(+) Profuse bleeding
12 fully soaked adult diapers (24 hrs)
(+) Severe pain at the vaginal incision site and in suprapubic area.
Pain scale: 8/10
VITAL SIGNS
Blood Pressure: 90/70 mmHg
Temperature: 35.5 °C
Pulse Rate: 112 bpm
Respiratory Rate: 25 bpm
INTERPRETATION
The decreased in patient’s Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, and Red Blood Cells are caused by the
blood loss during the profuse bleeding of the patient.
DAY 1
01/27/22 (6:10 pm)
VITAL SIGNS
Blood Pressure: 90/70 mmHg
Temperature: 36.2 °C
Pulse Rate:102 bpm
Respiratory Rate:22 bpm
DAY 2
01/28/22 (8:00 am)
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
DAY 3
01/29/22 (12 midnight)
CBC RESULT
01/29/22(8:00 am)
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
2 Partially soaked adult diapers
VITAL SIGNS
Blood Pressure :100/70 mmHg
Temperature :36.5 °C
Pulse Rate:98 bpm
Respiratory Rate:20 bpm
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
-Obtain and
record baseline
vital signs
During:
-Practice strict
asepsis
-At least 2
licensed nurse
check the label
of the blood
transfusion.
-Warm blood at
room
temperature
before
transfusion to
prevent chills.
-Identify client
properly. Two
Nurses check
the client’s
identification.
- Use needle
gauge 18 to 19
to allow easy
flow of blood.
-Start infusion
slowly at 10
gtts/min.
Remain at
bedside for 15
to 30 minutes.
After:
-Monitor vital
signs. Altered
vital signs
indicate
adverse
reaction.
-Do not mix
medications
with blood
transfusion to
prevent adverse
effects.
-Do not
incorporate
medication into
the blood
transfusion. Do
not use blood
transfusion
lines for IV
push of
medication.
- Never
administer IV
fluids with
dextrose.
Dextrose based
IV fluids cause
hemolysis.
-Observe for
potential
complications.
Notify
physician
IVF: D5LRS Date ordered: Lactated Ringer's Hormonal and Before:
1L + 20 units January 27, and 5% Dextrose physical -Ask for
Oxytocin x 2022 Injection, sterile, changes of consent
20gtts/min nonpyrogenic pregnancy speed -Document
solution for fluid up the loss of baseline data
and electrolyte fluids and -choose and
replenishment and electrolytes. disinfect
caloric supply in a IVF was appropriate site
single dose ordered to of IV line.
container for prevent -Prepare the
intravenous electrolytes oxytocin
administration. imbalance to the
Oxytocin is a patient. During:
hormone that is Oxytocin was -Check if drops
used to induce added to control per minute is
labor or strengthen the patient’s correct
uterine postpartum -Check if IV
contractions, or to hemorrhage. line is patent
control bleeding and not kinked.
after childbirth
After:
- Observe for
signs of fluid
overload.
-Document the
procedure.
IVF: Plain Date ordered: Normal Saline is a In transfusion, Before:
Normal Saline January 27, prescription normal saline is -Ask for
Solution 2022 medicine used for uniformly consent
(PNSS) x KVO fluid and employed, and -Document
electrolyte is the only baseline data
replenishment for solution -choose and
intravenous compatible with disinfect
administration. blood appropriate site
Normal Saline may components. of IV line.
be used alone or Normal saline is
with other invariably the During:
medications. solution utilized -Check if drops
for initial per minute is
intravenous correct
infusions. -Check if IV
IVF was also line is patent
ordered to and not kinked.
prevent
electrolytes After:
imbalance to the - Observe for
patient as signs of fluid
hormonal and overload.
physical -Document the
changes of procedure.
pregnancy speed
up the loss of
fluids and
electrolytes.
Paracetamol Date ordered: Paracetamol The most BEFORE:
300mg IV prior January 27, exhibits analgesic common -Assess any
to BT 2022 action by approach to allergies to
peripheral blockage preventing medication.
of pain impulse Febrile non- -Consider the
generation. It hemolytic 10 rights of
produces transfusion medication
antipyresis by reaction and -Read the label
inhibiting the allergic of the
hypothalamic heat- reactions during medication
regulating center. blood when it is taken
Its weak anti- transfusion is to from the
inflammatory give the patient medication
activity is related to premedication cart.
inhibition of with an -Check the
prostaglandin antipyretic such integrity and
synthesis in the as paracetamol. expiration date
CNS. of the
medication.
-Check the IV
tubing
DURING:
-Recheck label
and dosage
before
administering.
- Recheck the
IV tubing for
its patency
AFTER:
-Assess client
for any side
effects.
-Check for the
client’s
condition;
assess and refer
immediately if
there are any
deviations from
normal.
Hydrocortisone Date ordered: Hydrocortisone is a Before blood BEFORE:
100mg IV prior January 27, steroid medicine transfusion,
to BT 2022 that is used to treat Intravenous -Ask the
many different corticosteroids patient for
conditions, are beneficial consent
including allergic for the -Assess any
disorders, skin management allergies to
conditions, and prevention medication.
ulcerative colitis, of acute -Consider the
arthritis, lupus, anaphylactic 10 rights of
lung disorders, and transfusion medication
certain blood cell reactions. -Read the label
disorders such as of the
anemia (low red medication
blood cells) or when it is taken
thrombocytopenia from the
(low platelets) medication
cart.
-Check the
integrity and
expiration date
of the
medication.
-Make sure to
administer the
medication
before blood
transfusion.
DURING:
-Recheck label
and dosage
before
administering.
-Administer the
medication
aseptically.
AFTER:
-Assess client
for any side
effects.
-Check for the
client’s
condition;
assess and refer
immediately if
there are any
deviations from
normal.
Methergine Date ordered: Methergine Methergine is BEFORE:
0.2mg/ml IM January 27, (methylergonovine) administered in
STAT then 2022 is an ergot alkaloid the patient to -Ask the
after 2 hours that affects the help control patient for
smooth muscle of a postpartum consent
woman's uterus, bleeding cause -Assess any
improving the by uterine allergies to
muscle tone as well atony. medication.
as the strength and -Consider the
timing of uterine 10 rights of
contractions. medication
-Read the label
of the
medication
when it is taken
from the
medication
cart.
-Check the
integrity and
expiration date
of the
medication.
-Make sure to
administer the
medication
before blood
transfusion.
DURING:
-Recheck label
and dosage
before
administering.
AFTER:
-Assess client
for any side
effects.
-Check for the
client’s
condition;
assess and refer
immediately if
there are any
deviations from
normal.
Celecoxib Date ordered: Celecoxib is a Celecoxib was Before:
200mg 1 cap January 27, nonsteroidal anti- given to the -Ask the
now then q 6 2022 inflammatory drug patient for her patient for
PRN for pain (NSAID). It works severe pain at consent
by reducing the vaginal -Assess any
hormones that incision site and allergies to
cause inflammation in suprapubic medication.
and pain in the area caused by -Consider the
body. uterine atony. 10 rights of
medication
-Assess
patient’s pain
scale before
administration.
-Read the label
of the
medication
when it is taken
from the
medication
cart.
-Check the
integrity and
expiration date
of the
medication.
DURING:
-Recheck label
and dosage
before
administering.
-Give patient
water to
swallow.
AFTER:
-Assess client
for any side
effects.
-Check for the
client’s
condition;
assess and refer
immediately if
there are any
deviations from
normal.
Cefuroxime Date ordered: Interferes with Cefuroxime was Before:
500mg tab 1tab January 28, bacterial cell wall ordered to treat -Ask the
TID 2022 synthesis and prevent patient for
by inhibiting the infection at her consent
final step in the vaginal incision. -Assess any
crosslinking of allergies to
peptidoglycan medication.
strands. -Consider the
Peptidoglycan 10 rights of
makes the cell medication
membrane -Read the label
rigid and of the
protective. Without medication
it, bacterial when it is taken
cells rupture and from the
die medication
cart.
-Check the
integrity and
expiration date
of the
medication.
DURING:
-Recheck label
and dosage
before
administering.
-Give patient
water to
swallow.
AFTER:
-Assess client
for any side
effects.
-Check for the
client’s
condition;
assess and refer
immediately if
there are any
deviations from
normal.
Ferrous Sulfate Date ordered: An iron supplement During BEFORE:
1 tab OD January 28, used to treat or pregnancy, the -Assess any
2022 prevent low blood volume of blood allergies to
levels of iron. Iron in pregnant medication.
is an important body increases, -Consider the
mineral that the and so does 10 rights of
body needs to their amount of medication
produce red blood iron need. Body -Read the label
cells and keeps the uses iron to of the
body in good make more medication
health. blood to supply when it is taken
oxygen to the from the
baby. If patient medication
doesn't have cart.
enough iron -Check the
stores or get integrity and
enough iron expiration date
during of the
pregnancy, they medication.
could develop -Instruct patient
iron deficiency to take ferrous
anemia. Ferrous sulfate on an
sulfate is used empty stomach,
for the at least 1 hour
prevention of before or 2
iron deficiency hours after a
anemia in the meal.
patient. - Instruct
patient to avoid
taking antacids
or antibiotics
within 2 hours
before or after
taking ferrous
sulfate.
DURING:
-Recheck label
and dosage
before
administering.
- Offer patient
water to
swallow.
AFTER:
-Assess client
for any side
effects.
-Check for the
client’s
condition;
assess and refer
immediately if
there are any
deviations from
normal.
DURING:
-Recheck label
and dosage
before
administering.
- Instruct
patient to chew
if chewable
tablet is
ordered.
- Offer patient
water to
swallow.
AFTER:
-Assess client
for any side
effects.
-Check for the
client’s
condition;
assess and refer
immediately if
there are any
deviations from
normal.
Name of Student Estabillo, Verly
Malonzo, Vince Jude
Maniego, Angelica
Pascual, Rijina Grace
Date Submitted FEBRUARY 22, C.I.’s Signature
2022
Form No.: TSU-
Revision No.: 00 Effectivity Date: June 22, 2016 Page 1 of 1
COS-SF-04
Prioritizing Problems
Subjective: Deficient fluid volume After 8 hours of proper Independent: Independent: After 8 hours of proper
According to the related to excessive nursing intervention, 1. Monitor the 1. To have a baseline nursing intervention,
patient, she used 4 fully blood loss after birth. the patient’s vital signs patient’s VS every and evaluate the the patient’s vital signs
soaked adult diapers. will improve and there hour. patient’s progress if did not improve but
Scientific Explanation will be no bleeding. the bleeding stopped.
the interventions
The body initially
Objective: responds to a reduction are working AEB:
Vital Signs in blood volume with effectively. BP: 90/60 mmHg
PR: 112 beats/min increased heart and 2. Count and weigh PR: 105 beats/min
BP: 90/70 mmHg respiratory rates. These perineal pads and, 2. Weighing perineal
reactions increase the pads before and
if possible,
oxygen content of each after use and then Remarks:
12 fully soaked adult erythrocyte and cause preserve blood Goal PARTIALLY met.
clots to be subtracting the
diapers (24 hours) faster circulation of the
remaining blood. Blood evaluated by the difference is an
flow to nonessential primary care accurate technique
organs gradually stops provider. to measure vaginal
to make more blood discharge
available for vital
organs, specifically the
heart and brain. Blood 3. Measure a 24-hour 3. To help determine
flow to the brain and intake and output.
the kidneys decreases fluid loss.
Observe for signs Monitoring urine
as blood loss continues
and fluid is conserved. of voiding difficulty. output is a good
Urine output decreases gauge of blood loss
and eventually stops. because the
kidneys need
https://tinyurl.com/
sufficient arterial
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blood flow and
4. Instruct the patient pressure to
to avoid rapid function.
changes in position, 4. To avoid further
and encourage bed bleeding due to
rest. excessive
5. Massage the boggy movement.
uterus using one
hand and place the 5. For the uterus to
second hand above contract.
the symphysis
Republic of the Philippines
TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING
Lucinda Campus, Brgy. Ungot, TarlacCityPhilippines 2300
Tel.no.: (045) 493-1865 Fax: (045) 982-0110 website: www.tsu.edu.ph
P
After 8 hours of proper nursing intervention, the patient’s blood pressure
8:25am will increase from 90/70 to 100/60 mm Hg and pulse rate from 112bpm to
100bpm.
E
After 8 hours of proper nursing intervention, the patient’s blood pressure
6:35pm and pulse rate did not improve but the bleeding stopped. As evidenced by
minimal changes in her blood pressure from 90/60 mmHg to 90/60 mmHg
and 112 bpm on her pulse rate to 105 bpm, goal is parttially met.
NURSING CARE PLAN 2: ACUTE PAIN
ASSESSMENT NURSING DIAGNOSIS PLANNING INTERVENTION RATIONALE EVALUATION
Subjective: Acute pain related to After 1-2 hours of Independent: Independent: After 1-2 hours of
The patient verbalized tissue damage as proper nursing 1. Monitor for the extent of 1. To monitor the presence of proper nursing
that she is experiencing evidenced by bleeding and intervention, the perineal or vaginal bleeding on the laceration intervention the patient
pain at her vaginal pain at the perineal area. patient will verbalize lacerations. that causes pain to the verbalized relief of pain
incision site. relief from pain and patient. and discomfort as
Pain scale: 8/10 discomfort. evidenced by the pain
From a pain scale of 2. Inspect the patient’s 2. Pain in the perineal area scale of 2/10.
Objective: 8/10 to less than perineal area for the can be a cause of
Vital Signs Scientific Explanation: 5/10. presence of a hematoma. hematoma. Remarks:
BloodPressure:90/70 Perineal hematomas or Goal met
mmHg extensive perineal
Temperature: 35.5 °C lacerations may cause 3. Encourage the patient for 3. Relaxation techniques will
Pulse Rate: 112 bpm discomfort or pain for the relaxation and diversional help the patient to control
Respiratory Rate: 25 bpm client. If the client reports activities (e.g., deep the pain. Deep breathing
severe pain in the perineal breathing exercises) (e.g., exercises, back rubs, or
area or a feeling of watching TV). diversional activities such
•(+) Profuse bleeding pressure between her legs, as watching TV or listening
a hematoma could be to music may distract the
causing this. The overlying patient from the presence
skin is intact with no of pain.
noticeable trauma.
However, blood
accumulates underneath 4. Provide comfort measures 4. Cold application can limit
from injury to blood such as applying an ice bleeding by reducing blood
vessels in the perineum pack into the perineum. flow to the area; cold also
during birth. They may numbs the area and makes
occur at the site of an the patient feel more
episiotomy or laceration comfortable.
repair if a vein was
punctured during suturing.
5. Encourage the client to eat 5. High-fiber foods, such as
high-fiber foods and fruits and vegetables, can
increase fluid intake to help relieve symptoms and
avoid constipation and prevent constipation during
prevent straining. the postpartum period.
Fiber is indigestible, adds
bulk to the stool, and
stimulates bowel
movements; it also
improves digestion, helps
the woman reestablish
bowel habits, and prevents
constipation by softening
the stools without straining
and putting stress on the
suture lines. Adequate fluid
intake will help soften the
stool and ease bowel
movement, thus preventing
Dependent: constipation.
1. Administer PRN
medication for pain
Dependent:
(Celecoxib 200mg 1 1. To relief patient’s pain.
cap).
Republic of the Philippines
TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING
Lucinda Campus, Brgy. Ungot, TarlacCityPhilippines 2300
Tel.no.: (045) 493-1865 Fax: (045) 982-0110 website: www.tsu.edu.ph
10:35am E After 1-2 hours of proper nursing intervention the patient verbalized relief
of pain and discomfort as evidenced by the pain scale of 2/10. Goal is
met.
.
NURSING CARE PLAN 3: ANXIETY
ASSESSMENT NURSING PLANNING INTERVENTION RATIONALE EVALUATION
DIAGNOSIS
Subjective: Anxiety r/t lack of After 4 hours of Independent: Independent: After 4 hours of
knowledge regarding appropriate nursing appropriate nursing
"Nurse natatakot na ako 1. Review the history of labor, 1. To help identify
symptoms, progression interventions, the interventions, the
ang daming lumalabas na onset, and duration. the causes and to
of condition, and patient will be able patient was able to
dugo sa ari ko at sobrang provide proper
treatment regimen to demonstrate demonstrate relief from
sakit ng tahi ko, di ko nursing interventions.
evidenced by relief from anxiety anxiety and was able to
alam ang gagawin ko" as
restlessness. and will be able to verbalize understanding
verbalized by the patient.
verbalize 2. Maintain a calm, non- of causative factors and
understanding of 2. Anxiety is contagious purpose of individual
threatening manner while
causative factors and may be therapeutic
Scientific Explanation: working with the client.
OBJECTIVE: and purpose of transferred from interventions.
Postpartum hemorrhage individual health care provider
is one of the most severe therapeutic to client or vice versa. AEB:
Anxious obstetric complications interventions. 3. Learning ways to “Makakayanan ko ang
Weak appearance contributing to maternal 3. Demonstrate and encourage relax can help reduce problema na ‘to” as
Irritability morbidity and mortality. techniques like deep anxiety. verbalized by the
A postpartum breathing exercise. patient.
hemorrhage can be a
Vital Signs:
dramatic, life-threatening • Patient is
Pain scale: 8/10 event and may occur in relaxed
the context of extreme
RR: 25 breaths/min • Improved
pain or obstetric
4. Therapeutic skills appearance
PR: 112 beats/min interventions. The client 4. Establish and maintain a
may reasonably need to be directed • Less irritability
trusting relationship by toward putting the
experience extreme listening to the client;
psychological distress client at ease, because
undermining her ability displaying warmth, the nurse who is a
to cope. Her perception answering questions directly, stranger may pose a
of her quality of care offering unconditional threat to the highly
from caregivers will acceptance; being available anxious client. GOAL MET.
likely contribute to her and respecting the client’s
postpartum recovery use of personal space.
(Thompson et al., 2011). 5. Patient can discuss
their problem and
5. Encourage discussion about identify possible
post-discharge expectations. solution, thus
decreases their
anxiety.
6. Anxious behavior
6. Provide a calm, quiet, restful escalates by external
environment. stimuli. A calm and
restful area enhances
a sense of security as
compared to a large
area which can make
the client feel lost and
panicked.
A
Anxiety r/t lack of knowledge regarding symptoms, progression of
8:20am condition, and treatment regimen evidenced by restlessness.
P
After 1-2 hours of proper nursing intervention, the patient will verbalize
8:25am relief from pain and discomfort.
8:30am I
Reviewed the history of labor, onset, and duration.
Maintained a calm, non-threatening manner while working with
the client.
Demonstrated and encouraged techniques like deep breathing
exercise.
Established and maintained a trusting relationship by listening to
the client; displaying warmth, answering questions directly,
offering unconditional acceptance; being available and respecting
the client’s use of personal space.
Encouraged the patient to discuss about post-discharge
expectations.
Patient was provided a calm, quiet, restful environment.
Maintained calmness in your approach to the client
Patient was provided with reassurance and comfort measures.
E
After 4 hours of appropriate nursing interventions, the patient was able to
1:35pm demonstrate relief from anxiety and was able to verbalize understanding
of causative factors and purpose of individual therapeutic interventions.
As evidence by: Makakayanan ko ang problema na ‘to” as verbalized by
the patient.Patient is relaxed, improved appearance, and less irritability
Goal is met.