CHE316: Unit Processes

Batch: FA19-CHE

Assig
Name:
nmen Roll No.: FA19-CHE-

tDate
No. Assigned: December 24, 2021

4 Due Date: December 31, 2021

Instructors: Dr. Muhammad Aslam

 Assignment statement

1. The heating value of a substance, usually a fuel or food, is the amount of heat released during the
combustion of a specified amount of it. The calorific value is the total energy released as heat
when a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions. 10.16
g of graphite is burnt in a bomb calorimeter and temperature rise recorded is 3.87 K. Calculate
the enthalpy of combustion of graphite, if the heat capacity of the calorimeter (bomb, water etc.)
is 86.02 kJ/K.
2. Oxidation is the addition of oxygen to an organic compound or, conversely, the removal of
hydrogen or the loss of electrons. Many processes in our daily lives, such as respiration,
combustion, and photosynthesis in plants, involve oxidation. Fats and oils oxidize and become
rancid as a result of this process. Potassium chlorate, one of the common oxidizing agents in
explosives, fireworks and match heads, undergoes a solid-state redox reaction when heated.

ΔHof (KClO4) = -432.8 kJ/mol, ΔHof (KCl) = -436.7 kJ/mol, ΔHof (KClO3) = -397.7 kJ/mol,
So(KClO4) = 151 J/mol.K, So(KCl) = 82.6 J/mol.K, So(KClO3) = 143.1 J/mol.K. Use ΔHof and So
values to Calculate ΔGorxn at 25 oC for this reaction to interpret spontaneity of process.
3. A chemical reaction of esterification forms at least one ester (= a type of compound produced by
reaction between acids and alcohols). Esters are produced when acids are heated with alcohols in
a process called esterification. An ester can be made by an esterification reaction of a carboxylic
acid and an alcohol. Esterification reaction between ethanol and acetic acid was carried out by
mixing definite amounts of ethanol and acetic acid along with some mineral acid as a catalyst.
The equilibrium constant for the reaction between acetic acid and ethyl alcohol is 4.0. A mixture
of 3 moles of acetic acid and one mole of ethyl alcohol is allowed to come to equilibrium.
Calculate the equilibrium composition of this reaction including the amount of ethyl acetate
produced and the masses of reactants left behind.
4. A reaction between ethanol and acetic acid was carried out by mixing definite amounts of ethanol
and acetic acid along with some mineral acid as a catalyst. Samples were drawn out of the
reaction mixture to check the progress of the esterification reaction. In one of the samples drawn
after time t, the concentration of the species were found to be [CH 3COOH] = 0.025 mol dm-3,
[C2H5OH] = 0.032 mol dm-3, [CH3COOC2H5] = 0.05 mol dm-3, and [H2O] = 0.04 mol dm-3. Solve
to find out the direction of the reaction if K c for the reaction at 25 oC is 4.