DRUG DE-ADDICTION AND

REHABILITATION CENTER
“A PROJECT FOR THE PEOPLE IN NEED”

Submitted By
Talal Tariq
15006101071

Supervisor
Dr. M. Yousaf Awan
Ar. M. Ilyas Malik
Ar. Memoona Rashid

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING
UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY
LAHORE
2015 – 2020
 Drug De-Addiction and Rehabilitation Center
(A project for the people in need)

Submitted By

Talal Tariq

15006101071

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Bachelor in Architecture

Dr. M. Yousaf Awan

Ar. M. Ilyas Malik

Ar. Memoona Rashid

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING
UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY
LAHORE
2015-2020

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 ABSTRACT

A constant rise in the amount of psychiatric and drug addicted patients has been observed
owing to several reasons, but lack of awareness and concern has made rehabilitation hard to
achieve without healthcare centers and people not having physical health issues do not prefer
going there. By furnishing healing environment to patients from built form to reduce load
from various therapies used for the purpose of rehabilitation, such healing environment can
work for healing patients from hypertension and ailment. As an example, helpful layout
begins by subtracting environmental characteristics similar to loud noises that can be tense or
are having direct negative impact on occupants. Moreover, designers may be going a step
ahead by including components in the design that researches have proved as calming to
individuals, decreases the stress, and reinforce their psychological aspects. When designing
any space, some psychological aspects like natural light, pleasing sight, open spaces, colors,
pleasant fragrances etc. contribute to the rehabilitable environment.
Keywords: Rehabilitation, Healing, Architecture, Addiction, Psychological Impact,
Therapeutic

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 THESIS PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE,

UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY FOR THE DEGREE OF

BACHELORS OF ARCHITECTURE

Drug De-Addiction and Rehabilitation Center

Submitted By: ____________________

Student ID ______________________

Supervised By: ______________________

______________________

______________________

Chairperson of Department of Architecture

Name: Ar. Faiqa Khilat

Signature: _______________

Dean of Department of Architecture

Name: Professor Dr. Muhammad Yusuf Awan

Signature: _______________

Department of Architecture

School of architecture & Planning

University of Management & Technology Lahore

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This thesis is the result of the sympathetic support and help of many fan followers.
Above all, I want to thanks Allah Almighty for the insight He bestowed upon me, the abilities
and perfect health due to which I was able to accomplish my goals related to this project.
I would like to prompt my appreciativeness towards my parents who stood by my side
throughout my academic period, my siblings who helped me in studies and my teachers and
friends.

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 Table of Contents
ABSTRACT II
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IV
CHAPTER – 1 1
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 – Introduction 1
1.2 – Background 1
1.3 – Thesis Statement 2
1.4 – Need of Study 2
1.5 – Feasibility of the Project 2
1.6 – Client 2
1.7 – Aims and Objectives 2
1.8 – Scope of the Project 3
CHAPTER – 2 4
LITERATURE 4
2.1 – Drug Addiction 4
2.2 – Symptoms of Drug Addiction 5
2.3 – Effects of Drug Addiction 5
2.4 – Drug Types 9
2.5 – Causes of Drug Addiction 10
2.6 – Treatments for Drug Addiction 10
2.7 – Drug Addiction in Pakistan 12
2.8 – Drug Rehabilitation 16
2.9 – Features for Healing Environment 16
2.9.1 – Therapeutic Space 18
2.9.2 – Colors 19

2.10 – Case Studies 20

2.10.1 – International Case Studies 20
2.10.2 – National Case Studies 35

CHAPTER – 3 41
DESIGN ASPECTS & REQUIRMENTS 41
3.1 – Design Aspects 41
3.2 – Design Considerations 42
3.3 – Major Areas of Project 42

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 3.4 – Requirements and Areas 43
CHAPTER – 4 44
SITE 44
4.1 – Site Location 44
4.2 – Area of the Site 44
4.3 – Climate 45
4.4 – Site Feasibility 47
4.5 – Site Selection Criteria 47
4.6 – Neighborhood 47
4.7 – Site Analysis 48
CHAPTER – 5 52
ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS 52
5.1 - Master Plan 52
5.2 – Proposed Buildings 53
5.3 – 3D Views 54
REFERENCES 55

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CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 – Introduction

Drug Rehabilitation Center is a place where people can overcome their addiction by different
therapies and by their interaction with nature. It is a facility dedicated to healing which has its
dependency and supply medical support for drug detoxification and relapse prevention.
Restoration focuses are taken as psychological wellness offices, having run with treatment
programs enduring from 2 to 4 months. Inpatients in emotional wellness offices are nearly
increasingly vulnerable to self-damage, and animosity. The architecture has a big role to play
while designing these centers as the architect have to deal with certain aspects of psychology
and over all wellbeing of the users. The rehabilitation centers are supposed to be shooting and
welcoming for addicts and they should feel calm enough to stay there for long and get
medication. The building ought to be structured so that it inspires its user to conquer their
habits habit. A sound acknowledgment of the of how the architecture will affect their mental
and social wellbeing is required in connection with illicit drug use casualties and making
some sensible climate to mend them. So as to effectively structure the restoration community,
the engineer should comprehend the mentality of users and take faith in design from their
point of view, connecting with the conditions and sentiments. Furthermore, plan of an illicit
drug use recovery office requests a detailed study of how a rehabilitation center works, the
point by point investigation of recovery focuses as a structure type and its architectural
assessment of its capacities, codes, norms, and guidelines.

1.2 – Background

Since the beginning of life, it has been the longing of man to appreciate harmony and stay
away from what seems to be dull architecture so as to get true serenity and quietness. This
has many methods an architect must be aware of norms and design aspects that may be
overwhelming and damaging to self-wellbeing first, and disease to the general public later on.
Medication misuse is an overall wonder. Medicine abuse is when individuals use legitimate
or illegal substances in habits they shouldn't. They may take more than the standard segment
of pills or utilize someone else's answer. The beginning choice of consuming medications is
intentional for the greater part of the individuals, yet ceaseless medication utilization can
prompt neural changes that challenge a someone who is addicted discretion and confine their
capacity to battle compelling impulses of ingesting medications. In Pakistan chronic drug use
is turning into a significant medical issue. Medication misuse and dependence is spreading
like disease across Pakistan. As indicated by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime,
Pakistan has in excess of 8 million medication clients. In excess of 4 million of these are
addicts, among the most noteworthy number for any nation on the planet. It has spread
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altogether in this general public and has influenced the nation from numerous points of view.
It adds to wrongdoing, adds to the expense of our effectively more than hundred medicinal
services framework and to the monetarily lashed social government assistance framework. It
is a genuine danger to an individual's wellbeing also and causes viciousness and mass-offense
in the general public.

1.3 – Thesis Statement

The basis of my thesis is to design a space for drug users that can be very motivational and
effective in healing of drug addicts. A space that can change the way of life of drug users and
help them in recovering from this bad habit.

1.4 – Need of Study

The main purpose of this project is to design a better environment for drug addicted persons
and to heal them through architecture. To achieve this goal, it is required to understand the
psychology of the drug addicts, reasons for their addiction and their behavior.
 Nature oriented spaces.
 Healing environments and their benefits for occupants.
 Biophilic design of a building and its effects on patients and healing.
 Behavior of drug addicts in their healing process through architecture and
psychological treatment.

1.5 – Feasibility of the Project

Feasibility of any project can be identified through the public requirement of that area. As in
Faisalabad there is no proper facility that can help in drug addict’s recovery and people in the
city want a better type of rehab center that can help the addicts in healing. There are very few
rehab clinics working in the Faisalabad but none of them provides a good healing approach.

1.6 – Client

It will be a semi government project. The funding of the project will be done by the
government with local management bodies being involved.

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1.7 – Aims and Objectives

The objectives of this project are to structure recovery and reintegration place for medication
or liquor abusers which ought to be useful in de-criticizing, resolve, and reintegrate
tranquilize misuse patients into the general public. Moreover, it additionally points in
supporting the avoidance of future habit cases, and spread mindfulness in the network,
particularly among the young. Using engineering structure, the task plans to make a situation
that builds the fulfillment of patients with the treatment and lessens their pressure. The
structure will have the option to react to worries concerning the happiness, prosperity, and
usefulness of the office.
 To give a compositional reaction to wellbeing needs of the general public by making a
detoxification office which can drive, move and bolster sedate addicts in their
skirmish of defeating dependence.
 Create a space that can upgrade all treatment for medicate dependent patients.
 Create a restorative situation which will be without institutional or jail attitude
structure idea.
 Create a healing environment with the introduction of therapeutic gardens.
 Create an environment with therapeutic effects of:
Color
Materials
Nature

1.8 – Scope of the Project

Drug rehab center is a place which can help out an addict to overcome their addiction. A drug
rehabilitation is where an addict can get intensive care and spiritual motivation as well. The
basic intention is to let the patient face substance reliance in the event that it is there, and stop
its maltreatment to forestall the monetary, legitimate, social, mental, and physical outcomes
that can be because of outrageous maltreatment. The undertaking involves the arranging and
configuration plan of both inpatient and outpatient tranquilize recovery spaces. It is a
complete rehab facility with both outpatient and inpatient spaces. Natural spaces around the
complex will help the patients to heal quickly and enjoy a good time in their healing. This
rehab center not only include medical or psychological services but also includes some extra
activities like gym area, sports area and workshops for the betterment of the patients.

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CHAPTER – 2

LITERATURE

2.1 – Drug Addiction

Chronic drug use is a condition wherein an individual feels a compelling impulse of taking a
medication. Enslavement can incorporate other conduct reactions too. These can remember a
sentiment of trouble for controlling the need of utilizing the medicine and feeling the use of
the prescription to be a higher need than continuously normal things, for instance, family or
work. Right when the individual doesn't use the medicine for a proportion of time, they may
encounter the evil impacts of withdrawal. It is additionally alluded as substance reliance or
reliance disorder.

Drug addiction, also called substance use disorder, is commonly a condition that affects the
brain and actions of somebody and ultimately finally ends up being unable to manage the
employment of a legal or illegal drug or medication. Drugs include items like alcohol,
marijuana, and nicotine. you'll still take the drug while you're addicted, given the harm it
causes.
Drug addiction may begin with the occasional use of a narcotic in social settings, and
therefore the drug use becomes more common for some individuals. For some, particularly
with opioids, addiction starts with exposure to prescribed drugs or obtaining drugs from an
abuser or family who has been prescription the drug.
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The risk of addiction and even how easily you become addicted differ consistent with
medication. Some medications, like opioid painkillers, have the subsequent potential and are
quicker to trigger addiction than others.
You'll have greater doses of the medication to urge high as time passes. you may need the
medication soon just to feel good. As your substance use rises you may find that traveling
without the substance is becoming harder. Attempts to forestall drug use can induce extreme
cravings and cause you to feel physically ill (symptoms of withdrawal).
To beat your dependence and remain drug-free, you'll need help from your doctor, family,
friends, support groups or a structured treatment program.

2.2 – Symptoms of Drug Addiction

The signs or habits of addiction includes:

 Feeling such as you can only use the medication regularly — daily or even over and
over daily.
 Having strong urges for the drug which blocks the other thoughts.
 If more of the drug is required over time to cause the identical effect.
 Taking greater quantities of the drug gradually over a protracted time than you
expected.
 Making sure you clearly have a stock of the drugs.
 Spending money on the drug although you'll be able to not afford it.
 Not performing commitments and work duties, or reducing social or leisure
opportunities thanks to substance use.
 Start using the medication because you recognize that it causes difficulties in your life
or physical or psychological damage.
 Do things to motivate the drug you obviously wouldn't usually do, like stealing.
 If you're under the influence of the drug, drive or do other dangerous behaviors.
 Spending an honest deal slowly obtaining the medication, using it or healing from the
consequences of the drug.
 Failure to forestall the employment of the drug.
 Experience signs of withdrawal after you attempt to stop taking the medication.

2.3 – Effects of Drug Addiction

Disorders of alcohol use are correlated with a good range of short- and long-term effects on
wellbeing. they'll vary reckoning on the sort of drug, the ratio and therefore the way it's
sometimes administered, and so the overall health of the individual. Overall, habit and
dependency have far-reaching effects. Nearly every organ within the body are going to be
affected.

5
Side effects of using drugs may include:
 Weakened immune system.
 Heart conditions ranging from abnormal heart rates to heart attacks and collapsed
veins and blood vessel infections from injected drugs.
 Nausea and abdominal pain, which can also lead to changes in appetite and weight
loss.
 Increased strain on the liver, which puts the person at risk of significant liver damage
or liver failure.
 Seizures, stroke, mental confusion and brain damage.
 Lung disease.
 Problems with memory, attention and decision-making, which make daily living more
difficult.
 Global effects of drugs on the body, such as breast development in men and increases
in body temperature, which can lead to other health problems.

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7
Such results of abuse, including missing assignments, criminal offences, incidents and
injuries, have severe consequences. Additionally, in an estimated 80 per cent of crimes,
alcohol and medicines are partially liable, leading to prison time within the U.S. These
incidents involve abuse, driving while intoxicated and damaged property related offenses.
Around 16 per cent of car crashes include legal and illicit drugs besides alcohol. Almost 12
million people are driving under the influence of illegal substances over the last year and
nearly 4,000 fatally injured drivers have tested for drug involvement.
Alcohol-induced food deficiencies, alcohol-induced seizures and diseases may cause brain
damage. Alcohol consumption in pregnant women can affect the brains of unborn children,
resulting in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

8
It's stated that with adequate care, alcohol-induced brain disorders can often be reversed.
Alcohol abstinence for months or years, including cognitive skills, may help partially restore
thought abilities.

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2.4 – Drug Types

Following are the types of drug that are commonly used in the world:
Amphetamines
 Meth
 Ice
 Crystal Meth
Cannabis
 Mull
 Pot
 Dope
 Weed
 Ganja
 Marijuana
Ecstasy
 Pingers
 Pills
 Bickies
Heroin
 Hammer
 Smack
 Gear Dope
Cocaine
 Coke
 Crack
 White Lady
Steroids
 Anabolic Steroids
New Psychoactive Substances
 Bath Salts
 Flakka
 Plantfood
 Monkey Dust
Hallucinogens
 LSD
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  Mushies
 Trips
Alcohol
 Booze
 Grog
 Liquor

2.5 – Causes of Drug Addiction

There are individuals that are more inclined to solid neurobiological changes than others, and
hence are increasingly helpless against dependence. It isn't each person that attempts a
cigarette for once or gets morphine after a medical procedure gets fixated on drugs. Along
these lines, it isn't each person who bets and gets fixated to betting. Numerous elements
impact the advancement of addictions, from hereditary qualities, to helpless social
encouraging groups of people, to the experience of injury or other co-happening
psychological sicknesses
The speed every prescription can get into the cerebrum, and its ability in authorizing neural
circuits, chooses how addictive it will be. Techniques for utilize that consolidate injecting or
snorting some prescription make that medicine's things to assume control over immediately.

2.6 – Treatments for Drug Addiction

As for the other chronic conditions, like diabetes, asthma, or depression, opioid treatment
isn't necessarily a cure. Yet addiction will be treated and might well be handled effectively.
many who pass though addiction remain in danger for years of relapse, and doubtless for his
or her whole lives.
Evidence indicates that the mix of opioid care medications with behavioral therapy implies
that most patients have the foremost successful chance of success. Treatment strategies
specific to the substance use habits of every patient, and any medical, emotional, and social
issues that co-occur that need continued rehabilitation.
More excellent news is that they'll avoid opioid use and addiction. Results from research
sponsored by NIDA have shown that prevention campaigns involving families, schools,
neighborhoods and thus the media are successful in preventing or reducing substance use and
addiction Although personal events and cultural factors influence patterns in drug use, when
adolescents perceive drug use as harmful, they're likely to decrease their drug use.
Therefore, awareness and outreach are crucial to helping people realize the potential risks
related to substance use. Teachers, parents and health care professionals have important
positions to tell youth and discourage substance use and addiction.

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Following are some common treatments for drug addiction:
 Detoxification.
 Counseling and Behavioral Therapies.
 Rehabilitation Programs both Inpatient and Outpatient.
 Medications.

Detoxification (Detox) is a procedure where healthy body becomes free of damaging

substances. Non-clinical Detoxification calls attention to the way that the body will get rid of
medications (this incorporates liquor). Clinical Detoxification focuses to a luxurious
assortment of detoxification strategies that are being utilized by clinical experts. These
procedures for the most part run between a straightforward perception by experts while an
individual is getting rid of the medications normally to a need of clinical mediation. This may
incorporate sedatives or different medications that decrease the side effects brought about by
the withdrawal from the addictive medication.
Outpatient social treatment involves a great number of addicts who attend a guide of conduct
wellbeing as a normal premise. Greater part of these projects involves devoted or bunch
sedate advising, or both whenever required. They typically offer different types of social
treatment, for example, persuasive motivators, inspirational talking, multidimensional-family
treatment, and psychological conduct treatment. Treatment of the patient can be serious from
the start, where they go to different outpatient meetings on a week after week premise. On

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culmination of the concentrated treatment, patients are moved to normal outpatient treatment,
which incorporates less frequently meet-ups having less hours of seven days to help in
continuing the recuperation.
People who are to get inpatient treatment typically battle with desires and should be checked
constantly to forestall any backslide. The significance is particularly critical for patients who
are subject to a specific substance and can't go in excess of a couple of hours without taking
it. While took a crack at this program, the nursing staff screens customers every minute of
every day. Private restoration of inpatient people contains an expanded timeframe for
treatment, paying little heed to the stuff. These projects typically last from 30 to 45 days, or
more if necessary, everything relies upon the requirements of each clients.
Detoxification can be considered as a proper "treatment". At the point when the patient
backslides, as most do some time, the treatment is viewed as a disappointment. However, in
logical inconsistency with the accepted ways of thinking, dependence isn't done with the
expulsion of medication from the body (cleaning) or when the intense post sedate taking
infirmity vanishes (withdrawal). The essential addictive issue rather continues, and this
determination makes a potential possibility of backsliding to dynamic medication taking.
Along these lines, despite the fact that de-addiction can be fruitful in purifying the individual
of medications and withdrawal indications.

2.7 – Drug Addiction in Pakistan

The expansion of medication utilization in our country can be seen in three mostly covering
and progressive stages. The commonplace utilization of medications that is as yet existent in
scarcely any pieces of the nation establishes utilizing of opium, hashish (additionally alluded
to as charas or cannabis sap) or bhang - a beverage made out of the leaves of cannabis. In the
1980's, the heroin pestilence began arriving at Pakistan and started to spread progressively
through the male populace. Heroin clients of female sexual orientation were almost no to
discover, albeit provincial territories having disturbing degrees of heroin use among ladies
were additionally recorded.
The utilization of unlawful medications and the non-clinical utilization of physician
recommended drugs are set up and broadly perceived wonders in Pakistan. An issue of
utilization of professionally prescribed medications for non-clinical purposes has consistently
been a difficult issue for Health Administrators. The NMHR and common Health
Departments never embrace any logical investigation/examination to recognize the gravity of
non-clinical utilization of physician recommended medications and its results. The mental,
social, natural and the social variables (for example the ordinary utilization of cannabis and
Heroin), included with the simple accessibility to a wealth of denied substances inside
Pakistan, have most likely brought about countless individuals testing or abusing drugs for
the illicit recreational purposes and creating drug use issue and reliance. Supporting to this is
the geological part of Pakistan with Afghanistan, which is the biggest opium maker the world
has known, made Pakistan increasingly powerless against the import and utilization of these
medications (charas and heroin).Since 1982, national medication use reviews and appraisals
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are being done in Pakistan. Despite the segment changes in the nation, in light of the fact that
these studies had extraordinary degrees and philosophies it is hard to draw direct
examinations. In any case, these investigations have created appraisals of the diverse
medication utilizing populaces, giving helpful data to strategy and programming purposes in
the nation.

An expected six percent of the populace in Pakistan, or 6.7 million individuals, matured
somewhere in the range of 15 and 64 had utilized medications in the previous year, including
the individuals who had utilized in any event once just as ordinary medication clients, of
these, 4.25 million individuals are believed to be experiencing drug use issue and medication
reliance, revealing noteworthy difficulties controlling or limiting the use and encountering
contrary individual delayed consequences attributable to their medication use.

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The above charts show the average usage of drugs by people of different age groups in
Pakistan.
The first chart shows the mean ages of drug abusers at initiation and past years. The other
chart shows the different types of drugs used by people of different age groups and their
percentage of using these drugs.

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This diagram shows the percentage of persons and the reasons for their initiation of drug
abuse.

This diagram shows the percentage of persons and the reasons for their continuous drug use
after initiation.

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Number of treatment center for drug abuse in different provinces of Pakistan according to a
survey report of 2012.

2.8 – Drug Rehabilitation

The procedure of clinical treatment for dependence, for example, physician recommended
medications, liquor, and other road medications, for example, cannabis, heroin, cocaine is
called as medication restoration. The essential aim is to permit the person to defy matter
reliance, if present, and stop substance abuse to avoid the lawful, mental, social, budgetary,
and physical results that can be caused, particularly by outrageous abuse.
Medication and liquor habit restoration focuses are a subtype of psychological wellness
offices devoted to recuperate substance reliance. These are taken as local treatment offices
that offer 24-hour arranged and extraordinary consideration, including clinical consideration
just as sheltered lodging. They work to offer clinical help of medication detoxification and
avoidance of backslide. Residential treatment offices might be utilizing a decent measure of
restorative methodologies, and they are normally aimed at helping the patient in living a habit
free, wrongdoing free life after the treatment. In spite of the fact that, restoration was all the
more in regards to the rousing, positive and strong mentality of staff and the creation of
relations with conventional life to forestall living in confinement, than the giving of offices.

2.9 – Features for Healing Environment

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The recovery place ought to have the option to amend the issue of viciousness and assurance
inside its office. Medication abusers as psychological maladjustment inpatients can carry on
in forceful and very little social practices. Explores have uncovered that 32.4% of mental
detainees occupied with forceful disposition or viciousness, and half of the threatening
episodes in mental wards include physical unpleasantness. This implies making a soothing
and stress assuaging condition is basic for this situation to lessen episodes of brutality, and
even self-damage and self-destruction.

The point of view of restorative engineering doesn't mean in any capacity that the design has
the ability to mend patients in itself, rather the compositional adjustment of building
structures and space take into consideration other encompassing variables like shading,
sound, smell, perspectives and light; which have their influence in the helpful condition for
being unmistakable for recuperating reason. For instance, medicate addicts who are
influenced by mental pressure, strain and weakness may feel much improved on the off
chance that they begin living in spaces having positive hues, greater windows that give a
decent perspective on what's outside, and spaces that breaking point commotions that are
taken as noisy.

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The physical just as representative environmental factors prominently affect the people. A
solid connection lies among life satisfaction and by and large wellbeing. Satisfaction
produces bliss conditions in people and deduce in the patient's better reaction to proceed with
the treatment. Then again, a few investigates have affirmed that the run of the mill manner by
which some recovery communities are created to add to expanding strain and go about as a
peril to the improvement of the two patients and staff, for example, inordinate commotion
sound inferable from high populace of patients and laborers, little spaces particularly for
inpatient offices, helpless lighting, and little regions.
Giving residential attributes is extensively suggested as acknowledged practice structure for
mental clinics and expanded time care offices. One of the investigations done in Norwegian
mental ward uncovered that improving a disengagement region in a local like space expanded
the satisfaction and laid out government assistance of patients, particularly ladies.

2.9.1 – Therapeutic Space

A space that provides healing of a disease or stress is called therapeutic space. It stems from
the fields of environmental psychology which includes to:
 Reduce environmental stress.
 Provide positive distraction.
 Enable social support.
 Give a sense of control.

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2.9.2 – Colors

Colors are very important when it comes to design a healing space. Colors can be very useful
for the psychological treatment of the patient as they can provide comfort in the environment
and soothing effect to the eyes. Different colors have different effects and can change the way
we feel and react to different situations.

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2.10 – Case Studies

Case studies play an important role in research work. Many functions and areas of a project
can be easily determined by different case studies. Some case studies don’t reflect the
functions of the project but they can provide a clear view on the impact of the project.
Following are some case studies of different drug rehab centers, which helps in a better
understanding of this project:
International Case Studies
 Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal - The Netherlands
 Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center - Canada
National Case Studies
 The Genius, Rehab Center – Lahore
 Willing Ways – Lahore

2.10.1 – International Case Studies

Rehabilitation Center Groot Klimmendaal – The Netherlands

Location – Arnhem, The Netherlands

Dated – 2011
Architect – Koen Van Velsen
Area – 14000 m2
Background - The task was granted Building of the Year 2010 by the DA of Architects,
champ of the principal Hedy d'Ancona Award 2010 for phenomenal medicinal services

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engineering, victor of the Arnhem Heuvelink Award 2010 and champ of the Dutch Design
Award 2010 open honor and class business inside.
Impact of the Project - The venture offers an eccentric methodology of structuring social
insurance foundations. The structure offers a wonderful and encouraging experience to its
clients.

Arranging of a remaking and recuperation place for sedate similarly as alcohol abusers
speaks to an issue of social lack of respect and stun of such core interests. The arrangement
purposes to change the customary reputation of recuperation centers and produce a very
much arranged and rooting for air its customers. The Rehabilitation Center Groot
Klimmendaal for considerable confinements handles this issue through the structure. In any
case, the essential structure of the structure renounces the standard restorative administrations
network plan. The structure is cladded with gritty shaded anodized aluminum sheets that,
paying little psyche to its size, makes the structure consolidate inside its ecological variables.
Second, the organizing of within calls attention to the recovering furthest reaches of nature.
Arranged inside the forest area of Arnhem in the Netherlands, the wrap dividers and bountiful
glass use in its façade accumulates the woodlands inside the structure, giving its customer a
constant vision of nature. Third, the fenced in zone has different loosening up and reward
housing, for instance, a wellbeing network, a rec focus, and a presentation community in the
section level. The society is permitted to use the solaces and thusly helping the patients with

23
their revamping course. Finally, the internal pieces of the structure underline on falling the
patient's tension and anguish utilizing moved anyway delicate tones.

Context / Site and Surroundings

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Living in the inside of the woodlands of the Netherlands, Rehabilitation Center Groot
Klimmendaal covers up in the midst of the trees like a quiet deer. It converges with its
neighboring scene and design and is reachable by a road with bike and person on foot trails.
The road associate’s different establishments for the most part committed for the youngsters
and individuals with inadequacies. The middle tracks the massing and heights of neighboring
structures and give having the murkiest shade of earthy colored in the zone. It might be
portrayed by the push to disguise the structure.

Scale and Spatial Relationships

The plan of this is quadrilateral, which have a little footmark of 110 into 30m and spreads to
arrive at 160x30m at more elevated levels Moreover, the structure has twofold and triple
25
heights in addition to chambers at differing levels, also improving the measure of
characteristic light inflowing the structure and outwardly connecting unalike stages with one
another.
The structure of the middle is lopsided and different. A critical number of the sections are
strengthened cement with a unique arranging in the midst of outer and inside segments. In
any case, the segments in the southern façade are in its place, slanted steel sections
aggregating feel to the twofold stature region.

Functional Analysis and Circulation

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27
Environmental Considerations

The usage of imperativeness is confined by the stuffed arrangement of the structure, and the
structure of the mechanical and electrical systems. Most particularly, the warm taking care of
(hot and cold accumulating) accounts to the lessening of essentialness use. The assurance of
picking functional structure resources, and materials requiring obliged safeguarding attempts
for floor surfaces, rooftops and outside cladding, produce a structure that is conveniently
proceeded and has a long lifetime.
Possibly the prominent features of the Klimmendaal is its usage of conspicuous yet refined
colors. With the concept of color theory, the center applies different collection of colors and
shades in its insides, generating a visually touching yet soothing impact.

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29
 Sister Margaret Smith Addictions Treatment Center – Canada

Location – Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada

Dated – 2099
Architect – Kuch Stephenson Gibson Malo Architects and Engineer + Montgomery Sisam
Architects
Area – 4830 m2
Background - SMSAT Center orchestrates local and non-private offices for the
administration of addictions including medication and alcohol, betting and eating conditions,
among others.

30
Impact of the Project - The plan produces an away from of spaces which propose an
assortment of relationship to the external scene. The remedial nature of common light has
been a significant concern everywhere throughout the structure

Within is organized about a sifting through spine known as the Hall of Recovery. It goes
about as an outline to the structure that invites the clients into a peaceful and welcoming
setting. The structure is sifted through around two yards, one for family unit patients and one
for non-private patients. The yards help with totaling a genial space where regulars can value
trademark basics as a significant part of their restorative procedure. The significant space is
masterminded in a balanced structure to know about the indigenous open, who involve a
fantastic piece of the customer masses.

31
Site and Surroundings

Within is organized on a more noteworthy grounds of care in a low-climb dwelling zone. Its
arrangement merges similar to tints, resources, and massing with the associating structures
which for the most part include single-family groups of a 2 stories height. The center is
successfully reachable by everyone and is masterminded near aggregate spaces and green
zones, for instance, The International Friendship Gardens.

32
33
Functional Analysis and Circulation

34
The residential package is distributed into 15 beds for females, 15 for males and 10 beds for
youth, counting in children as old as 13 years. The domestic programs and non-residential
programs contain unconnected entrances to keep each of their privacy. Non-residential
programs comprise of isolated and group remedy rooms, gym, spiritual chamber, crafts room
and admin.

The adolescent private segment gives convenience to both youngsters and ladies in a similar
space. It is spread out so the rooms open straightforwardly into the living region. This has

35
been done to provide caring and assurance to teenagers, who are inclined by their very
condition to unseemly and urgent conduct. It further gives the sentiment of an enormous
shared house for the months that they are admitted there.

Natura Aspects Considerations

SMATSC got a handle on the principles of prudent arrangement from the earliest starting
point, particularly as it related to the strategic giving comprehensive thought. It was seen at a
beginning phase that a strong structure condition can be a principal bit of the repairing
method and that biological stewardship analyzes to thinking about all. A totally organized
gathering approach using the described standards of LEED was used.
The endeavor epitomizes five key acceptable structure methods which are; adequate covering
to give daylight and access to sees, building impression that respects the site science, water
decline through shrewd completing and decision of low-stream devices, imperativeness
decline utilizing an unrivaled envelope and impelled developing advancement, and
correspondence of down to earth vision through composed sensible arrangement social
occasions.

36
The errand's far reaching sensible desires are commonly clear at the essential hallway of the
structure known as the Hall of Recovery which sorts out the three standard portions of the
program in a respectable, tranquil, welcoming and empowering setting. Three tremendous
round housetop windows, giving floods of ordinary light, address the Windows of Hope: one
for all of the mind (treatment rooms), body (entertainment focus) and soul (powerful space).
Low-bolster nearby seed mixes and sodding were picked to reduce the prerequisite for water
framework and incidental replanting. Through a movement of bio swales and whirlwind
support lakes, the site, whose pre-progression imperviousness was under half, was planned to
not extend the rate and measure of whirlwind water and to remove 80% of yearly post-
improvement full scale suspended solids and 40% of yearly post-headway supreme
phosphorous from storm water.

Making a place of certifiable recovering suggested that light and air were significantly
considered during the arrangement method. The structure was arranged around two yards to
allow light to enter to over 75% of routinely expended spaces. Identified with a shallow floor
plate and inside covered bundles, this grants over 90% of routinely expended spaces to have
points of view to the outside.

37
SMSATC's perspective of sweeping thought is to make an agreement between mind, body
and soul. It pushes toward the cerebrum through learning ventures and oppression treatment,
the body through giving physical activities in its workplaces, and the soul through giving
extraordinary quality. It also underscores the activity of light and nature as supportive parts
through its porches. The center clutches viable structure as a central bit of recovering through
giving a strong structure condition.

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2.10.2 – National Case Studies

The Genius, Rehab Center – Lahore

Location – Barki road, Lahore, Pakistan

Dated – 2008
Area – 7 Acres
Project Background - Addiction Center at The Genius Farmhouse Rehab Center is one of its
kind Drug and Alcohol Treatment facility and rehab centers in Lahore, Pakistan. It is one the
first rehab center in Pakistan which has all the necessary spaces and functions required for g
good rehab center.

It is the only rehab center in Pakistan, which is designed on the farmhouse concept. On an
area of 7 acres, they have provided a beautiful landscape which provides a biophilic approach
to the facility and also helps in the recovery of the patients. In the center of the area a
beautiful water body is designed to add some extra comfort in the natural environment.

39
Specialized Services
 Psychiatric Services
 Psychological Services
 Self-Management Training
 Family Counseling
 Addiction Treatment
 Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation Programs
 Residential Program
 Intensive Outpatient Program
 Relapse Program
 Therapies
Specialized Therapies
 Art Therapy
 Farming Therapy
 Natural / Green Therapy
 Music Therapy
 Acting Therapy
Activities
 Swimming Pool
 BBQs and Cooking
 Sports
 Gym
 Movies

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41
 Willing Ways – Lahore

Location – 71A, Jail road, Near Apwa College, Lahore, Pakistan

Dated – 1994
Area – 3 Kanals
Project Background - Willing Ways Pakistan is the most selective dependence treatment
focus in Pakistan. The pioneer and confided in pioneer in fixation treatment with a
remarkable history. Willing ways addiction treatment center is one of the old addiction
treatment centers in Pakistan having branches in Lahore, Islamabad and Karachi.

Willing Ways Lahore is a drug addiction treatment center in Lahore. The facility is designed
in a 3 kanal area. It has four floors; each floor has different spaces which are required for a
rehab center. Inpatient and outpatient facilities are provided in this building. It is a old
building so it has many restrictions in its functions and spaces. Lecture halls are provided in
the basement for group therapies and inpatient rooms are on the top two floors. Dining are for
the inpatient facility is on the first floor. Others spaces like consultants’ rooms and admin are
on the ground floor.
42
The building was not constructed for rehab facility, it was first a office plaza but then it was
converted into a rehab facility that’s why it has many flaws in its design but overall it
provides all the necessary requirements for a rehab center like, gaming rooms, gym, kitchen
and dining, patient rooms, clinics, and also group therapy areas.

43
44
CHAPTER – 3

DESIGN ASPECTS & REQUIRMENTS

The idea of designing a drug rehab center is very challenging because it is very hard to design
a facility which is capable of healing patients and also have a home like environment for its
users. The design of this facility should be far better than the usual prison like treatment
facilities and have friendly and home like environment for the betterment of the patients.
It is very difficult for the families of the patients to believe in the facilities due to the
restrictions of the services provided by these facilities and also unhealthy environment like a
prison for drug addicts. So, there is a requirement for such a facility that is capable of healing
the addicts to overcome their addiction and also give them all the essentials required for their
recovery in healthy and better environment.

3.1 – Design Aspects

This project tries to incorporate all the aspects of a good rehab center in its design so that it
can give a relieve to its users and their families.

Natural Spaces
The design will include natural spaces like therapeutic gardens, courtyards, because nature is
said to reduce the stress and improve the overall health of the human. It also helps in healing
the psychological issues of patients. A study shows that incorporating natural features in a
design will helps in a better recovery of the patients and also improves their mental ability.

Communal Living
The design will focus on the concept of communal living environment for the patients by
including communal spaces like gym, outdoor communal spaces, cafeteria etc. This will help
the patient to learn how to become a part of better community and how to react in positive
manner in every situation in community.

Safety and Security

Safety and security are one of the main aspects of this design. The facility will provide a
better safety and security to its users which will give a satisfaction to the families of the
patients.

45
Patient Focused
The center is totally patient focused, i.e. all the necessary requirements for the patients which
are required in their recovery process will be included in the design. All the spaces will be
designed by focusing on the patient psychology and by understanding their mentality to help
them in their recovery.

3.2 – Design Considerations

The main design considerations of this project are:

Height of Buildings
Because of the mental situation of the patients, it is very dangerous for them to be in heighted
building. So, the center will range between 1 to 3 floors maximum.

Gardens and Courtyards

Due to the healing qualities of the nature, the facility will have different courtyards and
gardens with both soft and hard landscapes.

Ventilation
The overall plan of this project will allow proper ventilation to all its spaces by incorporating
large openings, courtyards and open spaces.

Circulation
Circulation in the facility from one area to another will be easy by providing shaded
walkways in the master plan, stairs, lifts and corridors in the buildings.

3.3 – Major Areas of Project

Outpatient Area
For treatment, examination, consultancy, diagnosis and emergency.

Inpatient Area
A residential facility for treatment and rehabilitation of the patients.
46
Detox Area
A specialized treatment area for severely drug addicted patients, both outpatient and
inpatient.

Occupational Therapy Area

An area for patients where they are taught some training in some specific fields to prepare
them for the community.

Recreational Areas
Recreational areas in this facility like, cafeteria, gym, sports area.

3.4 – Requirements and Areas

O.P.D BLOCK
SPACES NO. OF UNITS AREA

Reception 1 120 sq. Ft

Office 5 200 sq. Ft
Laboratory 1 350 sq. Ft
Pharmacy 1 450 sq. Ft
Recovery Ward 2 480 sq. Ft
Emergency Ward 2 480 sq. Ft
Staff Area 1 370 sq. Ft
Nurse Station 2 90 sq. Ft
Admin 1 800 sq. Ft
Consultant’s Office 12 270 sq. Ft

INPATIENT BLOCK
SPACES NO. OF UNITS AREA

Reception 1 120 sq. Ft

Nurse Station 3 90 sq. Ft
Patient’s Room 20 170 sq. Ft
Gym 1 1520 sq. Ft
Dayroom 1 1520 sq. Ft
Staff Area 3 180 sq. Ft
Therapy Area 1 1520 sq. Ft
Gaming Area 2 1100 sq. Ft
47
 Prayer Area 1 1520 sq. Ft
Doctor Office 2 250 sq. Ft

DETOX BLOCK
SPACES NO. OF UNITS AREA

Reception 1 120 sq. Ft

Office 2 120 sq. Ft
Ward 4 730 sq. Ft
Kitchen 2 240 sq. Ft
Nurse Station 2 90 sq. Ft
Counselling Area 2 390 sq. Ft
Pharmacy 1 370 sq. Ft
Recovery Ward 4 730 sq. Ft

OCC. THERAPY BLOCK

SPACES NO. OF UNITS AREA

Office 1 220 sq. Ft

Textile Workshop 2 1030 sq. Ft
Art and Painting 2 800 sq. Ft
Therapy Hall 1 1030 sq. Ft
Storage 2 300 sq. Ft
Staff Area 1 180 sq. Ft
Nurse Station 1 90 sq. Ft
Counseling Area 1 300 sq. Ft

CAFÉ + STAFF RESIDENCE BLOCK

SPACES NO. OF UNITS AREA

Kitchen 1 1100 sq. Ft

Storage 1 530 sq. Ft
Nurse Station 2 90 sq. Ft
Office 2 170 sq. Ft
Dining Hall 2 2100 sq. Ft

48
CHAPTER – 4

SITE

4.1 – Site Location

The site is located in Faisalabad, on main Canal road Faisalabad near Civic Center and is
about 500 meters from Lahore – Sheikhupura road.

49
4.2 – Area of the Site

Total area of the site is 8.5 acres.

68 Kanals or 370260 SQ. FT

4.3 – Climate

High Temperature - 40 °C
Low Temperature - 5 °C
Mean Temperature - 24 °C
Precipitation – 44.4 mm
Humidity – 60%
Dew Point - 15 °C
Wind – 8 km/h
Pressure – 1008 mbar
Visibility – 5 km

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51
4.4 – Site Feasibility

Faisalabad is one the main city in Pakistan. The selected site in Faisalabad is feasible for this
project because of the nature of the project and its site requirements. This type of project
should be located on a mixed-use area where access can be easy for all type of communities
by various means and also accessible to small villages near Faisalabad, which can be very
helpful for the people in need. The site is in a location which where access is easy to all
communities in Faisalabad and also villages near.

4.5 – Site Selection Criteria

The site of the venture ought to follow the accompanying standards:

 It should be located at a place where it is easily accessible to all types of people and
attracts the whole community.
 It ought to follow the zoning guidelines set by FDA (Faisalabad Development
Authority).
 It ought to be situated close to zones with many different used buildings, and should
have a clear neighborhood context.

52
  It ought to be situated in a region where clients and users can appreciate the natural
views since it plays a huge impact on a good architectural building

4.6 – Neighborhood

4.7 – Site Analysis

Sun Path, Wind and Noise

53
Topography and Natural Elements
The site is flat and is 4 feet in depression from road level.

Accessibility
The only access to the site is from Canal road. The site can be accessible by various local
transport means easily.

Utilities
Electricity
Sewerage
Water Supply
Sui Gas
Telephone
54
Manmade Features
There is no manmade feature on the site. It is an empty land with lots of natural green spaces.

Traffic
Canal road is one of the roads with heavy traffic throughout the day, but at night the traffic is
low. A service road is connected to the site which makes it easier to access the site at peak
hours of traffic.

Site Images

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56
57
CHAPTER – 5

ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS

5.1 - Master Plan

58
5.2 – Proposed Buildings

59
5.3 – 3D Views

60
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