SCH 3U Name: ___________________________

UNIT #2: Nomenclature and Chemical Bonding Review

Part A: Bonding
For questions requiring calculations, please show your work.

1. a) What is a chemical bond?

b) Draw the bonding continuum and identify the range of values corresponding to the various types of
bonds found in compounds.

c) Explain the difference between the types of chemical bond and give an example of each.

2. Determine the type of bond present in each substance using electronegativity values.

CBr4 ∆EN= CO2 ∆EN=

Bond Type: Bond Type:

H2S ∆EN= BaF2 ∆EN=

Bond Type: Bond Type:

2. Use the ionization equation method to predict the formula of these ionic compounds. This involves
adding two equations (loss and gain of e-) to make a “balanced” net equation.
a) aluminum bromide

b) lead (IV) sulfide

Part B: Nomenclature

1. a) What is the valence of the metal in VO4? Name the compound using the Stock system.

b) What is the valence of phosphorus in the compound PCl5? Name the compound using the Stock,
ous/ic and Greek prefix systems.

c) What is the valence of carbon in the compound C2H4? Name the compound using IUPAC hydrocarbon
system.

2. Correct the following mistakes in the chemical formulae:

a) lead (IV) dihydrogen phosphite = Pb4H2PO3 b) dinitrogen tetroxide N4O2

c) calcium sulfate = Ca(SO4)2 d) ammonium hydroxide = NH4HO

 3. Complete the table.
Compound Name of Compound Name of Compound Compound Formula
Formula
AsCl3 (Greek) barium sulfite

Pb(NO3)2∙ 4H2O Ferric oxide

HNO2 (aq) sodium peroxide

Sn(ClO2)2 iron (III) iodide

Zn(OH) 2 tin(II) hydrogen carbonate

K2S copper (II) dihydrogen

phosphate pentahydrate

HI (aq) nitrogen monoxide

H3PO4(aq) carbonic acid

Be(HCO3) 2 ammonium phosphate

NaClO4 fluorine gas

CuNO2 (ous/ic) hydrobromic acid

CaO magnesium nitride

Part D: Lewis Structures and Shapes of Molecules

1. a) What does VSEPR stand for?

B )VSEPR theory uses two factors related to the central atom(s) of a molecule to predict the 3-
dimensional shape of a molecule. What are these 2 factors?
 2. Draw the Lewis Structure, 3-D structure and name the shape for the following compounds. Be
sure to include all bonds and lone pair electrons.

Compound Lewis Structure 3-D Structure of the Shape Name for the
Compound 3-D Structure

AsCl3

C2H2

BCl3

CF2H2

SF2

1. Draw the Lewis structure of the following compounds or polyatomic ions.

a) SF6 b) XeF2 b) hydroxide ion c) ammonium ion

art E: Short Answer

1. Why is it incorrect to call sodium chloride a molecule? What is a better name for this type of
substance.

2. Explain the difference between intramolecular bonds and intermolecular bonds. Include a
labeled diagram of a water molecule in your answer.

3. Why are small molecular substances (e.g. chlorine, ammonia) gases at room temperature while
small ionic compounds (e.g. sodium chloride) solids?

4. Methane and methanol are both small molecular compounds. However they have very different
physical properties. For example, methane boils (liquid 🡪 gas) at -182oC methanol (CH3OH) boils
at 65oC.
 a) Draw a Lewis structure for each molecule. Be sure to include unbonded pairs (lone pairs).

b) Draw and name the shape of each molecule. .

c) Calculate the electronegativity differences. If any bond dipoles are present, indicate them on
your shape diagrams.
d) Propose a logical explanation for the difference in boiling point between these 2 small
molecular compounds.

5. a) A chemist tested three white powders. The following results were obtained:

Substance Melting Point Boiling Point (oC) Solubility in Water Conductivity in

(oC) Water
A. 94 345 Soluble No
B. 645 1297 Soluble Yes
C. -30 174 Insoluble N/A

a) Match the properties with the substances: cesium chloride (CsCl); decane (C 10H22); xylitol
(C5H12O5).
b) Briefly explain why substance C has a lower melting and boiling point than A.
c) Briefly explain why B has the highest melting and boiling point.

6. a) Draw a Lewis structure for the methyl radical (CH3) and ethane (C2H6).
b) Referring to the Lewis structures, explain why ethane’s molecular formula cannot be simplified
whereas the formulas of ionic compounds are always written as the lowest whole number ratio..

7. a) Water is often incorrectly described as a good conductor of electricity. Explain why water
molecules cannot conduct.
b) Explain at the particle level how a sodium chloride solution (NaCl (aq)) can conduct electricity.

8. Consider the molecules BF3, NH3 and CF4.

a) Using electronegativity values, rank these bonds from highest to lowest polarity.
b) The boiling points of these compounds are as follows: BF3: -100oC; NH3: -33oC; CF4: -128oC. Do
these boiling points agree with the bond polarity ranking? Explain why or why not.6. a) Draw a
Lewis structure for the methyl radical (CH3) and ethane (C2H6).