Acid and Base Worksheet

1) Using your knowledge of the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases, write equations for the
following acid-base reactions and indicate each conjugate acid-base pair:

a) HNO3 + OH- 

b) CH3NH2 + H2O 

c) OH- + HPO4-2 

2) The compound NaOH is a base by the theories (definitions) we discussed in class. However,
each of the theories describes what a base is in different terms. Use your knowledge of these
three theories to describe NaOH as an Arrhenius base, and as a Brønsted-Lowry base.

3) When hydrogen chloride reacts with ammonia, ammonium chloride is formed. Write the
equation for this process, and indicate the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base.

4) Write an equation for the reaction of potassium metal with hydrochloric acid.

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5) Give the formula for each of the acids below and list whether or not they are binary or oxyacids:

1. Perchloric acid _______________ _______________

2. Chloric acid _______________ _______________
3. Hypochlorous acid _______________ _______________
4. Hydrosulfuric acid _______________ _______________
5. Nitrous acid _______________ _______________
6. Nitric acid _______________ _______________
7. Carbonic acid _______________ _______________
8. Sulfurous acid _______________ _______________
9. Acetic acid _______________ _______________
10. Sulfuric acid _______________ _______________
11. Hydrochloric acid _______________ _______________
12. Hydriodic acid _______________ _______________

6) Write the names for the following acids and bases:

a) KOH ____________________________________

b) H2Se ____________________________________

c) C2H3O2H ____________________________________

d) Fe(OH)2 ____________________________________

e) HCN ____________________________________

7.) Identifying Acids & Bases: A=acid B =base C=possibly either

A. _____ releases hydrogen gas when E. _____ may cause caustic burns
Mg metal is added
F. _____ feels slippery

B. _____ phenolphthalein turns pink G. _____ Sour tasting

H. _____ Has a pH of 2.3

C. _____ conducts electricity in aqueous
solution I. _____ ammonia

D. _____ turns blue litmus red J. _____ coca-cola

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8) Circle the letter of the correct answer below.

I. An acid that produces hydronium ions in aqueous solution is

a. NaOH b. KOH c. CH4 d. H2SO4

II. The reaction of a base with an acid to form a salt and water is termed
a. hydrolysis b. emulsification c. electrolysis d. neutralization

III. The compound in the following group that is NOT a salt is

a. (NH4) 2 b. Ba(NO3)2 c. MgSO4 d. NaCl

IV. According to the _______________ theory, acids are proton donors.

a. Bronsted-Lowry b. Arrhenius c. Lewis d. Colonal Sanders

V. Which of the following is sulfurous acid?

a. KCI b. NaCl c. H2SO3 D. Na2CO3

9) For each of the following theories, write A=Arrhenius, B-L= Bronsted-Lowry

a) Acids are proton donors______

b) Bases when put in water dissociate to form hydroxide ions______

c) Sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid________

d) Bases are proton acceptors _________

e) Acids dissociate to form hydrogen ions when puts in water ________

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 Acid and Base Worksheet - Answers
1) Using your knowledge of the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases, write
equations for the following acid-base reactions and indicate each conjugate acid-
base pair:
a) HNO3 + OH-  H2O + NO3-
HNO3 and NO3- make one pair
OH- and H2O make the other

b) CH3NH2 + H2O  CH3NH3+ + OH-

CH3NH2 and CH3NH3+ make one pair
OH- and H2O make the other

c) OH- + HPO4-2  H2O + PO4-3

HPO4-2 and PO4-3 make one pair
OH- and H2O make the other

2) The compound NaOH is a base by all three of the theories we discussed in class.
However, each of the three theories describes what a base is in different terms.
Use your knowledge of these three theories to describe NaOH as an Arrhenius
base, a Brønsted-Lowry base, and a Lewis base.
 NaOH is an Arrhenius base because it creates OH - ions when placed in
water.
 NaOH is a Brønsted-Lowry base because it accepts H + ions from acids.
 NaOH is a Lewis base because the lone pairs on the hydroxide ion can
be donated to other compounds.

3) When hydrogen chloride reacts with ammonia, ammonium chloride is formed.

Write the equation for this process, and indicate which of the reagents is the
Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base.
HCl + NH3  NH4Cl
NH3 is a Lewis base because it uses its lone pair electrons to pull a
hydrogen atom from hydrochloric acid.
HCl is a Lewis acid because it accepts electrons from NH 3 when the H is
transferred.

4) Write an equation for the reaction of potassium metal with hydrochloric acid.
2 K + 2 HCl  2 KCl + H2

5) Borane (BH3) is a basic compound, but doesn’t conduct electricity when you
dissolve it in water. Explain this, based on the definitions of acids and bases that
we discussed in class.
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 Borane is a Lewis base, but a negligibly strong Brønsted-Lowry base.

6) Write the names for the following acids and bases:

a) KOH potassium hydroxide

b) H2Se hydroselenic acid

c) C2H3O2H acetic acid

d) Fe(OH)2 iron(II) hydroxide

e) HCN hydrogen cyanide or hydrocyanic acid

7) Write the formulas for the following chemical compounds (remember, you’ve still
got a pop quiz coming up before the end of next week!)

a) ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4

b) cobalt (III) nitride CoN

c) carbon disulfide CS2

d) aluminum carbonate Al2(CO3)3

e) chlorine Cl2

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