0417 - 2012-2021 Ms

Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper
IGCSE – May/June 2012 0417 11
1 A Microphone [1]
B Webcam [1]
C Remote control [1]
D Number pad [1]
2 buzzer DVD R joystick [1]
magnetic tape plotter touch pad [1]
3
True False
A scanner is used to enter a PIN
Word processing software is used to write letters
Database software is used to create newspapers
A command line interface uses icons to represent applications
Sensors are used to monitor physical variables

[5]
4
Abnormal Extreme
20
21
twenty
0
[4]
© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

5 Three pairs from:

Hub
Broadcasts data packets to computers in a LAN
Router
Connects LANs to a WAN/Internet
Switch
Directs data packets to specific computers
NIC
Enables computers to be connected to a network
Bridge
Connects networks/LANs together/Directs data packets to specific networks
Proxy server
Stores web pages for faster re-use by computers/can act as a firewall
Modem
Modulates data and demodulates phone signals [6]
6
LAN WLAN
Uses wireless technology to transmit data
Faster transmission of data
Greater security
Is cheaper as there is less cabling

[4]
7 PEN DOWN FORWARD 300
RIGHT 90 PEN DOWN
REPEAT 8 REPEAT 6 b
FORWARD 100 FORWARD 80
LEFT 45 LEFT 60
END REPEAT END REPEAT
PENUP
1 mark for each correct statement [8]

8 A blu ray disc is used to store high definition copies of movies
A graphics tablet is used to retouch photographs
An inkjet printer is used to print out photographs
A motor is used to open windows in a greenhouse
An Optical Mark Reader is used to input candidate examination answers [5]
9 Three from:
If computer is switched off work in RAM goes but backing storage stores data for future use
More likely that data is accidentally deleted in RAM
RAM is more expensive than backing storage per unit of memory
RAM is bulkier than backing storage per unit of memory
RAM provides faster access than backing storage
Software package may be so large that it is physically impossible for RAM to store it.
Data may need to be transferred from one computer to another and can’t do that with RAM [3]
10 (a) Three from:

Temperature sensor
Light sensor
pH sensor
O2 sensor
CO2 sensor [3]
(b) Five from:

The sensors feed back data to microprocessor/computer
Data is converted from Analogue to Digital
Readings from A are compared with those from B...
.....by the computer/microprocessor
Differences are printed out
Graphs are automatically produced by computer showing values from A and B..
...plotted against time
Process is continuous. [5]
11 (a) Four from:

User interface
Rules base
Knowledge base
Inference engine [4]
(b) Two from:

Engine car fault diagnosis
Prospecting
Tax
Careers
Chess games
Animal/plant classification [2]

12 Three pairs from:

Length check
Checks there are exactly 16 characters
Invalid character/type check

Checks all characters entered are digits
Check digit
Single digit calculated from other digits appended to these, computer carries out fresh calculation
on digit and compares answer with original check digit.
Existency check
Is the card number on the database [6]
13 RSI in the wrists – caused by repetitive typing/prolonged gripping of mouse [1]

RSI in the fingers – caused by repetitive clicking of mouse [1]
Headaches – staring at the screen for too long [1]
Back pain – sitting in the same position for long periods [1]
14 Three matched triples from:
User ID and password

Benefit – each user ID could be unique/only user will know the password/data can only be
accessed by person who knows the password/Password can be changed frequently to avoid
hackers guessing them/Unsuccessful logins can throw you out of the system
Drawback – user might forget password/keylogging software can be used to intercept it
Biometrics
Benefit – each user has unique biometrics
Drawback – equipment is expensive to buy/may be difficult or expensive to get equipment to user
Magnetic/chip card with PIN

Benefit – Hacker needs to have the card and know the PIN
Drawback – can lose the card/can forget PIN
TAN
Benefit – Always changing so a hacker would not be able to use it even if they intercepted it when
user typed it in.
Drawback – need to have card and remember PIN and use it within a short period of time. [9]

15 (a) Would always be the same contents/waste space putting in duplicated field [1]
(b)
Field name Validation check
Model Must be Feisty or Mendo or Galactica
Colour Must be red, blue or gold
Air conditioning Boolean check - Must be yes or no
Number of doors Range check >2 AND <6 / >=3 AND <=5
[7]
(c) Six from:

Validation is the checking that data is reasonable or acceptable
Verification is checking that data has been accurately copied from one medium to another.
Verification does not check that data is correct
If original data is incorrect it will still be incorrect after it has been copied accurately
Validation does not check that data is correct
If, for example, data is incorrect but within a given range, a range check won’t reject it
Validation will pick up errors that verification does not
Verification will pick up errors that validation does not
Verification can sometimes be carried out by the user
Validation is always carried out by the computer [6]
16 (a) Three from:

It looks through the cells A2 to B7…
…in Sheet 1
Until it finds the value equal to the contents B2 (BAH) in sheet 2
B2 in sheet 2 contains BAH
It records the corresponding value from column 2 of sheet 1
Produces Bahamas [3]
(b) Maldives [1]
(c) Three from:

It looks through A8 to A18
Cell B2 contains the code BAH
Checks whether A8 to A18 contains the code BAH/contents of B2
Counts all the cells where there is a match
Produces the answer 3. [3]
(d) 4 [1]

(e) Four from:

Benefits
Real thing may be too expensive to build
Real thing requires too large a time scale
Real thing would be too wasteful of materials
Real thing is too vast a scale
Easier to change data/variables
Costs less to change data/variables
The real thing may be impossible to access/create
Real thing may be too dangerous
You can test predictions more easily/model can make predictions more accurately
you can ask many whatif questions which would be impractical in real life
Drawbacks
Can never allow for all eventualities
Difficult to exactly recreate a lifelike situation
Hardware and software may be expensive
Workers will need to be trained to use the system
Max. 3 drawbacks or benefits [4]

1 A Laser printer [1]

B Speakers [1]
C CRT Monitor [1]
D Plotter [1]
2 buzzer DVD R joystick [1]
3
True False
Measuring software is used to monitor physical variables
Presentation software is used to create models
Laptops can be used even when not plugged in to an electricity socket
Control software is used to create slide shows
A graph plotter is used to print newsletters

[5]
4
Abnormal Normal
101
21
thirty
99
[4]
5
Blog Wiki
Usually in some form of chronological order
Usually many contributors and authors
Usually personal
Postings tend to be short in length

[4]

6 To store a high definition movie Fixed hard disc
To store school work to use at home Blu-ray disc
To store server backups Pen drive
To store an online database Magnetic tape [4]
7 Four instructions and four paired meanings from:
INSTRUCTION MEANING
FORWARD n Move n mm forward
BACKWARD n Move n mm backward
LEFT t Turn left t degrees
RIGHT t Turn right t degrees
REPEAT n Repeat the following instructions n times
END REPEAT Finish the REPEAT loop

[8]
8 (a) A light sensor is used to input data in a computer controlled greenhouse.
(b) An optical character reader is used to input text to a computer ready for processing.
(c) A bar code reader is used to input numbers from products at a POS terminal.
(d) A web camera is used to input moving pictures from a fixed position into a
computer
(e) A light pen is used for drawing applications where a graphics tablet
might be too big [5]

9
Sound
Bullets
Animation
Serif fonts
Graphs
Video
[3]
10 Six from:
Symptoms are entered using the user interface
User interface displays questions...
...based on previous responses
User answers questions using user interface
inference engine compares symptoms
compares symptoms with those in the knowledge base
compares symptoms using rules base…
…matches of symptoms are found
User interface/screen displays possible diagnoses/illnesses/probabilities [6]
11 Six from:
The customer is asked to type in their PIN
The (ATM) checks to see if the card is valid
The customer is asked which language/currency they require
The bank account details are read from the chip
Customer is asked if they want a receipt
The typed PIN number is compared with that stored in the chip
If they are the same the transaction proceeds
If they are not the same the customer is asked to re-enter PIN
If three failed attempts transaction rejected and card withheld
The customer is asked which service is required
The customer selects required service (cash)
The customer is asked how much money they want to withdraw
The customer’s account is checked to see if it has sufficient funds
The amount is checked against the card limit
If there are sufficient funds (and the amount is within the card limit) the transaction is authorised/if
not transaction is rejected
The amount is deducted from the customer account
The bank notes are issued
The card is returned (by the computer)
If required receipt is printed. [6]

12 (a) Three from:

Temperature sensor
Infra red sensor/Movement sensor/camera/motion sensor
light sensor
Pressure sensor/pad
Contact switch
Sound sensor/microphone
key pad/touch screen
Biometric devices [3]
(b) Five from:

Microprocessor checks input from the user is authentic
Microprocessor (continually) monitors sensors.
If light/infra red sensor reading changes
If movement sensor activated...
If contact switch activated...
If pressure greater than pre-set value.....
If sound greater than pre-set value.....
If temperature greater than pre-set value....
Microprocessor sends signal to sound alarm
Microprocessor sends signal to flashing light/house lights.
Microprocessor sends signal automatically to police
Microprocessor automatically sends message/calls/texts owner [5]
13 (a)
Field name Data type
Title Text
Film length Numeric
Date/Year of release Date
Format/Blu ray/DVD Boolean

[6]
(b) Two from:

If field length is too long storage space is wasted...
Greater memory requirements increases cost
Takes longer to type in data
If it’s too short not all data within the field will be entered
If it’s too short abbreviations would be needed making the field contents difficult to interpret
[2]

(c) User documentation [1]
Two from:
How to load software/ run software/install software
How to save a file
How to search
How to sort
How to print
How to add records
How to delete/edit records
Input format or example
Output format or example
Hardware requirements
Software requirements
Sample runs/test runs
Limitations of the system
Troubleshooting guide/contact details/help line/FAQs
Error messages/handling
Tutorials [2]
Technical documentation [1]
Two from:
Program listing
Name of program language
Flowchart/algorithm
List of variables
File structure
Purpose of the system/program
Purpose of the program
Input format or example (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Output format or example (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Hardware requirements (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Software requirements (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Sample runs/test runs (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Limitations of the system (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Known bugs
Validation routines [2]
14 Two advantages from:

More likely to have it with you
Can access internet from greater number of places
Easier to use while on the move
Two disadvantages from:

Display is more difficult to see/display screen is smaller
Keyboard is smaller so more difficult to type
Some sites do not have full facilities for mobile phone [4]

15 (a) Three from:

It looks through A8 to A18
Cell B2 contains the code BRA
Checks whether A8 to A18 contains the code BRA/contents of B2
Produces the answer 4. [3]
(b) 2 [1]
(c) Three from:

Checks whether A8 to A18 contains the code BRA/cell B2
Where there is a match adds up…
…all the corresponding cells in B8 to B18
Produces the answer 48 [3]
(d) 31 [1]
(e) three from:

Put the formula =SUM(D2:D5) in cell D6
Put the formula =SUM(B8:B18) in cell B19
Put the formula =D6-B19 in cell D7/ suitable IF formula in cell D7/compare the values of D6
and B19 they should be the same [3]
(f) Absolute cell referencing is being used [1]
Two from:
When formulae are replicated.
...some cell references must remain unchanged
This makes sure they will stay consistent when replicated [2]
16 Three from:
A piece of program code
Which replicates itself
Fills up hard disc making it unusable
Deletes data/changes data (from hard disc)
Makes software/operating system unusable [3]
17 Six from:
Internet is not regulated
Danger of accessing inappropriate websites.
Can take long time to find required information
Have to have internet connectivity/computer/phone line/modem
Internet tends to be up to date
Internet has vast amounts of information/wide range of information
Faster to search only if referring to use of search engine
Can access biased/inaccurate/unreliable websites
Lack of expertise can lead to inefficient searching
Easy to plagiarise information [6]

1 A Flash memory card [1]

B Magnetic disc [1]
C Magnetic stripe [1]
D Joystick [1]
2 CRT monitor DVD ROM magnetic tape [1]
Number pad plotter trackerball [1]
3
True False
Control software is used to create slide shows
Palmtop computers do not have DVD drives
Presentation software can be used to produce databases
An internet browser uses an inference engine
Motors are output devices

[5]
4 (a) A dot matrix printer produces hard copy in harsh conditions. [1]
(b) A microphone inputs sounds. [1]
(c) A multimedia projector is used to show slideshows. [1]
(d) A presence check is a validation rule. [1]
(e) A magnetic tape is used to create backups from a server’s hard disc. [1]
5 Three from:
Temperature sensor
Pressure sensor
Moisture sensor
Humidity sensor
Light sensor
Motion sensor [3]

6 to select options from a list keyboard
to type data into a database optical mark reader
to input candidate examination answers chip reader
to input data directly from a bank card mouse [4]
7 PEN DOWN BACKWARD 140
LEFT 90 PENDOWN
REPEAT 5 REPEAT 4
RIGHT 72 RIGHT 90
END REPEAT END REPEAT
PENUP
One mark for every line except the square then one mark per two instructions [8]
8
True False
Encryption prevents hackers from understanding the data
Encryption destroys viruses
Encryption prevents unauthorised access to computer systems
Encryption is the scrambling of data

[4]
9 Five from:
Data is gathered/collected from experts
Knowledge base is designed/created
A structure to relate each item in the database / knowledge base is created
An interrogation technique to access the data is created
A user interface/method of displaying the results/method of inputting data/ input screen/output
screen is designed/created
The inference engine is designed/created
The rules base is designed/created
The system is tested [5]

10 Four from:
User/customer is in direct contact with the main computer/CPU
Appears that nobody else can access system at that point/processing is almost immediate
Computer asks customer for details of flight
Computer asks for personal details of passengers
Computer searches for matching flights
Computer may display list of seats available
Computer may ask customer to select a seat
(Customer selects seat from those available and) computer flags seat as booked
Computer asks customer to complete payment details
Computer checks details are valid by communicating with customer’s bank
Computer checks if sufficient funds
Airline’s database is updated immediately
Number of seats available reduces by number booked
Prevents double booking
Confirmation/e-ticket may be sent to customer by email [4]
11 Three matched pairs from:
Hub
Broadcasts data packets to computers in a LAN
Switch
Directs data to specific computers
Bridge
Connects two LANs together to form a larger LAN/Directs data packets to specific networks
NIC
Enables computer to be connected to a network [6]
12 (a)
Number of bedrooms integer
Price currency
Property Type Boolean
Floor space/area numeric
1 mark for each correctly filled gap [6]

(b) Five from:

Parallel running is running the old and new system together
Direct changeover is stopping the old system and starting the new one immediately
Parallel running is more expensive to implement than direct changeover....
....more expensive as two sets of workers have to be employed
Benefits of direct changeover are immediate whereas this is not the case with parallel
running.
Parallel running is slower to implement
If new system fails there is no backup system with direct changeover but there is with parallel
running
With parallel running training can be gradual unlike direct changeover which is difficult to
organise [5]
Normal
Within a given range such as 30 out of 50
Abnormal outside the given range or of wrong data type such as 56 out of 50 or ‘sixty’
Extreme
At the boundaries of the given range e.g. 0 or 50 [6]
14 Two matched pairs
Proxy server
The proxy server can restrict the web sites students can access/can block access to sites with
objectionable material
Firewall
Limits the computers (using IP address) that can access the system/that can be accessed from
within the school
Applying parental guidance settings.

Can block undesirable topics [4]
15 (a) Six from:

Checks to see if the value of A7 is “D”
If it is, the value in B7/4.00 is multiplied by the value in B2/10%
If it isn’t, checks to see if the value in A7 is “N”
If it isn’t, checks to see if the value in A7 is “P”
If it isn’t, “FALSE” is generated
A7 contains “D”
In this example answer is $4.00 x 10%/ answer is $0.40 [6]
(b) $1.00 [1]

(c) Three from:

Clicked on C7 and manoeuvred to bottom right hand corner of cell
Until black cross appears
Black cross dragged down to C18
Or three from:
Right clicked on C7 select copy from menu

Selected C8 to C18
Right click and click on paste
Highlight cells C7 to C18

Click on Fill
Click on down [3]
(d) = b7 – c7 [1]
(e) two from:

can see what will happen without spending a lot of money
results can be seen in a shorter space of time
you can ask many whatif questions which would be impractical in real life
You can test predictions more easily/model can make predictions more accurately [2]
16 Window – an area on the screen that displays information for a specific program. [1]
Icon represents a folder or a program – can be seen within a window or freestanding on screen [1]
Menus – contains lists of options for a certain program/software [1]
Pointing device/Pointer – used to select menu options/icons/close/open windows [1]

17 Six from:
Advantages of DTP
Can be sure every local family gets to see it
Not everybody has a computer/internet/modem
Can read it anywhere/not limited to where computer is.
Disadvantages of website
Can’t be sure every local family gets to see it
Not everybody has a computer/internet/modem
Can’t read it anywhere/ limited to where computer is.
Disadvantages of DTP
Takes time to physically distribute by hand
Might need to pay somebody to distribute by hand
Costs of ink/paper/printing
Not as easy to update
Not interactive/hyperlinks
No animation/video
No sound
Advantages of website
No costs of ink/paper/printing
Easier to update
Interactive/hyperlinks
Animation/video
Sound
Allow one mark for a reasoned conclusion
18 Six from:
Car workers have been made unemployed
Car workers have had to be retrained
Car workers have become deskilled
More technical staff have been employed
Work areas are cleaner
There is a healthier environment
Workers have a safer environment
Fewer manual tasks [6]

Page 2 Mark Scheme Syllabus Paper
IGCSE – October/November 2012 0417 11
1 A Webcam B Speaker
C Number pad D Touchpad [4]
2 graphics tablet keyboard laser printer [1]
motor optical character reader web cam [1]
3
True False
Computer programs are examples of software [1]
A web authoring package is an example of hardware [1]
An icon is a component of a command line interface [1]
A mobile phone (cell phone) uses flash memory [1]
4
(a) A dot matrix printer is used to print on continuous multi-part stationery [1]
(b) A buzzer is used to output sound [1]
(c) A graph plotter is used in CAD applications for very large printouts. [1]
(d) A laser printer is used to produce high quality and high volume printouts. [1]
(e) A tracker ball is used to move a pointer on a screen. [1]
5 Three from:
Monitors and controls incoming and outgoing data traffic

Helps to prevent malware getting into computer/from the internet
Prevents computer accessing undesirable/unauthorised sites
Prevents unauthorised computers using the internet accessing the computer
Keeps a list of undesirable sites/IP addresses
Keeps a list of acceptable sites/IP addresses
Warns you regarding threats/allows you to accept/reject downloaded programs [3]
© Cambridge International Examinations 2012

6 (a) Two from:
Data could be corrupted on original medium

Data could be accidentally amended/overwritten on original medium
Data could be accidentally deleted from original medium
Data could be maliciously deleted from original medium [2]
(b) Two from:
Virus is a piece of programming code

Which replicates itself...
Can fill up storage medium making it unusable
Deletes data/change data
Makes software/operating system unusable [2 max]
If the original medium has a virus the backup will have it as well/backup will have no effect on
the hard disc so it is still susceptible to viruses [1]
7 Three from:
Blog usually has a single author/ a Wiki usually has many authors
Blog is usually in reverse chronological structure/ a Wiki has a structure determined by content
and users
Blog is usually personal/someone’s opinion/ a Wiki is usually objective
Can’t edit a blog/ a Wiki can be edited/ Can only add comments to a blog [3]
8
Online Batch
Paying for goods at an EFTPOS [1]
Producing electricity bills [1]
Booking a holiday [1]
Producing payslips [1]

9
PENDOWN FORWARD 70
FORWARD 70 REPEAT 4
RIGHT 90 FORWARD 40
PENUP RIGHT 90
FORWARD 70 END REPEAT
PENDOWN
1 mark for each statement correctly placed
Other less economical solutions can gain full marks [8]
10 Five from:
Benefits:
Can call meeting at short notice
No need to pay travelling expenses
Can work from home
Employees will save time travelling
Do not have to pay hotel expenses
Do not have to pay for conference room facilities
Safer as participants do not have to travel
Don’t have to transport/carry equipment/lots of documents/documents don’t get lost in transit
Four max.
Drawbacks:
Takes time/costs money to learn new technology/to be trained
Difficult to have international meetings because of time differences
Initial cost of hardware (and software)
Equipment can break down/power cuts can stop conference
Poor strength of signal/time lag/lip sync can be a problem/ connection can be lost
Loss of personal/social contact
Legal documents cannot be signed
Four max. [5]

11
Take regular breaks from working at the computer
[1]
Do not overload electrical sockets
[1]
Make sure all cabling is securely tied
Sit with your back upright at all times

[1]
Always have a CO2 fire extinguisher in the room
Use a wrist rest when typing
12 (a) Two from:
Temperature
Humidity
Moisture
pH [2]
(b) Sensor measures analogue [1]

Computer works in digital [1]
Analogue to digital converter [1]
(c) Four from:
microprocessor compares light reading with preset value

if lower than pre-set value microprocessor sends signal to switch on light bulb
if higher than pre-set value microprocessor sends signal to switch off light bulb
process is continuous/ monitoring of sensors is continuous [4]
13 (a) Three from:
Card number
PIN
Expiry date
Type of card/issuer
Security number [3]
(b) Three from:
Card is valid/card number exists

Card is in date
PIN entered matches that on card
Checks if card is stolen [3]

(c) Five from:
Customer bank contacted

Bank looks up customer account number
Checks available balance
Checks daily (card) limit
If insufficient funds then transaction is rejected
If sufficient funds then transaction is authorised
Money deducted from customer account
Money credited to supermarket account [5]
14 (a) Three from:
Examining documents of the current system

Distribute questionnaires to users of the current system
Interview users of the current system
Observing the current system/workers/users [3]
(b)
Field name Validation Check
Book Title/Author none [1]
Author/ Book Title none [1]
Price Range check [1]
Fiction/Non-Fiction Boolean [1], [1]
Hardback/Paper back Boolean [1], [1]
(c) Any three matched pairs from
A value between 0 and 20

This is normal data and should be accepted by the system
0 or 20
This is extreme data and should be accepted by the system
Any number above 20 or text

This is abnormal data and should be rejected by the system [6]

15 (a) Optical Mark Recognition/Reader [1]

Optical Character Recognition/Reader [1]
(b) Six from:
OCR and OMR are quicker methods of entering data compared to a keyboard
OMR has limited uses such as exam answers
OMR can be used in school registers
Optical Character Recognition is more prone to errors
OCR can be used by utility companies to read meters/to make entered text editable
Keyboard is used to input data manually/typing
Keyboard can be more accurate than OCR/less accurate than OMR
Keyboard and OCR can input text more easily than OMR
Pre printed stationery is required for OMR
Specialised equipment is required for OCR/OMR [6]
16 (a)
Robots are cheap to buy
Running costs are lower as humans have to be paid wages
Robots never need maintenance
Humans cannot work continuously
Robots can work in hazardous conditions
There is lower productivity with robots
Robots produce the same standard of finished product every time
Humans have greater accuracy than robots

[4]
(b) Three from:
Programming robots
Changing robot arm tools/end effectors
Maintaining robots
Supervising operations
Quality control/inspecting finished cars [3]
17 Three from:
installing malicious code on a PC or server

user is redirected to bogus website
user accesses websites which look authentic
but belong to the fraudster/hacker
are used to gain bank/personal details [3]

1 A dot matrix printer B trackerball

C multimedia projector D inkjet printer [4]
2 light pen magnetic disc motor [1]
mouse OCR ROM [1]
3
TRUE FALSE
A chip reader is an example of software [1]
A hard disc drive is an example of hardware [1]
DTP is a form of operating system [1]

A blu-ray disc has a greater storage capacity than a
[1]
DVD
Flash memory cards are used in digital cameras [1]
4 Mouse to input voiceovers for a presentation [1]
Joystick to input a PIN [1]
Optical Mark reader to select options from a menu [1]
Microphone to operate a flight simulator [1]
Number pad to input candidate responses on examination papers [1]
5
TRUE FALSE
ROM is volatile [1]
ROM is used to store the startup instructions of a computer [1]
The data in ROM is easier to change than that in RAM [1]
ROM is used to store the data the user is currently working on [1]
6 Three from:
Projector/large screen
Webcam/video camera
Speakers/headphones
Microphone
Router/modem [3]

PEN DOWN END REPEAT
LEFT 90 PENUP
REPEAT 2 FORWARD 90
FORWARD 50 PENDOWN
RIGHT 90 FORWARD 70
8 (a) Three from:
Descriptions of:
Temperature
Pressure
Sunlight
Humidity
Rainfall [3]
(b) Three from:
Descriptions of:
Uses text and numbers

Performs automatic recalculation
Performs whatifs
Replicates formulae
Formulae/functions
Can have absolute and relative cell references/named cells or ranges
Graphs/charts [3]
(c) Three descriptions from:
Simulations
Mathematical models
Scientific models
Civil engineering models
Financial models
Flight/pilot simulation/training
Large scale chemical experiments
Design of fairground rides
Traffic control
Building fire simulation [3]

(d) Two from:
Some situations are/real thing might be dangerous/model is less dangerous

Cost of building real thing may be expensive
Real thing may waste raw materials/natural resources
Real thing may be on too vast a scale
Extremes which can’t be tested in real life can be tested using models [2]
9 (a) Hub/switch/bridge [1]
(b) Email software/IM software [1]
(c) LAN/intranet [1]
(d) Three from:
They may waste time playing games/going on social network sites/updating their blog/ online
shopping/banking/surfing
They could access undesirable sites
They could download viruses/malware
Could make the company susceptible to hackers [3]
10 (a) Three from:
Fewer staff needed – less spent on wages

Fewer shops needed – less spent on rates/rent/utilities
Less actual cash handled – fewer robberies
Less money spent on security staff
Potentially larger customer base [3]
(b) Three from:
Initial cost of hardware/software is expensive

Need to retrain staff
Less customer loyalty/loss of customers/more difficult to sell other services/product due to
lack of personal touch
Costs of system maintenance
Greater costs due to more delivery staff [3]

Sound
Spoken introduction by head/voiceover the presentation/background music/school
choir/band/orchestra/sound effects when changing/opening a slide
Animation
Text effects/cartoon representing school activities
Video
Introduction by head/school play/choir/band/orchestra/sports activities
Hyperlinks
Move to another slide
Slide transitions
To keep the viewer’s attention [6]
12 Visually comparing typed in data with original source [1]

Computer compares two versions of the typed in data [1]
Two from:
Data may be entered/copied inaccurately

Check needs to be carried out to ensure accurate data entry
Validation may not pick up that although the data is acceptable it may still be incorrect [2]
13 (a)
Optical character reader
Electronic scales [1]
Sound sensor
Bar code reader [1]
Number pad [1]
Trackerball
(b) Two from:
Computer calculates check digit from numbers in bar code number

Compares calculated check digit with that recorded in bar code number
If same, proceeds with transaction, otherwise sounds warning signal/issues error message
[2]

(c) Five from:
Every time a product is bought, number in stock reduces by 1

Number in stock of Kollege Corn Flakes falls to 150
Compare number in stock with Re-order level
Is equal so needs re-ordering
Kollege Corn Flakes now needs re-ordering
Read off re-order quantity (which is 50)
Read off supplier code L93512
Use suppliers’ database
Lookup supplier code (L93512)
Read off supplier’s name, address - Lu Chen, Kinshasa Highway, Box 41324
Print off re-order request
Print off address label [5]
14 Three from:
Fraudster sends an e-mail

which appear to be authentic
Is sent by a fraudster posing as a bank/organisation
in order to get the target's bank details/personal details [3]
15 (a)
Field name Validation rule [1]
First_name none [1]
Family name none [1]
class Format/picture/length [1]
Number of IGCSEs Range [1], [1]
Gender Boolean [1], [1]
(b) Three from:
Normal data – data within a given range/appropriate for that data type
Abnormal data – data outside the range/of the wrong data type
Extreme data – data on the boundaries of the range
Live data – data that has been used in the previous/existing system [3]

(c)
Interview users about the current system
Design the new system
Compare the solution with the original task requirements
Decide on the method of implementation
Identify any limitations of the system
Identify any necessary improvements to the system [3]
16 Six from:
Internet is not policed so information is not necessarily reliable

Anybody can have a website so information is not necessarily reliable
Anybody can publish their understanding of a topic so information is not necessarily reliable
If site has excessive advertising it could be unreliable
If the advertising is related only to its own products it could be unreliable
The final part of a URL can help to identify reliability…
… .ac, .gov, .org are usually fairly reliable
Can compare information from sites to see if it is reliable
If site is endorsed by reliable/reputable people/organisations it can be accepted as being reliable
If it has links to other reliable sites it is usually reliable
If it has testimonials it is likely to be reliable
If the author’s credentials are good it is likely to be reliable
If information is comparable to information from reliable/authenticated/text books it is likely to be
reliable
If the date of the last update was a long time ago it is likely to be unreliable [6]
17 Four from:
Easy to keep in immediate contact with friends/make new friends

Easy to communicate to more than one friend/to communicate with people overseas
Can search for people who you’ve fallen out of touch with
Easy to arrange meetings/visits to cinemas/theatre
Can share photographs/videos/images/opinions/views [4]

1 A Pen drive (1) B Chip reader (1)

C Remote control (1) D Graphics tablet (1) [4]
2 CD RW hard disc hub
PIN plotter switch [2]
3
User Technical
frequently asked questions (1)
program coding (1)
system flowcharts (1)
trouble-shooting guide (1)
4 (a) The most suitable storage medium for storing data

on a network server is a magnetic hard disc [1]
(b) lists of illnesses and their symptoms are stored in a knowledge base [1]
(c) An optical disc which cannot have data updated is a CD ROM [1]
(d) Photos are output using an inkjet printer [1]
5 Desktop publishing software keeping a record of phone numbers
Measuring program matching illnesses to symptoms
Presentation software producing a multimedia slideshow
Inference engine monitoring the weather
Database producing a magazine [5]

6
Instructions must be typed to get a computer to carry out an action
Icons represent programs
It is more important that users understand how a computer works
Menus are offered to help choose an action [4]
7 Four matched pairs from:
INSTRUCTION MEANING
FORWARD n Move n forward
BACKWARD n Move n backward
PENUP Lift the pen
PENDOWN Lower the pen
1 for instruction
1 for meaning [8]
8 (a)
Humidity
Temperature
Pressure
Wind speed
Light
Wind direction [3]
(b) Measurement is the monitoring of physical variables without the microprocessor taking action
[1]
Control is when the microprocessor takes action depending on sensor readings [1]

(c) Four from:
Computer (readings) are more accurate than students

Students might forget to take readings/readings can be taken at regular intervals
Computer takes more reliable readings
Readings can be taken/control can be carried out more frequently
Readings can be taken/control can be carried out any time of day or night
Computers can respond to changes immediately/quicker than students
Students might be unavailable to take readings during school holidays/computers can work
continuously/without taking a break [4]
9 (a) C5 [1]
(b) Any cell from e2:e6 [1]
(c) 6 [1]
(d) =b2-c2 [1]
(e) Two from:
Highlight D2 and click copy

Highlight D3:D6 and click paste
OR
Highlight D2 and manoeuvre to bottom right hand corner of D2
Using fill handle/little black square/cross drag down to D6
OR
Highlight D2:D6
Click on fill then down [2]
(f) Two from:
Simulations
Mathematical models
Scientific models
Civil engineering models [2]
(g)
The real thing may need to large a timescale
Computer models waste a lot of raw materials
The real thing is quicker to build
If a computer model fails it doesn’t need rebuilding
Once a computer model is built it doesn’t cost a lot to run
A model doesn’t cost anything to make [3]

10 (a) Two from:
Only one printer is needed

Only one scanner is needed
Data can be shared between computers/data can be accessed by one computer
from another more easily
Software can be shared/updated more easily
All computers can access the internet through one connection [2]
(b) Router/modem [1]
(c) Advantages – two from:

Can communicate with other companies by email
Can use the internet to place orders
Can use the internet to buy materials
Can hold video conferences
Can create own website to publicise company
Disadvantages – two from:

Workers may access undesirable sites
Workers may waste time playing games/going on social network sites/updating their blog/
online shopping/banking
Viruses/malware could be downloaded
Could make the company susceptible to hackers [4]
11 (a) Three from:
Authentication techniques such as user names and passwords identify the user to the
system
Without authentication anybody would be able to access data
Hackers would be able to amend/delete data without being prevented
Would have to rely on other methods such as firewalls to prevent unauthorised access. [3]
(b) Three from:
Causes data to be scrambled/encoded

Requires an encryption key/software to encrypt
Requires a decryption key/encryption software to decrypt
Results in data which is not understandable/readable
Protects sensitive data…
… from being understood if it falls in to the wrong hands [3]

12 Spyware
Two from:
Software that gathers data from computers without the user realising
It monitors and records all key presses
It sends this information back to the hacker who sent it out
Spam
Two from:
Electronic junk mail/sending of unsolicited emails
Sent to everybody on a mailing list/many emails sent at once
Can slow down networks
Can fill up the receiver’s mail box and therefore hard disk
Social networking site

Two from:
Online communities of like minded users
Enables users to share photos
Enables users to communicate with each other
Enables users to organise meetings
Allows users to set up profiles [6]
13 (a)
Race_ID Text
Race_length integer
Name Text
position integer [7]
(b) Format/Picture [1]

Checks the data is of the format beginning with a letter and ending in three digits and is only
four characters long. [1]
(c) Five from:
Appropriate spacing for each field

Buttons to go forward/backwards
Screen filled/not too much white space
Drop down lists to choose an option (such as race length)
Button to save data/submit/accept
Clearly defined input area for each field
Tick boxes/radio buttons to enter choices
An easy to read font/font size
A sensible font colour/background colour
Easy to follow instructions for completing screen/help icon
No overlapping of items [5]

14 (a) Two from:
Smart phone
Laptop with internet access
Tablet computer [2]
(b) Six from:
Advantages:
Fewer bank tellers so less paid out in wages
Have access to a wider customer base
Fewer branch offices needed – less spent on rates/rent/utilities
Disadvantages
Loss of customers/more difficult to sell other services due to lack of personal touch
Must have at least one of each to gain full marks [6]
15 Four from:
No embarrassment of not having sufficient funds

Less time spent queuing
Can get money any time of day or night
Own bank may be further to travel to than nearest ATM
Can use most ATMs/does not have to be own bank
Have choice of languages so is easier to understand/be understood [4]
16 Four from:
You get immediate feedback

You know you have the right person/don’t have to worry that you’ve got the wrong email address
You can ask questions immediately based on feedback/carry out an interactive conversation
Less impersonal/less risk of upsetting recipient
Can make yourself understood more easily
You can see the other person’s reaction [4]

1 A CRT Monitor [1]

B TFT monitor [1]
C graph plotter [1]
D multimedia projector [1]
2 DVD RAM laser printer magnetic disc
number pad speakers trackerball [2]
True False
Presentation software is used to create slide shows. [1]
All laptop computers have touch screens. [1]
Spreadsheet software can be used to produce databases. [1]
An Internet browser is used by web designers to test web pages. [1]
Motors are input devices. [1]
4 (a) Double data entry is a form of verification. [1]
(b) A temperature sensor is used to input data in a computer-controlled greenhouse. [1]
(c) DTP software is used to create magazines. [1]
(d) A length check is a validation rule. [1]
(e) A graphics tablet is used to input freehand drawings to a computer. [1]
5 Three from:
Temperature
Blood pressure
Glucose level
Rate of respiration
Level of oxygen in the patient’s blood [3]

6 Fixed hard disc To transfer files from one computer to another [1]
DVD ROM Batch processing applications [1]
Pen drive To store operating systems [1]
Magnetic tape Publishers distributing encyclopaedias [1]
7 PENDOWN BACKWARD 110
LEFT 90 PENDOWN
REPEAT 5 REPEAT 8
RIGHT 72 RIGHT 45
ENDREPEAT ENDREPEAT
PENUP [8]
Chip reader
Bank/credit card account information/supermarket code
Bar code reader

Information from a product label/product identity number
Electronic scales
Weight of an item
Touch screen
Identification of product
Number pad
Bar code number when bar code reader cannot read bar code/the number of items
Magnetic stripe reader

Information about the customer [8]

True False
Using a password always prevents unauthorised access to data
A strong password is one that is difficult for a hacker to guess
Giving your password to a friend is a good idea in case you forget it.
If you forget your user id you can still gain access to data using your

password.
[4]
10 (a) Four from:
Data/cheques are collected together

during the course of the day
Data/cheques are then processed all at once
Data/cheques are processed overnight
Dank accounts updated following morning
No human intervention [4]
(b) Three from:
It might lead to double booking

Customer would not be sure booking has been successful
Would take a long time to receive confirmation/ticket
Processing would take a long time…
… would cost company money [3]

11

More technical staff have been employed
Car workers can have more breaks
Car workers have to lift all the heavy parts
Car workers get paid less
Car workers have been made unemployed
Car workers have had to be retrained
Work areas are dirtier
There are fewer manual tasks to do [4]
12 (a) Three from:
Either
It looks through (the cells) A2 to B12 in Sheet 1
Compares with the contents of C8/RUS (in Sheet 2)
Or
It reads the contents of C8/RUS (in Sheet 2)
Compares with the contents of A2:B12 in Sheet 1
until it finds the first matching value

It records the corresponding value from column 2 of the range A2:B12 in Sheet 1
C8 (in Sheet 2) contains RUS
Produces /records Russia [3]
(b) America [1]
(c) Four from:
It reads the contents of D8 (female)

Sees if it is male
It isn’t, so it ignores the next condition
It reads the contents of E8 – 22.01
Sees if it is greater than the contents of $D$4 – 20.70
It is, so it sets produces/records “yes” [4]
(d) No [1]

(e) Three from:
Some situations are/real thing might be dangerous/ model is less dangerous

Easier to change/modify
It may take a long time to obtain results from the real thing
13 (a)
Hard_disc_size Integer [1]
Separate_Number_pad Boolean [1]
Cost Currency [2]
Type_of_Computer Boolean [2]
(b) Five from:
Direct changeover – new system replaces existing system immediately/overnight

Parallel running – new system runs alongside/together with existing system
Parallel running – there is always the old system to fall back on in the event of the new
system failing/information is not lost/always a second copy/Direct changeover – if things
go wrong lose all data/old system is not available
Direct changeover – benefits are immediately available
Parallel running is more expensive to implement than direct changeover....
....more expensive as two sets of workers have to be employed
Direct changeover – less likelihood of errors as system will have been fully tested
Direct changeover is a quicker method of implementation than parallel running
Direct changeover – training is more difficult to organise
Parallel running – training can be gradual [5]
14 Three from:
A CLI only allows you to type in commands

With CLI syntax has to be precise
Commands difficult to edit once entered
Have to learn a lot of commands exactly/have to be familiar with the commands [3]

15 Two matched pairs from:
Companies selling their software/games

Cheap method of production/quick to access data
Making personal backups/transferring data (from one computer to another)

Cheap to buy/quicker to retrieve data/expensive to buy tape drives
Downloading/Copying media such as films/music

Faster/Easier to access individual scenes/tracks/ better or higher quality [4]
16 Normal data – data within a (given) range/appropriate for that data type [1]
Example – any wage between $100 and $500 [1]
Abnormal data – data outside the range/of the wrong data type [1]
Example – any wage less than $100 or greater than $500 or text example [1]
Extreme data – data on the boundaries of the range [1]

Example – $100 or $500 [1]
17 Four from:
Biometric methods – unique so only authorized users will have access

Encryption makes it difficult for unauthorised users to read data
Firewall – makes it difficult for unauthorised computers to access the system
Disconnect records computer from network – limit access physically
Access levels – only users with appropriate permissions can access data [4]
18 Six from:
Blog is public/anyone can see it

Blog is online diary/personal opinions
Viewers can only add comments on blogs/authors can reply to comments
Only author can edit blog
Social networking sites might only be available to friends of user
Social networking site enable users to send messages to small group of ‘friends’ to arrange
meetings
Friends can respond more quickly to messages within the group to confirm availability
Easier to share photographs with others
Social networking sites can lead to seclusion from society
Social networking sites can lead to cyber bullying [6]

1 A touch screen [1]

B scanner [1]
C video camera [1]
D sensor [1]
2
buzzer DVD R joystick [1]
3
True False
A numeric keypad is used to type a letter
Word processing software is used to monitor physical variables
A laser printer works best in an industrial environment
A palmtop computer is easier to carry than a laptop computer
Sensors are used to input data to a microprocessor

[5]
4

Hub
Printer
Bridge
Router
Scanner
Passwords
Monitor
Switch
[4]

5
Measurement
Control
only
Automatic cookers
Weather stations
Microwave ovens
Automatic washing machines
[4]
6
PEN DOWN PENDOWN
FORWARD 40 REPEAT 6
RIGHT 90 FORWARD 80
FORWARD 70 RIGHT 60
PENUP END REPEAT
FORWARD 50
1 mark for each correct statement
[8]
7 (i) A CD ROM is used to store music for sale
(ii) A blu-ray disc is used to store high definition films
(iii) A magnetic tape is used to store backups of file servers
(iv) A flash memory card is used to store photographs in a digital camera [4]
8 Four from:
Read only memory

Can be read from but not written to/can’t be changed/edited
Used to store BIOS/start up programs for computer
Used to store software that must not change e.g. games
Non-volatile/permanent (memory) [4]

9 Three from:
Car production is more consistent/robots produce the same standard every time
Cost – once bought they do not have to be paid/fewer employees so lower costs/don’t have to
pay robots wages/lower running costs
No industrial disputes
Greater productivity
Greater accuracy/robots are more accurate
Can work in hazardous/extreme conditions/can lift heavier loads
Robots don’t take breaks/can work 24 hours a day 7 days a week/can work continuously [3]
10 (a)

Graph plotter
Inference engine
Interactive input screen
Knowledge base
Rules base
Scanner
Spreadsheet
Web cam
[4]
(b) Two from:
Medical diagnosis
Prospecting
Tax
Careers
Chess games
Animal/plant classification/identification [2]
11 Three from
Don’t have to type in commands/just use mouse to select options

Easier to change/edit action
Don’t have to learn/be familiar with a lot of commands
Easier to open/load programs [3]

12 (a) Three from:
Observing the users using the current system

Questionnaires are distributed to users asking questions about the current system
Interviewing the users about the current system
Examining documents from the current system [3]
(b) Visual verification/checking [1]

Read through data on screen and compare with source document [1]
Double data entry [1]

One from:
Data is typed in twice by one typist

Data is typed in by two operators
Computer compares versions [1]
(c) Three from:
Source document may contain errors

Verification only checks that data is copied correctly
Verification does not check if data is reasonable/sensible
A correct explanation of an example of one validation check [3]
13 (a) Three from:
A piece of programming code/software/program/script

It replicates itself
Attaches itself to files
Corrupts/deletes files/data
Can corrupt or erase the contents of the hard disk
Can completely fill the hard disk/memory making it unusable/slows down operations
Makes software/operating system unusable
One mark is available for an accurate description of method of transmission [3]
(b) Three from:
Regularly update antivirus/use/install antivirus

Only use storage media from known sources
Only accept software/download software from known/trusted websites
Only visit trusted websites
Only open attachments from known sources/people you know [3]

14 (a) Three from:
Either
Compares with ’E’/the contents of B2 (in Sheet 2)
Or
It reads the contents of B2 (in Sheet 2)

B2 (in Sheet 2) contains E
Produces /records Edinburgh [3]
(b) London [1]
(c) Three from:
It looks through (the contents of) C9 to C18….

… to see if they contain the code E/contents of B2
Cell B2 contains the code E
Produces/records the answer 2 [3]
(d) 1 [1]
(e) Three from:
It reads the contents of B9 (0) and checks if it is greater than 0…

…if it is it records Y
If it is not greater than 0 it records N
In this case it produces/records N [3]
(f) N [1]

15 (a)
Model Text [1]
Camera Boolean [1], [1]
Free texts Integer [1], [1]
Monthly payment Currency [1]
(b) Three matched pairs from:
Range check on Monthly payment

No less than $10, no more than $100
(Invalid) character/type check on ‘Free texts’ field

Only digits allowed
Presence check on any field

To make sure data has been entered in that field
Consistency check on Monthly payment field and Free texts field

To make sure that number of free texts corresponds to the monthly payment [6]
16 Three from:
Limited area of network

Strength of signal is weaker
Easier to hack into/less secure
Physical obstacles can interfere with signal/can cause disconnection [3]
17 Four from:
Internet is network of networks/intranet doesn’t have to be a network of networks

Internet is global
Intranet is within one organisation
Intranet is private/Internet is public
Intranets tend to be policed/managed
Intranet has an extra layer of security
Data found in an intranet is likely to be more reliable/relevant than that found on the Internet
Internet has more information than an intranet [4]

18 Six from:
Electronic Funds Transfer at Point of Sale

Enables payment for goods at a checkout using credit/debit cards
Goods are purchased and bill is calculated
Customer inserts card into chip reader
Card is checked for validity/reported stolen
PIN is entered
PIN is compared with that stored on the chip
If PIN is OK/verified transaction is authorised
If not, customer is asked to re-enter PIN
Supermarket computer contacts customer’s bank
Checks if sufficient funds
If sufficient funds, transaction is completed/if not, transaction is rejected
Amount deducted from customer’s bank account
Amount credited to supermarket’s bank account
The supermarket EFTPOS terminal produces a receipt [6]

1 A mainframe computer [1]

B laptop computer [1]
C personal digital assistant [1]
D desktop computer [1]
2 buzzer DVD R fixed hard disc [1]
joystick plotter touch pad [1]
3
True False
Database software is the best software to use to write letters.
DTP software is used to create models.
Palmtop computers are bigger than PCs.
Graph plotters are used to output car designs.
A dot matrix printer is used to print magazines.

[5]
4 Two matched pairs from:
Range check
Check no less than 0 and no more than 100
(Invalid) character check/Type check

Must be digits only
Presence check
Mark must be entered [4]
5
RAM ROM
This memory can only be read from not written to
This memory is not volatile
This memory is used to store the data the user is currently working on
This memory is used to store the startup instructions of a computer

[4]

6 To input details from a bank card Joystick
To input data from a school register Chip reader
To input details of a product in a supermarket Optical mark reader
To control an object in a computer game Bar code reader

[4]
INSTRUCTION MEANING
PENUP Lift the pen
1 for instruction
1 for meaning [8]
8 Two from:
Optical Character Recognition/Reader

Text is read by scanner
Image compared with characters stored in computer
Converted to text for use with other software [2]
Utility bills/word processors/ANPR/identity cards [1]
9 (a)

Hyperlinks
Colour
Large font size
Photos
Sound
Video
[3]

(b) Three from:
Saves school cost of printing copies

Can include colour at no extra cost
Can include animated text effects
Saves cost of delivery
Audience not limited to parents of school children [3]
10 Four from:
Weblog
Usually one author
Personal opinions on a number of topics/personal thoughts
Can be an electronic diary
Others can comment
Only author can edit entries [4]
11 Five from:
Data is read by sensors/downloaded from onboard computer/entered using keyboard/touch

screen/answers to questions are typed in
Uses interactive interface/Asks questions...
........based on previous responses
Expert system analyses data
Inference engine compares data
Compares data with that held in the knowledge base.......
........ using rules base
Matches are found
System suggests possible faults/solutions [5]
12 (a) Two from
Keypad to input required temperature

Sensor to input current temperature of the room [2]
(b) Four from:
Microprocessor stores required temperature as preset value

Compares temperature from sensor to pre-set temperature
If temperature is lower than preset value microprocessor sends a signal to turn heater on
If higher than preset value microprocessor sends a signal (to the actuator) to turn heater off
If values are equal microprocessor does nothing
Wait set period of time before looping [4]

13 (a)
Name Text
Gender Boolean [1, 1]
Species Text [1]
Weight (kg) Numeric [1]
Adoption cost Currency [1]
(b) Technical [1]
Two from:
Program listing
Programming language
Flowchart/algorithm
List of variables
File structure
Known bugs/possible errors
Validation rules
Limitations of the system [2]
User [1]
Two from:
How to load software/install/run software

How to save a file
How to search
How to sort
How to print
How to add records
Purpose of the system/program (only if not mentioned in technical documentation)
Input format or example (only if not mentioned in technical documentation)
Output format or example (only if not mentioned in technical documentation)
Hardware requirements (only if not mentioned in technical documentation)
Software requirements (only if not mentioned in technical documentation)
Sample runs (only if not mentioned in technical documentation)
Error messages (only if not mentioned in technical documentation)
Error handling
Tutorials
Troubleshooting guide/Contact details/help line/FAQ [2]

Easy to carry/are portable

Usually have mobile phone in your possession
Can access Internet almost anywhere
Can access Internet on the move [2]
Easily lost
May have poorer signal
Display is smaller/keyboard is smaller
Content is more limited
Can be slower to access Internet
Batteries might run out
No mouse so can be more difficult to navigate [2]
15 (a) Three from:
Either
Compares with ’USA’/the contents of C3 (in Sheet 2)
Or
It reads the contents of C3 (in Sheet 2)

C3 (in Sheet 2) contains USA
Produces /records America [3]
(b) Thailand [1]
(c) Two from:
It totals the contents

Of cells D3 to F3 [2]
(d) Three from:
It looks through the contents of D4 to F4…

…to see if they are not equal to NT
It counts the number of cells that are not
Produces/records 2 [3]
(e) 3 [1]

(f) Three from:
Creating a model of a real system (such as a cockpit)…

…in order to study the behaviour of the system/pilot reactions
Is able to predict/react to the behaviour of the system or pilot
The cockpit simulation has all the controls normally found in an actual cockpit
Creating models of situations that pilots might meet in real life/Creates whatif scenarios [3]
16 (a) Three from:
Can act as a web server

Can act as a buffer (between Internet and LAN)
Server passes on requests to the Internet
Passes the requested web pages to individual computers
Can cache/store the webpages
Subsequent requests for that/those web page(s) are responded to more quickly
Can be used to monitor Internet usage
Can block certain sites [3]
(b) Three from:
Connects a LAN to a WAN

Connects a LAN to the Internet
Forward data packets to the individual computers on a network
Hold the addresses of each computer on the network [3]
17 (a) Two from:
Lawful protection....
......given to authors/software companies and publishers
Relates to the software the author/publisher/company created/published
Prohibits purchaser from making unlimited copies/lend it to others/change the software/sell it
without the company’s permission [2]
(b) Two from:
Encryption of the execution code requires a key to run

Use of a dongle
Registration system requiring the typing in of a registration code
“Guards” are hardware or software modules that monitor the running program and
ensure that it has not been tampered with in any way
Activation code which can be used only on a limited number of machines [2]

18 Seven from:
Car production is more consistent/robots produce the same standard every time
Cost – once bought they do not have to be paid/fewer employees so lower costs/don’t have to
pay robots wages/lower running costs
No industrial disputes
Greater accuracy/robots are more accurate
Can work in hazardous/extreme conditions/can lift heavier loads
Robots don’t take breaks/can work 24 hours a day 7 days a week/can work continuously
Robots have to be reprogrammed when there is a small change/can’t think for themselves
Robots need programming in order to be adaptable
Expensive start up costs – redundancy payments
Expensive start up costs – have to spend money on training workers to use robots
Expensive start up costs – buying of robots/programming of robots
Computer crash would halt production
Maintenance/repair costs can be expensive [7]

1 A Numeric keypad B Chip reader

C Remote control D Trackerball [4]
2 Bridge DVD R Light pen [1]
Magnetic tape Printer Switch [1]
TRUE FALSE
Withdrawing money from an ATM is an example of batch processing [1]
The processing of bank cheques is an example of batch processing [1]
Booking a theatre ticket is an example of online processing [1]
Producing utility bills is an example of online processing [1]
4 (a) The most suitable storage medium for storing data on a bank card is a chip [1]
(b) The tool which searches for matches in a knowledge base an inference engine [1]
(c) An optical disc which can have data updated is a DVD RW [1]
(d) Multi part stationery is used with a dot matrix printer [1]
5 Bar code reader To enter hard copy images into a computer [1]
Microphone creating a piece of text [1]
Scanner selecting items from a menu [1]
Keyboard inputting data from a food item at a POS [1]
Mouse creating a voice over for a presentation [1]

6 (a) Two from:
Less likely to lose it

May have stronger signal
Display is larger/keyboard is larger
Content is not as limited
Can be faster to access internet
No problem with batteries running out
Has a mouse so is easier to navigate/use [2]
(b) Two from:
Don’t always have access to PC/there may be a power cut

Difficult to carry/not very portable/mobile phone is portable/Cannot access internet except in
the house
You have to buy extra hardware/router [2]
Internet Intranet
is a network of computer networks [1]
exists usually within one organisation [1]
anybody can access it [1]
can be expanded to become an extranet [1]
Spam Pharming
is the sending of several emails at once [1]
requires malicious code to be downloaded [1]
re-directs the user to a fake website [1]
is the sending of unsolicited messages [1]

9 Four instructions and four paired meanings from:
INSTRUCTION MEANING
PENUP Lift the pen
REPEAT n Repeat the following instructions n times
END REPEAT Finish the REPEAT loop
1 for instruction and 1 for meaning [8]
10
True False
A file is a collection of related records [1]
A field is one item of data such as name or address [1]
The same value can occur several times within a key field [1]
A record is the complete data about one student [1]

11 (a) Four from:
Sensors are used to monitor patient’s vital signs

…such as temperature, blood pressure, pulse, sugar levels (2 required for mark)
Sensors send data/signals back to computer
ADC converts analogue signals from sensors…
…to digital so that computer can understand/read the data
Graphs are output
Inputs are compared to acceptable range of values
If higher/lower warning signal is triggered [4]
11 (b) Four from:
Readings can be taken more frequently

Nurses can get tired and forget to take readings/nurses are so busy they might not be able to
take readings regularly
Computer readings are more accurate/human errors are reduced
More than one variable can be measured at any one time
Results can be analysed automatically/Charts are produced automatically
Automatic warnings can be generated/faster to react
Nurses are free to do other tasks
Reduces chances of nurses being exposed to contagious diseases
Reduced cost of wage bill/fewer nurses will be needed [4]
12 (a) E5 [1]
(b) Any of A1:B6, C1:G1, B8, E8 [1]
(c) 7 [1]
(d) = C2*F2 or = C2* (E2–D2) [1]
(e) 1 mark per point
Highlight F2 and click copy

Highlight F3:F6 and click paste
OR
Highlight F2 and manoeuvre to bottom right hand corner of F2

Using fill handle/little black square/cross drag down to F6/double click on fill handle/little
black square/cross
OR
Highlight F2:F6
Click on fill then down [2]

12 (f) Three from:
Real thing may be too expensive to build/cost of rebuilding/repairing is expensive

Real thing requires too large a time scale/it may take a long time to obtain results from the
real thing
Real thing would be too wasteful of materials
Real thing is too vast a scale
Easier to modify/change date/variables
Real thing may be too dangerous
You can ask many what if questions which would be impractical in real life [3]
13 Four from:
With a CLI Instructions must be typed to get a computer to carry out an action
With a GUI you just click on an icon
With a GUI icons represent applications
With a CLI you have to remember the exact path and name of application
With a CLI it is more important that users understand how a computer works
With a GUI menus are offered to help choose an action
With CLI have to learn/understand commands [4]
14 (a)
Field name Validation Check
Character check/range check/length

Reference_number [1]
check/check digit
Year Range check/Character check [1]
First_name None [1]
Family_name None [1]
Sibling Yes or No [1, 1]

(b) Five from:
Verification is checking that data has been entered/copied correctly

Usually achieved by double data entry…
…or visual check
Validation is checking that data entered is reasonable/sensible
One mark is available for a correct explanation of an example of one validation check
Must have both because:

Data might be sensible but has not been transcribed/transferred accurately
Data might have been transcribed/transferred accurately but may not be sensible [5]
15 (a) Two from:
Browser to access bank’s website [1]

ISP to have access to internet [1]
(b) Six from:
Advantages
Don’t have to waste time travelling (long distances) to banks
Don’t have to spend money on travelling expenses travelling (long distances) to banks
No embarrassment of having to ask for loans face to face
Can bank when banks are closed
Can use it anywhere if there’s an internet connection
Disadvantages
May not like the lack of personal touch
There may be less opportunity for socialising with friends/neighbours
Possibly more expensive phone bills
Hackers can access personal details and transfer money to their account
You have to have Internet access
Unable to withdraw cash
One mark is available for a reasoned conclusion

Maximum four advantages or disadvantages [6]
16 Four from:
Can be a website/software
Users can create/add content/pages
Users can modify content/pages
Users can delete content/pages
Using a web browser
Using a simplified mark-up language/a rich-text editor
Are often created collaboratively by multiple users
Examples include community websites, corporate intranets, knowledge management systems [4]

17 Three from:
Electrocution – RCB installed/don’t allow liquids near computers/make sure cables are insulated
Fire – CO2 extinguisher/don’t overload sockets
Tripping – create ducts/cover cables with carpets etc. [3]
18 Five from:
Microprocessor controlled devices do much of housework

Do not need to do many things manually
Do not need to be in the house when food is cooking
Do not need to be in the house when clothes are being washed
Can leave their home to go shopping/work at any time of the day
Greater social interaction/more family time
More time to go out/more leisure time/more time to do other things/work
Are able to do other leisure activities when convenient to them
Can lead to unhealthy eating due to dependency on ready meals
Can lead to laziness/lack of fitness
Can encourage a healthy lifestyle because of smart fridges analysing food constituents
Microprocessor controlled burglar alarm provides a sense of security
Do not have to leave home to get fit
Manual household skills are lost/deskilling regarding household tasks [5]
19 Five from:

Requires a decryption key/encryption software to decrypt
Benefits:
…from being understood if it falls in to the wrong hands
Only user/computer with key can understand data
Drawbacks
Data can still be deleted from system
Criminals can use encryption to keep incriminating material secure [5]

1 A magnetic tape B flash memory card

C blu-ray disc D hard disc [4]
2 disc drive laser printer light pen [1]
Microphone TFT monitor web cam [1]
hardware software
virus checker [1]
keyboard [1]
chip [1]
mobile phone [1]
4 An inkjet printer is used to print high quality photographs [1]
A graphics tablet is used to input freehand drawings [1]
A keypad is used to input preset values into control systems [1]
A multimedia projector is used to show slides [1]
A joystick is used to control a flight simulator [1]

User ID and one of password/PIN/Memorable data
Password/PIN/Memorable data has to be entered before access is gained/Password/PIN can be

changed frequently to avoid hackers guessing them/Unsuccessful logins can throw you out of the
system
Magnetic stripe/smart card/electronic key/bar code system/ID card
Has to be read before access is gained/Prevents people without cards accessing system
Biometric data
Fingerprint/retina/iris/face/voice recognition used as input/Biometric data is difficult to replicate/is

used because it is unique/compared with those stored on the system
Firewall
Only allows known computers to access network/prevents unknown computers accessing

network [6]
6 Three from:
Allows users to keep in contact/communication/connect with friends

Allows user to send messages to more than one friend/to people overseas
Can search for people who you’ve fallen out of touch with/people with similar interests
Can arrange meetings/events/visits to cinemas/theatre with whole group
Can show photographs to whole group/share photographs/music/videos
Can create and share personal profile
You can follow actions/thoughts of others
Can write comments on other’s posts
Can have privacy controls
Can lead to cyber bullying [3]
7 PEN DOWN FORWARD 70

FORWARD 80 REPEAT 6
RIGHT 90 FORWARD 30
PENUP RIGHT 60
FORWARD 60 ENDREPEAT
PENDOWN
8 (a) Direct [1]
(b) Chip reader/magnetic stripe reader/bar code reader/OCR/RFID [1]

(c) Two from:
More accurate/fewer mistakes

Faster data entry [2]
(d) Three from:
The borrower’s file and book data files would be saved as separate tables
Primary key/key field(s)/foreign key would be identified
One mark is available for an appropriate example of the field which would be set to primary
key
This would be used to link the tables together [3]
9 Five from:
Video conferencing is a method of visual and audio communication between people at separate
locations
Webcams/small video cameras are used to input faces of participants
Large monitor/projector to output faces of participants
Microphones are used to input voices of participants
Speakers are used to output voices of participants
Router/broadband modem used to connect to internet
Video conferencing software needed to link participants
Employees are connected on-line/may need to access the Internet/WAN to work
Images of the employees appear on the screen in real time
Software is needed in each computer to operate the conference
Employees can be heard by all the other employees in the conference
You can take part wherever you are [5]
10

Back ache from bad posture
Electrocution from touching bare wires [1]
Fire from overloading electric sockets [1]
Headaches from staring at the screen continuously
Injury caused by tripping over trailing wires [1]
RSI in the fingers

11 (a) Two from:
Humidity
Moisture
Light
pH [2]
(b) Sensors send analogue data to computer [1]

(c) The preset value is the (required) value input by the user/already stored in the computer [1]
Three from:
temperature is compared with preset value

if lower than preset value computer switches on heater
if lower than preset value computer shuts windows
if higher than preset value computer switches heater off
if higher than preset value computer switches fan on
if higher than preset value computer opens window [3]
12 (a) Two from:
Bar code reader

Key/number pad
Weighing scales
Touch screen
RFID reader
Magnetic Stripe reader
Chip and PIN reader [2]
(b) Four from:
The stock file is searched

Until a match is found with the entered bar code number/product id number
The number in stock of the matching record is read
One is subtracted from the number in stock
The number in stock is compared with the re-order number
If it is equal to the re-order number
More goods are automatically re-ordered
The new value of number in stock is written back to the file [4]
13 (a) Three from:
Observation
Interview
Questionnaire
Examining documents [3]

(b)
First_name Text [1]
Family_name/second_name Text [1]
Phone number Text [1]
Worker_ID Text [1]
Wage currency [1], [1]
(c) Three matched pairs from:
A letter followed by five digits

This should be accepted by system
Two letters followed by four digits

This would be rejected by format check
Six digits
Six letters
Fewer or greater than 6 characters

This would be rejected by a length check
(1 mark for item, 1 mark for reason) [6]
14 (a) Two from:
A copy of file(s)
On an alternative medium
In case anything happens to original
Usually removed from the location of the computer [2]

(b) Six from:
Magnetic tape is less expensive per unit volume of memory

Tape is slower to access data than magnetic disc
Tape requires a special drive…
…but these often come as standard with file servers
Tapes are easier to store
Tapes are easier to remove from premises if needed
One mark is available for a reasoned conclusion [6]
15 Four from:
phishing is done by email

can invite you to go to a website/respond to an email
pharming is done by installing malicious code on a PC or server
redirects a genuine website’s traffic to the fraudulent website [4]
16 Five from:
Advantages
Safer environment
Don’t need to lift heavy loads/Fewer manual tasks to do
Cleaner/healthier working environment
Can lead to retraining to improve skills
More technical jobs available
Disadvantages
Can lead to unemployment
Deskilling can occur
17 Seven from:
Danger of accessing inappropriate websites

Internet tends to be up date
Speed of search only if referring to use of search engine
Can access biased/inaccurate websites
Lack of expertise leads to inefficient searching

1 A microphone B speakers [1], [1]

C dot matrix printer D joystick [1], [1]
2 hub CD ROM graph plotter [1]
magnetic disc router trackerball [1]
3
True False
A network card is an example of hardware. [1]
A light sensor is an example of software. [1]
Icons are part of a Graphical User Interface. [1]
A magnetic tape has a greater storage capacity than a CD. [1]
Laser printers are quieter than a dot matrix printer. [1]
4 Remote control to input data at a POS [1]
Electronic scales playing a video game [1]
Joystick Inputting text so it can be processed by a software package

[1]
Optical Character Reader an input device in a burglar alarm system [1]
Sound sensor to operate a multimedia projector [1]
5
True False
A magnetic tape has faster data access than a DVD ROM. [1]
A CD is used to store a two hour high definition movie. [1]
A magnetic disc is used for online processing. [1]
Pen drives are used to copy data from one computer to another. [1]

PEN DOWN ENDREPEAT
LEFT 90 PENUP
REPEAT 2 PENDOWN
RIGHT 90 FORWARD 70
FORWARD 50
7 (a)
Companies do not have to buy any equipment
Companies can arrange the meeting for any time of day
It is safer as employees do not have to travel [1]
Companies do not have to pay hotel expenses [1]
Employees don’t have to carry so many documents with them [1]
Employees are paid less
(b)
Video conferences can only last a short time
Employees are unable to see who they are talking to
It is difficult to call international meetings because of time differences [1]
There is sometimes a time lag between video and sound [1]
It is difficult to share documents
Legal documents may need to be signed [1]

8
Electrocution from touching bare wires
Fire from overheating of equipment
Fire from overloading of sockets
Neck pain due to bad positioning of the screen [1]
RSI due to continuous typing [1]
Sight problems from staring at the screen continuously [1]
9 (a) Four from:

Illegal accessing of data
Unauthorised access to data/computer system
Usually remotely
Two max.
Deletion of data
Amending/changing of data
Copying and distributing data
Using data for fraudulent purposes
Three max. [4]
(b) Four max from two descriptions:
Allocating User ID and one of password/PIN/Memorable data to network users

Password/PIN/Memorable data has to be entered before access is gained
Password/PIN can be changed frequently to avoid hackers guessing them
Unsuccessful logins can throw you out of the system
Allocating each user a Magnetic stripe/smart card/electronic key/bar code system/ID card
Card/key has to be read before access is gained
Prevents people without cards accessing system
Biometric data has to be used to enter the network

Fingerprint/retina/iris/face/voice recognition used as input
Biometric data is difficult to replicate
Biometric data is used because it is unique
Data is compared with those stored on the system.
Firewall is installed in the network

Only allows known computers to access network/prevents unknown computers
accessing network
Only allows known or trusted programs to communicate across the firewall/with the computer
[4]

10 (a) Three from:

Less danger of mugging
Can shop when shops are closed
Doesn't have to spend time queuing/going around different shops
Can compare prices at different shops more easily
Can look at wide range of shops
Easier to search and find what you’re looking for [3]
(b) Three from:

Lack of socialising/social contacts
Customers must have a computer/Internet access/(basic) computer skills
Deprived of personal touch
Phone bills can increase
Without broadband other family members cannot use the phone
Cannot see/feel goods in reality [3]
11 Five from:
Anybody can set up a website (claiming to be factually accurate) so information is not necessarily
reliable/accurate
Some commercial sites are bound to be biased
Can use the final part of a URL to identify reliability
.ac, .gov, .org are usually fairly reliable
Compare information from reliable sites or reliable/authenticated text books (to see if it is reliable)
See if responsible bodies have endorsed the site
Does it have links to other reliable sites/unreliable sites?
If site has testimonials it is likely to be reliable
If the date of the last update was a long time ago it is likely to be unreliable
If the author’s credentials are good it is likely to be reliable [5]
Direct changeover
New system replaces existing system immediately/overnight
Parallel running
New system runs alongside/together with existing system
Pilot running
system is implemented in one branch/one office (at a time) [6]
13 (a) Three from:

Printer
Monitor
Speaker/buzzer
LCD display [3]
(b) Chip reader/magnetic stripe reader [1]

(c) Seven from:

Details from customer’s card processed
PIN is compared with that stored on the chip
Card is checked for validity/reported stolen
If PIN is OK/verified transaction is authorised
(Bank code allows) shop computer to contact bank’s computer
Account checked for sufficient funds
If insufficient funds/ over the credit limit then transaction/card is rejected/If sufficient funds
then transaction is authorised
Amount deducted from customer’s bank account
Amount credited to shop’s bank account
Itemised receipt printed out
Card might be rejected if:

PIN entered incorrectly
Past its expiry date
Registered as stolen
Physical damage to chip
Unusual spending patterns
Unable to use some cards abroad [7]
14 Four from:
Phishers send an e-mail…
… asking for a customer’s details
appears to be from the bank/says that the bank needs the information
asks the customer for password, card or account number
Three max.
So that they can use these details to log on to bank website

Access account and transfer funds
Two max. [4]
15 (a)
Artist_name text
CD_title text [1]
Price Currency [1], [1]
Date_recorded/Year_recorded Date [1], [1]
Number_of_tracks Integer [1], [1]

(b) Three matched pairs from:
Normal data
One of:
greater than or equal to 20 and less than or equal to 90
Abnormal data
One of:
greater than 90 or less than 20
Extreme data
One of:
90, 20 [6]
(c)
purpose of the system
limitations of the system
program coding [1]
system flowcharts [1]
hardware and software requirements
file structures [1]
list of variables [1]
frequently asked questions
16 Six from:
Batch processing:
data are collected together
during the course of the day
then processed all at once
processed overnight
letters sent to borrowers who are overdue
letters sent to borrowers following morning
no human intervention
Online processing
results in immediate updating of records
book details inputted as soon as book borrowed/returned
records are searched until match is found
recorded as being borrowed/returned [6]

1 A Desktop computer [1]

B Inkjet printer [1]
C Optical disc [1]
D Trackerball [1]
2 Two from:
Motor
Light
Heater
Monitor
Printer
Graph plotter
LED display
LCD display
Buzzer [2]
3 Two from:
Faster data access times
Faster data transfer rate
Stores more data [2]
4
True False
a a
OMR is used to read data from multi choice question [1]

papers. a
[1]
OCR is used to read data from word processed documents. a
[1]
DTP is used to create financial models. a
[1]
Regular use of computers improves your eyesight. a

5
Fewer books can be borrowed.
Libraries can stay open longer.

[1]
More information is more easily available to borrowers.
More people work at the library.
Nobody borrows books any more.

[1]
The librarian is automatically notified when books are late.
6 PENDOWN RIGHT 90* PENUP

LEFT 90 PENUP * FORWARD 15
FORWARD 15 FORWARD 15 RIGHT 90 *
RIGHT 90 PENDOWN PENDOWN*
FORWARD 65 FORWARD 50 FORWARD 65
*Denotes interchangeable statements
1 mark for every pair of instructions [6]
7 (a) =SUM(B3:D3) or =B3+C3+D3 [1]
(b) =MAX(B3:B6) [1]
8 (a) Two from:

Temperature sensor
Number pad
Remote control
Touch screen [2]
(b) Three from:

Microprocessor receives temperature from sensor
Microprocessor compares temperature from sensor to pre-set temperature
If temperature is lower than preset value microprocessor sends a signal to the actuator…
…. to turn heater on
If higher than preset value microprocessor sends a signal to turn heater off [3]

9 (a) (i) Alphanumeric/text [1]
(ii) Boolean/logical [1]
(iii) Numeric/integer [1]
(b) Format/picture/length [1]
10 (a) Three from:

Humidity
Temperature
Pressure
(Sun)light
Rainfall [3]
(b) (i) Sensor measures analogue data

(ii) Analogue to digital converter [1]
(c) Three from:

Computer can take readings during holidays
Computer (readings) are more accurate
Students might forget to take readings/readings can be taken at regular intervals
Readings can be taken any time of day or night
Can produce graphs more quickly/automatically [3]
11 1. Collect information about the existing system.

2. Design a file structure.
3. Develop the new system.
4. Implement the new system.
5. Evaluate the new system.
5 in correct order = 5
Any 4 in the right order = 4 marks
Any 3 in the right order or position = 3 marks
Any 2 in the right order or position = 2 marks
Collect information… first (the rest wrong) or Evaluate the system last (the rest
wrong) = 1
Just having one item in correct position (except collect or evaluate) = 0 [5]

12 (a)
Text
Integers
[1]
Sound
Decimal numbers
[1]
Video
Graphics
(b) Two from:

Microphone
Sound card
Speakers [2]
(c) Two matched pairs from:

Desk Top Publishing
Producing the layout/template of the brochure
Database
List of characters/actors
Spreadsheet
Prices/list of refreshments and costs
Word processing
Type/enter/create/produce the text for the brochure/don’t allow write (up) the information
Image editing software/graphics package

To prepare images for inclusion in brochure [4]
13 (a) Two from:

Switched hub
Has many computers connected to it
Can learn/store addresses of each computer in that part of the network
Can direct data to specific computers/devices [2]

(b) Two from:

Connects network/computers to the internet
Uses IP addresses
Transfers data between networks
Connects LANs/networks together [2]
14 (a) Three from:

Hackers may read the data and pass it on/find out embarrassing details and pass it on
Hackers may delete the data/remove accounts
Hackers may amend the data/change how much money they have in their account
Hackers may create new accounts to defraud the bank
Transfer money from customer’s accounts to hacker’s own account [3]
(b) Three from:

Usernames identify the customer to the system/Passwords – customers can’t access the
system if they don’t know the password/unauthorised users will not know the
password/memorable data – only people who know the memorable data will be able to
access the account
Biometric methods are used because they are unique to each customer so only customer
with specific biometric features can access that account
TAN – only customers with the phone that the TAN has been sent to and know the password
can access the account
Two factor authentication – only people with device, card and PIN can access the account
Magnetic stripe/smart card/Dongle/card with chip – prevents people without

cards/readers/dongle accessing system [3]
15 (a) Two from:

Fewer printers are needed
Fewer scanners are needed
Can access work from any computer
Data can be shared between computers/data can be accessed by one computer from
another more easily
Software can be shared/updated more easily
All computers can access the internet /through one connection [2]
(b) Three from:
Greater risk of hackers

Greater risk of viruses
The significant cost of extra equipment
When the network is down, cannot use network computers/can still use standalones
Print queues can be long [3]

(c) Six from:

Advantages
Laptops can be transported from room to room more easily
Safer – won’t trip over loose cables
Can use laptops outside the classroom if required
Can be used even if there’s a power cut
Disadvantages
Laptops may be more expensive than network PCs.
Display is smaller
Laptops will need recharging periodically
Have to be in range of a network point
One mark available for reasoned conclusion

Must have at least one advantage and disadvantage to gain full marks [6]
16 Six from:
Advantages
Less danger of mugging
Don’t have to waste time travelling/queuing
Don’t have to spend money on travelling to shops
Greater choice of goods
Can shop when shops are closed
Easier to search and find what you are looking for
Comparison websites will find you the cheapest option
Goods may be cheaper as shops have less staff to pay/less premises to rent
Don’t have to pay car parking charges
Don’t have to pay for shopping bags
Vouchers/special deals are often only available online/online discounts
Disadvantages
Lack of socialising/social contacts
Hackers may intercept data and defraud customer
Deprived of personal touch
Cannot see/feel goods in reality
More vulnerable to phishing/pharming
Goods sometimes don’t arrive/substitute goods may be sent/take longer to arrive/may be
delivered to wrong address
Shipping charges
ISP costs/Possible high connection charges
Initial cost of equipment/phone line
Postal costs of returning items
One mark available for reasoned conclusion

Must have at least one advantage and disadvantage to gain full marks [6]

17 (a) Five from:

Current system is observed:
Mechanics/potential users interviewed
Mechanics/potential users given questionnaires
Gather information from manufacturers/about current system/from experts
Existing documents examined
Inputs, outputs and processing of the current system determined
Problems with current system identified
User and information requirements identified
System specification decided
Knowledge base designed
Inference engine designed
Rules base designed
User interface designed
Hardware chosen [5]
(b) Two from:

Medical diagnosis
Mineral prospecting
Tax
Careers
Chess games
Animal/plant classification/identification
Computer fault diagnosis [2]
18 Two problems from:

Headaches
Eyestrain
Backache
Two matching methods from:

Use anti-glare screen (headaches/eyestrain)
Take regular breaks (all)
Use straight backed chair/ergonomic/maintain good posture (backache) [4]
19 (a) Three from:

Normal data
Abnormal data
Extreme data
Live data [3]
(b) Benefit – cheaper as only one set of workers needed [1]

Drawback – have no backup system to fall back on [1]

(c) Four descriptions from:

Pharmacist can save queries about details of medicines
Pharmacist can create reports of stock
Pharmacist can create charts of sales
Pharmacist can sort medicine records
Pharmacist can enter data using Input forms
Pharmacist can derive costs of re-ordering medicines using calculated fields
Description of how two tables could be linked by the pharmacist [4]

1 A Laptop computer [1]

B Laser printer [1]
C Bar code reader [1]
D Graphics tablet [1]
2 Two from:
Touch screen
Microphone
Buttons
Keypad [2]
True False
Viruses can be transmitted by opening e-mail attachments.
MICR is used to read data from bar codes
Hard discs can store more data than Blu-ray discs
Regular use of computers can cause headaches
[4]
4 Two from:
Send an email
Send an SMS/text message
Use instant messaging
Send a fax
Leave a message on voicemail
Make a phone call
Use VOIP
Send an alert on the company intranet/website
Social networking
Video conference [2]
5 Three from:
Sensors take more accurate readings
Possibly less danger to students
Students could lose concentration and forget taking some readings
More readings can be taken in a short period of time
Results can be automatically/more quickly produced
Graphs are automatically produced [3]

6 RIGHT 90
PENDOWN [1]
REPEAT 6 [1]
FORWARD 100 [1]
LEFT 60 [1]
END REPEAT [1]
7 (a) A1/A2/A4/A5/A6/A7/B2/C2/D2/E2 [1]
(b) D5 [1]
(c) 5 [1]
(d) Any cell in range B4:D7 [1]
(e) = C5 – B5 [1]
8 (a) Visual verification [1]

Double data entry [1]
(b) Range: Number_in_Stock [1]

Length: Area_code [1]
Check digit: Serial_number [1]
9
True False
Robots never take breaks.
More workers are employed.
Faster cars are produced.
Standard of the product is more consistent.
Robots never break down.
Robots don’t need paying.
No humans are needed.
Greater productivity. [4]

10 (i) Webcam
(ii) Microphone
(iii) Speaker
(iv) Router [4]
11 (a) Appropriate spacing for each field [1]

Forward/backward buttons/save(submit) – must have at least two navigation aids [1]
Information fills the page AND is clearly a screen form [1]
Title [1]
Author’s name [1]
Four from:
Reference number/ISBN/Publisher/Picture of cover/Dewey number/Genre or
Category/fiction or non-fiction/target age group/picture of author/date [2]
Three from:
Published/revision date/summary of contents/no. of copies/cost price/selling price
Number of pages/hardback or softback [1]
Maximum of five marks
(b) Fixed hard/magnetic disc [1]
Two from:
Fast data access
Stores a lot of data
Cannot be misplaced [2]
(c) Three from:

Firewalls to only allow authorised computers to use the system
User name/id and password will prevent users who do not know the password from accessing
the system
Biometric methods – fingerprints/retina scans are unique
Description of twin factor system [3]
(d) Three from:

Parallel running is running the old and new system together
Direct changeover is stopping the old system and starting the new one immediately
Phased implementation – new system is implemented part by part
Pilot running – system is implemented in one branch/office (at a time) [3]

(e) (i) Two from:

How to save a file
How to search
How to sort
How to print
How to add records
Purpose of the system
Troubleshooting guide/contact details/help line/faqs
Tutorials [2]
(ii) Two from:

Program coding/listing
System flowchart
Program flowchart/algorithm
List of variables
File structure
Purpose of the system (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Input format or example (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Output format or example (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Hardware requirements (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Software requirements (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Sample runs/test runs (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Limitations of the system (only if not mentioned in user documentation)
Known bugs
12 (a) Chip/magnetic stripe/bar code reader [1]
(b) Advantages – Two from:

Unique so students can’t check each other in
Students could forget cards
Students could lose cards
Sets of cards may be expensive to buy
Disadvantages – Two from:

Students will feel personal liberty infringed/parents might object to children’s fingerprints
being taken
Method can be slower than cards
Equipment/set up is more expensive
Time taken to gather all the fingerprints would be very long [4]

13 Five from:
Advantages:
Don’t have to spend money on travelling to shops
Goods may be cheaper as shops have less staff to pay/less premises to rent
Don’t have to pay car parking charges
Don’t have to pay for shopping bags
Vouchers/special deals are often only available online
Comparison websites will find you the cheapest option/can compare prices more easily
Disadvantages:
May have to pay delivery charges
Postal costs of returning items
Initial cost of equipment/phone line
ISP costs/Possible high connection charges
Must have at least one advantage and disadvantage to gain full marks.
14 Four from:
Can encourage a healthy lifestyle because of smart fridges analyzing food constituents
Manual household skills are lost [4]
15 (a) Up to two from:

Save photos to memory card
Insert memory card to computer
Copy photos to a new folder/desktop/hard disc
Connect camera lead to computer
Import/upload photos
Up to two from:
Load word processing package/open document
Insert image from folder/copy and paste/drag and drop
Edit/position the image
If camera is phone-based/web-enabled allow email/SMS for 1 mark
Maximum of three marks [3]

(b) Two from:

Internet
Create own using a painting/drawing package
CD of images
Clipart library [2]
(c) Four from:

Laser is cheaper to buy than a dot matrix
Laser is faster at printing than other two for this task
Laser has a better quality printout than dot matrix
Laser has a larger paper tray than inkjet
Laser doesn’t need to change cartridges as often as an inkjet [4]
16 Three from:
Highlight A4 to C6/highlight A4 to A6 and C4 to C6
Select insert chart
Select type of chart
Label axes
Select legend/no legend
Create a heading/title [3]
17 Five from:
Microprocessor is programmed with pre-set values
Microprocessor starts cycle at specified time
Microprocessor reads data from sensors
Checks contact switch on door is closed
If it isn’t microprocessor will not start the cycle/if it is microprocessor starts cycle
Microprocessor compares sensor readings with pre-set value
If temperature is above pre-set value, microprocessor switches off heater
If temperature is below pre-set value, microprocessor switches on heater
If pressure is greater than preset value, microprocessor sounds alarm
Microprocessor checks pressure reading and calculates the amount of water to use
At start of cycle, microprocessor opens valve to let in water
If water level reached, microprocessor switches off valve
Microprocessor ends cycle at specified time [5]
18 (a) Three from:

Is credit card number valid/exists
Does name entered match that on system
Is expiry/start date valid/matches date stored on system
Does security code/CVV entered match that stored on system
Is there available credit/funds
Checks for unusual spending patterns
Is card blocked/reported stolen/lost [3]

(b) Four from:

Looks up required date of performance
Checks that seats are available
Flags seats as being booked
Stores name of customer with seats booked
Sends email confirmation/text
Prints tickets ready to post or to be collected/sends electronic version of ticket
Deducts number of seats booked from number of seats available/reduces number of seats
available (by one) [4]
19 Six from:
Mobile phones/laptops are portable, PCs are not
Keyboard on mobile phone is smaller/difficult to type
Mobile phone display is smaller than laptop or PC
Mobile phone may not be able to access certain sites
Signal is likely to be more reliable with PC/laptops as they can be cabled
Slower to access the internet with mobile phone
May not always be able to access the internet using a mobile phone or laptop
More likely to have a mobile phone with you
Can access the internet from greater number of places with a mobile phone
Easier to use a mobile phone while on the move
Some sites do not have full facilities for mobile phones [6]

1 A Speakers [1]
B Web cam [1]
C Joystick [1]
D Memory stick [1]
2 Two from:
Windows
Icons
Menus
Pointer/Pointing device [2]
Software Task
Word processing/DTP Typing a letter [1]
Spreadsheet Calculating profit and loss [1]
Web browser Viewing pages on the internet [1]
Presentation Creating a slide show [1]
Evaluation Analysis
Identifying user and information requirements [1]
Comparing the new system with the original task [1]

requirements
Carry out research on the current system [1]
Identifying any limitations of the new system [1]

5
Chip reader [1]
Web cam
Printer
Buzzer
Keypad [1]
Bar code reader [1]
TFT screen
6 PENDOWN PENUP
LEFT 90 BACKWARD 120
REPEAT 5 PENDOWN
FORWARD 50 REPEAT 4
RIGHT 72 FORWARD 60
ENDREPEAT RIGHT 90
END REPEAT
1 mark each correct instruction [5]
7 (a) Normal data – data within a (given) range/appropriate for that data type [1]
Example – any wage between $200 and $800 [1]
Abnormal data – data outside the range/of the wrong data type [1]
Example – any wage less than $200 or greater than $800 or text such as “two hundred” [1]
Extreme data – data on the boundaries of the range [1]
Example – $200 or $800 [1]
(b) Four from:
Technical documentation has to be produced for systems analysts/programmers

Technical documentation to know how to improve/update the system
Technical documentation to know how to repair system
Technical documentation to know how to maintain the system
User documentation so that the user can understand the system
User documentation so that the user can learn/knows how to operate/use/access the system
User documentation so that the user can overcome problems/errors
Must gain at least one mark for each of user and technical to gain full marks [4]

8 Four from:
ROM cannot be changed/RAM can be changed
RAM can be read from and written to
ROM is read only memory and RAM is random access memory
ROM is non-volatile/RAM is volatile
RAM holds the work that is being currently done by the user
ROM holds instructions that need to be unchanged such as BIOS/program cycles in a washing
machine/program instructions in games [4]
9 Two from:
Buying tickets
Online shopping
Online banking
Any control application
Automatic stock control
(EFT) POS system [2]
10 (i) A chip reader [1]
(ii) A bar code reader [1]
(iii) MICR [1]
(iv) A robot [1]
11 (a) Fixed hard/magnetic disc [1]
(b) The World of the Brontës [1]
(c) Paperback or Hardback [1]
(d) Alphanumeric/Text [1]
(e) Each item of data in the field is unique [1]
(f) Jane O’Neill [1]
(g) Check digit [1]

(h) Two from:

(Invalid) character check/type check to check only digits have been entered
Length check to ensure only 6 characters are entered
Presence check to ensure a borrower number is entered [2]
(i) Three advantages from:

Phone call can last a long time
Can send same email to lots of people at same time
Can send advertising literature as an attachment
Borrower may be not available to answer phone
Phone line may be busy [3]
One disadvantage from:

Cannot be sure borrower has received the message
Can be using a computer when other librarians want to use it for other purposes [1]
(j) Six from:

Bar code reader/Magnetic stripe reader is quicker to enter data than keyboard
Bar code reader/Magnetic stripe reader is more accurate when entering data than keyboard
If bar code/is missing/damaged, it is difficult to enter data
Easier to damage a bar code than a magnetic stripe/chip
Chip reader can input more information than magnetic stripe or bar code
Chip/stripe/bar code readers have to be bought/keyboard comes with the computer
Continuous use of mouse/keyboard can cause RSI
(k) User id identifies user to the system [1]

Password prevents unauthorised user from accessing data/must match the one that the
system stores for that user name [1]
12 (a) Can transfer money out of account/Can create bogus account/Can transfer money into
bogus account [1]
(b) Three from:

Fewer bank employees, so less paid out in wages
Fewer banks needed – less spent on rates/rent
More customers attracted by lower interest rates on loans/higher interest rates on saving
accounts [3]

13 Four from:
May make friends with inappropriate people
Cannot be sure the person you are communicating with is the same as the images you have
seen.
Can become preoccupied with sites and not do other tasks/perform poorly academically
Can swap coursework/homework inappropriately
Lose person to person social skills/spend less time with family/friends
Prone to cyber bullying
Continual use results in lack of exercise, causing health problems [4]
14 (i) OMR [1]
(ii) An icon [1]
(iii) A keyboard [1]
15 (a) Sound – there might be other noises – e.g. roadworks, masking the sound of a car [1]
Light – Anybody could break the beam not just cars/direct sunlight may affect readings [1]
(b) Measurement is the monitoring of physical variables without the microprocessor taking action
[1]
Control is when the microprocessor takes action depending on sensor readings [1]
16 (a) Microphone to input voices of participants/speak to other participants [1]

Speakers to output voices to participants/hear other participants [1]
Web cam to input/capture video/images of participants/documents [1]
(b) Four from:

Workers can use own office so documents do not get lost in transit
Bulky documents/equipment do not have to be carried around
Sensitive documents less likely to be lost/stolen
Company can call meeting at short notice
Might be dangerous to fly/travel [4]
17 (a) Five from:

System/User interface asks questions...
...based on previous responses
Inference engine compares data
Compares data with that held in the knowledge base...
...using rules base
Matches to the symptoms are found [5]

(b) Two from:

Mineral prospecting
Tax
Careers
Chess games
Animal/plant classification/identification
18 Four from:
Save pictures from clipart/Internet/scanned images/digital camera
Load word processing software
Insert images
Edit images
Insert spreadsheet
Position chart/images/spreadsheet
Create chart
Type in text
Edit/format text
Save chart
Insert chart/ copy and paste chart
Edit chart [4]
19 Four from:
Phishing involves fraudster sending an e-mail…
…whereas pharming involves fraudster/hacker installing malicious code on a pc or server
Both involve trying to obtain personal details
Phishing
Email appears to be authentic
Is sent by a fraudster posing as a bank/organisation
Pharming
User is redirected to bogus website
User accesses websites which look authentic
But belong to the fraudster/hacker [4]

Cambridge IGCSE – October/November 2014 0417 11
1 A optical disc drive B USB ports

C memory card slot D on/off button [4]
2 Two from:
Bridge
Hub
Switch
Router
Proxy server
Network card [2]
3
Look away from the screen from time to time [1]
Use a keyboard instead of a mouse
Position your chair so that you are looking straight at the screen. [1]
Work without a break.
Keep the screen as bright as you can
Grip the mouse tightly
4
Hardware Software
Spreadsheet [1]
Digital camera [1]
Bar code reader [1]
Web page authoring program [1]
5 Two from:
Control
Measuring
Spreadsheet [2]

6 RIGHT 90
PENDOWN [1]
REPEAT 8 [1]
FORWARD 50 [1]
LEFT 45 [1]
END REPEAT [1]
PENDOWN and REPEAT 8 are interchangeable.
7 (a) Four from:
(i) 4 [1]
(ii) Engine size [1]
(iii) Make [1]
(iv) Maximum speed [1]
(b) Engine size Make
Maximum speed Registration number [1]
(c) It is the only unique field [1]
(d) Two from:

Parallel running
Direct changeover
Phased implementation
Pilot running [2]
8 (a) Two from:

Temperature sensor
Light sensor
pH sensor
O2 sensor
CO2 sensor [2]
(b) Two from:

There are no output control devices
The computer is not acting as a result of the input
The output has no effect on the input [2]

(c) Spreadsheet/database [1]
(d) DTP/Word processing/Presentation/web authoring software/database [1]
(e) Four from:

Sensors are placed in the river
The sensors feedback/sends data to computer
Data is converted from Analogue to Digital/sent through an ADC
Graphs are automatically produced by computer…
Graphs/charts are plotted against time [4]
9 Two from:
Do not download software/music/games from unknown/untrusted sources/(only) download files
from reputable sources
Do not open email (attachments) from unknown/untrusted sources
Do not use media from unknown sources [2]
10 (a) (i) Two from:

LAN is a Local Area Network
LAN covers a small area/one building
A school network is a LAN [2]
(ii) Two from:

WAN is a wide area network
WAN covers a large geographical area/worldwide
The Internet is a WAN
A WAN consists of connected LANs [2]
(b) Router/modem/cable [1]
11 (a) Three from:

Animation such as cartoons/moving text
Sound such as voiceovers/special sound effects/music
Hyperlinks/hotspot to move between pages/sites
Video such as moving images/reasonable example
Rollovers to change images
Search box to find items on that site quickly [3]
(b) (i) Two from:

It is a copy of data
Leaving the original intact
Stored away from the original [2]

(ii) Two from:

Data could be corrupted on original medium
Data could be accidentally amended/overwritten on original medium
Data could be accidentally deleted from original medium
Data could be maliciously deleted/edited from original medium [2]
12 (a) (i) Joyce Alonzo and Aftab Ali [1]
(ii) Maria Jones [1]
(iii) David Senior [1]
(b) Visual verification/visually comparing data entered with original [1]

Double data entry/entering data twice and the computer compares them [1]
(c) (i) Range (check)/lookup (check) [1]
(ii) (Invalid) character (check)/type (check) [1]
(iii) Length (check) [1]
13 Three from:
In the event of a crash – safer, no loss of life/injuries
In the event of a crash – don’t have to pay for replacement vehicle/repairs
Can simulate situations which don’t often occur in real life
Can train even in extreme conditions [3]
14 Three from:
Can monitor continuously/readings can be taken more frequently
Nurses can get tired and forget to take readings/nurses are so busy they might not be able to
take readings regularly
Computer readings are more accurate/human errors are reduced/Computers are more accurate
More than one variable can be measured at any one time
Results/data can be analysed automatically/Charts are produced automatically
Automatic warnings can be generated/faster to react
Nurses are free to do other tasks
Reduces chances of nurses being exposed to contagious diseases
Reduced cost of wage bill [3]
15 Five from:
A structure to relate each item in the knowledge base is created
A user interface/method of displaying the results/method of inputting data/input screen/output
screen is designed/created

16 (a) Two from:

(Cannot) deposit cash
(Cannot) withdraw cash
(Cannot) deposit cheques with most banks [2]
(b)
What is the name of the fourth planet from the Sun?
What is your favourite place? [1]
How many miles is it from New York to Washington?
What is your mother’s maiden name? [1]
Who is the prime minister of Australia?
What is the capital of France?
(c) Two from:

Initial cost of hardware/software (is expensive)
Loss of customers/more difficult to sell other services – due to lack of personal touch
System maintenance may be/is expensive/cost of system maintenance [2]
(d) Three from:

Requires a decryption key/encryption/key/software to decrypt
… from being understood if it falls in to the wrong hands [3]
17 Five from:
Adequate space for response/individual character boxes
Fonts/font size should be easy to read
Instructions how to complete form/clearly labelled field names
Logical order of questions
Questions spaced out/group relevant fields together
Not too much text
Sensible colour scheme
Use of tick boxes
Strikethroughs
Appropriate white space/fills the page [5]

18 Six from:
Fax
Personal data more likely to be intercepted by another office worker
Quicker to receive message than using post
Document with signature is legally acceptable via fax
Documents can be lower quality when received
Email
Personal data less likely to be intercepted by another office worker
No need to do printouts therefore more secure
Attached documents are better quality in attachment
Email is more environmentally friendly
Email attachments can be edited by recipient easier than fax/post
Multimedia attachments can be sent by email
Quicker to receive message than using post
You can send from anywhere there is an internet connection by email
Easier to send to several recipients at the same time using email
Has a lower running cost such as paper/ink than fax
More people have access to email than fax machines
You cannot send solid objects by email
Post
Received more slowly by recipient
Attached documents are better quality in post
Multimedia documents can be sent by post
Solid objects can be sent by post
You can send from anywhere
Document with signature is legally acceptable
Don’t have to worry about equipment being faulty
More people have access to post than fax machines
One mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion [6]
19 Six from:
Internet is not regulated
Danger of accessing inappropriate websites.
Internet tends to be up to date
Can access biased/inaccurate/unreliable websites
Lack of expertise can lead to inefficient searching


Can reach more people
Easier to update
Can have multimedia which would attract more customers/eye-catching [2]

More expensive to start up/pay programmers/developers
More expensive to maintain
Need specialist equipment to start with
May not reach target audience [2]

1 (a) Two from:

Number pad
Keyboard
Microphone
Web cam
Touchpad [2]
(b) Screen [1]

Speaker [1]
2 Magnetic stripe [1]

Chip [1]
3
Using Multipart stationery [1]
Producing high quality printouts
Producing A0 printouts
CAD applications
Producing continuous printouts [1]
Producing printouts of photographs
4
Software Task
Measuring program monitoring atmospheric pressure [1]
Control program keeping temperature constant in a greenhouse [1]
Spreadsheet Modelling personal finances [1]
Presentation software Creating a slide show [1]
Search engine finding information on the internet [1]

5
Pen drives are used to make backups on large company file servers. [1]
Magnetic tapes use direct access when searching for records. [1]
Fixed hard discs have slower access times than optical discs. [1]
DVD RWs allow you to save new data to them [1]
A CD has greater storage capacity than a DVD [1]
6 (a) Command Line Interface/CLI [1]
(b) Graphical User Interface/GUI [1]
7 (a) 5 [1]
(b) Any cell in the range B3:D6 [1]
(c) A1 or any cell in ranges A2:E2 or A3:A6 [1]
(d) = b4–c4
b–c formula [1]
Row 4 [1]
(e) = if(c5 > 150, “Yes”, “No”)

Correct syntax of if() [1]
C5 > 150 [1]
“Yes”, “No” [1]
PEN DOWN FORWARD 20 [1]
[1]
FORWARD 10 PENUP
LEFT 90 FORWARD 40 [1]
FORWARD 25 PENDOWN [1]
RIGHT90 FORWARD 25
FORWARD 30 RIGHT 90
RIGHT 90 FORWARD 40 [1]

9 (a) Two from:

Make their file/work read only
Password encrypt their file/work
Grant people access to their file/work without permission to edit
Make their file/work hidden [2]
(b) Modem/router [1]
(c) Two from:

Email
Instant messaging
VOIP
Video conferencing [2]
(d) Advantage
Unauthorised users won’t be able to understand data/only person/computer with key can
understand data
Disadvantage
The data can still be deleted/if the person encrypting the data accidentally deletes the
encryption key the data will be unreadable [2]
10 (a) Issue – heavy equipment falling injuring users [1]

Prevention – sturdy tables/place heavy equipment in centre of tables [1]
Issue – fire might be caused [1]

Prevention – CO2 extinguisher/don’t overload sockets/have fans/cooling system [1]
(b) Three from:

A piece of programming code/software/program/script
It replicates itself
Corrupts/deletes files/data
Can corrupt or erase the contents of the hard disk
Can completely fill the hard disk/memory making it unusable/slows down operations
Makes software/operating system unusable
One mark is available for an accurate description of method of transmission [3]
(c) Three from:

Software that gathers data from computers without the user realising
It monitors and records all key presses
It sends this information back to the hacker who sent it out
Used to gain personal details of users [3]

11 (a) Two matched pairs from:
Interview users of the existing system

Asking questions about the system face to face/in person
Distribute questionnaires to users of the existing system

Asking questions about the system in hard copy form
Observation of the existing system/workers in action

To see all aspects of the system/whole overview to see how system works
Examining documents about the current system

To see inputs and outputs to the system [4]
(b) Four from:

Data capture forms
Screen layouts
Report layout
Screen displays
Validation routines
Data/file structures [4]
(c) Two matched pairs from:
Parallel running
There is always the old system to fall back on in the event of the new system failing/training
can be gradual
You still have most of old system to fall back on/training can be gradual
Pilot running
Only one branch is affected if new system fails/other branches can learn from the branch’s
experiences [4]
12 (a) Two from:

Router
Web cam
Microphone
Network card
Speakers [2]
(b) Four from:

Takes time/costs money to learn new technology/to be trained
Difficult to have international meetings because of time differences
Initial cost of hardware (and software)
Equipment can break down/power cuts can stop conference
Poor strength of signal/time lag/lip sync can be a problem/connection can be lost
Loss of personal/social contact [4]

13
Patients are always cured.
Patient records can be sorted into order more easily. [1]
Doctors can find patient records more quickly. [1]
Patients’ medicines are never lost.
Fewer doctors are needed.
Nurses don’t have to be paid as much.
Takes up less filing space [1]
14 (a) Two from:

Pen drives are easier to carry than CDs
Most computers have USB ports not all have CD drives
Pen drives store more data than a CD [2]
(b) Two from:

Pen drives are more expensive than CDs
Pen drives are easier to lose than CDs
Saving directly to a pen drive can be problematical [2]
15 (a) (i) Bar code reader [1]
(ii) Chip/magnetic strip readers [1]
(b) Check digit [1]
(c) Four from:

Product number is searched for in stock file
Matching number in stock reduces by 1
Compare number in stock with re-order level
If number in stock is less than re-order level product is re-ordered
Order is automatically sent to supplier [4]
(d) The PIN on the chip is compared with the typed in PIN [1]
(e) Four from:

Bank looks up customer account number
Checks available balance
If insufficient funds then transaction is rejected
If sufficient funds then transaction is authorised
Amount deducted from customer account
Amount credited to supermarket account [4]

16 Three from:
Cheques are collected together…
…during the course of the day
Cheques are then processed all at once
Cheques are processed overnight
Bank accounts updated following morning [3]
17 (a) Three from:

Customers can pay bills
Customers can amend/create standing orders/direct debits
Customers can order a new PIN
Customers can stop a cheque
Customers can see recent/pending transactions
Customers can apply for a loan
Have access to up-to-date bank statements/can check account balances
Can transfer funds between the customer’s different accounts
Can amend personal details [3]
(b) Withdraw cash/pay in cash [1]
(c) Three from:

Fewer bank tellers so less paid out in wages
Have access to a wider customer base
Fewer branch offices needed – less spent on rates/rent/utilities
Less money spent on security staff [3]
(d) Three from:

Loss of customers/more difficult to sell other services due to lack of personal touch
System maintenance may be expensive/costs of system maintenance [3]

1 (a) Two from:

Microphone
Keyboard
Mouse [2]
(b) Speakers [1]

Screen [1]
(c) Two from:

DVD drive
Internal hard disc drive
Pen drive [2]
2
Reading data from bank cheques [1]
Reading data from candidate exam answer papers [1]
Inputting data ready for processing by a word processor [1]
Inputting pencil mark data from a school register [1]
3
Dot matrix printer printing on multipart stationery [1]
Chip reader reading information from the front of bank cards [1]
Magnetic tape drive making fileserver backup copies [1]
Bar code reader to read data from a product at a POS terminal [1]
4
It is easy to keep in immediate contact with friends [1]
You can share photographs with friends [1]
You can do internet banking using a social networking site [1]
You can access everybody’s personal details [1]
5 (a) On-line [1]
(b) Serial [1]
(c) Sensor [1]

PEN DOWN FORWARD 20
LEFT 90 RIGHT 90
RIGHT 90 REPEAT 2
PENUP RIGHT 90
PENDOWN END REPEAT
1 mark for each correct instruction [6]
7 (a) Temperature [1]

Time [1]
(b) Five from:

Microprocessor switches heater on
Microprocessor receives data from temperature sensor
Temperature of oven is compared with pre-set value by microprocessor
If higher microprocessor switches heater off
If lower microprocessor leaves heater on
Time is constantly monitored by microprocessor
Time elapsed/finish time is compared to pre-set time by microprocessor
If equal then heater is switched off by microprocessor…
…microprocessor causes buzzer to sound [5]
8 (a) Range check [1]
(b) (i) 0, 25 or 80 [1]
(ii) 0 or 80 [1]
(iii) 87 [1]
(c) =if(C2>=45,”Pass”,”Fail”)
Correct syntax of if() [1]

C2>=45 [1]
“Pass”,”Fail” [1]

(d) Three from:

Click on D2 and manoeuvre to bottom right hand corner of cell
Drag black cross down to D32
Or
Right click on D2 select copy from menu

Select D3 to D32
Right click and click on paste
Or
Highlight cells D2 to D32

Click on Fill
Click on down [3]
(e) Two from:

9 (a) A flowchart [1]
(b) Analysis [1]
(c) Hacking [1]
(d) A password [1]
10
Higher charges can be made
They have fewer bad risks
Less paid out in wages as fewer staff need to be employed [1]
Lower costs as fewer buildings need to be rented [1]
A wider customer base is available [1]
Mistakes are never made.
Less actual cash handled so there are fewer robberies [1]
The initial cost of hardware is cheap

11 (a) Four from:

Robots have to be reprogrammed when there is a small change/can’t think for themselves
Robots need programming in order to be adaptable
Expensive start-up costs – redundancy payments
Expensive start-up costs – have to spend money on training workers to use robots
Expensive start-up costs – buying of robots/programming of robots
Computer crash would halt production
Maintenance/repair costs can be expensive [4]
(b) Two from:

It is quieter
They have a safer environment
It is a cleaner environment [2]
12
Producing the payroll
Producing utility bills.
Printing credit card statements.
Paying for goods using EFTPOS. [1]
Processing bank cheques overnight
A microprocessor controlled greenhouse. [1]
13 (a) Two from:

Primary key/key field(s)/foreign key would be identified… [1]
…would be used to link the tables together [1]
(b) Two from:

Data does not have to be typed in twice
Quicker to enter/update/edit data
Fewer errors are likely
Reduces storage requirements [2]
(c) Three from:

Can store vast amount of information
Has a fast data access speed
Has a fast data transfer speed
Most computer systems come with hard discs [3]

(d) Member number: Length check/(invalid) character check/type check/range check
Sport code: Length check/format check [2]
(e) Chip reader/magnetic stripe reader [1]
(f) Two from:

It is faster to enter data
More accurate/fewer errors [2]
(g) Three from:

How to save a file
How to search
How to sort
How to print
How to add records
Tutorials [3]
(h) Three from:

Program coding/listing
System flowchart
Program flowchart/algorithm
List of variables
File structure
Known bugs
Validation routines
Purpose of the program [3]

14 Four from
Internet is network of networks/intranet doesn’t have to be a network of networks
Internet is global
Intranet is within one organisation
Intranet is private/internet is public
Data found in an intranet is likely to be more reliable/relevant than that found on the Internet
Internet has more information than an intranet [4]
15 (a) Three from:

Can encourage a healthy lifestyle because of smart fridges analyzing food constituents [3]
(b) Three from:

Manual household skills are lost
These may malfunction and, because the individual has left the device unattended, this can
lead to fires/damage to the house [3]
16 Three matched pairs (with a different method for each one) from:
Data could be amended
Use a username and password so that only the person who knows these can access the data
Use biometrics so that only that person who has those characteristics can access the data
Use a firewall which prevents unknown computers accessing a network
Data could be deleted

Use a username and password so that only the person who knows these can access the data
Use biometrics so that only that person who has those characteristics can access the data
Use a firewall which prevents unknown computers accessing a network
Data could be read and passed on

Encryption so that data is unreadable to unauthorised users [6]

17 Four from:
If computer is switched off work in RAM goes but backing storage stores data for future use
Backing storage is cheaper than IAM per unit of memory so more cost effective to have both
IAM is bulkier than backing storage per unit of memory so more sensible to have both
IAM provides faster access than backing storage so as there has to be backing storage computer
needs IAS to speed up operations
Software package may be so large that it is physically impossible for RAM to store it
Data may need to be transferred from one computer to another and can’t do that with RAM [4]

Cambridge IGCSE – March 2015 0417 12
1 (a) Three from:
Temperature sensor
Light sensor
Humidity sensor
Number pad [3]
(b) Three from:
Sprinkler
Heater
Light
Motor [3]
2
Storing photos in a camera [1]
Storing file server backups [1]
Storing high definition movies [1]
Storing large numbers of payroll records [1]
3
Inputting diagrams as they are being drawn Graphics tablet [1]
Inputting printed text to a computer to be

Optical Character Reader [1]
processed by another software package
Inputting moving pictures, often pre-recorded,

Video camera [1]
into a computer.
Used by a pilot to control a flight simulator Joystick [1]
4
This type of network usually requires the use of
[1]
WiFi
Usually is cabled and often housed in a single

[1]
building
Covers a large area and is often connected

[1]
using a router
Requires the use of Wireless Access Points

[1]
(WAPs)

5 (a) The device used for switching channels on a television is called a remote control [1]
(b) A method of inputting answers from a candidate’s exam paper is called OMR [1]
(c) A printer which is suitable for producing large volumes of high quality
printout is called a laser printer [1]
6 Six from

Microprocessor stores cooking time/start time as preset value
End times as preset values
Microprocessor subtracts cooking time from end time
Microprocessor compares the result with current time
If the current time and the start/calculated time are the same microprocessor switches on heater
Microprocessor compares temperature from sensor to pre-set temperature
If temperature is lower than preset value microprocessor sends a signal to actuators…
…to turn heater on
If higher than preset value microprocessor sends a signal to actuators…
…to turn heater off
Microprocessor compares current time with end time/start time preset value
If current time is less than end time preset value then cycle continues else…
…microprocessor sounds buzzer/beeper [6]
7 (a) END REPEAT is missing after RIGHT 60/ instruction 5/ before instruction 6 [1]
BACKWARD 100 is missing after PENUP/ instruction 6/ before instruction 7 [1]
REPEAT 3 is missing after second PENDOWN/ instruction 7/ before instruction 8 [1]
(b) REPEAT 5 should be REPEAT 6 [1]
The first FORWARD 50 should be FORWARD 40 [1]
8 (a) Five from:
Account number
Sort code
Expiry date
Amount to withdraw
PIN
Card limit
Choice of language
Receipt required (Y/N) [5]

(b) Six from:
No embarrassment of not having sufficient funds

Less time spent queuing
Can get money any time of day or night
Own bank may be further to travel to than nearest ATM
Can use most ATMs/does not have to be own bank
Have choice of languages so is easier to understand/be understood
When getting cash late at night may be susceptible to mugging

Machine may be out of order/run out of cash
Can only be given denominations in the machine
Limit to the amount that can be withdrawn
Must have at least one advantage and one disadvantage to gain full marks
One mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion [6]
9 Eight from:
Parallel running – There is always the old system to fall back on in the event of the new system
failing/information is not lost/always a second copy/Direct changeover – If things go wrong lose
all data/ old system is not available
Direct changeover – benefits are immediately available
Parallel running is more expensive to implement as two sets of workers have to be employed
Direct changeover – less likelihood of errors as system will have been fully tested
Direct changeover is quicker to implement than parallel running
Direct changeover – training is more difficult to organise
Parallel running – training can be gradual
Direct changeover would be more suitable as company probably would not be able to afford to
use parallel running
Direct changeover would be more suitable as the company needs it to be implemented quickly
Must have at least one mark for reason for choice in order to gain full marks [8]
10 Seven from:
Mainframes/PCs/laptops needed for applications which require high speed processing

Mainframes/ PCs/laptops needed for applications which require greater internal memory capacity
Mainframes/ PCs/laptops needed for applications which require greater backing storage capacity
Mainframes/ PCs/laptops/tablet computers needed for applications which require bigger displays
Mainframes/ PCs/laptops needed for applications which require more manageable keyboards
Mainframes/ PCs/laptops needed for applications which require easy navigation from screen to
screen
Mainframes/ PCs/laptops have access to wider range of application software
Still need mainframes to carry out complex mathematical functions
Mainframes/ PCs/laptops are easier to monitor use [7]

11 (a) Four from:
If computer is switched off, work in RAM is lost but backing storage stores data for future use
More likely that data is accidentally deleted in RAM
RAM is more expensive than backing storage per unit of memory
RAM is bulkier than backing storage per unit of memory
Software package may be so large that it is physically impossible for RAM to store it.
Operating system may be so large that it is physically impossible for ROM to store it.
Data may need to be transferred from one computer to another and can’t do that with RAM
[4]
(b) Four from:
Memory is needed which cannot be changed – ROM

Memory is needed which can be changed – RAM
Instructions that need to be unchanged have to be stored such as BIOS/ program cycles in a
washing machine/program instructions in games
There needs to be memory that holds the work that is being currently done by the user
There needs to be memory that holds the software that is being currently used by the user
Non-volatile memory is needed – ROM [4]
12 (a) Two from:
Can be sure every parent/student gets a copy

Easier to target who the head wants to get it
Not every home has a computer/internet access [2]
(b) Three from:
Cost of delivery/paying someone to deliver

Costs school extra to print copies/ink costs
Extra cost if colour is included
Cannot use multimedia
More difficult to amend/update
Limited to parents of school children [3]
13 (a) Four from:
Countif functions have a range and a criteria argument

In this example the range is A2:A10
The criterion is <31
It searches through the range A2:A10
Counts the number of cells/values…
…that contain numeric values…
…that have a value less than 31
Returns/displays that count. [4]

(b) (i) 4 [1]
(ii) Two from:
9-4 is 5
But this 5 now includes the blank cells/includes those who haven’t worked at all
The blank cells are not greater than 33 but are still included [2]
14 (a) Five from:

A structure to relate each item in the database/knowledge base is created
A user interface/method of displaying the results/method of inputting data/input
screen/output screen is designed/created
(b) Two from:
Prospecting
Tax
Careers
Chess games
15 (a) Text/alphanumeric [1]

Number/currency [1]
Date/number [1]
Number/integer [1]
(b) Price (Rs) must be >=120 and <=255

1 mark for >=120 and 1 for ‘and <=255’ [2]
(c) (i) Year_released < 2007 OR Price (Rs) >= 145
1 mark for Year_released

1 mark for <2007
1 mark for Price (Rs)
1 mark for >= 145
1 mark for OR [5]

(ii) 1,2,4,5 if answer to (i) is correct – apply follow through if answer to part (i) is incorrect
-1 for each incorrect or missing/additional id number down to a minimum of 0 [2]
16 Two from:
Lawful protection....
......Given to authors of software /companies /publishers
Relates to the software/name/work the author/publisher/company created/published
Prohibits purchaser from making unlimited copies/lend it to others/change the software/sell
software/books/intellectual property without the company’s/author’s permission [2]

Cambridge IGCSE – May/June 2015 0417 11
1 (a) Sensor [1]

Touchpad [1]
(b) Printer [1]

Screen [1]
(c) Pen drive [1]

DVD drive [1]
2
MICR Trackerball Sensor
Use

Reading data from a cheque [1]
Inputting the temperature of a greenhouse [1]
People with limited motor skills using computers [1]
For inputting the amount of humidity in a weather

[1]
station
3
Application Device
Produces very high quality printing where speed is not an issue Inkjet printer [1]
Production of continuous stationery where noise is not an issue Dot matrix printer [1]
Produces rapid, high quality and high volume printing Laser printer [1]
Produces very large printouts such as size A0 Graph plotter [1]
4
Blog Microblog Wiki

Very restricted on size of post [1]
Allows readers to edit posts [1]
Entries are not usually in chronological order [1]
Very difficult to customise [1]

5 (a) The type of processing used for processing cheques is called batch [1]
(b) The type of access used on a magnetic disc is called direct [1]
(c) An item of hardware which is used to open a window is called a motor [1]
PENDOWN PENDOWN PENDOWN PENDOWN
LEFT 90 REPEAT 2 LEFT 90 FORWARD 30
FORWARD 20 FORWARD 30 FORWARD 20 RIGHT 90
RIGHT 90 RIGHT 90 OR RIGHT 90 FORWARD 30
PENUP END REPEAT PENUP RIGHT 90
FORWARD 10 FORWARD 30 FORWARD 10 FORWARD 30
1 mark for each correct instruction [6]
7 (a)
Pressure sensor [1]
Oxygen level sensor
Wind speed sensor
Sound sensor [1]
Body sensor
Moisture sensor
Infra-red sensor [1]
Touch sensor

(b) Five from:
Microprocessor checks input from the user is authentic

Microprocessor continually monitors sensors.
If infra-red sensor reading changes

If pressure greater than pre-set value...
If sound greater than pre-set value...
Microprocessor sends signal to sound alarm
Microprocessor sends signal to flashing light/house lights.
Microprocessor automatically sends message/calls/texts owner [5]
8 (a)
Analysis Design Evaluation
Activity

Interviewing the users of the new system [1]
Interviewing the users of the existing system [1]
Planning the validation routines [1]
Examining existing documents [1]
(b) Three names and descriptions from:
Parallel running
Current system and new system run alongside each other
Pilot running
New system introduced in one branch and other branches continue with old system
Direct changeover
New system replaces old system immediately/overnight
New system is introduced one module/step at a time [6]

(c) Three from:

Program listing
Flowchart/algorithm
List of variables
File structure
Known bugs
Validation routines
Limitations of the system [3]
(d) Three from:

How to save a file
How to search
How to sort
How to print
How to add records
Tutorials [3]
9 (a) two from:
Visual verification
Visually comparing the data on screen…
…with the source document
OR
two from:
Double data entry

Data is typed in twice by one typist
Data is typed in by two operators
Computer compares versions [2]

(b) Type in =d3/c3 [1]

*100 [1]
OR OR
Type in =d3/c3 in e3 [1]

Set the format to % [1]
(c) Three from:
Click on E3
Manoeuvre to bottom right hand corner of cell
Black cross dragged down to E22
Or three from:
Right click on E3
Select copy from menu
Select E4 to E22
Right click and click on paste [3]
(d) Two from:
Less dangerous to use a model

Real thing may represent too large a time scale/ it may take a long time to obtain results from
the real thing - genetics etc. Too large a time scale required
Real thing may be wasteful of materials
You can ask many whatif questions which would be impractical in real life [2]

10
Redundancy payments to former workers are expensive [1]
The cars produced are not of a consistent standard
Robots are unable to think for themselves [1]
Robots do not go on strike
Robots are expensive to buy [1]
Mistakes are never made.
Maintaining robots costs money [1]
Car workers have to be paid more
11 (a) Two from:

Electronic junk mail/sending of unsolicited emails
Sent to everybody on a mailing list/many emails sent at once
Can fill up the receiver’s mail box and therefore hard disk [2]
(b) Four from:

Phishing
Fraudster sends an e-mail which appear to be authentic
is sent by a fraudster posing as a bank/organisation
provides a link to a bogus website
Pharming
installing malicious code on a pc or server
user is redirected to bogus website
user accesses websites which look authentic
website belongs to the fraudster/hacker [4]
12 (a) three from:

Network cards
Modem/Router
Hub/switch
Cables
Telephone line [3]

(b) Three from:
Using social networks

Booking tickets
Playing educational games
Watching videos/music
Send/receive emails
Create a blog/description of blogging
Researching current affairs/school work
Looking at the news
Reading ebooks/books online [3]
(c) Two from:

Copy onto removable storage medium
At regular intervals
Store the medium away from the computer
Make incremental backups [2]
(d) Two from:

User id can sometimes be easily guessed
Passwords can be hacked with key logging software
Passwords can be hacked by using random password generators
Four from:
Question is asked such as mother’s maiden name/customer’s birthplace/date of birth
Question selected can be difficult to answer by hacker.
Answers can be intercepted by hacker
Using a chip and pin reader with bank card to generate a one off transaction code which user
enters into online banking
Bank issues a one off transaction code to the user’s phone which user enters into online
banking
Even if hacker intercepts code is no use to him/her as can only be used once
Inconvenient as have to keep reader and card with you if you want to bank remotely
Using fingerprint scanner to capture digital image of fingerprint
Each fingerprint is virtually unique/ Each retina is unique/ Each iris is virtually unique
Fingerprint scanners can be inaccurate
Fingerprints can alter when people do sustained heavy manual work
Civil liberty issues
Using a retina scanner to detect retina pattern
Cataracts/astigmatism can affect accuracy of reading
Equipment cost is high
Using a digital camera to record image of the iris
High quality images of an iris can be used to ‘fool’ the system
Biometrics are nearly impossible to forge [6]

13 (a)
Film_title Text/alphanumeric [1]
Format/blu-ray/DVD Boolean [1], [1]
Rental_Cost Currency [1], [1]
Name_of_director Text/alphanumeric [1]
(b) Four from:

set up a query
rental cost < 3
select appropriate fields to include in report
create an appropriate report title
set up a header
set up a footer
use appropriate alignment within fields
Select appropriate font/font size for heading
Select appropriate font/font size for field names
Select appropriate font/font size for field contents [4]
14 Six from:
Borrower:
Advantages:
Saves cost of travelling to the library
Saves time of travelling to library
More likely to be able to borrow a particular book/library has more copies
Will not be fined for going over borrowing period
Disadvantages:
Might not have finished reading book when it disappears
Have the expense of buying the correct hardware
Library:
Advantages:
Saves cost of salaries as some staff have been made redundant
Librarians will have more time to spend on other duties
Don’t have to worry about books not being returned
Disadvantages:
Will lose income from not collecting fines [6]

1 (a) Two from:
Joystick
Microphone
Tracker ball
Concept keyboard
Touch screen
Scanner
Digital camera
Graphics tablet
Webcam [2]
(b) Two from:
Hard disk drive

Optical disc drive
Flash memory card reader/writer
Solid State Drive [2]
(c) Two from:
Dot matrix printer

Laser printer
Inkjet printer
Speakers
Monitor [2]
2
Direct
Parallel Pilot
Change-
running running
over

All of the old and new systems run at the same

[1]
time
If the system fails in one branch the rest of the

[1]
company is not affected
The new system has to be completely free of

[1]
errors before implementation
The benefits of the new system are available

[1]
immediately

3
Input Output Storage
device device device

Making a backup of work [1]
Typing a document [1]
Printing out student records [1]
Reading details from a bar code [1]
Making a soft copy for future use [1]
4
User Technical Both

Systems flowchart [1]
How to save a document [1]
List of variables [1]
The purpose of the system [1]
5 (a) MICR [1]
(b) a bar code reader [1]
(c) Chip reader [1]
6 (a) FORWARD 10 is missing before first PENUP/5th instruction/after 4th instruction/first

RIGHT 90/ between 4th and 5th instruction [1]
(b) First FORWARD 20 (6) should be FORWARD 10 [1]
Second PENUP (8) should be PENDOWN [1]
FORWARD 90 (9) should read FORWARD 35 [1]
RIGHT 35 (10) should read RIGHT 90 [1]

7 (a)
Pressure sensor [1]
Height sensor
Wind speed sensor
Sound sensor
Temperature sensor [1]
Moisture sensor [1]
Cold sensor
Detergent sensor
(b) Five from:
Microprocessor stores pre-set values

Reads data from sensors
Microprocessor compares readings with pre-set value
If temperature is at or above the pre-set value microprocessor sends a signal to turn the
heater off
If temperature is below pre-set value microprocessor sends a signal to turn the heater on
At start of cycle, microprocessor sends a signal to open valve to let in water
If water level reached microprocessor sends a signal to switch off valve
If pressure is above preset value microprocessor sends a signal to sound alarm
Microprocessor checks pressure reading and calculates the amount of water to use [5]
8 Six from:
Contactless systems reduce the time taken by retailers to deal with each customer
Customers don’t need to queue for so long as contactless cards speed up the transactions/
quicker than inserting the card and entering the PIN
Only checks whether the card is not cancelled or stolen not always making a full check on what
the balance of the holder’s account is.
Customers are limited in what they can buy as transactions must be below a certain value
In some cases, the customer can unwittingly pay for another customer’s purchase if they get too
close to the terminal.
A thief armed with a suitable reader, within a few feet of the customer, would be able to
interrogate all of the cards in their wallet without their knowledge.
If customer lost card a thief could make purchases without having to know a PIN
Customer can pay twice as terminal may detect the card for contactless payment but has inserted
the card to use the PIN.
Customer doesn’t have to worry about PIN being overseen/shoulder surfed [6]

9 (a) Four from:
Searches for the value 38

38 is the lookup value
Searches in the range A2:C10
It returns the value that is contained in the third column of the range...
…and on the same row as the lookup value…
…if it’s an exact match of 38 [4]
(b) Four from:
There is no return value/FALSE/0…

…to force an exact match
The data is not sorted on column D
So only an approximate match will be made
First four items in column D are sorted so as soon as it gets to D6 it’s is no longer sorted…
…so it doesn’t get to 33…
So formula will return David [4]
10 Five from:
Max four from:

e.g.
Fewer secretaries needed – computers provide much of the secretarial expertise once provided
by a secretary
Fewer general office staff needed – workload has been reduced by the storage capacity of
computers
Computerised accounting packages – fewer accountants needed
Stock control used to require specialists but is now done through computerised checkout systems
Security systems – computerised security gates have caused a reduction in the number of people
employed for store security
Automated return and issue systems in libraries have led to a number of library staff being made
redundant
Production lines are now operated by robots reducing the number of jobs available to production
line workers
Max four from:

Increase in employment of ICT systems/network maintenance workers
Increase in employment of robot maintenance workers
Increase in employment of programmers
Increase in employment of web designers
Increase in employment of computer operators
Increase in employment of van drivers by online retail industries
More workers needed to manufacture robots [5 max]

Modem/Router
To connect the network to the internet
Hub/Switch
To connect the computers to form a network
(Internet) browser
To access the bank’s website/to search on different websites/allow access to internet (if not given
elsewhere)
ISP (contract)
To access the internet/to provide internet services
Telephone line
To connect the router to the internet [8]
12 Six from:
Load/open web authoring package

Create tables
Take photo using digital camera/ordinary camera or video camera
Upload from camera
Save the image/video
Load webpage
Import/copy and paste/insert image into document/embed image source into markup
Position the image/resize image/edit image
Type text/import text files
Edit/format text
Insert spreadsheet
Insert/copy data from spreadsheet
Paste data into table
Create chart from spreadsheet
Edit chart
Insert chart/ copy and paste chart
Upload web page to internet [6]

13

Initial purchase of hardware and software is expensive [1]
Bank workers will have to be paid more
Extra buildings will be need to be rented
System maintenance costs may be high [1]
Cost of lighting and electricity will be higher
More cashiers will need to be employed
More security staff will need to be employed
Redundancy payments will need to be made to cashiers who are

[1]
now unemployed
14 (a) .csv/.txt/.rtf [1]
(b) Text/alphanumeric [1]

Text/alphanumeric [1]
Text/alphanumeric [1]
Numeric/Integer [1]
Date [1]
(c) Two matched pairs:
Student_Id [1]
It would make sure that it would consist of two letters followed by 6 digits [1]
joined_the_school [1]
It would make sure that it would consist of two digits, a slash, two digits, a slash followed by
4 digits [1]
(d) All 5 correct fields – 2 marks

4 correct fields – 1 mark
fewer than 4 correct fields – 0 marks
Additional fields lose 1 mark each down to a minimum of 0 marks [2]
Three from:

Forward and backward buttons
Drop down boxes for joined_school field/calendar to choose dates from
Information fills the page [3]

15 Six from:
Testing modules with abnormal data

Testing modules with data that is outside the range
Testing modules with data that is of the wrong type/format/length
Testing modules with normal data
Testing modules with data that is within the range
Testing modules with data that is of the correct type/format/length
Testing modules with extreme data
Testing modules with data that is at the boundaries/ends of the range
After testing each module thoroughly…
…testing the whole system
Description of user testing
Testing with live data [6]
16 (a) Six from:
Uses interactive interface/interactive interface asks questions about geological profile

Answers to questions are typed in
geological profile is typed in
Further questions are asked based on previous responses
expert system analyses data
inference engine compares data…
…compares data with that held in the knowledge base...
...using rules base
matches are found
Probabilities of oil being present are suggested
Depths of likely deposits are suggested
Predictions of geological strata above the deposits of oil are output [6]
(b) Two from:
Medical diagnosis
Car engine fault diagnosis

1 (a) Two from:
Touch screen
Microphone
(Push) button
Camera [2]
(b) One from:
(Flash) memory card reader [1]
(c) Three from:
Send emails
Send texts
Access website and send secure message [3]
Bar code
MICR OMR
Use reader

Inputting exam answers from a multi choice test paper [1]
Inputting the account number from the bottom of a [1]

cheque
Inputting the ISBN from the back of a book [1]
Inputting pencil marks from a school register [1]
3 Computer hardware is the collection of physical components that make up a computer

system/physical parts of a computer that can be touched [1]
Examples of hardware are the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, hard disk drive,
graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard, CPU [1]
Computer software is made up of the instructions that can be stored and run by hardware/ any
set of machine-readable instructions/software directs a computer's processor to perform specific
operations/programs that control the computer system [1]
Examples of software are spreadsheet software, data handling software, word processing
software, DTP software, presentation software, control software, measuring software, operating
system, anti-virus software [1]

4
Neither
verification
Verification Validation
nor

validation

Data is entered by two different [1]

operators
Data is checked to see if it is present [1]
Data is checked to make sure it is [1]

correct
Data entered is checked to see if it [1]
matches data on the source
document
5 (a)
The type of processing used for updating bank accounts at

ATMs is called online
[1]
(b)
The type of access used on a magnetic tape is called serial
[1]
(c)
The type of software which is used to create printed

magazines is called DTP
[1]
6 Two from, descriptions of:

e.g.:
Optical fibre broadband
Increased bandwidth
Fourth generation mobile telecommunications [2]

7 Safety issues are usually caused by accidents [1]

Health issues are those caused by continuous use of computers [1]
Max four from:
Health issues are caused by-

Max three from:
Bad posture
Incorrect positioning of equipment
Not taking regular breaks
Continuously staring at a monitor
Repetitive clicking/typing
Safety issues are caused by –

Max three from:
Having trailing wires
Overloading sockets
Allowing drinks near equipment
Placing heavy equipment in an unsafe position on a table/desk [4]
8 (a) REPEAT 6 (3) should be REPEAT 5 [1]
(b) END REPEAT is missing after RIGHT 72 (5) [1]
PENUP is missing before BACKWARD 80 (6) [1]
PENDOWN is missing after BACKWARD 80 (6) [1]
REPEAT 4 is missing before RIGHT 90 (7) [1]
9 (a) Two matched pairs from:
Number pad/touch screen/remote control

For the user to input the required temperature
Temperature sensor
To input current temperature of the room/office [4]
(b) Four from:
Microprocessor receives temperature from temperature sensor

Microprocessor stores required temperature/19 as preset value
Compares temperature from sensor to pre-set temperature/19
If temperature is lower than preset value/19 microprocessor sends a signal to the actuator…
…to turn heater on
If higher than preset value/19 microprocessor sends a signal to turn heater off
Wait set period of time before looping/process is continuous [4]

10 Three from:
Can act as a web server

Can act as a buffer between internet and LAN
Server passes on requests to the internet
Passes the requested web pages to individual computers
Can cache/store the webpages
Subsequent requests for that/those web page(s) are responded to more quickly
Can be used to monitor internet usage [3]
11 (a) Field
one item of information [1]
name/address/phone number/date of birth/tutor group/student id [1]
File
a collection of records [1]
all the students names, addresses, phone numbers, dates of birth, forms, student ids [1]
Record
A collection of fields [1]
All the information about one student/More than one of: name, address, phone number, date
of birth, tutor group of one student, student ids [1]
(b) Three from:
One mark for:

The key field in a database of student records would be the student id
Two from:
A field which contains unique data
It is used to identify the record
Used to create relationships between tables [3]
12 (a) Range check – two from:

Checks that data lies within a set range
In this database a range check could be performed on the Number_of_passengers or
Ticket_prices fields
Number_of_passengers should be in the range 135 to 375/Ticket_prices have to be in the
range $500 to $1200
Format check – two from:

Checks that data follows a set format
The Flight_number is in a specific format
The Flight_number must be two letters followed by three digits
Length check – two from:

Data must be a specific length – no more no less
Length check could be carried out on Departure_ Airport_Code or Destination_Airport_code,
Departure_ Airport_Code/Destination_Airport_code must be exactly three characters [6]

(b) Text data- Flight_number/Departure_ Airport_Code/Destination_Airport_code [1]

Numeric data - Number_of_passengers/Ticket_prices [1]
13 (a) Four from:
This formula searches for values in the range A1:A6…

…which match the criterion >29
It totals the values…
…in the corresponding cells of the SUM range…
…B1:B6. [4]
(b) >31<35 is not a valid logical test [1]
=SUMIF(D2:D10,">31",F2:F10) [1]
– (minus sign) [1]
SUMIF(D2:D10,">=35",F2:F10) [1]
14 (a) Six from:
Biometric methods use unique data

User ids and passwords can be copied/stolen/forgotten
Cannot copy biometric data
Only the person with particular biometric features can access the network
Anybody who has the password can access a network
Max three from

Fingerprints can be used to identify an individual
Retina scans can be used to identify an individual
Facial characteristics can be used to identify an individual
Voice recognition software can be used to identify an individual [6]
(b) Three from:
The necessary software/equipment is more expensive to purchase

Takes longer to match data
If individual gets ill/background noise can make voice unintelligible to system
With certain illnesses retina scans stop working
Injuries to fingers can cause biometric device to fail to recognise you.
Could be wearing contact lenses which would stop retina scan working [3]

15 Six from:
Advantages
Less likely to trip over cables
Easier to relocate computers
Cheaper as you don’t have to buy cables
Adding devices/computers to network is easier
Disadvantages
Limited area of network
Strength of signal is weaker
Physical obstacles can interfere with signal/can cause disconnection
One mark is available for a reasoned conclusion. [6]
16 (a) Six from:
Computer database is searched for matching departure airport

Computer database is searched for matching arrival airport
If flight on correct date found
Search if seats/tickets available
If so flags seat as booked
Reduces number of seats/tickets available by one
e-ticket details are output
e-ticket details sent by travel agent to customer [6]
(b) Three from:

e.g.:
Theatres
Cinemas
Football clubs/stadia
Holiday booking company [3]
Sound
Spoken introduction by head/voiceover the presentation/background music/school
choir/band/orchestra
Animation
Text effects/cartoon representing school activities
Video
Introduction by head/school play/choir/band/orchestra/sports activities
Hyperlinks
Move to another page in the website [6]

1 1. It minimises the window

2 It reduces the size of the window
3. It closes the window
4. It goes to the home page
5. It goes to favourites/feeds/history/adds to favourites
6. It allows you to search [6]
2
Graph Laser Dot matrix
Application plotter printer printer

Rapid, high quality and high volumes of output [1]
CAD where large printouts are required such [1]

as A0
Industrial environments such as car repair [1]

companies
Printing on multipart forms [1]
Application Storage method
Theatre booking systems Hard disc [1]
Storing photographs in a camera for printing at a later time Flash memory card [1]
The most portable device used to transport data from Pen drive [1]
computer to computer
A disc used to sell music albums without video CD ROM [1]

4
Modelling Control Measurement
Use

The maintaining of growing conditions in [1]

a greenhouse
Simulating car driving [1]
Monitoring the environment [1]
Using what ifs [1]
5 (a) The input device used in flight simulation is a joystick [1]
(b) The type of memory used to store the work that the user is
currently working on is RAM [1]
(c) A medium used to backup data is magnetic tape [1]

FORWARD n
Move n units forward
BACKWARD n
Move n units backward
RIGHT t
Turn right t degrees
LEFT t
Turn left t degrees [6]

Light [1]
(b) Five from:

– Light source placed one side of/outside the beaker
– Light sensor placed other side of/inside the beaker
– Temperature sensor placed inside the beaker
– Sensors connected to the ADC/computer
– Heat source placed below beaker until colour change occurs
– The sensors feed back data to microprocessor/computer
– Data is converted from Analogue to Digital
– Readings are printed out/displayed/ Graphs are automatically produced by computer…
– ...light plotted against temperature/time [5]

8 LAN
Two from:
– LAN is a Local Area Network
– LAN covers a small area/one building
– A school network is a LAN
WAN
Two from:
– WAN is a wide area network
– WAN covers a large geographical area/worldwide
– The Internet is a WAN
– A WAN consists of connected LANs
WLAN
Two from:
– WLAN is a wireless local area network
– Uses wireless technology to transmit data
– Uses Wireless Access Points (WAPs) connected to a wired network [6]
9

Once bought robots do not have to be paid
They have to do less hazardous jobs
They don’t need to lift heavy loads
They can become deskilled
It can lead to unemployment
They work in a cleaner/healthier working environment
They can work whenever they want
They get a massive pay rise
[3]

10 Seven from:
– The customer is asked to type in their PIN
– The ATM checks to see if the card is valid/in date/stolen
– The customer is asked which language/currency they require
– The bank account details are read from the chip
– Customer is asked if they want a receipt
– The typed PIN number is compared with that stored in the chip
– If they are the same the transaction proceeds
– If they are not the same the customer is asked to re-enter PIN
– If three failed attempts transaction rejected and card withheld
– The customer is asked which service is required
– The customer is asked how much money they want to withdraw
– The amount is checked against the card limit
– If transaction is authorised, transaction is completed/if transaction is not authorised,
transaction is rejected
[7]
11 Three from:
– It is a form/type of blog
– Shorter in length than a normal blog
– Consist of short sentences
– Posts are called microposts
– Accessed by subscribers [3]
12 (a) 8 [1]
(b) 5 [1]
(c) E3000 [1]
(d) Computer_type [1]
(e) Format check [1]

Must have one letter … [1]
… followed by 4 digits [1]
(f) Two from:

– Data in RAM can be lost if computer shuts down/volatile
– Data in RAM can be corrupted
– Data in RAM can be accidentally deleted
– RAM is relatively very expensive per unit of memory [2]

13 (a) Interview [1]

Can change questions in light of previous answers/interviewer can detect body language [1]
Questionnaire [1]
Quicker to get every worker’s response/easier to collate responses [1]
Examining documents [1]

Can see exact details of inputs and outputs [1]
(b) Three from:

– Design of data capture forms
– Design of screen layouts
– Design of report layouts
– Design of screen displays
– Design of validation routines
– Design of data/file structures
– Choice of hardware
– Choice of software [3]
(c) Five from:

– User documentation needs to be provided
– This will help people use various features of the new system/so users will know/learn
how to use the system/learn how to deal with errors
– Features such as how to save/print/enter data/troubleshooting/FAQs, etc. need to be
provided
– Technical documentation needs to be provided
– This will help a programmer or systems analyst to upgrade the system
– This will help a programmer or systems analyst to modify the system
– Will contain technical elements such as program listing/flowcharts/lists of variables,
etc. [5]
14 Four from:
– Place/organise in folders
– Sort the emails
– Flag for importance
– Delete from phone
– Delete from server
– Search/filter emails
– Archive emails [4]


A hub
Broadcasts data to all computers/devices in a network
A bridge
Passes data to another network
A switch
Passes data to specific computers/devices in a network
A proxy server
Retrieves web pages and passes them to the computer that requested it/caches web pages [6]
16 Six from:
Advantages
– More portable than PC/laptop
– Can access internet in most places if they are part of a phone plan unlike PC/laptop
– Larger screen area than smartphones
– Carry resources round with them
Disadvantages
– Smaller screen area than laptop/PC
– Touch screen so keyboard can be more difficult to use compared to laptop/PC
– Not as portable as smartphone
– Cannot access internet in as many places if they are not part of a phone plan
– More difficult to produce complex worksheets than PC/laptop [6]
17 Eight from:
– DVDs are used to hold very large files several Gb
– DVDs used to store films/movies
– DVD RWs useful for keeping generations of files
– DVDs discs can be used to store computer data
– DVD ROM used for applications which require the prevention of deletion of data
– DVD ROMs used by software companies for distributing software programs and data
– DVD ROMs used by film/movie distributors
– DVD R used in applications which require a single ‘burning’ of data
– DVD RW used for applications which require the updating of information/record over old
data
– DVDs have between five and ten times the capacity of CDs
– DVD RAM has the same properties as DVD RW but with quicker access
– DVD RAM data can be overwritten more easily
– DVDs are portable/can be transported from one computer to another
– DVD ROMs cannot have data changed [8]

1 Flip
Crop
Resize
Use of word/text wrap
Change of font type/face
Change of font size [6]
2
Modelling Database Word Processing
Use

Writing a letter [1]
Flight simulation [1]
Storing student records in a school [1]
Producing a business card [1]
3
Mainframe Laptop Desktop
Use

Entering data from a Biology survey while [1]

out of school
Massive transactions which need the use of

[1]
many CPUs
Students who need to transport their [1]

computer from home to use in school
Personal use with better performance at [1]

lower cost

4
Parallel Pilot Direct
Company running running changeover

[1]
A company with several branches wishes to

test a new system in one branch only.
A small company that can only afford to [1]

spend a small amount of money on
implementing the new system.
[1]
If the whole system fails, the company wishes

to return to the original existing system.
[1]
A company that wants the quickest method of

implementation.
5 (a) The inbuilt device which moves the cursor when using a laptop is called
a touch pad [1]
(b) The device used for selecting an icon so a bar code label can be
printed in a supermarket is called a touch screen [1]
(c) The device used for controlling a pointer on a screen when the user
has limited motor skills is called a trackerball [1]
FORWARD n/BACKWARD n
Move n units forward/Move n units backward
RIGHT t/LEFT t
Turn right t degrees/Turn left t degrees
REPEAT n
Repeat the following instructions n times
END REPEAT
Finish the REPEAT loop [6]
7 (a) Three from:
Temperature sensor
Light sensor
pH sensor
O2 sensor
CO2 sensor [3]

(b) Two from:
Need to know values in unpolluted part of river

Need to know values in polluted part of river
Need to place sensors in river above factory
Need to place sensors in river below factory [2]
(c) Five from:
The sensors feed back/send data to microprocessor/computer

Data is converted from Analogue to Digital/sent through an ADC
Readings from above the factory are compared with those from below factory…
...by the computer/microprocessor
Differences/results are printed out
Graphs are automatically produced by computer showing values from below and above
factory…
Process is continuous [5]
8 (a) Three from:
To save printing costs of reports

To ensure test results, etc. are received by parents
To allow immediate feedback to parents after tests/exams
To keep parents up to date with child’s progress/targets [3]
(b) User id – in order to identify the user to the system/in order for system to assign privileges [1]
Password – in order to allow access to the system if it matches user name [1]
9 Four from:
Access to the internet
Email address
Router to connect to the internet
Domain name to have own website
Email security software
Web space to create own website
Storage space to save data in the cloud
DNS service to convert URLs to IP addresses
Firewall to block unauthorised traffic [4]

10 (a) C5 [1]
(b) 8 [1]
(c) =b2*c2 [1]
(d) =sum(d2:d6)
Sum() [1]
D2:D6 [1]
(e) Three from:
Easier to modify/change data/variables

The real thing may be impossible to create
You can ask many what if questions which would be impractical in real life
Results are obtained more quickly [3]
11 Three from:
To cause data to be scrambled/encoded

…from being understood if it falls in to the wrong hands
Only user/computer with key can understand data [3]
12 (a) Price – currency/fixed point decimal [1]

Length – integer [1]
(b) Two from:
Set it up as a text field

With drop-down menu/lookup table…
…containing A, B, C and Free
OR
Create/Set up a validation rule

Set parameters to A OR B OR C OR Free [2]

(c) Six from:
Create a query using data in table

Select fields to be printed…
…select Film_name, Director, Price ($) and Length (min)
Set up query design
Length (min) > 110
Save the query
Create report using this query
Insert header/footer
Select appropriate font/font size for heading
Select appropriate font/font size for field names
Select appropriate font/font size for field contents [6]
13 (a)
Word processor
Spreadsheet
Rules base
Search engine
Inference engine
Control software
Knowledge base
Presentation software
[3]
(b) Three from:
Prospecting
Tax
Careers
Chess games
14 (a) Four from:
Users of the current system will be interviewed

Users of the current system will be asked to complete questionnaires
Users of the current system will be observed using the system
Existing documents will be examined
Management will be interviewed
Management will be asked to complete questionnaires [4]

(b) Four from:
Inputs of the current system

Outputs from the current system
Processing in the current system
Problems/limitations with the existing system/improvements required
The user requirements
The information requirements [4]
15 Three from:
Electrocution by touching loose/bare wires/spilling liquids on electrical contacts

Tripping and falling over trailing wires or cables
Physical injury to feet/legs, etc. caused by heavy equipment falling
Fire caused by too many plugs in multisocket and thereby overheating/overheating of
equipment [3]
16 Seven from:
Advantages
No danger of accessing inappropriate information
Relevant information can be found quite quickly
Don’t have to worry about having to have internet connectivity/computer/phone line/modem
Book will be less biased/more reliable as teacher has recommended it
Index makes searching more efficient
Disadvantages
Book has limited amounts of information
Can be slower to find relevant information than using a search engine
Books can go out of date quickly/difficult to update a book
Books don’t have multimedia to help explain information
Easier to detect plagiarism
A mark is available for a reasoned conclusion [7]
17 Three from:
It is possible to prevent employees accessing undesirable websites

They can ensure that available information is specific to their needs
It is easier to make sure confidential messages stay within the company
There is less chance of company computers being hacked [3]
18 Three from:
In case original data is accidentally deleted

In case data is maliciously deleted
In case original data is corrupted
To recover a previous version of a file [3]

19 Three from:
Putting wheels on cars

Painting car bodies
Welding parts on a car body
Carrying car windscreens/doors
Moving goods in an automatic warehouse
Placing engine block into body
Installing transmission system [3]

1 Six from:
Indent
Bold
Subscript
Superscript
Underline
Text highlight
Italic
Fully justified
Border [6]
2
Web cam Keyboard Scanner
Use

Applications where text has to be created

[1]
rather than copied
Inputting hard copy documents directly into a

[1]
computer
Inputting moving pictures from a fixed

[1]
position into a computer
Entering text into a word processing

[1]
document
3 MICR –
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition/Reader [1]
Used for processing bank cheques/Reads the characters at the bottom of bank cheques [1]
OMR –
Optical Mark Recognition/Reader/position of pencil/pen marks are read by scanner/Reader [1]
Used for processing exam papers/school registers/lottery/multiple choice questionnaires/positions
of marks identified on exam papers/school registers/lottery/multiple choice questionnaires [1]
4
Text
Numeric Date
(alphanumeric)

A student’s name [1]
How many times a student has been late to

[1]
a lesson
The amount of money it costs to travel to

[1]
school
When the end of term is [1]

5 (a) The software used to find information on the internet is a search engine [1]
(b) The software which is a component of an expert system is an inference engine [1]
(c) The type of software used to create financial models is a spreadsheet [1]
6 Three from:
Is a means of identifying yourself to a system

Something you know such as PIN/password
Something belonging to you such as a bank card
Something unique about you such as a biometric feature [3]
7 Three from:
It might lead to double booking

Customer would not be sure booking has been successful
Would take a long time to receive confirmation/ticket
Processing would take a long time which would cost company money [3]
8 Move n units forward [1]
Repeat the following instructions n times [1]
Turn left t degrees [1]
Turn right t degrees [1]
Lift the pen [1]
Lower the pen [1]

Time [1]
(b) Five from:
The sensor feeds back data to computer

Data is converted from Analogue to Digital
Readings are stored in a spreadsheet/software package
Graphs are automatically produced by computer…
Calculations performed on spreadsheet to show rate of cooling
Graphs examined to see general overview of rate of cooling [5]

10 Four from:
WiFi technology enables local area network…

… and Internet connections
Using WiFi, a laptop or desktop computer can connect to a network's wireless router
Bluetooth connects two devices together
Usually Bluetooth peripherals are powered by batteries that need to be charged or replaced
WiFi covers a larger distance than Bluetooth
WiFi requires more than ten times more bandwidth than Bluetooth [4]
11 Six from:
Optical discs such as CDs DVDs and Blu-ray discs…

…are read from and written to using a laser beam
Magnetic disks are read from and written to using read/write heads
Optical discs are more portable
Magnetic disks are more likely to spike
Optical discs are cheaper to buy
Magnetic disks store more data
Optical discs have slower access times
Optical discs have slower transfer rates
Optical discs can be more easily lost/stolen
Optical discs can be more easily scratched
Both store videos, music
Both use direct access [6]
12 Six from:

Fewer staff needed – less spent on wages
Fewer shops needed – less spent on rates/rent/utilities
Potentially larger customer base
Less customer loyalty/loss of customers/more difficult to sell other services/products due to lack
of personal touch
Greater costs due to more delivery staff/vans [6]
13 (a) Three matched pairs:
Interview
Manager
Questionnaire
Drivers
Observation
Secretaries [6]

(b) Three from:
Data type for each field

Appropriate field names
Validation rules
Field lengths
Field descriptions [3]
14 (a) Four from:
Tests to see whether the condition A1>12 is true or false

If the condition A1>12 is true the function will return “strong”
If the condition A1>12 is false, the function will test if A1>6 is true or false
If the condition A1>6 is true the function will return “medium”
If the condition A1>6 is false the function will return “weak” [4]
(b) Should be A1<=6 [1]

Should be A1<=12 [1]
Should be “strong” (second speech mark missing) [1]
Should be two right-hand brackets [1]
(c) Three from:
Simulations
Mathematical models
Civil engineering models
Flight/pilot simulation/training
Design of fairground rides
Traffic control
Building fire simulation
Weather forecast models
Population modelling [3]
15 (a) Four from:
Can use the final part of a URL to identify reliability

.ac, .gov, .org are usually fairly reliable
If information matches that from reliable sites or reliable/authenticated text books
If responsible bodies have endorsed the site information will be reliable
If it has links to other reliable sites then information will be reliable
If site has testimonials it is likely to be reliable
If the author’s credentials are good it is likely to be reliable [4]
(b) Three from:

If it has links to other unreliable sites it could be unreliable [3]

(c) Four from:
An intranet is a computer network

Exists usually within one organisation/school
Meets the internal needs of an organisation/school
Can be expanded to become an extranet
Intranet is private
Data found in an intranet is likely to be more relevant to the students’ needs [4]
16 Four from:
Easy to keep in immediate contact with friends/make new friends

Easy to communicate to more than one friend/to communicate with people overseas
Can search for people who you’ve fallen out of touch with
Easy to arrange meetings/visits to cinemas/theatre
Can share photographs/videos/images/opinions/views [4]
Headaches/eyestrain
From staring at screen continuously
RSI in fingers
From continual typing/repetitive clicking of mouse
RSI in wrists
From repetitive clicking of mouse/continual typing
Backache
From sitting in same position all day [6]
18

A wiki is an example of a spreadsheet.
A wiki is quicker to search than a database.
Wiki entries are in chronological order.
A wiki can have several contributors. [1]
Wikis are always a reliable source of information.
Wikis can be edited using a web browser. [1]
Anybody can create a wiki. [1]
Wikis never contain hyperlinks.

1 (a) PC/desktop [1]
(b) Laptop [1]
(c) Tablet [1]
(d) Smartphone [1]
2
CLI GUI
() ()
Instructions have to be typed.
Applications are represented by icons.
Options are chosen from a menu.
Many instructions have to be memorised.
4 correct answers – 2 marks

2 or 3 correct answers – 1 mark
1 correct – 0 marks [2]
3
TRUE FALSE
() ()
A multimedia projector is used to output

slide shows.
A laser printer is a type of page printer.
An inkjet printer cartridge lasts longer than

a laser printer toner cartridge producing
the same output.
A dot matrix printer produces very high

quality printouts quickly.


4 (a) job sharing [1]
(b) part-time working [1]
(c) working flexible hours [1]
(d) working compressed hours [1]
5 Any four from:
Know how to block and report unwanted users,

Never arrange to meet anyone alone
Always tell an adult first when arranging to meet someone
Always meet in a public place
Avoid inappropriate disclosure of personal data/set privacy settings/Avoid giving email address or
phone number when chatting
Avoid inappropriate disclosure of your own name/Avoid giving your full name
Avoid giving your address
Avoid giving your school name
Avoid displaying a picture in school uniform
Do not display pictures taken at home/Do not display pictures taken of the school with the name
attached/Do not send pictures/videos of yourself to strangers
Ensure that the person you are befriending has very secure privacy settings
Check profiles before contacting people
Verify person’s contact details with other trusted people/friends [4]
6 Good example of a strong password – (1 mark)
Good example of a weak password – (1 mark)
Any two from:
Weak password is easy to guess/strong password is difficult to guess

Weak passwords consist of all letters or all digits or all digits with one letter/all letters with one
digit
Weak password is one that has few characters
Strong password uses mixture of upper case letters, digits and punctuation marks
Weak password has repeated characters
Weak password has characters next to each other on a QWERTY keyboard
Weak passwords are ones that are similar to the user name
Weak passwords are passwords that relate to the user [4]

7 Any four from:
Destination B is input by driver

Position of motor vehicle at A is calculated using GPS…
…using data transmitted from 3/4 satellites
Algorithm calculates shortest distance from A to B (going through C)
Algorithm calculates distance from A to B not going through C
Makes allowances for traffic in town C
Takes into account average road speeds…
…using traffic/speed sensors on roads
Takes into account regular updates of traffic conditions
Takes into account max. speed on the road/type of road [4]
8 Any four from:
Router
The network software in the original computer determines that the destination computer is on a
different network...
...using IP addresses
Data is sent to the switch/hub and then passed to router
the router then passes it to the router of the other network
that router passes it to the switch/hub…
…to the destination computer
Bridge
The computer sends the data to the bridge via the hub/switch…
...using MAC addresses
if the protocol/MAC address is same, bridge passes data to the other network
Bridge passes it to the switch/hub…
…to destination computer with correct MAC address [4]
9 (a) Any two from:
Both involve you being assigned a fax (phone) number

Both can involve use of a hard copy original
Both require the use of a phone line [2]
(b) Any three from:
Physical faxing requires purchase of a fax machine/electronic faxing requires use/purchase

of a computer/scanner
Physical faxes can be picked up by anyone/electronic faxing goes straight to your email
address
Physical faxes – phone-line could be busy/engaged – electronic faxes – phone line never
registers as busy/engaged
Physical faxes – must have paper and can get paper jams
Electronic fax is quicker to arrive than physical [3]

10 (a) Any three from:
Name
Passport number
Date of birth
Place of birth
Nationality
Issue date
Expiry date
Facial characteristics/photograph/fingerprint/retina scan
Biometric measurements (face)
Signature
Gender
Place of issue [3]
(b) Any three from:

The chip is presented near a computer with a radio-frequency scanner
The scanning antenna puts out radio-frequency signals in a relatively short range.
It provides a means of communicating with the transponder/the RFID tag
The scanning device provides energy…
…so that the chips can broadcast the information in them…
…for the computer to read. [3]
(c) Any two from:
More secure than a traditional passport as biometric measurement data difficult to forge
Counterfeits can be more easily identified than non-RFID passports
More rapid flow at security check points/quicker than reading it manually [2]
11 (a) Appropriate spacing for each field (1 mark)

Forward/backward buttons/save (submit) - must have at least two navigation aids. (1 mark)
Candidate attempts for information to fill the page AND is clearly a screen form (1 mark)
All six of the given fields – 3 marks

Five of the given fields – 2 marks
Four of the given fields – 1 mark
Each additional field other than those given minus 1 mark, to a mark of zero of fields [6]
(b) (i) format/picture check

must consist of one letter, three digits, space, three letters [2]
(ii) range check

must be >=140 and <=180 [2]
(c) Engine_size > 1.4 OR Parking_sensors = “Y”
1 mark for Engine_size

1 mark for > 1.4
1 mark for Parking_sensors
1 mark for = “Y”
1 mark for OR [5]

(d) K674 TUV

R123 AZN
U283 BBV
K943 SCG
2 marks is all four registrations are shown and correct.

1 mark if all five registrations shown [2]
12 (a) B4*C4 [1]
(b) =$B$1*D4 or =D4*$B$1 or =B$1*D4 or =D4*B$1
1 mark for B1
1 mark for correct absolute referencing B$1 or $B$1
1 mark for *D4 or D4*
Minus 1 mark per incorrect or added operator [3]
(c) Any three from:
When formulae are replicated/copied/dragged down/fill down…

…some cell references must remain unchanged
If it wasn’t used when the formula in E4 was replicated down it would multiply by B2, B3 etc.
These cells are either blank or contain values not equal to 25%/need to be 25% [3]
(d) SUM(F4:F8) [1]
13 (a) Any two from:
HyperText Transfer Protocol

HTTP is a communication protocol used on the internet to allow communication between two
computers (devices)
HTTP is an application protocol/set of rules
HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web [2]
(b) Any two from:
HTTP is not secure/HTTPS is secure…

…uses SSL/HTTP does not use SSL
HTTPS transmits data over the internet in an encrypted form/HTTP transmits data over the
internet in an unencrypted form
HTTPS requires additional processing power in its servers which could result in slowdown of
responses [2]

14 Any four from:
Computer might be infected with spyware detecting key presses which slows down data transfer
speeds over the internet
Computer might be infected with viruses taking up memory and limiting bandwidth.
If the computer’s memory is close to full, data transfer speed over the internet can slow down
considerably
The search might be too general giving irrelevant information as well as relevant information
Search providers add targeted marketing adverts from companies to the search results/ your
search results are gathered to target further marketing/advertising [4]
15 .txt is a text (file) used by a variety of text editors (1 mark)
.rtf is rich text (format) for a rich text file that is readable by most word processing software
(1 mark)
Any three from:
RTF has many more features than TXT.

RTF is capable of basic font formatting while TXT isn’t.
RTF is capable of paragraph formatting while TXT isn’t.
RTF is capable of creating bulleted lists while TXT isn’t.
RTF files can include images while TXT cannot.
.TXT takes up less memory [5]
16 Any five from:
Change the font type to make it more informal/appealing

Change the font size bigger
Simplify the language
Make the heading centred
Make the font size for the heading larger than the body text
Add interesting/relevant images
Bold/underline/highlight/italicised keywords
Bold/underline/highlight headings
Line spacing after paragraphs/in paragraphs
Colour text to emphasise keywords/headings
Change the existing border to a more interesting/relevant border [5]
17 Stage 1 reflected through the Y axis (1 mark)
Stage 2 rotated through 90° (clockwise) about the origin (1 mark)
Stage 3 reflected about the Y axis (1 mark)

Filled with black colour (1 mark) [4]

18 Any four from:
When you want to apply different formatting in the same page without disrupting the formatting of
the whole page.
When you want to use columns in a page, and have different amounts of columns on the same
page.
When you want to use a heading across the whole page but the text below is in several columns.
When you don't want headers on pages with a title, but you do want them on other pages.
If you didn't have them, each page would have the same header.
To enable page orientation to change between 2 pages. [4]
19 To be marked as a level of response:
Level 3 (7–8 marks)

Candidates will address both aspects of the statement and discuss/consider greater security but
also possible lack of security.
The issues raised will be justified. There must be a reasoned conclusion.
The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and coherent
format.

Candidates will address both aspects of the statement and discuss/consider greater security but
also possible lack of security although development of some of the points will be limited to one
side of the argument.
There may be a conclusion.
For the most part the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent
format.

Candidates may only address one aspect of the statement or give reasons why there is greater
security but also possible lack of security
Answers may be simplistic with little relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)
Response with no valid content [8]
Examples of more secure:

Data more difficult to copy
Larger amount of information can be stored
Disabled people find it easier than signing
Reduces disputes at checkouts over validity of signature/Saves time at checkouts
Not affected by magnetic fields
Even when the card is stolen, the thief still needs the PIN, so it is much safer
Magnetic stripe reader had to be in a fixed location.
If the transaction did not take place near a terminal (in a restaurant, for example) the card had to
be taken away from the customer to the card machine.
It was easily possible for a dishonest employee to swipe the card surreptitiously through a cheap
machine...
...which would take a couple of seconds to record the information on the card and stripe
Even at the terminal, the criminal could bend down in front of the customer and swipe the card on
a hidden reader.
Illegal cloning of cards easy, and a common occurrence.
only the magnetic stripe can be copied, and a copied card cannot be used on a PIN terminal

The introduction of chip and PIN coincided with wireless data communications technology
becoming inexpensive and widespread
Wireless PIN pads were introduced that could be brought to the customer and used without the
card ever being out of sight
However, this would have been possible, had the technology been available, with magnetic stripe
cards
Chip and PIN and wireless together reduce the risk of cloning of cards by brief swiping.
Examples of not always secure because:

Cards can still be cloned
People can be careless when using their PIN.
Credit and debit card fraud has gone down with chip and pin
ATM fraud has gone up.
Hidden cameras sometimes are used to see which keys are pressed for the PIN.
The advent of chip and pin has also generated a rise in phishing

1 (a) RFID reader [1]
(b) Optical Character Reader [1]
(c) Chip reader [1]
(d) Magnetic stripe reader [1]
2
applications systems
() ()
Word processing
Compilers
Interpreters
Spreadsheet

3
TRUE FALSE
() ()
Most modern laptop computers have webcams built in
Desktop computers are not very portable
All desktop computers have a touchpad built in
Laptop computers are rarely supplied with a mouse.

4 (a) Phishing [1]
(b) Pharming [1]
(c) Spam [1]
(d) Smishing [1]

5 Four from:
Information must be processed fairly and lawfully

Information collected must be processed for limited purposes
Information collected must be adequate, relevant and not excessive
Information collected must be accurate and up to date
Information must not be held for longer than is necessary
Information must be processed in accordance with the individual’s rights
Information should not be transferred outside the area of the Act unless adequate levels of
protection exist. [4]
6 Four descriptions from:
Phone call
Text message
Email
Social network site
Blog/microblog
Video call [4]
7 (a) Two from:
Payroll workers
Typing pool workers
Car production workers
Checkout operators
Bank workers [2]
(b) Two from:
Website designers
Computer programmers
Delivery drivers in retail stores
Computer maintenance staff
Robot maintenance staff [2]
8 Four from:
Stores IP addresses
IP address is a unique identifier set up by network manager/ISP
Can change but should match the network it’s on
IP address consists of 4 numbers separated by full stops
Stores MAC addresses
6 pairs of hexadecimal digits
MAC address is usually hard coded by manufacturer, never changes [4]

9 (a) Three from:
Encrypting the password

Ask for memorable information, such as mother's maiden name
Changing passwords very regularly
Use TANs
Only being asked for or providing a limited number of characters from the password
Twin factor authentication [3]
(b) Three from:
Save travelling expenses

Saves time travelling/queuing
Elderly/disabled people don't have to travel
No embarrassment having to ask for loans face to face
Can bank when banks are closed
Use it anywhere there's an internet connection [3]
10 (a) The car registration number [1]
(b) Two from:
Car owner's name

Car driver's name
Height of vehicle
Colour of vehicle
Credit/debit card details
Make of car/model of car
Length of vehicle [2]
(c) Two from:
As the car arrives a camera takes a snapshot of the number plate as an image
Stores it in a file
Software identifies where number plate is in image and crops that part of the image
The OCR software converts the registration number to numbers/letters [2]
(d) Three from:
The number plate is compared…

…with those stored on the customer file
When a matching record is found
The name of the customer is read
The name is merged into the message
And a signal is sent to screen to display the appropriate part of the message [3]

11 (a) Price… – 1 mark

…descending order – 1 mark [2]
(b) Year_released… – 1 mark

…ascending order – 1 mark [2]
(c) Year_released<2010 AND Price<8.99
Year_released – 1 mark
<2010 – 1 mark
AND – 1 mark
Price – 1 mark
<8.99 – 1 mark [5]
(d) Erasure, Jimmy Smith
1 mark if only one of these given

Minus 1 for each additional artist, to a mark of zero [2]
12 (a) Six from;
As it stands the form is not fit for purpose.

On the one hand:
The fields which require completion are all included.
Fields are clearly labelled
The space allowed for data entry is more than adequate
On the other hand the form could be improved by having:
Appropriate space for each field
Screen more spread out
Larger font for field names
Drop down list for Number of adults, Number of children, Number of infants (1 mark each,
2 max.)
Drop down list for date of return/date of departure
Drop down list for Class
Separate drop down lists for dd/mm/yyyy
Navigation buttons could be included to move between records
Drop down list for Number of adults, Number of children, Number of infants (1 mark each,
2 max.) [6]
(b) Three from:
A format check ensures that data is in a specific format…

…such as two digits for day, two digits for month and four digits for year
In the table above the date would be rejected by this check as it has one digit for the month
in one example two in the other
In the table above the date would be rejected by this check as it has two digits for the day in
one example and one in the other [3]

13 (a) Two from:
A URL is a Uniform Resource Locator

Is the unique address for a file that is accessible on the Internet
It consists of a protocol usually http or https
Then a domain name that identifies a specific computer on the Internet
Then a pathname that specifies the location of a file in that computer. [2]
(b) Three from:
http://www.cie.org.uk/gcseict/giraffe.htm
When the giraffe image is clicked on
The user would be redirected to the part of the CIE website
This website contains the giraffe web page [3]
14 Three from:
Used advanced searches

Use Boolean operands…
…use + and – to limit results to only key words
Use speech marks around key phrases
Use the specific web address [3]
15 Generic file formats are those that when files are saved in that format they can be used in
different types of application software – 1 mark
Three from:
A .txt file can be imported into any text editor/ word processing/DTP package
A .csv file can be imported into any spreadsheet
A .jpg/.gif/.png file can be used in most bitmap image editing software
A .pdf can be used in any document format reader
A .rtf can be used in any word processor and retains some formatting
A .css can be opened in any text editor
A .htm can be opened by any web browser [4]
16 Four from:
The letter will be more personal/can have the member’s name on it

The letter will be of better quality and look more professional
Easier to target team members of specific sports
Easier to identify how many letters to print
Address labels are easier to produce using the data from the database [4]

17 (a) (i) Host nations/Venues/Country [1]
(ii) Number of times hosted [1]
(iii) The number of times Countries that have hosted the Commonwealth Games [1]
(b) Bar/column chart [1]
Content layer
Content can consist of text or images [2]
Presentation layer
This layer is defined by the CSS or styles to indicate how elements are displayed [2]
Behaviour layer
This layer of a Web page allows interaction [2]


Candidates will describe in detail the reliability and unreliability of at least two methods of
preventing unauthorised access to data.
Examples will be given and will be appropriate.
format.
Specialist terms will be used correctly and appropriately.

Candidates will describe the reliability or otherwise of methods of preventing unauthorised access
to data.
For the most part, the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent
format.
Examples will be given and will be mostly appropriate.
Specialist terms will be used appropriately and for the most part correctly.

Candidates will identify some of the methods of preventing unauthorised access to data.
Answers may be in the form of a list.
There will be little or no use of specialist terms.
Errors of grammar, punctuation and spelling may be intrusive.
Level 0 [0 marks]
Response with no valid content
Examples of reliability of methods

User id and Password will…
…prevent users who do not know the password from gaining access
…will reject users who try to guess passwords (usually after 3 attempts)
Strong passwords using a mixture of alphabetic, alphanumeric and special characters…
…will be difficult to guess
Biometrics are unique and are almost impossible to duplicate…
…only the user who has those characteristics can access the laptop
Using biometrics means that passwords don’t have to be remembered
Laptops can now come with fingerprint scanner
Laptops can have built in retina identification
Examples of lack of reliability

Strong passwords can be difficult to remember
…can be easily forgotten
…can be easily disclosed to any user
Software for retina scan can malfunction
User can have fingerprints affected by injury/cut on a finger
Laptops with this technology tend to cost more
Low cost fingerprint technology tends to be inaccurate
Fingerprints can be copied by expert thieves [8]
20 Each paragraph has been indented on the first line [1]

Each occurrence of Cambridge Primary has been emboldened [1]
The line spacing has been increased [1]
The text has been fully justified [1]

1 (a) Touchpad [1]
(b) Joystick/trackerball [1]
(c) Keyboard [1]
(d) scanner [1]
2
TRUE FALSE
() ()
A mouse is an output device
The Control Unit is part of the Central Processing Unit
The Arithmetic and Logic Unit is part of the Central

Processing Unit
A temperature sensor is an input device

3
Internet Intranet
() ()
A public computer network
It is easier to protect sensitive data from hackers
The content is more easily controlled
Exists within a single organisation only


4 (a) a (computer) virus [1]
(b) encryption [1]
(c) https/SSL/TLS [1]
(d) a digital certificate [1]
5 Four from:
Use a spam filter/anti-spam software

Do not reply to spam/suspicious messages
Do not click on any links/attachments in a spam/suspicious message
Use a disposable email address
Use a complex email user name
Do not give out your email address online/do not register using email on untrusted websites/opt
out of marketing
Read messages as text
Do not use your email address as an online username
Changing to an email provider who filter spam [4]
6 (a) A WLAN [1]
(b) (i) A (Wireless) Access Point/wireless node [1]
(ii) It is connected to a switch/hub [1]
(c) Can get interference from another radio signal/speed of data transmission can be slower
Other valid answers like physical obstacles/walls [1]
7 (a) Two from:
Voice over Internet Protocol

A set of rules that enable people to use the Internet to make telephone calls/talk each other
Sends voice data in packets using IP [2]
(b) Two from:
Microphone
Speakers/headphones
Headset [2]

8 Two from:

Can lead to laziness
Lack of fitness/exercise
Manual household skills are lost [2]
9 (a) Four from:
The bank account details are read from the chip

The (ATM) checks to see if the card is valid
The customer is asked which language/currency they require
The customer is asked to type in their PIN
The typed PIN number is compared with that stored in the chip…
…if they are the same the transaction proceeds
…if they are not the same the customer is asked to re-enter PIN
If three failed attempts transaction rejected and card withheld
The customer is asked which service is required
Customer is asked if they want a printed balance/onscreen balance
If yes, signal sent to print balance/message sent to screen giving balance
The customer is asked if further services are required [4]
(b) Three from:
Checks whether card is stolen/account number exists

Customer account number is searched
Balance field is read/is calculated
Message sent to ATM giving balance [3]
10 (a) (i) Account number [1]

Bank/branch sort code [1]
Cheque number [1]
(ii) Three from:
Requires a special Magnetic Ink Character reader/scanner/Details are scanned

The magnetic ink on the cheque passes over a magnet in the reader/scanner which
charges/magnetises the ink
The MICR reader/scanner then reads the magnetic signal given out by the magnetic ink
characters on the cheque.
Each character produces a unique signal which is read and translated by the MIC reader
[3]
(b) Two from:
More difficult to forge

Even if overwritten/damaged can still be read by computer
Information is human readable [2]

11 Three matched triples from:
Direct changeover [1]

New system replaces existing system immediately/overnight [1]
A small organisation which can afford to lose data/where system needs to be up and running
very quickly/where the new system has been thoroughly tested [1]
Parallel running [1]

New system runs alongside/together with existing system [1]
An organisation with large amounts of data which would take too long to re-enter / cannot
afford to lose data/where time taken/cost to implement is not an issue/where the new system
needs to be thoroughly tested [1]
Phased implementation [1]

New system is implemented part by part [1]
An organisation where there are clearly defined separate processes/where the new system
needs to be thoroughly tested [1]
Pilot running [1]

(Whole) system is implemented in one branch/one office (at a time) [1]
An organisation where there are several branches all doing the same work)/where the new
system needs to be thoroughly tested [1]
[9 max]
12 (a)
Name Text/alphanumeric [1]
Studentid Text/alphanumeric [1],[1]
Gender Boolean [1]
Height Integer [1]
Staying on/Leaving Boolean/Logical [1],[1]
(b) Two matched pairs:
Gender
M for male, F for female
Staying on to 6th form /Leaving

S/6 for Staying on to 6th form, L for Leaving [4]
(c) Studentid… – 1 mark

…Ascending – 1 mark [2]

13 FTP
File Transfer Protocol/is used to transfer files from one computer to another (1 mark)
Differences
Three from:
HTTP is used to access the world wide web/web sites
FTP is used to download from file servers whereas http is used to download from web servers
FTP – files are transferred from one device to another and copied into memory
HTTP transfers the contents of a web page into a browser for viewing.
FTP upload is used in cases when the file size is very large
HTTP upload is used for smaller files. [4]
14 (a) Three from:
Looks through the (contents of cells) H4 to H24

See if they are equal to (the contents of cell) B4/’AF’
It totals the contents of the corresponding cells from I4 to I24
Produces the result 65 [3]
(b) =SUMIF($H$4:$H$24,B8,$I$4:$I$24)
= SUMIF($H$4:$H$24, – 1 mark
B8, – 1 mark
$I$4:$I$24) – 1 mark [3]
(c) =COUNT(I4:I24)
COUNT – 1 mark
(I4:I24) – 1 mark
OR
=COUNTA(I4:I24)
COUNTA – 1 mark
(I4:I24) – 1 mark [2]

15 Six from:
avoid using information from sites that have excessive advertising

avoid using sites where the information from sites where advertising is related only to its own
products…
avoid sites where the date of the last update was a long time ago…
avoid using wikis/sites which the user can edit
avoid using blogs/sites which are clearly the owner’s point of view/social networking sites
Avoid using sites which have grammatical/spelling mistakes
Don’t just rely on using first website you come to in the results of using a search engine
use information from sites where responsible bodies have endorsed the site/sites which have
links to other reliable sites/sites which have testimonials
use sites where the author’s credentials are good
use sites which have .ac… , .gov, .edu as the final part of the URL/only use
government/academic sites
Compare information from different sites/ reliable/authenticated text books to see if the results are
similar
Ask teachers for advice on a site
In order to obtain full marks candidates must have at least one mention of things they should do
and things they should avoid doing [6]
16 (a) .txt
Two from:
Text file with very little/no formatting/used by a variety of text editors
Can be opened by any software package that reads text/generic text format
Any formatting is lost when saved [2]
(b) .gif
Two from:
Graphic interchange format
Bitmap graphic format/GIF files use data compression to reduce the file size
Image format that will allow still or moving images to be stored [2]
(c) .pdf
Two from:
Portable document format
Makes it possible to display text and graphics in the same fixed layout on any computer
screen
Reduces file size of read only document for transmission [2]

17 Five from:
In h1 colour should be color

In h1 sans serif should be sans-serif
In h1 18 px should be 18px (no space)
In h2 color: 000000 should be color: #000000/color: #000
In h2 Times New Roman should be “Times New Roman”/’Times New Roman’
In h2 centre should be center [5]

Candidates will describe in detail at least two types of user interface
Detailed reasons why a keyboard is used with CLI systems will be given
Detailed reasons why pointing devices are used with GUI systems
Detailed reasons why different input devices relating to other different types of user interface are
used may be given
Descriptions of different types of pointing device
format
Specialist terms will be used correctly and appropriately

Candidates will describe at least two types of user interface
Reasons why a keyboard is used with CLI systems will be given
Reasons why pointing devices are used with GUI systems
Reasons why different input devices relating to different types of user interface are used may be
given
Different types of pointing device will be listed
format
Examples will be given and will be mostly appropriate
Specialist terms will be used appropriately and for the most part correctly

Candidates will identify at least one user interface
Input devices may be in the form of a list
There will be little or no use of specialist terms
Errors of grammar, punctuation and spelling may be intrusive
Level 0 (0 marks)
Examples
Command Line Interface

With a CLI Instructions must be typed to get a computer to carry out an action
keyboard is used to type
Typing is key component of CLI
With CLI syntax has to be precise
Devices other than a keyboard would be less accurate when entering text

Graphical User Interface

With a GUI icons represent applications
Separate windows are used for different pieces of work/software
With a GUI menus are offered to help choose an action
Moving a mouse enables users to manoeuvre a pointer around a screen
A mouse can be used to drag windows/icons around a screen
People with physical disabilities can use a trackerball to manoeuvre the pointer around a screen
Pointing devices are easier to control a pointer/menu selection/icon clicking
Joysticks can be used to mimic the behaviour of a mouse
Buttons on the mouse enable users to select icons
Buttons on a mouse enable users to see menus on a screen
Touchscreen can be used to directly select options from a screen [8]

1 (a) Keyboard [1]
(b) Mouse [1]
(c) Temperature sensor [1]
(d) Joystick [1]
2
Email Fax
() ()
Transmission of messages is relatively slow
When received can be edited using a word processor
Can have attached sound files
The message is basically an image

3
TRUE FALSE
() ()
WLAN stands for Wide Local Area Network
A WAN often requires the use of a router
The internet is a WAN
A LAN usually covers a smaller area than a WAN

4 (a) Normal data [1]
(b) Abnormal data [1]
(c) Extreme data [1]
(d) Live data [1]

5 Four from:
Air flight tickets

Theatre tickets
Holiday booking
Cinema tickets
Rail tickets
Hotel room booking
Restaurant table/seat booking
Football match booking
Concert/performance booking [4]
6 Four from:
Microprocessor controlled devices do much of the housework

Can encourage a healthy lifestyle because of smart fridges analysing food constituents
Do not have to leave home to get fit [4]
7 (a) As well as the recipient this sends a copy of the email to the email addresses listed after
cc [1]
(b) bcc is the same as cc except that the recipient is unaware that copies have been sent [1]
(c) This sends a message that has been received to another email address [1]
(d) This is a group of email addresses that are given a group name so that the sender only
needs to type in one name to send an email to several recipients at once [1]
(e) A file that is sent attached to/with the email [1]

8 (a) Three from:
The books database is searched to find the accession number

The fingerprint scan is converted into digital data patterns
The computer then maps points on the fingerprints and uses those points…
…to search for similar patterns in the (borrower) database.
Matching record is found
The membership number is retrieved
Record is checked to see if number of books allowed is not exceeded/are fines due?
The membership number is written to the file against the accession number in the books
database
The accession number is written against membership number in the borrower file. [3]
(b) Two from:
Accession number is compared with those on book file

Matching record is found
Record is flagged as returned/changed to returned
The accession number is deleted against membership number in the borrower file/borrower
is recorded as having borrowed one less book
Computer calculates if book has been returned overdue [2]
9 (a) Two from:
Sort code
Account/bank card number
3 digits from password/passcode
Memorable date/mother’s maiden name/favourite place/answer to security question/place
born
Date of birth [2]
(b) Three from:
Transfer money to a different account

Pay bills
Amend/create standing orders/direct debits
Order a new PIN
Stop a cheque
Can ask about recent/pending transactions
Can apply for a loan
Can check account balances
Can transfer funds between accounts
Can amend personal details [3]

10 (a) Two from:
Student id number/prompts for student number

date of birth
student name
Instructions on how to complete the form
Question numbers
Centre number
Centre name [2]
(b) Three from:
Dedicated scanner device shines a beam of light onto the form

Light is reflected back to sensors
Marks reflect less light so sensors used to identify position of marks
Computer compares these with correct answer positions [3]
(c) Three from:
If the marks don't fill the space completely they may not be read correctly/overfill the
space/smudged
If the marks are not in a dark enough pencil they may not be read correctly
If more than one lozenge shaded in result is invalidated
Only suitable for recording one out of a selection of answers, not suitable for text input
Have to use prepared forms which may be expensive
Examinations could consist of mainly multiple-choice questions changing the nature of what
is being tested [3]
11 (a) Two from:
Use a check digit

Single digit calculated from other digits appended to these,
Computer carries out fresh calculation on digits and compares answer with original check
digit. [2]
(b) Limit check/range check – 1 mark

Reorder_level <=100 – 1 mark
He probably omitted/forgot the = sign – 1 mark [3]
(c) Use a format check – 1 mark

Supplier_code should be 2 letters followed by 3 digits – 1 mark [2]
(d) Barcode – text/alphanumeric [1]

Supplier_code – text/alphanumeric [1]
Contents – text/alphanumeric [1]
Price – (number), currency [1]
Reorder_level – (number), integer [1]
Weight – (number), decimal [1]

12 (a) =Countif(B$2:B$23,D5)
Countif – 1 mark
(B2: – 1 mark
B23, – 1 mark
Absolute referencing – 1 mark
D5) – 1 mark [5]
(b) A24 – 1 mark

B24 – 1 mark
D15 – 1 mark [3]
13 Internet Service Provider/provides Internet access – 1 mark
Two from:
Often offers web space to create own website

Provides email address
Router to connect to the internet
Domain name to have own website
Storage space to save data in the cloud
DNS service to convert URLs to IP addresses [3]
14 Six from:
Internet is not policed so information is not necessarily reliable

Anybody can have a website so information is not necessarily reliable
Anybody can publish their understanding of a topic so information is not necessarily reliable
The final part of a URL can help to identify reliability…
… .ac…, .gov, .org government/academic sites are usually fairly reliable
If site is endorsed by reliable/reputable people/organisations it can be accepted as being
reliable/If it has links to other reliable sites/ sites which have testimonials it is usually reliable/If it
has testimonials it is likely to be reliable
If the author’s credentials are good it is likely to be reliable
If information is comparable to information from reliable/authenticated text books it is likely to be
reliable
Sites which have grammatical/spelling mistakes are likely to be unreliable
Compare information from different sites/text books to see if the results are similar
If it has been recommended by teachers it is likely to be reliable [6]
15 (a) Jpeg –
Joint photographics experts group – 1 mark

Commonly used for lossy compression for digital images/Used for complex
images/photographs/used for saving storage space/used for increasing transmission
speed/reduced download time (particularly with web pages) – 1 mark [2]

(b) Png
Portable network graphics/raster graphics file format – 1 mark

Uses lossless data compression/Used for transferring logos or images with no colour
gradient – 1 mark [2]
16 The shape has been filled with black/dark colour – 1 mark

It’s height has been increased whilst leaving the width as the original – 1 mark
It has been rotated through 180°/reflected about the base – 1 mark [3]
17 Six from:
Missing </a> on fourth line

Missing </td> on fourth line
Missing a in <href> on sixth line
. instead of : after mailto
, instead of ? in front of subject
Extra > in subject line of email
<a> instead of </a> on eighth line [6]
18 Six from:
Make images more mature

Make font type more appropriate
Plain background
Insert a heading
Make language more appropriate
Include slide numbers
Consistency of display through use of master slide
Images not overlapping with the text [6]


Candidates will address both aspects of the question and discuss/consider different
advantages/disadvantages.
The issues raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned conclusion.
format.
Specialist terms will be used correctly and appropriately.

Candidates will address both aspects of the question and
discuss/consider different advantages/disadvantages although development of some of the points
will be limited to one side of the argument.
There may be a conclusion.
format.
Examples will be given and will be mostly appropriate.
Specialist terms will be used appropriately and for the most part correctly.

Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give
basic advantages or disadvantages.
Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)
Examples
Filters are easier to create using database software…

…such as names of students matching a criterion…
…e.g. passing an exam/born in a certain year
Queries can be saved using database software…
...for ease of use with updated data such as new students attending school
Calculated fields can be difficult to create using database software…
…such as calculating ages from date of birth
Easier to create complex formulae in spreadsheets…
…such as nested ifs for determining if a student has passed a number of modules in a course
Can use more functions in spreadsheets…
…such as countif to count the number of students passing an exam
Charts are easier to produce using spreadsheet software…
…to show progress of students
Repeated data can be easier to enter using spreadsheet software
Fields easier to name and query using database software
Spreadsheets are easier to use to model different scenarios…
…such as number of students passing an exam
Can only create a relational database using database software
Allow justified examples of use of database or spreadsheet software [8]

1 (a) RAM [1]
(b) Motherboard [1]
(c) ROM [1]
(d) Sound card [1]
2 (a) Graphical User Interface or GUI [1]
(b) An icon is a picture/image

Used as a shortcut to a program/application [2]
(c) Click/tap on it
Use a pointer/gesture/mouse/enter key/pointing device [1]
3
TRUE FALSE
(3) (3)
A WAN usually connects a number of LANs. 3
A LAN is usually found on one building. 3
A WAN is a Wireless Area Network. 3
The internet is an example of a WLAN. 3

0 or 1 correct answer – 0 marks [Max. 2]
© UCLES 2016
4
TRUE FALSE
(3) (3)
To set the page to landscape you select page

3
orientation.
The gutter margin is only on the left hand side of

3
the page.
A widow is where the last line of a paragraph

3
appears as the first line of text on a new page.
When you lock aspect ratio the width changes

3
automatically as the height is increased.

0 or 1 correct answer – 0 marks [Max. 2]
5 (a) Max two from:

A virus is a piece of software/program code that infects a computer
…attaches itself to files
…and has the ability to replicate itself.
Max three from:

Causes computer to crash/shut down
It can delete/corrupt data/files
Causes the computer operations to run slowly/become unusable
Makes software/OS unusable
Fills up the computer memory/hard disk
Can corrupt/erase contents of hard disk [4]
(b) Three from:

Scan the pen-drive as it is inserted into his computer
Use an anti-virus software to scan his computer hard drive
Do not use media from an unknown source
Install/download up-to-date anti-virus software and activate/update anti-virus software/use
up-to-date antivirus [3]
(c) Two from:

Identify the virus using anti-virus software/scan the file
Option given to delete or quarantine the file
Software quarantines the virus infected file so the virus cannot be activated
Delete the virus/clean/disinfect the file
Check the quarantined file to see if it is safe to open [2]
© UCLES 2016
6 Two from:
Compare the final solution with the user requirements
Identify any limitations of the new system
Identify any further improvements to the new system
Analyse feedback from users of the new system
Compare test results from the new system with the old system [2]
7 (a) Two from:

Proofreading often involves reading through the document without referring to the original
source document.
This is to check for errors in the typing/spelling/grammar.
Verification involves reading through the document but referring to the original source
document.
Verification can involve one person reading the document and a second one re-reading the
document.
Proofreading does not involve two people keying in the same data for the computer to
compare the versions. [2]
(b) Visual verification/Visual check [1]
8 (a) Four from:

The letter is typed/loaded/opened.
Uses a word processing package/DTP/master document
Tags/fields/place holders are placed in the letter.
Select/locate the database/create mailing list.
The database/mailing list is linked to the letter.
Filter the database/find recipients
The letter is merged with the database/mailing list.
The data from the fields are imported into the letter.
The data replaces the tags/fields/place holders.
The letter is saved/printed/send by email. [4]
(b) Two from:

Check if the date on the letter is correct
Proofread the document
Spellcheck the letter
Grammar check the letter
Check the data in the database/mailing list to ensure up to date data was used
Check correct fields are included [2]
© UCLES 2016
(c) Six from:

Personal data is data relating to a living individual/person.
The person can be identified (either) from the data (or from the data in conjunction with other
information).
Allow one mark only for any example such as: name, address, date of birth, place of birth,
bank details.
The data will have the name attached therefore it needs protecting.
The data is confidential as it links directly to the person.
The data can be sensitive:
Allow one mark only for any example, e.g. racial, ethnic, medical, religious, relating to a trade
union, mental health, sexual, relating to criminal offences
If someone gets access to the data then they can use the information to attack the person.
Needs to be kept confidential so the data cannot be linked to a person.
In order to get full marks candidate needs to explain what personal data means. [6]
9 (a) Two from:

Wand or joystick
Treadmill
Pressure mats
Data gloves
Headset/head mounted displays/Head mounted device(HMD)
Goggles
Steering/gaming wheels/consoles
Pedals
Paddles
Cameras
Motion sensors [2]
(b) Two from, for example:

Virtual museums
Virtual theme parks
Design of sports clothing
Flight simulation
Battlefield/combat simulation
Virtual tours
Medical training
Walkthroughs
Driving simulation
Any reasonable answers [2]
© UCLES 2016
10 Matched pairs:
Eye problems/strain
Take regular breaks/use no-flicker screens/LCD/TFT screens/have eyes tested
regularly/turn the brightness down/use blue screen/screen filters/blue glasses
Back pain
Use ergonomic chairs/use foot rests/regular breaks/sit with good posture/height
adjustable chairs
RSI/finger pains
Ergonomic keyboards/regular breaks/less use of mouse/use trackerballs/wrist rest
RSI/wrist pains
Hands-free/less use of the mobile phone/wrist rest
Headaches
Anti-glare screens/matt finish screens/regular breaks/ use no-flicker screens/LCD/TFT
screens/have eyes tested regularly/turn the brightness down/use blue screen/screen
filters/blue glasses
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Use foot rests/standing up
Neck pain
Regular breaks/good posture/document holder
Hearing loss/damage
Turn your headphone volume down [6]
11 (a) One from:

Moisture/humidity (sensor)
Temperature (sensor)
Wind Speed (sensor)
Wind direction (sensor)
Light (sensor) [1]
(b) Four from:

Data is read by the sensors.
The data is converted to digital data/using the ADC.
The data is sent to the microprocessor/computer (in the ground base unit)…
…using a satellite link.
…by radio waves.
Graphs/results are automatically produced by computer.
Graphs are plotted against time.
Data is saved in the computer for later use. [4]
(c) Three from:

Cheaper sending up a weather balloon than using an aircraft due to fuel for example.
Fewer errors as the aircraft movement/heat could affect the data from the sensors.
If the air balloon is checking wind speed it is floating/constant speed therefore more
accurate.
Safer, in the event of severe/extreme weather conditions due to the weather balloon not
being manned.
The weather balloon will allow weather to be monitored in a fixed location. [3]
© UCLES 2016
12 Eight from:
Advantages:
An online shop costs less to set up and run.
Reduced overheads in an online shop
Reduced cost on wages as less shop staff needed
Customers can be better targeted…
…for example: It’s also much cheaper, for example, to send a marketing message by email to
1000 customers than it is to send 1000 newsletters by post.
A local business can become nationwide or even international.
An online shop can be updated instantly and as often as you like…
…for example, to promote a ‘deal of the day’ on your front page, without the need for expensive
printed display material.
Can target products and services at specific groups based on buying data.
Business can be promoted through search engines.
Disadvantages:
In order for an online shop to work it needs constant development.
Shops need to understand tax and import/export issues if they become international.
Need to re-train staff to use the online system
The cost of setting up/maintain a website
Costly to re-train
Drop in customer loyalty therefore fewer customers
Need to pay more delivery drivers
Need to buy more delivery vehicles to deliver goods to customers
A mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion.

If one side of the argument, i.e. all benefits/drawbacks then 4 marks max.
If both sides have been addressed but without expansions/comparisons then 6 marks max. [8]
13 Four from:
Uses transaction/online processing for booking seats/tickets
The customer enters the number of seats/tickets they want.
The customer selects the performance they want.
The customer selects the time of the performance they want.
The customer selects the date of the performance they want.
Computer searches database to check for availability of seat.
Customer selects seat/ticket.
Customer confirms seat/ticket.
Seat marked as unavailable
Customer enters contact details.
Customer enters payment details.
Seat/ticket booked in customer’s name
booking reference is generated.
bar code/QR code/e-ticket generated
transaction completed [4]
© UCLES 2016
14 (a) Three from:

Only use websites recommended by the teacher
Only use websites ending in .gov, .ac, .org, .edu
Use a learner friendly search engine
Use appropriate search conditions [3]
(b) Three from:

Only email people already known to you/do not reply to spam emails
Think before opening an email from an unknown person
Never email the school’s name
Never use personal details in emails
Never send a picture of the student in school uniform
Only use contact us from a known website
Scan all attachments before downloading them/do not open attachments from unknown
people
Check the email address is correct before sending
Check the content of the email before sending [3]
15 (a) Four from:

Open/load database/select menu database tool
Select create relationships
Select/insert/drag tables A/Venue details and B/Concert details
Venue ID in table A/Venue details is selected as the primary key/key field
Location ID in table B/Concert details is selected as the foreign key
Venue ID and Location ID are linked
A one to many relationship is created [4]
(b) Two from:

All records are stored in one place/table.
Easier to understand/comprehend
Easier to setup
Simple sorting/searching can be carried out.
Filters are easier to set up [2]
© UCLES 2016
16 Matched sections
Interview
Advantage
The user is more open and honest with the answers
Questions can be added to/extended
Questions can be modified
Can see body language/facial expressions
Disadvantage
Time consuming to complete all the interviews
Expensive due to analyst’s time
Not anonymous
Can give answers that they think the interviewer wants
May not be available at the time the analyst is available
Questionnaire
Advantage
Faster to complete all questionnaires
Cheaper to produce questionnaires than pay/employ an interviewer
Individuals can remain anonymous therefore they are more truthful.
More people can answer the questionnaire than can be interviewed.
They can fill it in in their own time.
Disadvantage
Tend not to be popular with users
Too inflexible cannot ask follow up questions
Users tend to exaggerate their responses as they are anonymous.
As it’s anonymous people may not take it seriously.
Cannot expand on their answers/limited in their responses
Examining documents of the existing system
Advantage
Information can be obtained which is not possible using other methods.
Can see the scale of the problem easily
Disadvantage
Time consuming to go through the documents
Expensive method as the analyst will have to spend time going through documents.
Observation
Advantage
Reliable data
Better overall view of the whole system/all the inputs and outputs of the system
Inexpensive method as the analyst is only watching the workers.
Disadvantage
Hawthorne effect (describe) [6]
© UCLES 2016
17
Heading 1 mark
Images of Iceland 1 mark
Hyperlinks to an external page 1 mark
Link to a movie 1 mark
Buttons 1 mark
Fills the page 1 mark
Home (page) button 1 mark
Link to a sound file 1 mark
Hyperlink to an email address or contact 1 mark
Information about the trip – 2 marks
Departure
Arrive home
Hotel name
Whale watching
Contact us
At least 3 points = 1 mark

All points = 2 marks
Must have the correct details
Maximum of 6 marks [6]
© UCLES 2016
Level 3 (7–8 marks):

benefits/drawbacks. The issues raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned conclusion.
format.

benefits/drawbacks although development of some of the points will be limited to one side of
the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the most part the information will be relevant
and presented in a structured and coherent format.

Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic benefits and
drawbacks. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)
© UCLES 2016
1 (a) Router/Broadband modem [1]
(b) Switch [1]
(c) Hub [1]
(d) Bridge [1]
2 (a) Two from:
Software is programs/set of instructions.

Software controls/runs a computer system/hardware. [2]
(b) (i) System(s) (software) [1]
(ii) For example: Operating system, file management system, utilities [1]
(iii) Application(s) (software) [1]
(iv) For example: Word processor, spreadsheet, database [1]
3
input output backing storage
(9) (9) (9)
Motor 9
CD-R 9
Webcam 9
Printer 9 [4]
© UCLES 2016
4
true false
(9) (9)
If capital letters are used in emails, it is considered ‘shouting’. 9
You should always use coloured text and coloured

9
backgrounds in emails.
You should reply to all spam emails. 9
bcc means blind carbon copy. 9 [2]

1 correct – 0 marks
5 (a) Four from:
Real time collaboration/communication

Multiple users are connected to the internet.
See the same screen at all times in their web browsers
Allows: texting, for example of the car details
VOIP, for example, the delegates discussing the car range
Full motion video to show the car being test driven [4]
(b) Three from:
Webcams/cameras
Large monitors/projector
Microphones
Speakers/headphone [3]
© UCLES 2016
(c) Three matched pairs from:
Power cuts/load shedding…

…can lead to parts of the video-conference shutting down.
Lip sync problems/time lag…
…this means that the picture is not running at the same speed as the sound.
Need to consider time zone implications of when to hold the video-conference…
…some participants may be video-conferencing outside of work hours/in the night.
Initial cost of hardware/software…
…expensive to buy extra hardware and software
Needs reliable internet access…
…otherwise the video-conference will suffer interference/break down of signal.
Difficult to stop them all talking at once/manage contributions…
…if more than one person talks at once it is difficult to hear what is said.
Difficult to manage the video-conference starts on time…
…due to time differences/setting up issues.
Difficult to keep participants on task…
…they are not in the same room so could be doing other things/not concentrating.
Increased cost/time of training staff…
…The host of the conference would need training/participants may need training.
Cost/time of technician/support staff…
…the support staff will need to be on hand in case of problems.
Document cannot be signed…
…there will be only one copy of the document.
Physical objects cannot be examined…
…this would need to be set up before the conference which takes time. [6]
6
Fixed
Magnetic
Hard Blu-ray Memory card
Tape
Disk (9) (9)
(9)
(9)
Storing a database of books in a

9
school library
Storing photographs in a digital

9
camera
Companies distributing HD movies 9
[4]
Storing the back up of a file server 9
7 (a) = IF (B3>75, “pass”, “fail”)

1 mark IF ( )
1 mark parameter B3>75,
1 mark “pass”, “fail” [3]
Mark deducted for any additional elements down to 0 marks
© UCLES 2016
(b) Normal data is data that is within the range/right data type. [1]
Abnormal data is data that is outside the range/wrong type. [1]
Extreme data is data that is on the edge of acceptability. [1]
8 Six from:
Examples
Advantages
Biometrics are unique…
…so others cannot sign people in/whereas with password/card systems someone else can sign
you in.
Fingerprints/eyes are always with you…
…but a password/card can be lost.
Cannot be forgotten passwords can be forgotten
The user has to be present therefore more secure.
Typing in passwords can lead to errors on data entry…
…biometrics tend to be more reliable.
More difficult to forge…
…passwords can be copied/cards can be stolen.
Disadvantages
Personal liberty infringement…
…fingerprints/biometric must be stored.
Method is slower to enter system than passwords.
Equipment and setup is more expensive than producing cards.
The time taken to set up a store of fingerprints/eye prints can be a long time…
…quicker to set up a database of passwords.
If the finger is damaged/dirty it cannot be read passwords can be more reliable.
If dark glasses are worn retina cannot be read passwords are more reliable
If a voice is not understandable on a voice recognition system may not work.
Facial hair can stop facial recognition passwords are more reliable
A mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion

If one side of the argument i.e. all advantages/disadvantages then 3 marks max.
If both sides have been addressed but without expansions/differences then 4 marks max [6]
9 Three from:
Making a copy and giving it away to a friend or colleague without permission

Making a copy and lending it without permission
Making a copy and selling it without permission
Making a copy without permission from the author/licence holder
Using a single copy with multiple simultaneous use on a network
Using coding/images from the original copy in your own programs/modifying the original code
Renting out the original copy without permission [3]
© UCLES 2016
10 (a) Four from:
Enter data into/use the interactive user interface

Questions are asked by the system
The user answers the questions
With yes or no answers
Further questions are asked based on the previous answers
The inference engine compares data
Compares data with that held in the knowledge base…
…using the rules base/set of rules
System produces probabilities/possible types of animal [4]
(b) Two from:
Oil prospecting/rock classification

Medical diagnosis
Chess
Tax systems [2]
(c)
Field Name Validation Check
Animal_ID Format check/Presence check
Name_of_animal Presence check/type check/character check
Animal_endangered? Character check/type check
Years_on_register Range check [4]
(d) Four from:
Three max
A header and footer may be on every page to show consistency.
Don’t have to type it in on every page…
…saves time
…reduces errors
Three max
What is in that section of document/title of the sub-section
Author of the document
The page number
The version
The date
File name/path
Company logo/name
To gain full marks candidates must have an example and explanation. [4]
© UCLES 2016
11 (a) Product_ID [1]
(b) Product_ordered [1]
(c) 1231 [1]
(d) 1 mark for each correct answer

1235, 1236 [2]
(e) Two from:
(=)[Quantity]*[Unit_price]
1 mark for [Quantity] *
1 mark for [Unit_price] [2]
12 Four from:
A formula is a statement written by the user to be calculated.

An equation
A formula can contain values/references to cells/defined names.
Examples =A1+B1 etc.
A function is a piece of code designed to return specific values.

Pass parameters/variables to functions
Function has a pre-defined names in the software/reserved word.
They are used inside formulas.
A built in operation
Examples SUM()/AVERAGE()/ NOW() etc.
To gain full marks candidates need to mention both a function and formula. [4]
13 (a) Two from:
Designed to help programmers/systems analysts…

…to improve a system.
…to maintain a system.
…to upgrade a system. [2]
© UCLES 2016
(b) Four from:
Program coding/listing/piece of code

System flowchart
Program flowchart/algorithm/pseudocode/DFD
List of variables
File structure
Known bugs
14 (a) Smishing
One from:
Never text back to unknown sender

Never respond to any of these types of texts
Never click on any links within the text message
Never give out personal information in a text
Don’t allow your mobile phone number to be included in call lists
Blocking unfamiliar texters/numbers [1]
Pharming:
One from:
Use up to date anti-virus/anti-pharming/anti-spyware software

Check address bar for strange web addresses
Keeping DNS servers patched and up to date
Use up to date firewall services on DNS servers [1]
(b) One from:
A small text file sent/downloaded to a user’s web browser when they visit a web site [1]
Two from:
Store information about the visit and are used the next time the user visits the site
Remember the user’s details
Remember the user’s preferences
Remember items a user bought
Remember passwords
Remember what they searched for
Target products
Offers a tailored experience for users [2]
© UCLES 2016
15 Four from:
Blog is website/Wiki is software or a website.

Blog is a personal journal or someone’s opinion/A wiki is usually objective.
Blog has a single author/A wiki has many authors.
Blog is based on the author’s personal observations.
Both use links to websites.
Blogs are written in reverse date order/Wiki has a structure determined by content and users.
Only an author can edit a blog or readers can only add comments to a blog/A wiki can be edited
by any member of the group. [4]
16 (a) Two from:
Internal restricted access network/secure network

Uses same protocols as the internet
Private network
Used within an organisation eg school
Limited resources [2]
(b) Two from:
Public network/not policed

International network of networks
WAN/wide area network
World wide/global/international
Public information system
web/email/gophers/social networking/video conferencing is part of the internet [2]

Candidates will address both the similarities and the differences between cheques and debit
cards and discuss/consider different benefits/drawbacks.
The issues raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned conclusion. The information will be
relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and coherent format.

Candidates will address both the similarities and the differences between cheques and debit
cards and discuss/consider different benefits/drawbacks although development of some of the
points will be limited to one side of the argument.
There may be a conclusion. For the most part the information will be relevant and presented in a
structured and coherent format.

Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic benefits and
drawbacks. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)
© UCLES 2016
1 Tick whether the following statements are true or false.
true false
(3) (3)
Tablet computers have touch screens. 3
Smartphones will only connect to the internet through Wi-Fi. 3
A tablet computer has a separate keyboard. 3
Smartphones use a touchpad. 3
[2]
0 or 1 correct answer – 0 marks
2 (a) Command line interface/CLI

[1]
(b) One from:
more difficult to edit entered commands

need to know the commands
Incorrect commands can affect the operation of the computer.
Syntax needs to be exact for the program to work. [1]
(c) Tick whether the following statements are true or false.
true false
(3) (3)
A GUI involves the use of windows and menus. 3
User interaction with a GUI is intuitive. 3
A GUI takes up a lot of memory and resources. 3
Users have to learn a list of system commands in order

3
to use a GUI.
[2]
© UCLES 2016
3 Tick whether the following statements are true or false.
true false
(3) (3)
ROM is Real Optical Memory. 3
RAM stores the instructions you are currently working on. 3
ROM stores the BIOS. 3
RAM allows the user to read and write data. 3

[2]
4 (a) Dot matrix [1]
(b) TFT/LED/LCD (allow full names such as Thin-Film-Transistor) [1]
(c) 3D printer/3D inkjet printer [1]
(d) Touchscreen [1]
5 Parallel running
Any one from:
If the new system fails then the old system is still running.
There is always a backup of the whole system. [1]
Direct Changeover
Any one from:
Saves on the costs as less personnel

Saves the time of implementing the new system
Advantages are immediate [1]
Phased Implementation
Any one from:
If the new system fails then most of the old system still in place.
Possible to see if part of the new system works before proceeding [1]
© UCLES 2016
6 (a) Unauthorised access to computer systems with the intention of causing harm [1]
Two examples from:
Editing files/data
Deleting files/data
Installing viruses
Exposing weaknesses of the system [2]
(b) Three from:
Usernames and strong passwords to stop remote and local logins

Use different passwords for different accounts
Biometric systems to ensure the official user is present
Electronic dongles which only allow login when the dongle is plugged in
Dedicated computers which are the only ones allowed to log in [3]
7 Three from:
Spelling errors
Information requested that the bank would not ask for e.g. password and username/personal
information
Not personalised – name or part of account number
Hyperlink not usually given
Inconsistency i.e. manager and Chief Customer Officer
Allow examples of the data from the email [3]
8 (a) http:// – this is a protocol/transfer protocol/hypertext transfer protocol [1]

www.bbc.com – this is the website address contains domain name, domain type and
country code/server [1]
weather – this is the folder name [1]
2193733 – this is the resource or the filename [1]
(b) Two from:
If using a web browser, only the URL is needed.

If a URL is typed in a web browser the website is found straight away.
Resource may not be on search engine index yet, therefore cannot be found.
In the search engine the user needs to know what is on the website for the keywords.
Not sharing information with a search engine if you type in a URL [2]
9 Three from:
The language/dialect used in checking the spelling/grammar could be different e.g. English(US).
Names/proper nouns might be highlighted as an error but are acceptable.
If no suggestions are given
Similar sounding words need to be checked, i.e. where, were, wear.
The grammar might be too complex for the grammar checker to cope with. [3]
© UCLES 2016
10 (a) Four from:
Agree the date and time of the conference
Either
Contact an audio conferencing provider …
…for organiser’s PIN
…for participant’s PIN
Give the PIN to each participant
at the start of the conference organiser types in his PIN
Each participant dials the number and enters the PIN
or
the organiser phones/contact the first participant
the organiser phones/contact subsequent participants
puts them on hold…
…until all participants have been contacted
joins the participants together/joins the conference [4]
(b) Four from:
It is needed for network security

It controls the incoming and outgoing network traffic.
A firewall establishes a barrier between a trusted, secure internal network and the Internet
It logs incoming and outgoing traffic
It stops malicious traffic
It prevents computers connecting to unwanted sites
It prevents untrusted/unrecognised computers accessing data on the system
11 (a) Cloud is large groups of remote networked servers

They allow centralised data storage [2]
© UCLES 2016
(b) Six from:
Disadvantages
Loss of control of the data…
…as the data is controlled by a data storage provider.
…the user needs to be able to trust the service provider and its staff.
…security issues with the storing of the data with the provider
…fire/flood/electricity spikes can affect data without the user knowing.
The data remains on the server for a length of time…
…easier to be hacked as more copies of it available…
…available for longer…
…users must use strong passwords/authentication methods as hackers have longer time to
be able to crack the password…
…as several copies of the data are available
If data is not encrypted…
…can lead to security issues due to loss of control/hacking.
If connection is lost then the cloud cannot be accessed…
…data could be lost due to this.
If there is a mass/lot of data the data could be split over several servers…
…may have problems retrieving the data.
…may lead to security issues.
…data may be lost during the saving process.
Cost of using cloud is more expensive than buying a hard disk/SSD…
…most computers come with a hard disk/SSD
Difficult to delete all copies of a file…
…as the data is stored/backed up several times.
Advantages
The data is accessible anywhere…
…helps to migrate data from one device to another.
…helps to synchronise data.
Don’t have to buy storage devices…
…some devices do not have hard disks/storage
…the cloud can be used for all storage requirements.
More storage space than using physical devices…
…the cloud has lots of storage
Don’t have to manage the storage…
…the service provider manages the storage
…user does not have to worry about security measures as service provider secures data.
Allows many users to access the data…
...as the data is stored centrally.
Only pay for the storage you use…
…much of the space on the hard disk may be wasted. [6]
A mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion.

If one side of the argument i.e. all advantages/disadvantages then 3 marks max.
If both sides have been addressed but without expansions/comparisons then 4 marks max.
© UCLES 2016
12 Five from:
Computer checks the input from the user is authentic.

Computer is programmed with pre-set values.
Computer reads data from the sensors.
If the light sensor is activated…
If the contact switch is activated…
If pressure greater than pre-set value…
If sound greater than pre-set value…
If temperature greater than pre-set value…
If the movement sensor is activated…
Computer sends signal to sound the alarm.
Computer sends signal automatically to the police station/alarm company/security company.
Computer sends signal the flashing lights/house lights.
Computer sends message/text/calls automatically to the owner. [5]
13 Three from:
Knowledge base
Rules base
Inference engine
Interactive user interface [3]
14 (a) For example

Video camera to inspect the finished product [1]
Light sensors used to detect position of the car [1]
Pressure sensor to make sure the car part is gripped correctly [1]
(b) Three from:
Running costs are cheaper than paying humans a wage.

Robots can operate continuously.
Cars are built to a more consistent standard.
Robots are more accurate.
Can be used in hazardous conditions.
Greater productivity [3]
(c) Three from:
If a change is made in the manufacturing process the robot needs to be re-programmed.

If a robot makes a mistake it will continue to make the same mistake.
Expensive to set up/maintain
Robots are not capable of performing tasks autonomously without guidance from
humans/they cannot think for themselves.
If they break down then they are difficult/impossible to repair.
If the robot breaks down the whole process stops.
The abilities of robots are suitable only for simple activities in which no major difficulties are
met. [3]
© UCLES 2016
(d) Three from:
3D digital copy is made and put in the software.

Software slices the model into hundreds of layers.
Printer creates the model layer by layer.
Binds them together [3]
15 (a) Two from:
Routers inspect/read the IP address of the data packets sent to it

Sends the data packet to a switch with that IP address
It may use the MAC address of the switch to do that by converting the IP to a MAC using
ARP…
…until it finds the corresponding switch [2]
(b) WiFi
Any two from:
Can connect to the internet from any room in a house

No cables
Can be used on multiple devices [2]
Satellite
Any two from:
This is broadband
Useful for general use of the internet
(Connects via satellites so) better coverage
Can be used almost anywhere in the world [2]
3G/4G
Any two from:
Used in mobile devices laptops/tablets/smartphones

Connects wireless through the 3G or 4G network
Allows access on the move
Allows access even if no WiFi available
Not affected by rain or snow as satellite communication [2]
© UCLES 2016
16 (a) Four from:
To test the balance is negative change the values in the outgoings so the total is larger than
the total income
Test each individual outgoing so it is larger than 100/abnormal testing
Test each individual outgoing so it is equal to 100/extreme testing
Test so the total outgoing is equal to total income
Type in a negative income
Type in a negative outgoing
Test each individual outgoing so it is less than 100/normal testing
Test using live data [4]
(b) Three from:
Use conditional formatting…

…to check cell content greater than 100
…in the range B4 to B8
Use shading/highlighting cells…
Set up a validation check…
…range check 0–100
If outside the range displays an error message [3]
17 Four from:
the system has cameras/CCTV

The images and the text from the number plate are captured by the camera
Infrared lighting is used so it can be used in all weathers/at night
The system uses optical character recognition
The licence/number plate is checked against its database to find the car owner’s details [4]
© UCLES 2016
18 One from each section:
Electrocution – for example:

No liquids or drinks allowed near computers
Check insulation regularly
Use RCB (residual circuit breakers)
Insulate wires [1]
Fire – for example:

Have a CO2 fire extinguisher
Don’t cover equipment
Good ventilation
Don’t overload sockets [1]
Tripping over trailing leads – for example:

Use cable ducts/place cables under carpets/fasten cables to walls
Use wireless devices
Organise cables [1]
Heavy equipment falling – for example:

Place devices in the middle of a table/not near the edge
Use large desks
Use sturdy desks
Make sure wires are tucked out of the way to stop device being dragged off [1]

advantages/disadvantages. The issues raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned
conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and
coherent format.

advantages/disadvantages although development of some of the points will be limited to one side
of the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the most part the information will be relevant and
presented in a structured and coherent format.

Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic advantages and
disadvantages. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)
Response with no valid content. [8]
© UCLES 2016
0417/12 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme March 2017
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks
1 (a) a bar code reader 1
(b) a microphone 1
(c) a magnetic ink character reader 1
(d) a retina scanner 1
2 internal backing 2
memory storage
(3) (3)
Random Access Memory 3
Portable hard disk 3
Pen drive 3
Magnetic tape 3
0 or 1 correct – 0 marks
3 true false 2
(3) (3)
A hub is a central computer. 3
A router connects a LAN to the Internet. 3
A bridge connects a WAN to a LAN. 3
A switch connects computers in a network. 3
0 or 1 correct – 0 marks
4 Last_order_received 1
Food_type 1
Re-order 1
Packs_in_stock 1
© UCLES 2017 Page 2 of 10

PUBLISHED
5 Any two from: 2

Secure the wireless router/network with a strong password
Do not broadcast the wifi security key/SSID
Enable WPA encryption
Disable remote administration to the router
Enable user management
Change from the default SSID
Use MAC address filtering/change the router IP address
Use wireless security software
6(a) Any three from: 3

Spam email may contain viruses/spyware/malware/key loggers«
«an example of what viruses/spyware/malware/key loggers/pharming can do
If you open and reply to spam emails then the spammer knows the email
address is active
Spam can fill up the inbox
6(b) Any four from: 4

Check the name of sender matches the content of the email
Check any URL link matches the content of the email
Might contain grammar/spelling mistakes
Check plain text
Check the message is not an image
Check if the message is asking for personal information
Might contain unexpected attachments
Urgent/too good to be true
Not address the user by name/generic name used
Might be in your SPAM emails/alerted by service provider
7 Any three from: 3

Private/confidential data stays within a company/organisation/school
To store relevant/up to date information about the organisation available to
workers
To facilitate communication/collaboration between workers/students/teachers
Make it easier to access company specific applications.
Restrict access to certain sites of the internet/regulate access to the internet
Restrict access for certain employees

PUBLISHED
8 Any five from: 5

Enter data into/use the interactive user interface
Questions are asked about the car engine fault
The user answers the questions/Yes or No answers to the questions are typed
in
Further questions are asked based on the previous answers
The inference engine compares data
Compares data with that held in the knowledge base«
«using the rules base/set of rules«
«until it finds a match/matches found
System suggests probabilities/possible solutions
The explanation system explains how the solutions were arrived at
9(a) Any two from: 2

Replicates itself and can fill the computer’s memory/hard disc with unwanted
data
Can communicate with other systems
Causes computer to crash
It can delete/corrupt data
Causes the computer operations/system/processes to run slowly/become
unusable
Makes software/OS unusable
Can corrupt/erase contents of hard disc
9(b) Any three from: 3

Run up to date anti-virus software/Install anti-virus software
Do not download files/attachments from email addresses that you do not
recognise
Do not download files/games/software from untrusted/unfamiliar website
Scan all emails before opening
Check/scan attachments to emails for viruses
Avoid opening spam emails
10(a) Any four from: 4

Bank/city/branch code/Acc Number for RBI/clearing centre/IFSC code
Cheque number/Unique coding number/UCN/transaction code
Account number
Amount
Account type (current/deposit)
Account holder’s name/payee/drawer
Date written on the cheque

PUBLISHED

Using standard paper cheques
The cheques are sent to the clearing bank/centre
The amount is read using OCR
The city code/bank code/branch code/sort code/cheque number/account
number is read using MICR
Sort the cheques into bank code order
The cheque is scanned using OCR and stored
Amount is written onto the cheque using magnetic ink
or
Using digitally image/scanned cheques
The cheques are sent to the bank clearing system/centre from a
smartphone/ATM machine
Details of the amount and payee are sent electronically
The sort code/account number/unique coding number/UCN is encoded as text
The cheque details and encoded MICR are read using OCR and stored
For both methods

Check signature correct/cheque correct
Date of cheque is checked
Amount is checked
Payer recognised
11(a) 1 mark for each: 5

Insert a table
Select/Enter 4 columns and 5 rows
Any three from:

Highlight/select the top row and click on merge cells
type in heading Populations of Indian Cities
highlight the heading/text/first row and click on bold
highlight the heading/text/first row and click centre text
type in subheading(s)
highlight the sub-headings and click on italics
Type in cities in appropriate cells
Select borders
11(b) Any two from: 2

Right click in the row/table
Click insert rows
Draw the rows
Select the table and click layout tab
Tab on the last row

PUBLISHED
12(a) All elements (they must be correct) - 1 mark 5
Any three from:

Appropriate use of header/footer
Size of headings and sub-headings
Size of logo box/position of the logo/watermark
Use of annotation
Leave sufficient space for presentation content/images – 1 mark

Data/multimedia projector
Speakers
Monitor
Printer
13(a) SUMIF(B$3:H$3,B$3,B4:H4) or SUMIF(B$3:H$3,E$3,B4:H4) or 4

SUMIF(B$3:H$3,F$3,B4:H4)
1 mark for SUMIF()

1 mark for B3:H3,
1 mark for B$3 or E$3 or F$3
1 mark for ,B4:H4
13(b) AVERAGE(B4:H4) 2
1 mark for AVERAGE()
1 mark for B4:H4
13(c) Any two from: 2

Click on the average mark
Select increase/decrease decimal
Keep until you reach 2 decimal places
or
Select the average mark
Format cell
Select 2 decimal places
13(d) VLOOKUP(I4,$N$4:$O$11,2,TRUE) 4
1 mark VLOOKUP()
1 mark for I4, N4:O11,
1 mark for 2, TRUE
1 mark for correct use of $

PUBLISHED
14(a) Designed to help programmers/systems analysts – 1 mark 2
Any one from:

«to improve a system
«to maintain a system
«to upgrade a system

To help the user understand how the new system works
To help the user to learn how to use the new system
Technical documentation may be too complex for the user to understand
To help the user deal with problems
15 One mark for creating a query/report 3
Two from:
[Max_temp]-[Min_temp]
1 mark for [Max_temp]–

1 mark for [Min_temp]

Tablets can be customised to individual needs
Easier to change the percentages of drug in the tablet
Mass produced or small batches therefore reducing waste
Created as needed therefore reducing waste
Patient gets the drugs quicker

Cost of buying the printer is expensive
Materials are expensive
Can be used for illegal production of drugs
There are not many 3D printers created to date to do this

PUBLISHED
17(a) Any six from 6

Never open/download attachments/links from people you do not know«
«as they may contain viruses/allows others to know the email address is live
Never open emails from unknown sources«
«as they may contain viruses
Scan all emails using an up to date anti virus«
«as new viruses are always being created
Keep the number of contacts to a minimum«
«as some viruses send emails to all names in your contacts list
Do not use auto reply to emails«
«allows others to know the email address is live
As the email may be sent to people who should not see it«
«do not use reply all
«check names that you are replying to
When replying always use a subject«
«as people may not open emails without this as they think they are spam
When replying remove extra information that was sent«
«to stop others seeing things they shouldn’t
Watch sarcasm as it is not conveyed on the messaging
Use netiquette
Use a spam filter«
«clear SPAM regularly
Do not reply to spam emails«
«as the spammer can see that your email address is live
Do not give personal details in the email
Do not reply to emails from unknown sources
17(b) Any two from, for example 2

Family name
Gender
Nationality
Religion
Address
Phone number
date of birth
Email address
Bank details
Medical history
Ethnic origin
Membership of a political party
Criminal activity
Membership of a trade union

PUBLISHED
17(c) Any five from 5

Use of strong passwords
Regularly changing passwords
Not replying to emails where personal data is asked for«
«unless you are sure of the recipient
Use of different passwords for different emails/logins
On social media not giving full name, picture etc.
Setting social media to private
Use an alias on online gaming
Only send personal data on protected sites using https
Using encryption techniques/TLS/SSL/Digital certificates

PUBLISHED
18 To be marked as a level of response: 8

Candidates will address both aspects of the question and discuss/consider
different benefits and drawbacks. The issues raised will be justified. There will
be a reasoned conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear, organised
and presented in a structured and coherent format.

different benefits and drawbacks although development of some of the points
will be limited to one side of the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the
most part the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and
coherent format.

Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic
benefits and drawbacks. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)
Response with no valid content.
Answers may make reference to e.g.:

benefits of smart technology
Smart technology devices can be used to turn on devices remotely....
«if you are coming home you can turn on cookers
«you can come home to a warm house by turning on central heating
Smart fridges can analyse food taken out of fridge so you can get a healthy diet
...also re-orders stock automatically
Smart washing machines stop washes if incorrect materials present in the
wash
it new materials are produced then the washing machine can analyse the
materials and tell you the correct dose of powder
if you want to watch up to date films then then TV can connect to the internet
drawbacks to smart technology

Over reliance on technology; if the device breaks down then it is difficult to use
alternatives
If the device breaks it is more difficult to repair
Personal data can easily be hacked through internet connected devices
«personal data easily found
«wifi key easily found
If controller/smart phone lost/stolen the devices may not work in the home
New technology is expensive
Too many gadgets
reliance on internet connection.

0417/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 20
PUBLISHED
1(a) Hardware 1
1(b) Software 1
1(c) Microphone 1
1(d) Hard disk drive 1
2 impact non-impact 2
Dot matrix printer ✓

Inkjet printer ✓
Laser printer ✓
3D printer ✓
4 correct ticks 2 marks

2 or 3 correct ticks 1 mark
and 1 or 0 ticks no marks
3 true false 2
A portable hard drive is an example of

internal memory. ✓
Magnetic tape is used to store backups of

data. ✓
RAM is internal memory. ✓

ROM loses its data when the power is turned
off. ✓
4 correct ticks 2 marks

2 or 3 correct ticks 1 mark
and 1 or 0 ticks no marks
PUBLISHED
4(a) Abnormal 1
4(b) Extreme 1
4(c) Normal 1
4(d) Live (data) 1
5 4
Tripping over loose wires.
Heavy equipment falling

Health off tables and injuring
people.
Safety Clicking a mouse

repetitively causing RSI.
Overloading sockets
causing fire.
6 Length check 4
Range check
Type check/Character check
Format check/Picture check
7 Gutter – A margin placed on the fold of a book // A margin between the page 4
margin and the fold of a book
Header – This is an area at the top of every page
Widow – When the last line of the paragraph is the first line of a new page
Wrapping – Text is written around an image in a word processed document
PUBLISHED

− Video/digital camera/webcam
− Microphone
− Keyboard
− Large screen/monitor/data projector
− Remote control
− Speakers/headphones

− A conference held over the internet using TCP/IP connections
− Examples webinars/webcasts/VOIP
− Can be point to point (VOIP) or multicast
− Allows text communication
− Allows voice communication
− Allows video communication
− Uses a web browser

− The washing machine sends out (interrogation waves) radio signal to read the
data from the RFID
− They act as a passive transponder
Or
− The clothing has a battery (attached to the RFID)
− The radio signal is given out by the chip read by the receiver...
− ...using its antenna

− It stops material being incorrectly washed
− It stops coloured items of clothing being in the wrong wash
− It stops clothing of different material being washed with others
− It allows the wash cycle to be set automatically
− It will know the amount of water to use so won’t waste water

− Cheaper than building the real thing
− Quicker to see results rather than building it
− Safer than building the real thing
− Easier to change variables in the model/can use what ifs

− The sensors are out in the bay therefore there is a faster response to floods
− Safer as flood watchers are not put in danger from rising waters
− Data collected is more accurate
− The data readings can be taken more frequently
− Data collection can be continuous
− The town's people can be alerted faster of the danger
− Predictions can be made from the data easily
PUBLISHED
10(c) Any five from: 5

− The microprocessor reads the data from the sensor
− The microprocessor has a set of pre-set values stored
− The microprocessor compares the readings from the sensors with the pre-set
values
− If higher the microprocessor sends a signal«
− «to the actuator to close the barrier
− If lower the microprocessor sends a signal«
− «to the actuator to open the barrier
11(a) COUNTIF($B$6:$B$69,D6) 4
1 mark for COUNTIF

1 mark for (B6:B69,
1 mark for D6)
1 mark for correct use of absolute and relative cell referencing and the formula
works
11(b) Highlight the cell E6 and copy the contents of the cell 3
Highlight cells E7 to E15
Paste the formula
Or
Click on cell E6
Move to bottom RH corner (of E6) select fill handle«
«Drag down to E15
Or
Highlight E6 to E15
select fill«
«then select down
Or
Click on cell E6
Move to bottom RH corner of E6
Double click on the fill handle
11(c) (SUM(E6:E9)/SUM(E6:E15))*100 4
1 mark for SUM(E6:E9)

1 mark for SUM(E6:E15)
1 mark for extra brackets, and ‘/’
1 mark for *100
PUBLISHED
11(d) Any five from: 5

− Highlight D6:E15/D5:E15
− Click Insert then Chart
− Select suitable Bar Chart/Pie chart
− Click on title and add suitable title
− Add suitable axes titles/format axes titles
− Add colour for grades
− Add gridlines
− Add values/%
− Add legend
− Explode pie chart
− Add values/% to pie chart

− Heading
− Suitable line spacing
− Fills the page and looks like a paper based form
− Tick box/radio buttons for gender/activity
− Character boxes
− Use of white space
− Signature
And
1 mark for three correct fields or 2 marks for all five correct fields

− Drop down box for the activities
− Drop down box for gender
− Search button for house number and post code
− Use of hyperlinks to link to home website
− Use of buttons (2 marks max for naming buttons)

− Text
− Moving images/movies/animation
− Sound
− Hyperlinks
13(b) <img src=”sport.jpg” alt=”play sport”> 2
1 mark for <img src=”sport.jpg”

1 mark for alt=”play sport”>
PUBLISHED
13(c) Any four from: 4

− She should not display pictures of herself in school uniform
− She should not display personal details
− She should not identify the school
− She should make sure the picture is not too revealing
− She should use appropriate language
− Should not post her email address/contact details
− Allow she should be aware of identity theft
− Allow she should be aware of online sexual exploitation
− Aware that everyone has access to published data

Candidates will give reasoned similarities and differences. There will be a reasoned
conclusion. They will relate the answer to both CLI and GUI. The information will be

Candidates will expand on similarities/differences relating the answer to both GUI
and CLI. Some of the points may be one sided. There may be a conclusion. For the
most part, the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and
coherent format.

Candidates only list a difference/similarity. Candidates only refer to GUI or CLI.
Level 0 (0 marks)
Answers may make reference to, for example:

Post GUI allows the use of pinching, scrolling, expanding
Post GUI allows the use of touch screen but a CLI does not allow for this
Icons speed up finding instructions, CLI you have to type out the commands in full
No editing in CLI
If a mistake is made in CLI it could have major consequences whereas GUI has less
impact
Due to graphics GUI uses a lot of memory, CLI is a lot smaller program
Loss of memory slows down the operations of the computer
GUI cannot operate properly if memory is low
The loss of memory affects kinds of applications that can be run
GUI more user friendly CLI the commands have to be memorised
GUI has a more varied use on other devices not just computers
In a CLI several commands have to be typed in rather than one command in GUI
CLI commands have to be typed in every time the same command is run
GUI sometimes have CLI embedded within them
CLI and GUI both carry out file management CLI and GUI use similar utilities
Both are operating systems
Both control the hardware and software
PUBLISHED
15 Advantages 6
Max four marks:
− If the screen is 90 degrees to the window it reduces the glare/eye strain
− If you use a screen filter/blue glasses eye strain is reduced
− If LCD/TFT screens are used then eye strain is reduced
− If my eye is level with the top of the screen it will reduce eye strain/neck ache
− If I take breaks from excessive clicking on the mouse/keyboard this reduces
RSI
− Using voice activated systems reduces RSI
− If I use a wrist rest/an ergonomic mouse it will reduce RSI
− If I use an ergonomic chair it will reduce back ache
− If I do not use the computer for long periods of time this will reduce
− RSI/back ache/ eye strain/Carpel syndrome/Cubital syndrome/Neck pain/DVT
Disadvantages
Max four marks:
− Turning the screen can reduce your ability to see clearly on the screen
− Laptops can be difficult to ensure the screen is 90 degrees as the whole unit
needs to be moved
− The cost of safety equipment can be expensive
− Using voice activated systems can be prone to many errors which may
increase RSI correcting them
− Users can become over-reliant on equipment
− With laptops/screens it can be difficult to position it so the eye level is at the
top of the screen
− Taking breaks every hour can increase the work time

− Safer as humans could be injured in rock falls
− Easier to replace a robot rather than train a miner
− Robots do not require wages hence it is cheaper in the long run
− Robots work 24/7 / continuously
− Robots can work in hazardous conditions
− Robots produce greater productivity

− Any changes needed to the mining equipment/rock type requires a
reprogramming of the system
− Reprogramming takes time
− Reprogramming can increase the cost
− Setting up the robot in the mine will be dangerous for humans
− Expensive to maintain/repair
− Initial cost of the robot is expensive

− Weighing scales
− Keyboard/key pad
− Bar code scanner/reader
− Chip reader/card reader
− Magnetic stripe reader
− Pin pad
− Light sensor (on conveyor belt)
− Touch screen

− Printer
− Screen/monitor
− Speaker/buzzer
− Warning light/lamp
2 2
true false
(✓) (✓)
A router is required to allow a LAN to connect to the internet ✓
A web browser displays a web page ✓
An intranet has restricted access ✓
ISP means Internal Service Provider ✓
4 correct answers 2 marks

2 or 3 correct answers 1 mark
1 or 0 answers no marks
3 4
technical user both
(✓) (✓) (✓)
Error messages ✓
Hardware requirements ✓
Program listing ✓
Purpose of the system ✓
4(a) Crop 1
4(b) Resize 1
4(c) Text Wrapping 1
4(d) Rotate 1
5(a) The sensor reads analogue data 3

The microprocessor can only process digital data
Analogue to Digital Converter is needed to convert the data

− More likely to be reliable as it is known that the device will work
− It is cheaper than paying full development costs
− It is quicker to get into operation as the device has been built
− Lower maintenance costs as faults will be known
− Lower costs for training staff

− Scan the pen drive for errors
− Medium is full
− Virus found on the file
− Bad sector/unable to save
− Device not recognised
− Read error
6(b) Differences 4
Max three from:

− Not every computer has a CD drive, but most PCs have a USB port
− A CDR can slip between papers and can be easily lost
− Pen drive are small and can easily slip out of a pocket
− Pen drive stores more data
− Pen drive is more robust
− Pen drive can be overwritten/edited/data erased
− Pen drive is solid state whereas CDR is optical
Similarities
− Pen drive and CDR are storage devices
− CDR and pen drive are portable
7(a) proximity sensor 1

− Sat nav/GPS to help the driver travel between two points
− Auto-parking systems
− Automatic windscreen wipers that operate automatically
− Cruise control
− Lane drift systems
− Automatic braking systems/ABS
− Tyre deflation alert
− Automatic lights/lights that shine round corners
− Frost warning system
− Fuel level indicator
− Hand-brake alert
− Airbag systems
− Automatic maintenance alert
− Expert diagnostic systems
− Auto-gear change systems
7(c) Advantages 6
Max four from:

− The journey becomes a lot safer as the driver uses the devices to help, whilst they
focus on driving
− If the driver falls asleep then the car remains in control
− If the temperature is colder outside then the windscreen clears quickly
− The ABS stops the driver sliding on ice
− Automatic (full beam) lights stop other drivers getting dazzled
− Automatic lights (full beam) shows the road ahead in different conditions
− Cost of repair reduced as it tells the driver of problems immediately.
− The GPS can guide the driver on shortest/quickest route
Disadvantages
Max four from:
− The driver relies too heavily on the device and can become over reliant/You are
legally responsible for the car
− The device may fail and put the driver/pedestrians in danger
− Sometimes the device is more of a hindrance than a help e.g. parking sensors in
traffic jams
− Can increase the price of the car
− Very difficult for the driver to repair the car himself
− GPS can take the driver a long way out of his way when trying to avoid hold ups
− The driver can believe the GPS and drive into the river/narrow road.
− Air bags can accidentally trigger is there is a small collision/they have a life span
− Excessive number of devices/devices left activated can lead to battery drain
Allow one mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion.

8(a) 2
tick
(✓)
Control unit
Graphics program
Inference engine ✓
RFID
Rules base ✓
Search engine

− An expert system may help the doctor make a more accurate diagnosis
− An expert system uses data from many experts therefore it contains more
knowledge than a single doctor
− Cheaper than regularly re-training the doctor
− The expert system's knowledge may be more up to date than the knowledge of a
single doctor
− Cheaper than employing many specialists
− The diagnoses given are more consistent

− Open database
− Create new table of pupil data
− Create new table of examination data
− Select primary and foreign keys
− Link the two database tables using a primary/foreign key...
− «and a foreign/primary key
− Set up the relationship
− Import the data for the pupils from the pupil records
− Import the data from the examinations from the examination boards
9(b) 4
Examination_ID Text
Name_of_subject Text
Examination_level Boolean
Date_of_exam Date
9(c) Date_of_exam>26/06/2018 or Date_of_exam>=27/06/2018 2
1 mark for Date_of_exam

1 mark >26/06/2018 or 1 mark >=27/06/2018
9(d) 1 mark for name of suitable check and 1 mark for description of suitable check 4
Examination_ID
Length check
The data must be exactly 6 digits /characters
Date_of_exam
Range check
The dates must be a range specified
Or
Format check/picture check

Must be in the form 2 digits slash 2 digits slash 4 digits
10(a) Max two from: 5

− Appropriate field spacing
− Use of white space and is clearly a hard copy membership card
− Size of photograph – not too small
− Title of the Leisure Centre
− Additional elements like bar code/ signature
And
1 mark for the photograph
And
1 mark for three items o r 2 marks for all five items
10(b) Any five from: 5

− Create a master document (membership card)
− Create/use a data source
− Check the membership cards for errors
− Place tags in the document
− Link the fields with the tags
− Select the records to merge
− Merge the records and save
− Check the data on the cards is correct
− Preview/Print the cards

− Select range/(A6 to B14)
− Click on the name box/select define name
− Type/enter in the name of the range
And
1 mark for an example of a suitable name
11(b) VLOOKUP(B18, named range,2) 4
1 mark for VLOOKUP( )

1 mark for B18,
1 mark for use of named range from part (a)
1 mark for ,2
12(a) Observation 3
Questionnaire
Examination of documents
12(b) Any two matched pairs: 4

− The interviewee may be uneasy with the questioning«
− «.as it is not anonymous
− Time consuming to interview all the users«
− «the interviewers are carried out one at a time
− Both the interviewee and the interviewer have to be free at the same time«
− «which can cause time problems
− May be a language problem«
− «this increases the time explaining all sections
− May give an answer they think the interviewer is trying to elicit«
− «the interviewer could be biased/leading questions
− Disillusioned workers may give an answer that jeopardises the project«
− «they could give a biased view/too vocal
− They cannot give the answer they want«
− «as the interview is not anonymous/due to peer pressure
− Costly to the employers«
− «time for the worker being off job
13(a) 3
Job description tick
(✓)
Car production workers
Delivery drivers ✓
Payroll workers
Programmers ✓
Typists
Website designers ✓
13(b) Compressed hours 4
Any two from:

− The worker completes the normal working hours per week«
− «but works for fewer days
− For example, a 40-hour week compressed into 4 days not 5
Flexible hours
Any two from:

− Workers complete the same number of hours over a working week«
− «but can choose when to start and end in agreement with the manager
− Allows for workers to complete the school run or miss rush hour
14(a) Double data entry 2

Visual verification
14(b) Any one from: 2

− Visual verification involves the data being compared with the original copy
− Double entry involves re-entering the data
Any one from:
− Proofreading only involves reading through the document
− Proofreading is looking for spelling mistakes/grammar
15 Any two from: 2

− Spam could contain viruses
− Spam could contain spyware that record your key depressions«
− ...this could send messages out to alert others that the email address is live
− Spam can fill up your inbox
− Spam may have links to fraudulent websites

Candidates will give reasoned advantages and disadvantages. There will be a
reasoned conclusion. They will relate the answer to both Bluetooth and WiFi. The
information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and
coherent format.

Candidates will expand on advantages/disadvantages relating the answer to both
Bluetooth and WiFi. Some of the points may be one sided. There may be a conclusion.
For the most part the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and
coherent format.

Candidates only list an advantage/disadvantage. Candidates only refer to Bluetooth or
WiFi. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)

Bluetooth is more useful when transferring data between two devices whereas WiFi is
more suited to full scale networks
Bluetooth does not buffer
The devices connected via Bluetooth should be near to each other whereas WiFi has a
larger range
Less data tends to be transferred with Bluetooth
Bluetooth uses a lower bandwidth
Eg sound data (phones) or file transfer (computers)
WiFi has better security than Bluetooth
Cost of Bluetooth is cheaper than WiFi
Bluetooth has a shorter password
Bluetooth devices are battery operated which needs to be replaced or recharged but
WiFi do not necessarily use batteries
To connect to the network need a Bluetooth adapter but WiFi needs a WiFi adapter, a
wireless router and a wireless access point
Bluetooth range is approx. 20m whereas WiFi is approx. 100m
Bluetooth is simple to use and setup but WiFi is more complex
Bluetooth/Wifi are both wireless can’t fall over the wires/move around the house
Saves money (on cables) as both do not require wires
Bluetooth is more energy efficient than wifi
in some cases 3% of the energy
PUBLISHED
1(a) graph plotter 1
1(b) speaker 1
1(c) 3D printer 1
1(d) monitor 1
2 true false 2
(✓) (✓)
An actuator is an item of software. ✓

Hardware is the physical components of a computer system. ✓
Software controls the operation of the computer. ✓
Spreadsheet is an example of systems software. ✓
2 marks for 4 correct ticks

1 mark for 3 or 2 correct ticks
0 marks for 1 or 0 correct ticks
3 4
Icon Meaning
Home
Next Slide
Final Slide
Print
Question Answer Mark
4(a) point 1
4(b) page orientation 1
4(c) gutter 1
4(d) orphan 1

PUBLISHED
5(a) Any six from: 6

− User telephones the bank telephone centre
− System asks for the long number on the credit / debit card / sort code and
account number / customer ID number
− The user taps out on the phone keypad / speaks the number
− System asks for certain characters in a password
− The user taps out the characters asked for
− System rejects the password
− The user re-enters the characters
− After three attempts the telephone connection drops
− System asks other security answers
− The user taps it in / speaks the answer
− System asks which service you require / options given
− Users tap in the number (transfer from one account to another)
− System asks number of account transfer from
− User taps in account number
− System connects with the bank account
− System asks for number of account transfer money to
− User taps in account number
− System asks amount to transfer
− User taps in the amount
− System asks when the transfer should happen
− The user taps in the date
− System ask you to confirm it/sends a text message / send email

− Sort code
− PIN
− Debit card number
− Bank account number
− Valid from
− Expires end

PUBLISHED

− Magnetic stripe
− RF / RFID
− Chip
− Bar code

− Fingerprint / Thumbprint
− Retina scan
− Voice
− Hand print
− Iris scan
− Face scan / recognition
6(c) Any two matched pairs: 4

− Book file«
− «This consists of all data on the books in the library
− Borrowers file«
− «This contains all the details of the students
− Loans file«
− «This acts as a link between the book and borrowers file. It contains the
details of the date borrowed and return date
6(d) [date_borrowed]+14 2
1 mark for [date_borrowed]

1 mark for +14

PUBLISHED
7(a) =IF(D2>=C2,”well done”,”needs improvement”) 3
1 mark for IF(D2>=C2,

1 mark for “well done”,
1 mark for “needs improvement”)

− Faster than editing each individual letter
− Fewer errors than retyping the data
− The data can be used for other applications
− The report template can be easily adapted for other mail merges
− Consistency in the reports
− Error checking only needs to be carried out once (on the data and the
template)
− Reduces the time taken to write out all the reports separately
7(c) Any three from: 3

− Spell check the master document
− Grammar check the master document
− Check consistency of the text
− Check merge fields are in the correct places
− Check the template and merge fields matches the house style
− Proof reading the data in the data source/check the data is correct
− Check the data source exists
− Validate the data in the data source

PUBLISHED
8(a) Field name Data type 4
Membership_number Number
Member_name Text
Membership_fee_paid Boolean
Telephone_number Text
Expiry_date_of_membership Date
Membership_fee_amount Currency
8(b) Membership_number > 200 OR Expiry_date_of_membership < 01/01/2017 5
1 mark for Membership_number

1 mark for > 200
1 mark for OR
1 mark for Expiry_date_of_membership
1 mark for < 01/01/2017
8(c) Benefits 6
Max five from:

− Membership details can be searched / sorted very quickly
− «useful if there are hundreds of members
− Membership details can be easily edited«

− «by searching for a record then changing / adding / deleting
− The data in the database can be backed up easily«

− «therefore preserving the records
− «creating an archive of past members
− Far more secure than other methods«

− «can be password protected
− Can be used as a source for mail merging«

− «saves re-writing the database
− Re-writing the data each time it is used would cause errors

− Re-writing the data each time it is used could take a lot of time
Drawbacks
Max five from:

− Need IT skills
− Need to have to correct software
− Can take up a lot of storage space / memory in the computer
− The software could be expensive to buy
− Training on how to use the software«
− «could be expensive for the club
One mark available for a reasoned conclusion

PUBLISHED
9 Any four from: 4

− ROM can only be read from whereas RAM can be read and written to
− ROM is non-volatile whereas RAM is volatile
− ROM stores the start-up instructions / boot file whereas RAM stores the
current instruction
− ROM is needed on boot up, whereas RAM is needed during processing /
storing data
10(a) Max 3 marks for the problems 6

Max 3 marks for the strategies of solving the associated problems
for example:
using the computer for a long period of time can affect my eyes/cause
headaches...
...take regular breaks to help with eye strain/headaches
hunching over the computer for a long period of time gives back ache/neck
ache...
...Using an ergonomic chair could stop this
Typing for a long period of time or by resting wrists on the table gives RSI...
...therefore a wrist rest/ergonomic keyboard is needed to reduce this.
Eye strain can be caused by looking at the screen too long«

«this is solved by placing a screen filter/using TFT technology
10(b) Any three matched pairs, for example: 6

− Tripping over loose wires«
− «tie them to the walls or under carpet / use cable runs / use wireless
− Heavy equipment falling«

− «sturdy tables needed / heavy equipment placed in centre of table
− Electrocution caused by spilt drinks / food«

− «do not take drinks to computer
− Fire from overloaded sockets«

− «use CO2 fire extinguisher
− ...don’t use 4 way adapters
− «keep the computer room well ventilated

PUBLISHED
11 1 mark for method, 1 mark for appropriate advantage. 6
Parallel running...
...has a backup of the data
Pilot running...
...only affects one branch if system goes wrong/other branches can learn from the
branch's mistakes
Phased implementation...
...if system fails still have most of old system to fall back on
«staff can be trained gradually

− Protection of software from being downloaded, copied, or borrowed...
− ...without the owner’s consent
− Protects the author of the software

− When the software is bought it comes with a unique activation code...
− ...this can only be used once and has to be typed in
− ..on a limited number of machines
− Use of holograms...
− ...this shows that the software is a real copy
− ...holograms cannot be photocopied
− Use of licence agreements

− The purchaser fills in a licence agreement
− ...and agrees to abide by the rules
− Execution of the encryption code requires a key to run
− Use of a dongle
− Guards hardware / software modules that have not been tampered with in
any way
− Digital signature on the CD

PUBLISHED

− A key-logger records the key strokes of a person using the computer
− Transfers / transmits the data back to the supervisor / manager
− The supervisor can then monitor what the employee has been doing / how
hard they have been working

− Monitoring phone call usage
− Monitoring emails
− Monitoring the time spent on and websites visited
− Monitoring the use of printers / number of copies
− Monitoring where employees log in / log out
− Monitoring when employees log in / log out
− Monitoring failed log ins
− Monitor the amount of storage space used
− Monitoring where they send data to print

PUBLISHED

Candidates will give reasoned advantages and disadvantages. There will be a
reasoned conclusion. They will relate the answer to both advantages and
disadvantages. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented
in a structured and coherent format.

Candidates will expand on advantages/disadvantages relating the answer to both
advantages and disadvantages. Some of the points may be one sided. There
may be a conclusion. For the most part the information will be relevant and

Candidates only list an advantage/disadvantage. Candidates only refer to either
advantages or disadvantages. Answers may be simplistic with little or no
relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)

Advantages
Simple to use as all have to do is hold the phone by the reader
No swiping of a card so less damage to the card
Faster method than swiping the card
No PIN
No signature
Stops shoulder surfing
As the credit card does not have to be physically present it cannot be stolen
The credit card number is not used in transactions
«stores do not gain access to names and numbers
No tracking of the data as there is no card
Several cards can be stored and selected
Everyone carries a phone nowadays
Doesn’t matter if you forget credit/debit card
Disadvantages
Need a compatible phone
Not available online
Stores need the reader
May be issues with connectivity as a phone is used
Hackers accessing the phone signal
Phones can run out of battery
There is a limit on how much can be paid
Older people may not have phones
More difficult for older people to use

0417/11 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2017
1(a) Dot matrix printer 1
1(b) Ink Jet printer 1
1(c) Laser printer 1
1(d) 3D printer 1
2(a) a hub 1
2(b) a router 1
2(c) a bridge 1
2(d) a switch 1
3 true false 2
(3) (3)
Answers to multiple choice exam papers can be read 3
using an Optical Mark Reader.
3
MICR reads the information on a credit card.
3
The chip on a credit card is read by a PIN reader.
3
An RFID chip can be used to track stock.

4 Design Implementation Evaluation 4

(3) (3) (3)
Comparing the outcomes with the 3
original task requirements
Change over to the new system 3
Identifying any limitations and 3
necessary improvements to the
system
Selecting validation routines 3

PUBLISHED 2017

The SSD is lighter in weight than the HDD therefore the laptop will be lighter
and more portable
The speed of access in SSD is a lot quicker
The speed of data transfer in SSD is a lot quicker
There is less chance of the data becoming corrupted as it can save whilst the
laptop is moving
It is a smaller device therefore the laptop will be smaller/thinner
SSD uses less energy
Less chance of impact damage

As the elements are separate units there is more choice of devices/can be
replaced if fails
Can be easier to upgrade
Easier to reduce glare on screen as it is separate
Laptop more expensive for same performance
Lower chance of it being stolen/lost
6 Any four from: 4

The internet is a public network whereas an intranet is a private
network/restricted access
An intranet is policed or managed whereas the internet has no rules
The data on an intranet is moderated whereas the internet is not moderated
An intranet is more secure than the internet
Internet has greater amount of information than an intranet

PUBLISHED 2017
7(a) Any five from: 7

Advantages
Robots can work in environments where humans would have difficulty i.e.
cooler and less light
Can work without breaks/non-stop/can work 24/7
Less expensive in the long run
Overall wage bill is reduced as there are fewer workers
Productivity is higher
Less mistakes are made/more accurate
Allow humans to do more skilled work than picking the tablets
Greater consistency
Any four from:

Disadvantages
Expensive to maintain (only if Less expensive in the long run
has not been given)
Expensive to purchase/set up
Replace labour, leads to increased redundancy payments
If the bar code damaged the human would read the number but robot cannot
think for itself
Maximum 7 marks.
7(b) Any six from: 6

Can be read at a greater distance
Don’t need to be positioned in line of sight
Can be updated easier
Read at faster rate
More reusable/more robust
Larger storage capacity
Greater security
Cannot misread if RFID grouped together
8 Unauthorised access to computer systems 1 mark 2
Any one from: 1 mark

Data on the computer system can be corrupted, edited, deleted, viruses
added
Data on the computer system can be copied/stolen/misused
Data on the computer system can be accessed/read

PUBLISHED 2017
9 Any three from: 3

She has not much space left on her hard disk even though she had
previously
Her computer is performing routine tasks a lot more slowly.
Pop ups keep appearing on her screen at random.
Her friends keep telling her that emails about strange things are being sent
by her
Random reboots
Software errors
Recycle bin not working
Computer hanging
Anti-virus stops working

Do not use pet names
Do not use personal information
Do not use birthdates
Do not use a password they have used before
Do not use company name

Conforms to company rules
Hard to guess
Stop shoulder surfing
Hard to crack
10(c) Double data entry 1
11(a) For example: 5

=IF(B2>=75,"Making progress", IF(B2>=50,"Satisfactory",IF(B2>=0,"Needs
improvement")))
or
=IF(B2>=75,"Making progress", IF(B2>=50,"Satisfactory","Needs
improvement"))
or
=IF(B2<=49,"Needs improvement", IF(B2<=74,"Satisfactory","Making
progress"))
1 mark for IF(«)

1 mark for B2>=75,
1 mark for B2>=50, / 1 mark for B2<=49,
1 mark for second IF(«)
1 mark for all of the outputs being correct;

PUBLISHED 2017
11(b)(i) Test data 4
e.g. any number between 75 and 100

e.g. any number between 50 and 74
Either 0 or 49
Either 50 or 74
11(b)(ii) Any two from: 2

To prove the system works as designed
So that the system can be implemented correctly/modify the system if errors
show up
Trapping all errors
Meets the user’s expectations/requirements
11(c) Any three from: 3

Select cells A1 to B21
Insert chart/click on the chart icon
Select bar chart
Add/edit titles/label the axes/legend
12(a) behaviour content presentation 4

(3) (3) (3)
To format whole web pages 3
Consists of navigation pointers. 3
Defined by the CSS 3
To enter scripting language to a web 3
page

HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure
Secure version of HTTP
All data is encrypted
Secure protocol identifier
Any two from:

Uniform Resource Locator
A reference/identify to a resource on the WWW/internet
Used as a simple way of addressing a resource

PUBLISHED 2017
13 Prolonged use of the keyboard 6

RSI/carpal tunnel syndrome
Any one from:

Use a wrist rest
Regular breaks to relax the hands
Stretching exercises
Use of an ergonomically designed keyboard
Looking at a monitor for a long period of time

Eye strain/headache/dry eyes
Any one from:

Resting the eyes by looking in the distance
Cutting down on glare
Making sure the screen is at eye level
Use of blue screen technology
Use of flat screen technology
Sitting too long in one position

Back problems/DVT
Any one from:

Foot rest
Taking breaks
Ergonomic/adjustable chair
14(a) Book_ID 1
14(b) Borrower_ID 1
14(c) One to Many/Many to One 1
14(d) Any two from: 2

Data is only stored once/avoids data duplication
Saves storage space
Complex queries can be carried out using several tables
Better security
Avoids inconsistent records/less errors
14(e) Field name Data type 4
Cost_of_Book Numeric/currency/real/fixed point decimal

Borrower_name Text/alphanumeric
Telephone_contact Text/alphanumeric
Date_due _Back Date/(date/time)

PUBLISHED 2017
15 Any four from: 5

Advantages
Helps to prevent illegal materials from being shown
Helps to prevent pornography (for minors)
Helps to prevent discussion groups that incite hatred, racism, etc
Ensure copyright laws are enforced
Remove the Dark Net
Safeguards the vulnerable
Any four from:

Disadvantages
Unsuitable material is easily available in other ways
The rise of mobile communications lessens the impact of the internet
Freedom of speech is restricted
Very difficult to enforce as the internet spans continents
Maximum 5 marks
Level 3 7–8 marks

Candidates will give reasoned benefits and drawbacks. The issues raised
will be justified. There will be a reasoned conclusion. The information will be
Level 2 4–6 marks

Candidates will give both benefits and drawbacks. The issues raised may be
justified. There may be a conclusion. For the most part the information will be
relevant and presented in a structured and coherent format.
Level 1 1–3 marks

Candidates may only give either benefits or drawbacks. Candidate might not
give reasons. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance
Level 0 0 marks

PUBLISHED 2017
16 Examples
Drawbacks
Loss of control of the data«
«as the data is controlled by a data storage provider
«the user needs to be able to trust the service provider and its staff
«security issues with the storing of the data with the provider
«fire/flood/electricity spikes can affect data without the user knowing
If data is not encrypted«
«can lead to security issues due to loss of control/hacking
If connection is lost then the cloud cannot be accessed«
«data could be lost due to this
If there is a mass/lot of data the data could be split over several servers«
«may have problems retrieving the data
«may lead to security issues
«data may be lost during the saving process
Cost of storing data may be higher than physical methods«
«most computers have storage so don’t need to purchase one
«private clouds can be expensive
Difficult to delete all copies of a file«
«as the data is stored/backed up several times
Benefits
The data is accessible anywhere«
«helps to migrate data from one device to another
«helps to synchronise data
Don’t have to buy storage devices«
«some devices do not have hard discs/storage
«cheaper than buying storage devices
«the cloud can be used for all storage requirements
More storage space than using physical devices«
«the cloud has lots of storage
Don’t have to manage the storage«
«the service provider manages the storage
«user does not have to worry about security measures as service provider
secures data
Allows many users to access the data«
... as the data is stored centrally
Only pay for the storage you use«
«much of the space on the hard disc may be wasted
The data is regularly backed up

PUBLISHED 2017
1 LAN WAN WLAN 4

(3) (3) (3)
The internet is an example of this type of network 3
A wired network found within a single building 3
This network uses wireless technology 3
This network is spread over a large geographical 3
area
2(a) a 3D printer 1
2(b) artificial intelligence 1
2(c) a robot 1
2(d) biometrics 1
3(a) Device 3
Data from the starting pistol is read by Sound sensor

this device
This device detects that the athlete has Pressure sensor
left the starting block
When the light beam is broken the data Infra-red sensor
is read by this device
3(b) Digital camera photograph – use a USB connection/insert the memory 2

card/use a memory card reader/download the photograph from the cloud/use
bluetooth connection/use wifi connection/connect a cable
Printed photograph – scan the image/use a scanner/photograph the image

using a digital camera

PUBLISHED 2017
4(a) 2
ICT
1
2
1 mark writing practical/theory or classwork/homework in level 1

1 mark for writing practical/theory or classwork/homework in level 2
or
1 mark for three correct boxes, for example 1, 2 and 2
4(b) For example: 1

ICT\Theory\Classwork\input_devices.rtf
Must be follow through from part (a)

Request made by entering a web address/URL or clicking on a link
Retrieves code from the server/resources downloaded
Interprets the code as a web page/uses page resources to build page
The web page is displayed/renders page to view
5(b) Any six from: 6

An intranet has restricted access/private network therefore public cannot gain
access/the internet is public access
The intranet is protected by passwords/More chances of hacking on the
internet
The intranet has reduced unauthorised access to material
The material may be sensitive on the intranet
Intranet only used in the organisation/internet is world wide
An intranet will only contain relevant information for the company
The company has more control of data on an intranet
An intranet is policed or managed/the internet has no rules
The data on an intranet is moderated/the internet is not moderated

PUBLISHED 2017
6 Image Safety issues Minimise the risk 8
Tripping over trailing Any one from:

wires/cables Use covered cable
runs
Tie cables to wall
Cover cables with
carpet
Use wireless
Organise wires
Electrocution from Any one from:
spilling drinks Do not take
drinks/food into
computer room
Keyboard covers
Fire from overloaded Any one from:

sockets One plug per
socket/reduce the
load on the socket
Use of RCB
Fire from Any one from:
overheating Use of CO2 fire
extinguishers
Fans and cooling
from open
windows/good
ventilation
7 Four from: 4
Be vigilant of others attempting to gain access to your data
Use up to date internet security software«
«antivirus, anti-spyware, firewall
Avoid giving out personal data (not name)
e.g. password, home address, email, age, (mobile)phone number
Be aware of addiction e.g. playing for too long
Be aware of hidden costs«
«read terms and conditions
Play authorised games that have a licence/trusted sites
Choose a user name that does not contain personal information
Use strong passwords
Keep the game up to date
Do not use identifiable images

PUBLISHED 2017
8 Any four from: 4

Use of corporate/same colours
Same font
Same style of font
Margins and white space look similar therefore showing it is part of the same
company
Graphics are similar
Logos are the same
Language used is the same on all documents within the group
Position of the images are the same
Blackline at the top with contact details
Same type of icon
Icons in same place on a white background
Use of branding
9(a)(i) Any two from: 2

Regularly updated
Website or web page
Run by an individual or small group/owner can only edit it
Written in an informal or conversational style
Online journal/diary/personal opinions
9(a)(ii) Any two from: 2

A website or database
Collaboration by a community of users/members of a group
Allowing any member to add and edit content.
9(a)(iii) Any two from: 2

Voice Over Internet Protocol
Method for the delivery of voice communications over Internet /Internet
Protocol/ IP networks
Examples: IP/internet/broadband telephone/broadband phone service.
9(b) Phishing Pharming Smishing 4

(3) (3) (3)
The sending of fraudulent 3
emails appearing to come from
legitimate companies in order to
steal passwords
Redirecting users to a bogus 3
website that looks authentic
Security attack where user is 3
tricked into downloading a virus
on to a cell phone
As the user types details they 3
are stored by the criminal

PUBLISHED 2017

VLOOKUP looks at the value in A9
A9 is the lookup value
$A$4:$B$6 – this is the lookup range
2 is the index value
or any three from:

It looks up value of A9
In the range $A$4:$B$6
And retrieves the corresponding value
In the second column of the range
10(b) 5%/0.05 1
10(c) For example (($E$3*C9)*D9) or 500*C9*D9 3
1 mark for $E$3

1 mark for *C9
1 mark for *D9
10(d) Absolute referencing 1 mark 3
Any two from:

If the formula is dragged down the column/replicated
Then the cell reference (associated with the $) does not change
So the user does not need to type in each formula separately
10(e) Three from: 3
Either
Highlight cells D9 / E9 / D9 and E9
Right click and copy
Highlight cells D10 to D16/ E10 to E16
Right click and paste formulas
Check values are correct
Or
Move to bottom right of cell D9/E9
Click the black square/drag handle«
«Drag down to row 16
Or
Fill down...
...to cell D16/E16
Or
Move to bottom right of cell D9/E9
Double click/click F4 on the keyboard the black square/drag handle

PUBLISHED 2017
11(a) Four from: 4

The programmer will not be familiar with the workings of the theatre/to
understand the requirements of the system
The solution may be easy for the programmer to use but not the users/make
it user friendly
The theatre manager is paying the programmer
The theatre manager may want enhancements that the programmer has not
thought of
The progress of the solution needs to be checked with the theatre manager
«in case the he/she changes his mind
The budget needs to be discussed (as it may involve purchasing new
hardware/software)
The timescale needs to be discussed

Speeds up the booking process
Customers may not have to travel to the theatre so save money in travelling
Customers may not have to travel to the theatre so save time in
travelling/queuing
Postage costs could be reduced
Can make/cancel/change a booking at any time
Can book several shows at same time
Booking can be carried out anywhere
12 Any three from: 3

The card may be read accidently
Only small amounts can be withdrawn
More chance of fraud if card is stolen/lost
May not be able to use the ATM as not everyone will be contactless due to
cost
Devices can read the cards wirelessly to steal money

Observation of the users
Interviewing the manager
Questionnaires given out to users
Examination of existing documents

Text
Static images
Moving images/animation/video
Sound

PUBLISHED 2017
14(a) Five from: 5

The data from the sensor is compared to the pre-set value
The pre-set value is set to show the minimum distance of the worker
If the values are the same/lower«
«the microprocessor sends a signal«
«to the actuator to stop the motor/robot
The microprocessor starts a timer
After a short while the microprocessor restarts the robot
The microprocessor stops the timer
If the values are different/higher
«the microprocessor does nothing/robot keeps moving
The process is continuous
14(b) Any three advantages: 4

Overall wage bill is reduced as there are fewer workers
Productivity is higher/the robot can work all day long therefore is more
efficient
It has a set path/route to follow which means that staff know when it is due
GPS can be used to show where it is in the building
Less expensive in the long run/doesn’t get paid
Less mistakes are made/more accurate
Allow humans to do more skilled work
Greater consistency
Work 24/7/without breaks
Any three disadvantages:

The cost of buying/set up robot is expensive
It can only carry out one task
Stairs can be a problem
Payload size can be an issue
Expensive to maintain (only if Less expensive in the long run
has not been given)
Replace labour, leads to increased redundancy payments
Maximum 4 marks.
15 Any three from: 3

A window plus reasonable example
An icon/buttons/tabs plus reasonable example
A menu/drop down menu plus reasonable example
Pointer (to point to items on the menu) plus reasonable example

PUBLISHED 2017

Candidates will give reasoned advantages and disadvantages. The issues
raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned conclusion. The information
will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and coherent
format.

Candidates will give both advantages and disadvantages. The issues raised
may be justified. There may be a conclusion. For the most part the
information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent
format.

Candidates may only give either advantages or disadvantages. Candidate
might not give reasons. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance
Level 0 (0 marks)
The following are examples only:

Due to laptops/tablets/smart phones banking can take place on the move
therefore there is no need to go to a bank
Fewer banks are available to customers
Non IT literate user/ users without equipment will have less access to banking
Need to purchase a computer
Need internet/broadband connection
There is a chance of bank fraud due to devices being used
There is little physical money
Physical money cannot be withdrawn or deposited
Could mismanage account/make a mistake by pressing wrong button
Requires stable internet connection, to ensure is doesn’t disconnect midway
through a transaction
Available 24/7
Available anywhere your computer can get an internet connection
Saves customers money by not having to travel to the branch
Saves customers time by not having to travel to the bank or stand in queues.

PUBLISHED 2017
1(a) a Blu-ray disc 1
1(b) ROM 1
1(c) A magnetic tape 1
1(d) RAM 1
2 application system 2
(3) (3)
Linker 3
Database management systems 3
Photo-editing software 3
Compiler 3
4 correct answers - 2 marks
2 or 3 correct answers - 1 mark
0 or 1 correct answers - 0 marks
3 true false 2
(3) (3)
CRT monitors use more power than TFT monitors 3
A touch screen can be used as an input device or an 3
output device
A dot matrix printer produces high quality graphics 3
A motor is an input device 3
4 correct answers - 2 marks
2 or 3 correct answers - 1 mark
0 or 1 correct answers - 0 marks

PUBLISHED 2017
4 Tick 3
(3)
Compare with source document 3
Carry out a range check on the data
Only accept alphabetic characters
Get a second person to read through the document 3
Ensure the data is 100% accurate
Type in the data twice and compare versions 3
Calculate a check digit
Check spelling
5 Any three from: 3

Part time working
Job-sharing
Compressed hours
Flexible hours/flexi-time

Click on the image
Move the pointer to the (right hand) corner of the image
Click LH mouse button and drag to new size
or
Click on the image
Click on size
Type in the dimensions
Select maintain aspect ratio
6(b) Cropping tool/crop 1
6(c) Any two from: 2

Click on the image
Select format picture
Select compress image/change the resolution
Select email and OK
or
click on image
save as a different file type/jpg

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The whole system should have been tested
The operator should have checked the meter reading against the previous
one
The bill should have been checked before it was sent
Linkages between modules should have been tested

Less expensive as the old system is removed before new one starts with
parallel there are two systems
There is only one set of workers but with parallel there are two sets and
therefore more expensive
Benefits are immediate but the parallel old system is phased out when new
system is working
Don’t need to maintain integrity of duplicate set of data, parallel running has
two sets of data.

Scrambling of data
Converting data into an unreadable form
Protects sensitive data
Requires an encryption key/decryption key/key to encrypt data
Requires a decryption key/encryption key/public or private keys to decrypt
data

Allows people/organisations/computers to exchange secure information over
the internet
Uses a PKI (Public Key Infrastructure)
Unique key used by the sender and receiver

Chip reader
Contactless reader/RFID reader/NFC reader
Using a manual/physical imprint card reader

PUBLISHED 2017

Advantages
Saves time rather than travelling to the shops/No waiting in queues therefore
saves time shopping
Saves cost of travelling to the shops
Orders can be repeated at the touch of a button
Schedule in advance/choose time for delivery
Can shop worldwide
Shop 24/7
Shop from anywhere there is an internet connection
Overall wage bill decreases
Smaller/fewer shops needed reduces costs
More customers from around world
Any three from:

Disadvantages
Extra costs for delivery/tax
With fruit and vegetables customer cannot choose the ripest/best goods
Takes time to order
Problems if items are forgotten/alternative goods delivered
Need a computer/device and stable internet connection
Need online payment method
Takes time to deliver
Need to be in when the goods arrive
Loses loyalty
Increased delivery drivers (therefore more expensive)
To gain full marks candidates need at least one advantage/disadvantage.
Maximum 4 marks
10(a) An anchor is a link within the web page/It is the destination 1 mark 3
Any two from:

Example media file, image in a hyperlink
Used to move (quickly) to the top of the page
Used to link to another web page
Used to link to a media file
Used to link to a program
Used to link to an image
10(b) <a id="Top"></a> 3

<a href=”#Top”>top</a>
Any three from:

1 mark for <a id=”Top”>
1 mark for <a href=
1 mark for “#Top”>
1 mark for both </a>

PUBLISHED 2017
10(c) A web browser views information on the internet/Views webpages/websites 1
11(a) Direct data entry device Tick 3
Bar code reader 3

Magnetic Ink Character Reader
Magnetic stripe readers 3
Keyboard
Mouse
RFID chip reader 3
11(b) Six from: 6

Converts the image of the thumbprint into a code
Searches for the code in its database«
...until a matching record is found
...or error returned
Reads the number of books from the borrowers record/on loan
if less than 6 transaction continues«
...otherwise error message produced
Searches the books table for the book code data
...until a matching book record is found
...flag as book as being borrowed
...produces error message if no match
Updates the borrowers table
Updates the books table
12(a) ID_number Format check/length check 1 mark 3

Connectivity Lookup check/length check 1 mark
Price Range check/limit check 1 mark
12(b) All five correct fields 2 marks 5

three correct fields 1 mark
less than three fields 0 marks
Any three from:

Appropriate spacing in the text box
Forward and backward arrows
drop down/radio buttons for connectivity
Individual boxes for price
Fills the page and is clearly a screen input form
submit button/new form/clear/help button

PUBLISHED 2017
12(c) Price<$200.00 AND Connectivity=4G 5
Price 1 mark
<$200.00 1 mark
AND 1 mark
Connectivity 1 mark
=4G 1 mark
13 Five from: 5
A list of performances/shows is displayed
Customer selects a performance/show
A list of dates/times is displayed
Customer selects a date/time
A plan of the seats are displayed
A customer selects the number of seats to book/number of people
A customer selects the location of the seats
Displays the payment page/shows the booking information
Customer selects checkout
To gain full marks there must be at least one input and at least one output
14 Five from: 6
Disadvantage
The cost of producing new cards
The cost of producing new readers
The cost of re-writing the ATM software
They are liable to fraud therefore compensate customers...
...Increasing costs
Less money removed at transaction therefore potentially more small
transactions
...Increased administration
...Increased hardware use
Five from:
Advantage
The cards last longer as they are not in contact with the machine
Attracts new customers
Reducing the cost of replacement cards
Reduction in fraud as less money taken out
Cards not retained therefore less cost for replacements
The transactions are faster
If one side of the argument i.e. all advantages/disadvantages then 5 marks

maximum

PUBLISHED 2017
15(a) Measurement Expert 6

Control (only) systems
(3) (3) (3)
Computerised glasshouse 3
Burglar alarm 3
Chess games 3
Automatic washing machines 3
Recording weather conditions 3
Monitoring air pollution 3
15(b) An analogue to digital convertor is used to convert analogue data to digital 2

data
Data from the sensor is input in analogue form
Computers only understand digital data
15(c) Knowledge base 4

Inference engine
Rules base
User interface
16 OMR – Optical mark reader/recognition 4

Example – Lottery tickets/multiple choice answers/reads marks on papers
MICR – Magnetic ink character reader/recognition
Example – Cheques/reads the data from the bottom of bank cheques

PUBLISHED 2017
Level 3 7–8 marks

Candidates will give reasoned advantages and disadvantages. The issues
raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned conclusion. The information
will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a structured and coherent
format.
Level 2 4–6 marks

Candidates will give both advantages and disadvantages. The issues raised
may be justified. There may be a conclusion. For the most part the
information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent format.
Level 1 1–3 marks

Candidates may only give either advantages or disadvantages. Candidate
might not give reasons. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance
Level 0 0 marks
The following are examples only
Examples for advantages of social networking

Increase the number of friends worldwide
Send and receive live images instantaneously
Real time information sharing
Common groups can be formed more easily i.e. friends or social grouping and
these keep in contact
easier to advertise
«to a larger number of people
easier to publicise events/activities
«music videos
Speed of news increases
Similar interests can contact each other
Examples for disadvantages of social networking

Reduces face to face communication/relationships
Problem with sarcasm increases as it appears as rudeness
Cyber-bullying increases
Grooming increases
Harder to ignore people
Risks of fraud increases
Risks of identity theft increases
Risks of burglary as holiday reporting increases
Time wasting increases
Invasion of privacy increases
Addiction to social networking
Needs the internet
Needs computer/device

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Generic Marking Principles
These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers.
They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors
for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles.
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:
Marks must be awarded in line with:
• the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
• the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
• the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.
Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).
Marks must be awarded positively:
• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit
is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme,
referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these
features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The
meaning, however, should be unambiguous.
Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.
Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question
(however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate
responses seen).
Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

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1(a) System 1
1(b) Applications 1
1(c) A printer 1
1(d) A compiler 1
2 Magnetic 4
Optical Chip
Ink Bar code
Mark and PIN
Character reader
Reader reader
Reader (3)
(3) (3)
(3)
Debit card 3
Bank cheques 3
A candidate’s
responses for multi-
3
choice exam
questions
A label on a can of
3
soup
3(a) Two from: 2

Create prosthetics
Create dental implants
Create customised tablets
Create skeletal model
Create blood vessels
Create anatomical models for surgery
3(b) Two from: 2

Create MRI scan images
Create ultrasound images
Create 3D views of our internal organs

PUBLISHED
4 CD DVD Blu-ray 4
(3) (3) (3)
Stores lower quality audio files 3
Has the highest storage
3
capacity
The RAM version of this media
is used to record and play
3
recorded images at the same
time
Stores high definition movies 3
5(a) Two from: 2

css – Cascading Style sheet
Plain text file format
Used by web pages to produce a consistent format between different web
pages
Used in the presentation layer
5(b) Two from: 2

.htm – hypertext markup (language file format)
Plain text file format
Used in the content layer
Consists of a set of markup symbols/codes
Tells the web browser how to display the page
6(a) Type of 5
Test data Expected Result
data
3.4 Normal Alert
1.5 or 2.5 Extreme Aware
1.9 Normal Aware
2.5 or 1.5 Extreme Aware
Positive number below 1.5 Normal Safe
Negative numbers/text Abnormal Error
If 1.5 used in 2nd test data then 2.5 must be used in 4th and vice versa

PUBLISHED
6(b) =IF(C4>2.5,"Alert", IF(C4>=1.5,"Aware", IF(C4<0,"Error","Safe"))) 5
IF(C4>=1.5, 1 mark
“Aware”, 1 mark
IF(C4<0, 1 mark
“Error”, 1 mark
“Safe”))) 1 mark
6(c) Two from: 2

Select all cells in the spreadsheet
Right click and uncheck locked to unlock the cells
Highlight B4 to B9
select locked to lock the cells
Click review protect sheet
De-select/un-check locked cells
6(d)(i) bar (chart) 1
6(d)(ii) Four from: 4

Highlight/select/choose A3 to C9
Click Insert
Select graph/chart
Add/create a chart title
Add/create a legend
Or
Four from:
Highlight/select/choose A4 to C9
Click Insert
Select graph/chart
Add/create a chart title
Add/create data heading
Add/create a legend
Add/create axes titles
6(e) Four from: 4

Safer than a human measuring the depth of flood water
Continuous measurement/monitoring can be carried out 24/7
More accurate readings can be taken
The readings will be recorded immediately
Won’t forget to take readings
Charts can be produced automatically
More frequent readings can be taken

PUBLISHED
7 Tick 3
(9)
CPU means Computer Processing Unit
Data in RAM is not lost when the computer is turned off
ROM is Read Only Memory 9
A printer is an input device
A touch screen can be an input device and an output
9
device
The control unit is part of the CPU 9
The CPU is stored on the hard disk
A pen drive is an example of internal memory
8(a) Six from: 6

Add more navigation/control buttons
for forward/backward/cancel/clear form
Add navigation buttons to make it easier to navigate between pages
Cancel/clear button allows the user the clear the form if errors are made
Fill the screen with the data
Add larger font size
Change font colour to contrasting colours
Change to appropriate size of the boxes to write in the data
Use character boxes for telephone number/ref. No.
Better layout on the screen
Instructions to enter data
8(b) Four from: 4

Type the master document/load the master document
Start the mail merge
Attach the database as the data source
Insert appropriate fields/placeholder from the data source
Insert special fields such as automated date field
Select records to merge
Select recipients
Merge a document with selected fields
Save/preview and print/email letters
9 Three from: 3
Scrambling of data
Data cannot be understood by humans if intercepted
Requires the use of an encryption key/ public key/ key to encrypt
Requires the use of a decryption key/key/encryption key to decrypt

PUBLISHED
10(a) Five from: 6

A moderated forum is checked/maintained by a moderator/administrator
Moderated forums can reduce freedom of speech/can be biased/Un-
moderated forum allows people to post what they like
The moderated forum does not allow inappropriate comments to be posted
on the site
Examples of inappropriate language: racist, offensive, swear words,
phishing attempts, spam, abusive, unrelated comments – Minimum of 2
examples gains a mark
In a moderated forum those who continually break the rules are banned
Un-moderated tend to be used for spam attacks or phishing attacks
Moderated may be more expensive as they have to appoint a moderator
Posting of moderated comments are delayed as they have to be checked
One from
Both are interactive websites
Both are discussions
Both require networked computers
To gain full marks at least one comparison/similarity is required
10(b) Blog Wiki Email 4

(3) (3) (3)
Interactive cricket club web
page that can be viewed and 3
edited by users
An online journal written by the
3
club secretary
Transmission of messages sent
directly to the secretary of the 3
cricket club
Club members cannot edit the
3
comments posted online
10(c) Three from: 3

Open the file with image editing software
Select the image
Click on Format
Deselect aspect ratio
Change size to 1.3 cm height and 1 cm width/Type in correct measurements
in both width and height
10(d) Two from: 2

They protect the rights of the artist
To control when and how his work can be used or copied.
It prevents others from using the image without permission

PUBLISHED
11 User Technical 5
Both
documentation documentation
(3)
(3) (3)
Purpose of the
3
system
Program listing 3
Input format 3
Error messages 3
Hardware
3
requirements
12(a) Six from: 6

Benefits
SSD is stored within the computer therefore Ananya has control over her
data/in cloud the control may be lost
SSD is a physical storage device in the laptop therefore is present at all
times/the cloud is external to the laptop
Once SSD is purchased there are no more costs/the cloud may have costs
for extra storage
There needs to be internet access when saving to the cloud/SSD does not
necessarily need internet
Transferring data to the SSD may take less time than cloud/low bandwidth
May be more difficult to find data on the cloud than with SSD
Easier to hack the cloud as the data is stored for a long period of time on
many servers/less easy to hack SSD as only security on the laptop
Drawbacks
With the cloud data can be accessed on several devices/SSD would have to
have some method of transferring it.
Extra storage can be set automatically on the cloud/SSD is a fixed size
SSD Device can easily be misplaced/damaged
Backups are automatic on the cloud/SSD you may have to set up
To gain full marks there needs to be both benefits and drawbacks
12(b) Three from: 3

This allows her to type/enter one email and send it to all her friends at the
same time by only typing/entering the name of the group
There is no need to remember her friends email addresses
Fewer errors in the addresses as they are in a list
Saves time to enter the email addresses rather than typing them out
Ensure she does not miss any of her friends out

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13 Matched pairs 6
Electrocution – 1 mark
One from:
No drinks/food allowed in the computer room
Make sure all electrical sockets equipped with RCB/Residual Circuit Breaker
Cover all loose wires
Check the equipment regularly
Fire – 1 mark
One from:
Use a CO2 fire extinguisher
One plug for one socket
Do not overload sockets
Reduce the need for 4 way adapters
Tripping over trailing cables – 1 mark

One from:
Use cable ducts/place cables under carpet
Fasten cables to the wall
Use wireless
Organise cables
Injuries caused by heavy equipment falling off tables – 1 mark

One from:
Use sturdy tables
Place equipment in the middle of the table

PUBLISHED

Candidates will address both the benefits of using robots and the drawbacks
of using robots
A discussion of each aspect and comparisons made with human workforce
The benefits and drawbacks of using a human workforce will be explained
The issues raised will be justified
There will be expansion on each of the points made
There will be a reasoned conclusion
The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in a

Candidates will address both the benefits of using robots and the drawbacks
of using robots.
There will be an expansion of the comment beyond a simple statement
Justification will be limited to one side of the argument
There may be a conclusion
For the most part the information will be relevant and presented in a

Candidates may only address either the benefits of using robots or the
drawbacks of using robots.
The answers given will be statements of fact
The answers may not relate to the question
Level 0 (0 marks)
Examples:
Benefits of using robots
Port can operate 24/7
Robots work 24/7/all day
Cost is reduced as there is no need to have a massive work force
Less health and safety issues
The robot can easily identify each container to quickly transfer to the lorries
Less expensive in the long term
Greater precision
Higher productivity
Less likely to drop the containers
Drawbacks of using robots

Initial cost is very high
Maintenance cost is high
Some workers are needed to monitor the operation, therefore specialist
work
All containers need to be of the same design and type
If something goes wrong, it may be difficult to easily find the error

PUBLISHED
responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1(a) A numeric keypad 1
1(b) An interpreter 1
1(c) A 3D printer 1
1(d) A speaker 1
2 4
Magnetic DVD
Blu-ray
tape RAM
Does not require a laser to read the data. ✓
Uses serial access only. ✓
Used to store and play HD movies. ✓
Can store and read data at the same time. ✓
3(a) Wide Area Network 1
3(b) Local Area Network 1
4 Mouse 3
Touch screen
Remote control
5(a) Microprocessor reads digital data 3

Data needs to be converted so the microprocessor can understand/read the
data
Sensor reads analogue data

PUBLISHED
5(b) Five from: 5

The microprocessor will not forget to take readings whereas the human might
Response time to process the data is faster than manual methods
The system is automatic, so workers can be doing other tasks
Microprocessor can monitor continuously / 24/7
The readings will be more accurate
More readings can be taken at once
Safer to take the readings as the user does not need to go close to the geyser
The sensors can remain in place for longer periods of time
The microprocessor can automatically create graphs
Data can be analysed / processed faster
6 2
moderated un-moderated
(✓) (✓)
All posts are held in a queue. ✓
Posts are not policed. ✓
This forum reduces the chance of offensive

✓
messages.
This stops several postings of the same

✓
topic.

1 correct – 0 marks
7 h1 6
; (semi-colon) missing after serif
text-align: centre should be text-align: center
h2
text-decoration: underlined should be text-decoration: underline
body
the brackets [ ] should be { }
table
border-style: dot should be border-style: dotted
border width: 3px should be border-width: 3px

PUBLISHED
8 Max four from: 6

Neither introduce the system as a whole new system (across the company) /
both introduce system in parts
Both allow for the performance of the new system to be thoroughly assessed /
tested
Both allow gradual training
Both take time to introduce the whole of the new system (to the whole
company)
Only one distinct part is being used so safer to implement
Max four from:

Pilot implementation
Whole system is implemented in one branch / one office at a time
If the new system fails only one branch is affected
Implemented in a company which has many branches all doing the same
work
New system is implemented part by part
Only one part is being implemented but could affect other departments
To gain full marks at least one point from each section is needed, both pilot
and phased must also have been compared.
9(a) 5
Breed_of_cow Text
Date_of_birth Date
Weight_of_cow Numeric: decimal/real
Average_milk_yield Numeric: decimal/real
Animal_passport_number Text
9(b) Animal_passport_number 1
9(c) Matched pairs 2

Format check
The data is in the format 3 digits ‘/’ 4 digits
or
Length check
Length of exactly 8 characters

PUBLISHED
9(d) Max five from: 6

Highlight A7 to B16
Hide row 6
Select insert
Select graph
Choose chart – bar chart
Add chart title
Title example milk yield for cow 971 / 2016
Add axes titles
Add a legend
Right click and select move to new sheet
Type an appropriate title / name on the tab
Save the chart
1 mark for the name of the new sheet – Allow any appropriate name
10(a) 4
Tick
(✓)
Inputs to the current system.
Data capture forms. ✓
Report layouts. ✓
Limitations of the system.
Observation methods.
Improvements to the system.
User and information requirements.
Validation routines. ✓
Problems with the current system.
File structure. ✓
10(b) This is data that has been used with the current system / data not created for 2
test purposes
Therefore the results are known

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10(c) Three from: 3

program listing
program language
program flowcharts/algorithms
system flowcharts
file structures
list of variables
test runs
validation routines
11(a) Five from: 5

An Interactive user interface appears
Questions are asked about the illness
Yes and No type answers to the questions
Answers lead to other questions
The inference engine searches «
« the knowledge base «
« using the rules base
Probabilities / possibilities of diagnoses and treatments are displayed
Displays the ways it achieved the solutions / conclusions / explanation system
11(b) Two from: (for example) 2

Mineral prospecting
Chess games
Tax queries
Careers recommendations
12(a) Three from: 3

Webcam / video camera
Speakers / headset / headphones
Large monitor / television / data projector
Microphone

PUBLISHED
12(b) Three from: 3

Time lag / lip sync caused by the image not being synchronised with the
sound
Poor picture quality caused by the speed of connection / quality of the
hardware
More likely to have poorer sound quality caused by the quality of the
hardware / connection
Confidential material about the new cars may have to be signed / viewed in
person
The new car may have to be viewed in person
Hardware breakdown stops the conference taking place
Communication breakdown stops the conference taking place
Different time zones will mean the conference has to take place at
inconvenient times
12(c) Max two marks from: 3

Scrambling / encoding of data / convert plain text to cypher text
Uses encryption software / key to encrypt it
Requires a decryption / encryption key / software to decrypt
Max two marks from:

Meaningless to the hacker
Secures data being transferred from computer to computer
To gain full marks the answer must include both explanation and use
13 Electrocution, caused by touching bare wires / allowing food and drink to spill 4
liquids on to computers
Falling objects can cause injury
Tripping over loose cables can cause injury
Fire caused by overloading power sockets / overheating computers
14(a) Two from: 2

Three-dimensional, computer generated environment
It can be explored and interacted with, by a person
Can manipulate objects or perform a series of actions
Replicates an environment
Makes use of the sensory experience
14(b) Two from: 2

Virtual reality headset / head mounted display / Virtual reality goggles
Speakers / headphone
The tactile glove
Joystick / controllers / driving wheel

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15(a) Test data any whole number from 0 to 400 2

Data is within the range / acceptable / valid
15(b) Test data any number below 0 / above 400 / letters / decimals 2
Data outside the limits of acceptability / validity
15(c) Test data of 0 or 400 2

Data at the limits of acceptability / validity
16(a) Two from: 2

Short for web log
Personal internet journal / online diary
Owners’ observations / opinions on a topic / single author
Others can post comments
Frequently updated by owner
Postings tend to be in (reverse) chronological order
Blog is a website
16(b) Two from: 2

Allows users to create / edit web pages using a web browser
Many people can contribute / edit / update entries / collaborative
Members of the group can contribute
Holds information on many topics which can be searched
Postings are not in chronological order
Structure is determined by content / users
Wiki is a website or software
Wiki is usually objective

PUBLISHED
Award one mark for each advantage / disadvantage but follow the rules below

Must have achieved all of level 2
Award a mark for justification of at least one point raised
Award a mark for a reasoned conclusion

For level 2 there must be both advantages and disadvantages up to a max of
six and achieved level 1

For level one there must be advantages or disadvantages up to max 3
Level 0 (0 marks):
Advantages:
No longer need to travel to the store saves cost of travelling to the store saves
time in travelling to the store
Saves time shopping as favourite lists can be produced
Saves time shopping around different stores
Can shop world-wide without leaving home
Wider range of shops
Customers can shop 24/7
Customers get more leisure as they save time shopping
Customers can compare the prices of different stores without leaving the
home
Shopping can take place (using mobile devices) anywhere there is an internet
connection
Goods are delivered to the home; no need to collect them
Can see the physical objects in store and then have the advantages of
shopping online
Customers can see the physical object and then select goods to match
themselves
Goods bought on line can be picked up in store at a convenient time
No need to walk around the store as the customer can arrive and pick up the
goods; saving time
Disadvantages
Makes people lazy/lack of exercise
Over-reliance on computers
Security issues: for example: hacking / stealing credit card details / virus
attack / spyware attack / phishing / pharming
Need to buy a computer / mobile system and internet connection
Needs a reliable internet connection
Goods can take time to arrive
There may be delivery costs
Can order items that you don’t wish to order / mis-manage the ordering

PUBLISHED
responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1(a) Processor / CPU 1
1(b) Motherboard 1
1(c) Sound card 1
1(d) RAM / Random Access Memory 1
2 4
3D dot matrix Laser
(9) (9) (9)
A printer that uses toner. 9
A printer that uses continuous stationery. 9
A printer that can be used to make physical

9
models.
A printer that prints layer by layer. 9
3 4
LAN WAN WLAN
(9) (9) (9)
A cabled network in a building. 9
A network that can use satellites. 9
A network that connects countries. 9
A network that uses wireless technology. 9
4(a) a dongle 1
4(b) encryption 1
4(c) quantum cryptography 1
4(d) a PIN 1

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5 2
CD RW Hard disk Monitor
Mouse RAM ROM
6(a) <td rowspan="3"><img src="Logo.jpg" alt="Tawara School 5

Logo"></td>
One mark for each point

<td rowspan = ”3”>
<img
src = ”Logo.jpg”
alt = ”Tawara School logo”>
</td>
or <td rowspan="3"><img alt="Tawara School Logo”

src="Logo.jpg"></td>
One mark for each point

<td rowspan = "3">
<img
alt = "Tawara School Logo”
src = "Logo.jpg">
</td>
6(b) <td colspan="3"><h1>IGCSE ICT </h1></td> 2
1 mark for <td colspan

1 mark for ="3">
7(a) Three from: 3

The RFID reader sends radio waves / signal to the RFID antenna in the tag
Tag sends radio wave / signal back to the reader
The radio waves move from the tag’s antenna to the microchip / IC ...
« a signal is generated and sent back to the RF system
The RF wave is detected by the reader which interprets the data.
7(b) Three from: 3

The goat passes the RFID reader
The RFID reader extracts data from the tag
The ID is compared with data stored in the database
The feed for the goat is then selected / identified / read from the database

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8(a) D6*0.2 2
1 mark for D6
1 mark for *0.2
Order does not matter
8(b) VLOOKUP(D6, I$6:J$11,2) 5
One mark for each

VLOOKUP()
(D6,
I6:J11,
correct use of $
2)
or
One mark for each
IF(D6<$I$7, J$6,
IF(D6<$I$8, J$7,
IF(D6<$I$9, J$8,
IF(D6<$I$10, J$9,
IF(D6<$I$11, J$10, ,J$11)))))
8(c) Two from: 2
Click on the cell / F6

Move to the bottom RHS cell
Select drag handle / cross / black box / double click on drag handle
Drag handle / cross to F13
or
Click fill «
... down
or
Click copy
Select F7 to F13
Click paste
or
Hover over the cell / F6
Move to the bottom RHS cell
Drag handle / cross to F13

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8(d) Five from: 5

Create / choose a template of the brochure page
Type in the text «
... about the auction / date / name of seller / commission
Highlight the data in the spreadsheet
Open word processing / text editing software
Copy the text / data / image and paste into the brochure
Position the data / text
Select the image from the folder
Insert the image of the items
Position the image in a suitable location
Check spellings / grammar
Save the brochure
9(a) Three from: 3

The sensors can drain power from the car
Faulty sensors / poorly calibrated can give incorrect readings and the car
could collide with an obstacle
If the car’s computer malfunctions the sensors will not work
People are unsure if it is safe to use the system
It can give a false sense of security / over-reliance
Needs to be turned off in traffic jams
9(b) Four from: 4

Destination is input by driver
Exact position of motor vehicle is continually calculated using GPS «
« using data transmitted from 3 / 4 satellites
The on board computer contains pre-stored road maps
The car’s position is displayed on the map / route displayed
Algorithm calculates the route from current car’s position to destination «
« makes allowances for traffic jams / roadworks
Car system receives regular updates of traffic conditions
Outputs the journey time/ETA of journey / voice output
Calculates the journey time / ETA of journey time
Outputs speed limits / cameras / warning speed limit

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10(a) Max four from: 6
Advantages
Robots can work in sterile areas where humans would need protective
clothing
Robots can easily be used for transferring large delicate items
Robots can work 24/7 / continuously
Cheaper in the long run / robots not paid
More accurate as the lens needs to be precise / higher quality of lens
More frequent checking of the equipment / lens
They do the boring / laborious work
Issues can be found quicker
Task / job can be carried out far quicker
Max four from:
Disadvantages
Very expensive to buy / higher in the short term
Maintenance is very expensive
Difficult to re-program when changes are made
Requires backup systems, which are expensive
They replace skilled workers, leading to de-skilling
They need constant observation which increases the cost of maintenance
crews.
If something goes wrong, it may be difficult to find the error
10(b) Four from: 4

Each module has to be tested independently to ensure it functions correctly
Modules need to be tested together
Data needs to be transferred from module to module to check for data
clashes
Errors need to be noted and the corrections made «
... then tested again
The system as a whole needs to be fully tested under controlled conditions
10(c) Three from: 3

Purpose of the system / program
Input format
Output formats
Sample runs

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11(a) Three from: 3

Track zero / sector zero could be erased
Files / data can be deleted / destroyed
Files / data can be corrupted / damaged
System files can be corrupted if on the hard disk
Disk space can fill up
11(b) Matched pairs: 2

Clicked on / opened a spam email
Opened / downloaded the email attachment / embedded image
Clicked on / opened a spam email

Clicked on a link to a website within the email
Opening software from a portable device / medium

Running it without being checked by up to date anti-virus software
Sharing a portable device / medium

But not checking it with an up to date anti-virus software before opening
11(c) Three from: 3

Detects a potential virus
Compares the virus coding with its database
Alerts the user of the potential virus
It asks the user if the file can be deleted or not
Deletes the file and virus
Isolates / quarantines the infected files on the hard disk «
... so they cannot infect the computer
Dis-infects / cleans the file
12 Four from: 4
Audio-conferencing does not have time lag
Lip sync errors cannot occur on audio-conferencing
In video-conferencing sound quality can be poorer
Video-conferencing needs expensive / extra hardware
Video-conferencing requires the internet
In video-conferencing there is a lack of stability of the system / communication
as there is more chance of it disconnecting / hanging
In audio-conferencing only voice is sent / received in video-conferencing
sounds and vision is sent / received this can cause issues

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13 4
Tick
(9)
Virus
Backache 9
Electrocution
Fire
RSI 9
Tripping
Eye strain 9
Overheating
Headache 9
Heart attack
14 Max three types of use from: 4

Gather information
Can be used as a direction finder
Visualise what something will look like in real life
Could be used for facial recognition
Max three examples from:

Examples of gathering information about a building / painting / products
Giving information about the area you are moving in / finding your way in an
airport / railway station / shopping mall etc.
Used by archeologists / architects / interior designers / try on clothes / trying
makeup / colour of clothing / placing furniture point it at a word to link to the
thesaurus / get its meaning / translation / modern landscape / room
Used by the police to recognise suspects

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The biometric data is unique to the person
The biometrics cannot be forgotten / stolen / shared like passwords
The person needs to be present to enter the data
Difficult to replicate / forge / fake / duplicate
Award one mark for any two examples

Examples: fingerprint / palm print / facial recognition / hand geometry / iris /
retina scan / voice
15(b) Four from: 4

The reader checks the amount to pay is less than the contactless limit
The data is read from the chip using RFID / NFC
The restaurant’s bank's computer contacts the customer’s bank's computer
The card is checked if it is valid
If valid the transaction continues
If not valid the transaction is terminated
An authorisation code is sent to the restaurant
The price of the meal is deducted from the customer’s account
Added to the restaurant’s account

PUBLISHED
Award a mark for each benefit or drawback but follow the rules below

To gain a level 3 there must be a reasoned conclusion and a justification
Must have achieved all of level 2
Award a mark for good justification of one of the points raised

For level 2 there must be advantages and disadvantages
Must have achieved all of Level 1

For level 1 there must be advantages or disadvantages up to three
Level 0 (0 marks):
Examples of answers written below
Advantages of relational databases

Less data entry / data is stored only once / avoids duplication of data
Less inconsistency of data
Easier to edit data / records
Easier to edit data / record format
Easier to add / delete data / records
More complex queries can be carried out
Better security
More ability to cater for future requirements / expansion
Disadvantages of relational databases

More complex than a flat file database as more tables are required
Takes more time to set up
More of a reduction in performance if many tables are needed
Slower extraction of meaning from data
Less robust due to broken keys and records / each table requires a key field
and relationships to other tables
More developer expertise / personnel to run the database:
More expensive to create a relational database
More processing power needed for complex queries.
Advantages of flat file databases

All records are stored in one place
Easier to understand / use
Sorting is simpler
Filtering is simpler
Can be used with a spreadsheet / single table DBMS

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16 Disadvantages of a flat file database

Data is more likely to be duplicated / difficult to stop duplication
Records can be duplicated and the flat file will not stop this
Harder to update
Every record in the database has to have the same fields, even though many
are not used
Harder to change data format
Harder to produce complex queries
Almost no security

PUBLISHED
responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1(a) ROM 1
1(b) Internal hard disk 1
1(c) RAM 1
1(d) Video card 1
2 4
Desktop Laptop Smartphone
(9) (9) (9)
A computer that is only used in 9
one place.
Must always be connected to an 9
external power source to work.
Small enough to fit into a 9
pocket.
A mobile device with a large 9
keyboard and display.
3 MICR OMR OCR 4

(9) (9) (9)
Used to read magnetic data on cheques. 9
Used to read car number plates. 9
Used when entering handwritten text. 9
Used to read multiple-choice examination 9
responses.
4 3D printer 2
Monitor

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5(a) Two from: 2

pH (sensor)
Temperature (sensor)
Light (sensor)
Oxygen (sensor)
Nitrogen (sensor)
5(b) Analogue to digital convertor/ADC 1
5(c) Three from: 3

The computer receives the data from the sensor
The computer compares the data with pre-set values/stored data
If the data is outside the limit computer sends a signal to an alarm
If the data is within the limit no action is taken
The data is stored for later analysis
The data is sent automatically to a monitoring system
6(a) Two from: 2

This is a scam involving emails
A legitimate looking email is sent containing a link
The user clicks the link and is sent to a website where personal details are
asked for
The email asks for details of your (bank) account/personal details
6(b) Two from: 2

A virus is sent containing malicious code
The virus downloaded/installed into the computer
When the user types in the URL (of the bank) it directs a user to a
fraudulent website
As the user enters details they are copied to the criminal’s website
6(c) Two from: 2

A text message (SMS) is received/sent
Contains a link or phone number
The user phones or taps links and asked for personal information/details of
the account
7 Six from: 6
Fill the square with black/invert the square
Copy and paste the square
Place/position the square to the left and below the original
Copy and paste both the squares
Position the squares
Group the squares
Resize to 1.5 cm/15 mm
Save the logo

PUBLISHED
8 Six from: 6
Advantages
Robots can work in areas of the farm that could be dangerous/harmful for a
farm worker
Robots are better at ensuring a continuous supply of feed
Robots available to milk and feed 24/7/ continuous
Running costs are cheaper in the long run as robots do not need to be paid
Higher/more productivity due to cows being milked at times of their choice
Quicker to see illness in animals due to system checking a number of
factors against stored values, so is more objective.
The same measurements are taken on all the animals every time the robot
checks them therefore better consistency
Better/more frequent checking of the animals
Robotic tractors can carry out more tasks in a short time
Frees up farmer to do other things
Disadvantages
More expensive to buy
Maintenance is more expensive
Patterns of illness may be found quicker manually
Farm workers become de-skilled therefore if the system breaks down there
could be issues completing the work
Max five marks for only advantages/disadvantages

A mark is available for a reasoned conclusion
9(a) font-family: "Comic Sans", Arial, sans-serif; 3
1 mark for "Comic Sans",

1 mark for Arial,
1 mark for sans-serif;
Must be in the correct order
9(b) border-style: dashed; border-width: 3px 4
1 mark for border-style:

1 mark for dashed;
1 mark for border-width:
1 mark for 3px
9(c) #000000; 1
9(d) font-weight: bold; 2
1 mark for font-weight:

1 mark for bold;

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10 Three from: 3
Pen drives work on most computer systems magnetic tape drives may not
Magnetic tape drives are more expensive to buy
Pen drives are more robust
Finding/restoring data from a pen drive is easier
Pen drives are less susceptible to magnetic fields
Easier to carry around/more portable
11(a) To help (users) learn/know how to use the software/system 2

To help users to overcome problems
11(b) Two from: 2

To help programmers/analysts to make improvements to the system
To help programmers/analysts to repair the system
To help programmers/analysts to maintain the system
11(c) Four from: 4

how to load/run/install software
how to save a file
how to print data
how to add records
how to delete/edit records
error messages
error handling
trouble-shooting guide/help line
frequently asked questions/FAQ
glossary of terms
11(d) 3
Tick
(9)
Observe users operating the old system.
Compare the final solution with the original requirements. 9
Design the report layout.
Check user documentation to see it is correct.
Interview users to gather responses about how well the new 9
system works.
Test the system works correctly.
Identify any necessary improvements that need to be made. 9
Design error handling.

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12 1 mark for visual verification and 1 mark for double data entry 2
Visual verification is a comparison of data with the original data source

Double data entry is where data is entered twice and computer compares
the two sets of data
13(a) Three from: 3

A web-conference is conducted online/VOIP
Web-conference uses IP technology/addresses
Participants tend to be sat at computers and can view/hear other
participants
Web-conferences tend to be interactive
Organiser allows participants to click a link to ask questions
participants are then queued
Possible to draw or write on a ‘whiteboard’ using keyboard and mouse
Possible to integrate chat, instant-messaging and communicate verbally
13(b) Three from: 3

Video-conferencing provides real-time two-way audio/video communication
whereas web-conferencing can be either two-way or a webcast
Video-conferencing tends to be via the internet whereas web-conferencing
uses a phone or VOIP
Video-conferencing requires specialised equipment on both ends for a
successful connection whereas web-conferencing uses a computer
Video-conferencing participants use a shared microphone and speakers
whereas web-conferencing participants sit at their own computers
Sound quality on video-conferencing is poorer than web-conferencing
14 Ways of minimising the health issue Health issue 4
Use ergonomic keyboards. RSI

Use fully adjustable chairs to give correct Backache
posture.
Change to LCD screens from CRT screens. Eye strain
Have the monitor at the correct height. Neck-ache

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15 Four from: 4
Safer to use drones than human life being risked in flood waters
Drones can fly low over the flooded areas checking the extent of the
damage, would be more difficult/dangerous for a human
Drones can be used in areas that would not be accessible to humans
Cheaper than using a helicopter to film the flooding
Drones can cover a greater area than a human in the time available
They are portable and can be transported from place to place easily
Can automatically return to the base station when fuel is running low
16 Six from: 6
WLAN is wireless therefore devices can be easily added/changed
WLAN is wireless so relatively easy to connect to portable devices
WLAN uses radio signals/wireless technology/wifi
WLAN uses (wireless) access points/wireless node
WLAN has a limited range
WLAN signal strength can diminish the further away from the access point
WLAN signals affected by walls/obstacles
WLAN is more prone to hacking than cabled systems
WLAN susceptible to interference from another radio signals

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17(a) Office workers 4

Observation of the processes taking place – 1 mark
One mark from:

Enables the systems analyst to see the whole system
There are too many workers to interview them all
Questionnaires/interviews would stop them working on their tasks
OR
Looking at existing paperwork – 1 mark
One mark from:

Can see how the files are stored/processes undertaken
It allows information to be obtained that cannot be obtained in other ways
enables necessary storage, computer equipment to be identified
If they are observed, then they may change the way they work
They are too busy to be interviewed
Delivery drivers
Questionnaires could be handed out – 1 mark
One mark from:

They can complete them in their own time/at their leisure
Questionnaires tend to be more accurate
The data can be collated more quickly as everyone can complete at the
same time rather than interviewing which is one after the other
Individuals remain anonymous therefore they will be more truthful/reliable
Easier to analyse
17(b) Four from: 4

There is only one production line therefore parallel running is not an option
There are no branches therefore pilot is not an option
Other methods would be more expensive to implement
Other methods would take longer to implement
The new system needs to be up and running very quickly otherwise orders
are lost (as only one production line)
Other methods would require more staff and it’s a small company

PUBLISHED

and must have both sides of the argument
Award a mark for justification of the points raised

For level 2 there must be more than three statements; which cover both
sides of the argument and achieved all of Level 1

For level 1 there must be statements up to max three
Level 0 (0 marks):
Examples of answers written below

Up to date antivirus software needed/scan files/attachments when
downloading/install anti-virus software
Computer/emails/uploads need to be scanned regularly
Firewall required to stop attacks from suspicious computers
Has a blocked website list/has a white list
A firewall can be looked through therefore two are better than one
Stops fraudulent sites attacking the computer
Up to date anti-spyware software can be used
Changing passwords from default passwords
Regularly changing passwords
Using different passwords for sites
Not using a computer/mobile device in a public area
Data on the cloud needs to be encrypted and have a strong password
Good antivirus can be expensive to purchase
Free antivirus software may not be up to date
This can cause memory issues in the computer as updates use memory
Antivirus needs to be in operation at all times slowing the operation of the
computer
Backup will not necessarily stop a virus
Some viruses hide in the system therefore antivirus needs to be in operation
at all times
The firewall can affect the operation of the computer and stop some uploads
May need to be shut down at times to upload files therefore making
computer unsafe
Some legitimate software can be blocked by the firewall
Spyware sends a user to a fraudulent website and records key logs
User does not know that the spyware has been uploaded
Popups are stopped by anti-spyware, pop-under are not
Too complex a password can be easily forgotten
Password files may not be backed up
Hackers can breach most passwords

PUBLISHED 2018
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2018
1(a) Microphone 1
1(b) Numeric keypad 1
1(c) Touch pad 1
1(d) Graphics tablet 1
2 1 mark for each correct row. 4

email electronic fax both
(9) (9) (9)
Can be used as a legal

9
document
Allows video attachments to

9
be added to the message
Requires a telephone number 9
Message can be sent to a

9
computer

validation verification proof-
(9) (9) reading
(9)
Identifying spelling errors 9
Using a range check 9
Typing in data twice 9
Visually comparing data on

screen with the original 9
source document

PUBLISHED 2018
4(a) Hanging indent paragraph 1
4(b) Indented paragraph 1
4(c) fully justified 1
4(d) right aligned 1
5(a) Four from: 4

The cloud has greater storage capacity than other methods
The data could be sent directly to the cloud from any device on the festival
ground
Access the data from any device
Easier to add storage capacity
Lower capital outlay
The organisers would only pay for the storage they used
Data can be analysed more quickly
5(b) Three from: 3

More security issues as personal data is used
The owner of the data loses control over it
The cost of storing in the cloud may be restrictive in the long term
The devices must be connected to the cloud at all times for ticket sales
6(a) Four from: 4

The position/location of the player is calculated using GPS software
Data is transmitted/sent to the pitch side computer every few seconds
Algorithm calculates the speed/distance player has moved
The data is stored/saved in the computer
The coordinates of the player are shown onto the map of the pitch
6(b) Two from: 2

Temperature
Heart rate/pulse rate
Breathing rate
6(c) 1 mark for name of suitable printer 2

1 mark for appropriate reason

PUBLISHED 2018
7(a) Four from: 4

Highlight/select A4 to B15
Press and hold Ctrl
Highlight/Select D4 to D15
Select insert
Select chart type/line graph
7(b) Three from: 3

Add a chart title – for example: ‘UV level comparison for 2016 for Brazil and
France’
Add y/value axis title – UV level
Add x/category axis title – months
Change/Add legend – to show the two countries (Brazil and France)
Place the legend below the chart to give max coverage of the graph
Add data labels on the line to provide/give exact values
7(c) AVERAGE(B4:B15) 2
1 mark for AVERAGE ()
1 mark for (B4:B15)
7(d) VLOOKUP(B4,A$19:B$23,2) 5
1 Mark VLOOKUP ()
1 mark (B4,
1 mark for the A19:B23,
1 mark for 2)
1 mark for the correct use of absolute referencing
The position of the elements must be correct to gain the mark
7(e) Three from: 3

Click on the cell/C4
Move to the bottom right hand side of the cell
Drag handle / cross to C15

PUBLISHED 2018

Complete level 2
To gain 7/8 marks there needs to be a justification of points made
To gain 7/8 marks there must be a reasoned conclusion

Complete level 1
Award a mark for benefits and drawbacks or expansions of each.
To achieve 4 marks there must be at least one benefit and drawback.

Award a mark for benefits or drawbacks to a maximum of 3 marks
Level 0 (0 marks)
Example answers
Social networking messages can be available to/seen by all
Security settings can restrict who reads/makes the comments
Communication can take place in a (private) chatroom
Comments can be liked/disliked/shared
Don’t need to learn email address
Live video/audio calls can be made/streamed
Emails tend to be one to one
Can share live videos
You know who’s online
Larger upload size than email
Emails are private between the sender and recipient // more secure
Messages can be alerted as high priority
Attachments can be used
Emails tend to be more formal
Auto reply / forward / reply can be used
In social networking makes a person more prone to cyber predators/trolls

PUBLISHED 2018
9(a) Max five from: 7

Advantages
Direct changeover the benefits are seen immediately
There is less cost to the Health Authority with direct changeover as only one
system is in operation
Takes minimal time to changeover using direct changeover therefore the
bookings are not disrupted
With pilot it is a safer method as it is trialled in one
department/centre/branch
Only one department/centre/branch affected if system fails
If pilot is used it gives staff time to train with new system
Fewer errors as it is fully tested
Max five from:

Disadvantages
Training using direct changeover could be difficult as users cannot be
trained on the new system
Training with pilot changeover could take place gradually/in direct
changeover everyone has to be trained at the same time
With pilot there would be two systems in operation therefore there could be
confusion
No backup of the system using direct changeover
For the department/centre/branch using the pilot there is no backup
1 mark is available for the choice of method and a reason:

Pilot Changeover as there is less disruption to the system if it does wrong.
or
Direct changeover this is a cheaper method/immediate results
9(b) Max two from: 6

Efficiency
Does it operate quicker than the previous system?
Does it operate by reducing staff time in making bookings? // Does it reduce
the time to make a booking?
Does it operate by reducing staff costs? // is it more cost effective than the
old system?
Max two from:

Ease of use
Are all the users able to use the system and make bookings
easily/effectively?
Are all the users able to change and cancel bookings easily/effectively?
Can all staff understand how to use the system with minimal training?
Max two from:

Appropriateness
Is the system suitable for each of the medical departments?
Does it meet the needs of the patients?
Does it meet the needs of the medical staff?
Does the solution match the original requirements?

PUBLISHED 2018
9(c) Four from: 4

The traffic signals have a radio-frequency reader/scanner
The reader sends out radio signals to the chip
The RFID reader extracts data from the RFID chip
The scanning device/reader provides energy/activates so that the chips can
broadcast the information in them to the reader
The scanning antenna sends out radio-frequency signals in a relatively short
range
It provides a means of communicating with the RFID chip (in the
ambulance)
The reader sends data to the computer/microprocessor/actuator
The data is compared with data stored in the database
9(d) Max three from: 4

Advantages of RFID
Not affected by the weather – must be qualified
All ambulances need to register their number plates so if one arrives from
out of the area it could cause problems
Does not need a live connection to a database of number plate numbers
RFID more accurate – less likely to be misread // not all number plates can
be read by recognition systems
Line of sight not required
Max three from:

Disadvantages of RFID
Signals may affect other electronic equipment in the ambulance
Cost of fitting/maintaining to all ambulances
Difficult to use temporary ambulances // The chip needs to be present in the
ambulance for it to work
10(a) Two from: 2

Communication protocol
Security technology
Encrypted link between the server and the client
10(b) Two from: 2

The URL will start with HTTPS
A padlock appears as an icon on the web page
SSL security certificate warning
The background colour of the URL is set to green

PUBLISHED 2018

intranet internet both
(9) (9) (9)
This is a restricted access

9
system
This system can use email

9
for communication
This is a public system 9
12 Six from: 6
Increased unemployment of manual workers/vehicle production line workers
May be opportunities to retrain/employment as maintenance workers of
robots
More pleasant atmosphere to work in/less noise
Workers are in a safer environment
Workers become deskilled
Job opportunities for job sharing/part time
13 Four from: 4
Each item is scanned/bar code is read at the POS terminal
Bar code is searched in the database
The quantity of products is reduced
The stock database is updated
When the minimum stock number/level/reorder level is reached
Reads re-order quantity
Goods flagged as ordered
The automated stock system sends a signal to the warehouse computer to
order new items
The warehouse sends the items to the supermarket
Re-order quantity is found in the database
Flags removed
The stock control system updates the stock levels in the stock control
database with the new stock

PUBLISHED 2018
14 Four from: 4
Compress the images to a smaller size // reduce image resolution
Compress/zip the document to a smaller size
Change the file type/format of each image
Save as PDF
Replace the images with place holders
15 Content/Structure 1
Behaviour/Scripting 1

PUBLISHED 2018
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2018
1 2
applications system
software software
(3) (3)
Control software 3
Compiler 3
Word processing 3
Device drivers 3

0 marks for 0 or 1 tick
2(a) a laser printer 1
2(b) a magnetic ink character reader 1
2(c) a wide format printer 1
2(d) a speaker 1
3(a) Two from: 2

Password is too short
Easy to guess
Personal information used in the password
Doesn’t contain a mixture of upper case, lowercase, numbers or symbols
3(b) Two from: 2

Change passwords regularly
Use a strong password
Do not write the password down
Do not tell anyone else the password
Must be easy for the user to remember

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4(a) Three from: 3

Student scans a card // teacher records the student as present on computer
system
System records time of arrival
System sends the data to the school administration database
The data is searched in the database
If student arrives after a certain time the student’s attendance record is
flagged as late/absent
Attendance/lateness records are automatically printed/sent to parents
Letters/texts are automatically sent to parents to show
absenteeism/lateness of students
Parents can logon to the system to check student’s attendance/lateness
records
4(b) Two from: 2

The information is more up to date
Information about the student can be obtained quickly after fire/emergency
Information regarding patterns of absence can be found quickly
Helps to tackle truancy/lateness
Parents can be informed automatically about patterns of
lateness/attendance
Lateness is entered consistently in the school
Automatic lateness reports for the form tutor can be generated
Accurate/up to date records if there is a fire
Speeds up the process as attendance is not marked manually
4(c) Four from: 6

Forward/backward buttons
Submit/search button
Information attempts to fill the page AND design looks appropriate to
scenario
Box/boxes to enter Semester or Student_ID
Drop down for the Semester or Student_ID // radio button for semester
Suitable title
Instructions/help
2 marks for all six fields

1 mark for three to five fields
0 marks for less than three fields
Student_name, Tutor_group, Days_present, Number_of_lates,

Number_absences, Parents_phone_number,

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4(d) 1 mark for correct validation check for each field 3
Semester
Lookup
Number_of_lates
Range check
Parents_cell_number
Length check/format check
5 Benefits 4
Max three from:
Easier to use as no need to type commands
No need to memorise/learn commands
Can exchange data between different applications
Better help facilities
Drawbacks
Max three from:
Takes up more RAM/hard disk space/memory
Can be slower for experienced programmers to use.
Can be slower to run as graphics have to be loaded/larger program
Restrictive can only use pre-defined functions
Not in direct contact with OS/computer

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6(a) To be marked as a level of response: 8

Complete level 2
To gain 7 marks there needs to be a justification of points made
To gain 8 marks there must be a reasoned conclusion

Complete level 1
Award a mark for benefits and drawbacks or expansions of each.
To gain 6 marks there needs to be benefits and drawbacks to both patients
and staff

Level 0 (0 marks):
For example:
Benefits
Faster booking system as there is no need to contact individual departments
Bookings can be made last minute
24/7 booking
The bookings can be easily checked on the internet
Easier to cancel/change a booking
Faster to cancel/change a booking
Easier to book in other medical facilities
Multiple bookings can be made for different medical units
Email/text reminders
More convenient can book from any device/on the move
Automatic confirmation of the booking
Less time spent on the phone therefore freeing up the system
Less staff needed at the medical units therefore cheaper
The bookings can be planned easily in advance
Reminders can be sent via email/text therefore reducing cost of posting
them
Repeat appointments can be made automatically therefore saving time
Frees up staff to do other things
Reduced the patients that do not show up as reminders sent this saves
money
Drawbacks
Fear of lack of privacy of the data
Fear of lack of security of data
If the system goes down the ability to book an appointment is lost
Some people prefer to talk to a medical person
Medical emergencies may be overlooked
Cost of making the system secure
Cost of maintaining/setting up the system

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6(b) Three from: 3

Ensures consistency across all documents
Lets people know that the stationery/documents belong to the same medical
authority
To reduce the time spent in setting up and formatting documents
To reduce cost of setting up and formatting documents
To reduce the risk of errors e.g. mis-spellings, logos omitted etc.
7(a) State = NOT ‘Extinct’ AND Country = ‘China’ AND Last_eruption < 1900 6
State = – 1 mark or State <> – 1 mark

NOT ‘Extinct’ – 1 mark or <> ‘Extinct’ – 1 mark
AND Country – 1 mark
= ‘China’ – 1 mark
AND Last_eruption – 1 mark
< 1900 – 1 mark
7(b) Tengchong 2
Wudalianchi
7(c) Wudalianchi 1
7(d) Drawbacks 7
Max five marks:
Drones can break down due to chemicals in the gas cloud
The chemicals/heat/dust can corrupt the readings of the sensors
The drone may have to fly a long distance to reach the gas cloud and run
out of fuel/battery/signal
Navigation can be affected by the gas cloud
The cost to buy/setup the drone is expensive
Need a skilled operator therefore more expensive
Benefits
Max five marks:
The results are collected faster
More accurate results produced
Results are processed automatically
Graphs and charts can be produced automatically
The drone can get closer to the cone than a human
Safer as humans do not need to risk lives taking the measurements
Drones can operate continuously/24/7
Drones can analyse the data continuously
Multiple variables can be monitored at the same time
Can operate in areas that are not accessible/dangerous to humans
7(e) Two from: 2

The sensors read analogue data
The computer reads digital data
The data needs to be converted from analogue to digital

PUBLISHED 2018
8(a) Two from: 2

Junk email
Unsolicited email
Can consist of unwanted adverts
8(b) Two from: 2

Spam may contain spyware/phishing
Spam may spread malware/viruses
The spam email fills the inbox and stop other emails
May attempt to solicit personal data/bank details
8(c) Four from: 4

Do not opt in to marketing emails
Delete accounts that you no longer use
Never reply to a spam email // Don’t communicate with spammers
Never reveal main email address to strangers // set up an email address just
for buying online
Use a spam filter // click on email address and add to blocked email // block
the sender
9 Three from: 3
The router reads the data packet destination address
Looks up the paths to get to that address
Compares to its routing table to get to the destination address
Checks how busy the paths are
Sends the packet on the least congested/quickest path
10(a) Six from: 6

Observation of the current system
Interviewing the railway manager
Questionnaire to the passengers/railway staff
Looking at existing paper work
Identify the inputs, processing and outputs of the current system
Identify the problems with the current system
Identify the user and information requirements/objectives for the new system
Identify the hardware and software of the new system
10(b) Two from, for example: 2

Name (first name and surname)
Address
Gender
Date of birth
Mobile phone number
Email address
10(c) To ensure that the data entered has been copied correctly 1

PUBLISHED 2018
10(d) Proof reading is checking the content of the data for errors 2
Verification is comparing the data with the original
11 1 mark for correct description of PDF and 1 mark for correct description of 5
RTF:
PDF is portable document format is readable on a PDF viewer or a browser
RTF is rich text format and is readable by all word processing software
Three from:
RTF uses only basic font formatting // PDF uses full formatting.
RTF does not allow graphs // PDF does allow graphs
RTF does not allow comments // PDF does allow comments
RTF is fully editable // some PDF cannot be edited
PDF allows for digital signatures // RTF does not allow digital signatures
PDF tends to be compressed // RTF is not compressed
12(a) 1 mark for each correctly described part of the web address. 4
https://
This is the hypertext transfer protocol secure
Set of rules/protocol
hothouse-design
this shows the domain name that the company have purchased
.uk
The company/domain is registered in the UK
/portfolios
The folder in which the work is stored on hothouse’s server
12(b) Word/phrase/image 2
When clicked links to another document/page/website/top or bottom of the
page

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13(a) Function 4
Two from:
It is a special type of formula/complex formula
Functions are built into the software/spreadsheet
Functions can be used to simplify complicated calculations
They can have built in commands
Function has a pre-defined name/reserved word
Formula
Two from:
A formula can contain a function
Formulas can be simple calculations/mathematical operation
Formulas can be typed directly into the formula bar
13(b) Two from: 2

Easily refer to a group of adjoining cells
Shortens/simplifies formulae
Enables you to refer to a group of cells without having to lookup cell
references
Don’t have to re-set the absolute referencing manually

PUBLISHED 2018
14 4
Tick
(3)
Emails can only be sent from a computer.
An email can be used to send a message to many people at

3
the same time.
It always takes a long time for an email to arrive.
All emails must have an attachment.
Attachments may have to be compressed to be sent via

3
email.
Emails can be used to send legal documents. 3
Every email has to be printed out.
In order to send an email back to the sender without retyping

3
the address; reply is used.
Email means extended mail.
Email attachments are always checked for viruses before

they are sent.

PUBLISHED 2018
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2018
1(a) CPU 1
1(b) hardware 1
1(c) RAM 1
1(d) touch screen 1
2 4
Hub Switch Router
(3) (3) (3)
Connects a LAN to a WAN 3
Broadcasts data to all connected devices 3
Connects two LANs 3
Selects which device to send data to 3

PUBLISHED 2018
3 3
Tick
(3)
Re-reading the document
Performing a length check on the data 3
Re-entering the data
Performing a character check on the data 3
Performing a grammar check on the document
Checking for spelling
Checking the data is reasonable and sensible 3
Checking the data is 100% correct
4(a) Two from: 2

Keyboard/keypad for entering data
Chip reader
PIN pad
Bar code scanner
Scales/pressure sensor
Touch screen
Light sensor
4(b) Two from: 2

Customer display/touchscreen
Printer for receipts
Loud speaker
4(c) Three from: 3

The items could have been damaged and removed from the shelf
The items could have been stolen
The items could have been picked up, but they have not yet passed through
the till
The staff/customers placing the items on the shelves may have put them in
the wrong place.
The quantity of items on the database may not have been recorded properly
Database may not have been updated

PUBLISHED 2018
5(a) Three from: 3

Questionnaires can be given to users/employees
Checking documents from the current system
Observation of staff/users
5(b) Three from: 3

The full/first and second/family name of the customer
The contact address of the customer
The gender of the customer
The date of birth
5(c) Four from: 4

Appropriate font styles to help the user to read the form by a clearer font
Appropriate/larger font sizes to help the user read the form
Appropriate spacing between fields to help with the readability of the form
Larger character spacing of individual fields to help fill the form in
More use of white space to help readability
Larger dropdown menus/radio buttons to give options to enter
Larger forward/backward/submit buttons to help navigate
Darker writing on a light background/lighter writing on a dark background
5(d) Direct changeover 3

Parallel implementation
6(a) Two from: 2

Selected the image
Rotate 90 degrees
Turn anti-clockwise about the origin
6(b) Four from: 4

Click on the insert button
Select the image on the internet and save
Select the image and copy
Select the position in the document
Paste into the document
Select the image from the saved folder
Select wrap text
Move to final position
Save the document
Resize the image
Remove the hyperlink

PUBLISHED 2018
7(a) Two from: 2

It helps to prevent the unauthorised copying of the software
It helps to prevent the unauthorised lending/renting of the software
It gives the author legal protection
7(b) Four from: 4

A license agreement between the user and the software developer
A unique licence key is used when the software is installed
Software only runs if DVD/CD/Pen Drive is present
Use of a dongle/card plugged into the computer
Holographic sticker which cannot be photocopied shows the product is real
Software built into the program to stop it being copied
8 Max four from: 6

Digital cameras could be placed in drones
They can be hidden in ATMs
Digital cameras can be used in special glasses
Digital cameras are used in CCTV/Security cameras
Digital cameras are in people’s mobile phones
Max five from:

They can be used to film people without them knowing/without permission
The photographs/images can be used for blackmail
They can be used to film people covertly
Digital cameras can be hacked and used to spy on the users
Filming vacation activities without permission/filming a car accident
They can be used to photograph houses without the owners knowing
They can be used to capture PINs

PUBLISHED 2018
9(a) Four from: 4

Video-conferencing is the use of telecommunication technologies
It uses an internet connection
It allows people in two or more locations to communicate
Allows long distance communication
Using simultaneous two-way communication
Uses video and audio transmissions/streaming
9(b) Four from: 4

Video conferencing equipment can be expensive to buy
The communication link could be expensive to set up and
operate/satellite/internet link needed
Lip sync/lagging can be an issue
If the hardware breaks down the conference fails // poor connection
conference fails
Time zones as the games are in Australia and company is based in London
Needs organising as to who’s turn it is next // not talk at the same time
Any sound in the conference can be picked up by microphones
Open microphones can distort the sound
10(a) Bar chart/graph 1
10(b) Five from: 5

Select A2 to B12
Click CTRL
Select D2 to D12 // Select F2 to F12
Click insert«chart
Select bar graph/chart
Add title/axes
Add legend
11(a) Three from: 3

Biometrics e.g. iris scan, face scan, retina scan
Physical Tokens/TAN
Two-factor/two-step/multi-factor authentication
Magnetic stripes
ID cards
Memorable information // security question

PUBLISHED 2018
11(b) Four from: 4

Data must be processed fairly and lawfully
Data must be used for the purpose it was collected for
Data must be adequate and relevant to the purpose it was collected for
Data must be kept up to date and accurate
Data must not be kept longer than necessary
Data must be processed within the rights of data subjects
Data must not be moved to any other country that is not protected by a data
protection act
Must allow access to data
12 Three from: 3
Commands have to be learnt
Commands have to be typed in which takes time
The operator has to have specialist knowledge of the system
Help facilities are basic
Commands have to be precise
13(a) 1 mark for each explanation 6

1 mark for the subsequent data example
Normal data:
Data that is within the range/boundaries/Acceptable data
Examples: between R$2 and R$10
Abnormal data:
Data outside the range/boundaries/unacceptable data/invalid data
Values less than R$2 or larger than R$10 or text.
Extreme data:
Data on the boundaries of acceptable data
Examples R$2, R$4, R$10
13(b) Data that has been used in an existing system 2

Data where the results are known
14(a) A piece of software/malware 3

Has the ability to replicate itself
Max two from:

It corrupts data in the computer
Deletes data in the computer
Fills up memory
Slows the operation of the computer

PUBLISHED 2018
14(b) Two from: 2

Records every keystroke on the keyboard
Saves it in a log file
Transmits the log file back to the hackers
Can read a password being typed in
The person is unaware it is happening
15(a) Six from: 6

The final part of a URL can help to identify reliability
Examples .ac«, .gov, .org, .edu government // academic sites are usually
fairly reliable
Can compare information from other websites to see if it is reliable
If site is endorsed by reliable/reputable people/organisations it could be
accepted as being reliable // If it has links to other reliable sites/ sites which
have testimonials it is usually reliable // If it has testimonials that can be
confirmed it is likely to be reliable
If the author’s credentials are good, it is likely to be reliable
If information is comparable to information from reliable/authenticated text
books it is likely to be reliable
Sites which have grammatical/spelling mistakes are likely to be unreliable
Compare information from text books/experts to see if the results are similar
If it has been recommended by teachers, it is likely to be reliable
If there is a contact page with a real postal address that can be confirmed
then it is likely to be reliable
URL contains https/padlock

PUBLISHED 2018
15(b) To be marked as a level of response: 8

Complete level 2
To gain 7 marks there needs to be a justification of points made
To gain 8 marks there must be a reasoned conclusion
Complete level 1
Award a mark for benefits and drawbacks or expansions.
Level 0 (0 marks):
No relevant response given
For example:
Benefits
Using a search engine means that the data can be found quicker
Internet has vast amounts/wide range of information
Data tends to be up to date
Students can research from home/on the move/anywhere
Information is in digital form therefore easier to send/use in documents
Drawbacks
The internet is not regulated
Danger of accessing inappropriate websites
Can take a lot of time to find relevant information
Need to have internet connectivity
Searching techniques needed
Copyright information could be plagiarised
Data found on websites may be false
Data found may be biased
Viruses and malware could be uploaded
Danger of students using the internet for other things not research

PUBLISHED
responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1 4
WAN WLAN LAN
(3) (3) (3)
A cabled network used in one building. 3
The internet is an example of this type of 3

network.
Several networks connected together using a 3

router.
This network is connected without cables. 3
2 2
System Software Applications Software
(3) (3)
Compiler 3
Word processing 3
software
Spreadsheet 3
software
Operating system 3
4 correct ticks – 2 marks

2 or 3 correct ticks – 1 mark
1 correct tick – 0 marks
3 Two from: 2
The user does not have to learn/remember commands
More user friendly
Can be used on more devices e.g. smartphones
A mouse/finger can be used to select icons
Using a mouse/finger is simpler than typing in commands
Fewer errors are made than typing in commands

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4 Three from: 3
Inspects the data packets received
Checks the destination IP address
using the stored routing table
It uses a routing table which lists all the different routes to other networks
Uses the IP address to work out the best route
sends the data packet to the next router
5 A virus is a piece of software/program code – 1 mark 2
One from:
It infects a computer
Has the ability to replicate itself
6 Buzzer 3
LCD monitor
Speaker
7(a) VLOOKUP(B2,Products!A$2:C$11,3,False)*C2 8
1 mark for correct function VLOOKUP()

1 mark (B2,
1 mark Products!
1 mark for A2:C11
1 mark for correct use of $
1 mark for ,3
1 mark for ,False)
1 mark for *C2
All elements must be in the correct order
7(b) Three from: 3

Highlight E2:E7
Select format cells
Select currency/accounting
Select ₹
Select 0 decimal places

PUBLISHED
8(a)(i) joystick 1
8(a)(ii) video camera 1
8(a)(iii) monitor 1
8(b) Three from: 3

Data is continuously sent back to the operator/whereas a person would
collect it and send it back
The drone can work in hazardous conditions
Drones get a wider view of the flood
Can go where people cannot
9 </head> is in the wrong place // <title> </title> line is in the wrong place 4
<tbody style="background-color: #9acd32> no ending quotes
scr is not correct syntax should be src
final <table> is not correct should be </table>
10(a) Similarities 6
Both used for transactions
Both are portable
Both allow payment at point of use
Max five from:

Differences
Faster process/reading using the card
Someone needs to check correct payment made with cash/card is
automatically checked
May not have enough money on the card and may not know this
When the money has run out on the card it cannot be used until it is topped
up
Card details can be used for statistics to plan for use for the bus
journey/times
A card can be blocked when stolen
More security in place if the card gets stolen
Sometimes you need the correct cash amount/no change given
More likely to have cash in your pocket
If you pay by cash you know how much you have paid/no double payment
No physical cash with a card so less chance of stealing by employees
10(b) One from: 1

Nitrogen oxide (sensor)
Light (sensor)
Gas (sensor)
CO2 (sensor)
pH (sensor)

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10(c) Four from: 4

The microprocessor has a stored value/preset
Data from the sensor is compared with the preset value
If the reading is higher than the preset value
Microprocessor sends signal to the street sign
If the reading is lower than the preset value nothing happens / if warning
sign is lit; it is switched off
10(d) Two from: 2

Sensor only reads analogue data
Microprocessor only reads digital data
11 4
Evaluation Analysis Design
Implementation
Documentation
Evaluation
Documentation Design
Development
Implementation and Testing

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12(a) Max three from: 8

Advantages
Benefits are immediate whereas in parallel it takes time to fully implement
Costs are reduced as there is only one system to maintain but in parallel
there are two systems and two sets of workers
Less likelihood of bugs as the system will have been fully tested
Data only needs to be entered into one system but with parallel running data
has to be entered into two systems therefore is more time consuming
Max three from:

Disadvantages
If the system fails there is no backup but in parallel running if the system
fails then the old system is still operational//risk of loss of data
Staff have to be trained on the new system as it is implemented with parallel
it is possible to train staff gradually.
Method chosen: Direct Changeover and max two from:
Max two from:

The system will be fully implemented faster than with parallel running
There could be data clashes/inconsistencies with two systems operating at
the same time
Data would be duplicated
The school is dealing with external agencies and therefore need single
output to these agencies
Fewer staff in a school to run two systems
12(b) Four from: 4

Quicker to find clashes within the timetable
Quicker to find the data needed for the timetable
Less error prone
What ... If scenarios can be set up
The data in the timetabling system can be used in other applications
automatically
Quicker to make changes and print timetables
13 Four from: 4
(Both) hand is scanned (using CT or MRI scanners or X-ray)
A 3D digital copy is made of the injured areas/hand
The digital copy is loaded into the software
(Software) slices the model into hundreds of layers
3D printer creates the new hand/prosthetic layer by layer
Uses plastic/resin
The printer binds the layers together
The new hand/prosthetic is compared to his other hand
Re-printed if necessary
The 3D printer prints the final version

PUBLISHED
14(a) Four from: 4

Scrambling/encoding of data
Uses encryption software/encryption key
Requires a decryption/encryption key to unscramble
Meaningless to the hacker
Secures data being transferred from computer to computer
Protects sensitive data/prevents personal/confidential data falling into wrong
hands
14(b) One from: 1

Use of user name and strong password
Biometrics
Use of a dongle
Physical locks
Firewall
15 Four max from: 5

Allows the user to model and analyse data according to location
Allows users to create interactive queries
Spatial awareness/see how images fit together in space
Edit map data
Combines maps, graphics and databases
Layers a map with other data
Works with GPS
Examples
One from, for example:
Emergency services can use it to find fire hydrants/other emergency
vehicles
Protection of animal life in certain areas/flood regions
Maps landmarks
Teachers use it in Geography/Science/engineering lessons
Prospecting oil
Maps sites that produce pollution

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16(a) Max two marks, for example: 4

The audience could be young
The audience may be teenagers
The audience may be old
Max three from:

The solution must match the age of the audience
More images, sounds, interactive with younger
More words for the older/adults
The audience experience may be greater
More content is needed for younger people to those who are older
Expectations from the audience may be different
An audience of experts would expect more from a solution
More explanation needed from someone who is not an expert
16(b) Four from: 4

Unique reference number/product key needs to be entered when the
product is first installed
the system will check for duplicated numbers
Only runs with CD-ROM/memory stick attached
parts of the software are stored on the memory stick/CD-ROM
Dongle needs to be attached
parts of the software are stored on the dongle
17(a) Damage to fingers/wrists 2

Caused by continuous use of keyboards/clicking of mouse
buttons/texting/constant use of mouse
17(b) Two from: 2

Ensure correct position of the arms/hands
Use a wrist rest/mouse rest
Regular breaks
Use ergonomic keyboards/mice
Use voice activated software

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Award a mark for each benefit or drawback but follow the rules below

and achieved all of level 2
Award a mark for good justification of one of the points raised

For level 2 there must be benefits and drawbacks and achieved all of
Level 1

For level 1 there must be benefits or drawbacks up to three
Level 0 (0 marks):

Drawbacks
Distractions when using the phone
Battery life can be short so needs regular re-charging
Re-charging sockets may be different
Cost of international use can be high
Need a phone plan/phone that can make international calls/data
More likely to be stolen
Loss of signal
Screen size small so difficult to read
Benefits
Phone home without having to find a landline/phone box
Text messages can be sent home rather than finding a landline/ phone box
Take photographs without having to use a separate camera
Take videos without having to use a separate video camera
Look up tourist information easily
Translate the languages immediately
Contact accommodation without having to go to tourist information
Make bookings immediately/without visiting the theatre/hotel/event
Can be used for sat nav without having to carry maps

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These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.
• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.
Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

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Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).
Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

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1(i) MICR 1
1(ii) PIN pad 1
1(iii) Bar code reader 1
1(iiii) RFID reader 1
2 4
verification validation proofreading
Reading through the data without reference

9
to the original copy
A range check is an example of this 9
Checks that data is reasonable 9
A way of preventing errors when data is

9
copied from one medium to another
3 Sound card 1
Processor 1

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4 4
dot matrix laser 3D
This printer uses continuous stationery. 9
This printer uses toner. 9
This printer is most suitable for a quiet

9
environment.
This printer produces solid objects. 9
5(a) Two from: 2
Wand/joystick
Pressure mats
Data gloves/gloves with sensors
Head mounted device(HMD)/Microphones
Steering wheels/consoles
Pedals
Paddles
Cameras
Motion sensors
5(b) Two from: 2
Headset/head mounted displays/goggles

Speaker/headphones
Monitor/projector
Olfactory devices
Haptic/tactile
Virtual Retina Display (VRD)

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5(c) 2
VR Robotics
Inserting a car engine into a real car. 9
Training a medical student to carry out an operation using a

9
computer simulation.
Control a production line to manufacture pasta. 9
Taking a tour of a house before it has been built. 9

0 marks for 0 or 1 correct tick

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6 Six from: 6
Benefits
The user is not restricted to the predetermined options//the GUI uses icons and set menus
The user has more control over the computer settings//in GUI computer settings are protected from the user
Uses less memory than GUI
Requires less processing power for the interface
More processing power is made available for the task
Drawbacks
The commands used have to be learnt
The commands used have to be remembered
The commands used have to be typed in/entered exactly
Have to remember the exact path/correct name of application
More prone to errors on data entry
Commands have to be typed in//in a GUI can use touchscreens/mice
Tends to be used by specialist people//GUI is more user-friendly and can be used by non-experts
To gain full marks both benefits and drawbacks are required
7(a) Four from: 4
The smart watch picks up radio signals

At least three satellites are used
Satellites transmit/send radio signals to the Earth
Software in the smart watch interpret the signals
Triangulation takes place/smart watch is located

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7(b) Four from: 4
The wearer does not have to carry maps of the area//more portable
More up to date than printed maps
Navigation errors are reduced as the satellite gives pinpoint accuracy
The system can be used to calculate an accurate route
The system may give other information
GPS allows user to zoom in
8(a) Three from: 3
Cropped the image

Add text
Resized the image
Brightened the image
Change the resolution
8(b) Four from: 4
Compress the images individually within the document

Zip the document/export as RAR
Save the document as a PDF
Remove the cropped elements in the images
Reduce the resolution of the images
Remove the images and send the documents and images separately

PUBLISHED
8(c) Eight from: 8
Advantages of a smartphone
Smaller/lighter therefore easier to carry/more portable
Easier to use than a laptop whilst on the move/laptop needs to be on a flat surface
Has a video/digital camera built in therefore can be used instead of a camera/laptop uses a webcam
The position of the camera is better than the webcam on a laptop/laptop webcam would be difficult to use as a digital
camera/video camera
Juan is more likely to have the smartphone with him
Can easily be used as a dictaphone/a laptop would need specialist software to be used to record voice
A laptop needs the use of other equipment like a camera then it becomes more cumbersome to carry around
Disadvantages of a smartphone
Very difficult to use to type up the report as the screen is smaller
Difficult to type up the report using a smaller keyboard/online keyboard
Due to screen/keyboard size more errors in typing
Data cannot be saved to an external device therefore needs connectivity to Wi-Fi or data network/laptop can use external
devices to store data
Some software is compatible with smartphones but not all//less functions on the software
Wi-Fi signals or data network are less reliable in remote areas/laptop can be used as a standalone computer
Less memory than a laptop
A laptop has a more powerful processor than a smartphone
The software in a laptop tends to be more compatible with a PC therefore easier to transfer files
To gain full marks both advantages and disadvantages are required
9(a) Two from: 2
Comma separated value

Data saved in text format
Used with spreadsheets/databases
Generic file format

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9(b) Two from: 2
Portable network graphics

Raster graphics file format
Uses lossless compression
Used for storing images on the internet
9(c) Two from: 2
Container that holds any type of data

Stored in a compressed format
Used to save storage in the computer//reduce attachment sizes on email
10(a) Four from: 4
Click at the start of the line ‘in 1885«’/after the heading

Select (page) layout
Select 2 columns
Apply from this point forward
Click line between the columns
10(b) Four from: 4
Highlight the heading

Increase the font size
Select layout
Select paragraph and select spacing after
Change letters from upper case
10(c) Orphan 1

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11(a) Four from: 4
Personal data is data relating to a living individual/person

The person can be identified either from the data or from the data in conjunction with other information.
Allow a mark for any example such as: name, address, date of birth, place of birth, bank details
The data can be sensitive:
Allow a mark for any example e.g. racial, ethnic, medical, religious, relating to a trade union, mental health, sexual, relating to
criminal offences
11(b) Six from: 6
Know how to block and report unwanted users

Never arrange to meet anyone alone
Always tell an adult if you plan to meet someone
Report unwanted/abusive messages
Meet in a public place
Avoid the misuse of images
Avoid showing images of her in school uniform
Avoid showing personal images
Avoid showing full name/address/personal data
Use appropriate language
Respect confidentiality
12(a) Three from: 3
Public network/not policed

International network of networks
WAN/wide area network
Worldwide/global/international
Public information system
Web, email, gophers, social networking, video conferencing are services provided by the internet (must have at least two
examples to gain a mark)

PUBLISHED
12(b) Three from: 3
Internal restricted access network/secure network

Uses same protocols as the internet
Private network
Used within an organisation e.g. school
Limited resources
12(c) Six from: 6
Vast amount of information available

More up to date information is available as information in books may be outdated
Wider range of information from every level of society/scholarly to research
Information can be found quicker using specialist search engines
Information can be researched at home rather than using research libraries
Don't have to waste time going to the library
Don't have to spend money going to the library
Ability to discuss topics far easier with people from around the world
Ability to get wider range of opinions.
Allows emailing therefore sending/collecting information far quicker than manual methods
Data is digital therefore can be easier to transfer to documents
Online conferencing can be carried out

PUBLISHED
13(a) Four from: 4
An image is taken of the front of the vehicle

An algorithm isolates the number plate from the image
Colour brightness and contrast are changed to make the number plate easier to read
Each character is read using OCR software
Each character is decoded using OCR software
Number plate and date/time data is stored in a database
The number plate is searched in the database
Comparison is made with number plates stored in the database
Identifies the car
13(b) Two from: 2
Another vehicle/pedestrian could obstruct the view of the camera

The number plate may be too dirty to read
The number plate may use illegal characters/font
It may be a motor cycle with the number plate side on/at the back
Characters are misread – e.g. 0 and O, 1 and I, 2 and Z
Position of characters/grouping of characters

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The candidate must complete L1 to get into L2 and L2 to get into L3
Level 3 [7–8 marks]

Candidates will address both aspects of the question and discuss/consider different advantages/disadvantages. The issues
raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in
a structured and coherent format.

Candidates will address both aspects of the question and discuss/consider different advantages/disadvantages although
development of some of the points will be limited to one side of the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the most part the

Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic advantages or disadvantages. Answers may be
simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 [0 marks]
Advantages
Prevention of double booking

The data is updated immediately
The person booking the seats knows immediately if the seat is taken
The successful booking is known immediately
Bookings can be made 24/7
There are more booking lines than in a manual booking system
The customer needs to add an email address therefore special offers/promotions can be sent from time to time
Easier to see which tickets are available using onscreen plans/colour coding used for booked and different seat prices
Easier to reserve seats than in a manual booking system
E-tickets can be produced therefore less chance of tickets being lost in the post.

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14 Disadvantages
The customer needs an email address

The customer needs a debit/credit card
Requires the customer to have a smartphone for e-tickets
Customers need an internet connection
Expensive to set up/maintain
More difficult to cancel a booking
Server crash or too many bookings can cause long delays
Manual system cannot be used as a backup
Easier to make mistakes in the booking

PUBLISHED
responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1(a) Physical components of a computer system 1
1(b) One from: 1
Programs for controlling the operation of a computer

Programs for processing of data
1(c) One from: 1
System
Applications
1(d) Touchscreen 1
2 4
ROM RAM HDD
It loses its data when the computer is

9
switched off.
It is classed as backing storage. 9
It stores the start-up instructions of the

9
computer.
It temporarily stores the current work of the

9
current user.
3 RFID 2
MICR

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4(a) Temperature 1
4(b) Light 1
4(c) Pressure 1
4(d) IF(D36<D32,"Y","N") 3
1 mark for IF()

1 mark for (D36<D32,
1 mark for "Y","N")
4(e) Three from: 3
Select column F / any cell in column F

Click Insert...new column / Right click«select Insert«new column
Select cell F2 / F1
Type in Combined Time
Select text wrap
4(f) D3+E3 1
4(g) Four from: 4
Highlight B3 to F32
Click on sort
Click sort by Col F
Click on ascending order
4(h) G$3–(F4–F$3) 3
or
G$3+F$3–F4
Give 1 mark for G3

Give 1 mark for correct use of $//both values correct
Give 1 mark for –(F4–F3) / +F3–F4 / F3–F4+
5(a) Four from: 4
The software in the smartwatch needs to be kept up to date

Loss of satellite signal can be an issue
Problems with battery failure / empty battery
Allow example for problems with battery failure e.g. loses the route
Problems with electrical storms / weather
Problems with mugging
Sunlight making the device unreadable
Using / programming the smartwatch can slow the runner down

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5(b) Two from: 2
Use in cars / lorries to calculate routes

Used in ships / aircraft to locate current position
Used in agriculture for tractor navigation
Example of Tracking systems
5(c) Three from: 3
She may be tired / breathless therefore text messaging is better than trying to
talk
A text message is sent quicker than the sending of an audio message
The text message is sent even though the receiver’s phone is turned off / out
of range / on the phone
A text message is more likely to connect as the data footprint is smaller than a
phone call
6(a) Four from: 4
Internet is not policed

Material on the internet can be biased
Material on the internet may not be reliable
Anyone can create a website on the internet so inaccurate information can be
posted
Can visit inappropriate sites on the internet
There are more security issues when using the internet
There are more distractions when using the internet
6(b)(i) Four from: 4
Do not reply to spam emails

Use a spam email filter
Block images in HTML messages as these are used as web beacons
Unclick check boxes when buying items online
Do not sign up to commercial mailing lists
6b(ii) Four from: 4
Scan emails / attachments before opening

Use up to date anti-virus software
Do not download attachments from unknown sources
Avoid opening spam emails

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7(a)(i) Two from: 2
Workers that work less than full time / limited number of hours
This could be for fewer hours than a full working day/week
This could be for fewer days than a full working week
7(a)(ii) Two from: 2
A full time job is shared between part time / two or more workers
One continues the work when the other has left
One could work in the morning and the other in the afternoon
One could work for 3 days and the other 2 other days
7(b) Four from: 4
Staff are kept more up to date with their work

Increase in job opportunities
More accurate calculation of wages / less errors made in the calculations
Manual tasks are reduced
1 mark can be awarded for an example of new jobs created
8 Six from: 6
Advantages
Reduces the cost of travelling to the bank
Reduces the time wasted travelling to the bank / waiting in queues
The interest rates are usually better using internet banking
Easier to shop around for the better bank accounts
Disabled people do not have to travel to the bank in order to carry out
transactions
24/7 banking
People can spend more time doing other activities rather than travelling to the
bank
Less physical robberies
Disadvantages
Less physical banks which means that people have to travel further to go to
the bank
Health risks with using the computer
Security is an issue as transactions are carried out over the internet
The user needs a reliable internet connection
More risk of pharming / phishing/fraud
Easier to make errors whilst using internet banking e.g. incorrect input
If the internet connection drops during a transaction, then there may be issues
1 mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion


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9(a) Two from: 2
Mineral prospecting
Diagnostic systems
Chess games
Careers
Tax
9(b) 3
Tick
Interactive user interface 9
Spreadsheet
Motor
Printer
Knowledge base 9
Search engine
Actuator
Rules base 9
10 4
Analysis Design Evaluation
Identifying the problems with

9
the current system
Deciding on testing strategies 9
Observation of workers using

9
the current system
Comparing the solution with

9
the original task requirements

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11 Six from: 6
Use animation to keep their attention

Use sound to keep them interested
Use larger font size so the text is easier to read
Use a font that is easier to read
Use a font that is suitable to the age group
Make the presentation colourful to keep their attention
More vibrant colours used
The language used needs to be simple
Short sentences should be used
The words used need to be short and simple
More images than text is needed
Slide transitions need to be used/exciting
12(a) 3
Tick
.xls
.pdf 9
.doc
.rtf 9
.sdc
.bcc
.csv 9
.accdb
12(b) Two from: 2
Generic file formats allow the user to save files so they can be opened in
other software
To create a standard so that other software can understand the contents
Example of a file saved on one type of device / software being used on
another type e.g. mobile phone to a PC

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13(a)(i) Two from: 2
Method of accessing other resources / webpages from the current webpage

Navigation by hovering / clicking on the link
Clicking on word / phrase / image / area of page
Links one webpage to part of the same webpage
An attribute
Within a hyperlink / anchor
Can be used to specify the URL of the page / resource to be used
13(b) Four from: 4
Relative file paths only show the name or file path destination of the
file//Absolute file paths gives the full web address / full path
Absolute always has the domain name//Relative does not need the domain
name
Relative finds files in the current site
If you need to find files on a different website then absolute needs to be
used//absolute starts from the root
Relative does not require a path only sub-folders
14 Analogue data is variable/continuous // Digital data is discrete / 1 or 0 2

Analogue data can only be read by a sensor / Analogue data is the output
from a sensor // Analogue data cannot be understood by a computer //
Analogue data needs to be converted before it is read by the computer

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Level 3 [7 – 8 marks]
different points. The issues raised will be justified. There will be a reasoned
conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and presented in
a structured and coherent format.
different points although development of some of the points will be limited to
one side of the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the most part the
Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic points.
Level 0 [0 marks]
E-safety protects personal data from people who should not have access to it
Personal data needs to be kept safe so that others cannot use it against us
Use of it e-safety protects vulnerable people
Protects other people’s views
Example of issues of access to personal data: blackmail / spreading rumours /
identity theft / stalking
E-safety reduces the risks when using ICT using social media sites, online
gaming users believe they are safe
E-safety trains users to be responsible on the internet
Giving out personal information can help predators to find out further details
about a person, such as where they live / where they go to school / used to
track the person
People on the internet may not be what they seem
Need to be able to block people on the internet
Need to know how to report problems on the internet
If we do not use e-safety then users are being put at risk as they will not know
the dangers
Freedom of speech can be affected Introduction of the ‘nanny’ state
If we do not apply e-safety approaches we open ourselves up to attack
Use of netiquette
Covers a number of electronic devices like, computers, tablets, mobile
phones, games consoles
An example of personal data
Example of sensitive data ethnic origin / religion / political / criminal records /
sexual orientation

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responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1 4
Magnetic Optical Solid state
Blu-ray disc 9
Hard disk 9
Pen drive 9
Flash memory card 9
2 4
Desktop Laptop Smartphone
A portable computer
that would most
9
easily fit into your
pocket
A computer that is
not powered by 9
batteries
A computer that has

9
the smallest screen
A portable computer
with a keyboard and
9
with a built-in 15 inch
monitor
3 Two from: 2
The data on the MICR is human readable easier to check the data
Cannot be read by MICR if the cheque is illegally photocopied
Higher security than using bar codes
4 Two from: 2
Noise of the printer will not be a distraction in a noisy environment

The dot matrix is more resistant to an oily / dirty environment
Don’t have to fill the paper tray as often
Uses multi-part stationery
Can use carbonised paper

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5(a) One from: 1
Programs that control and manage the computer’s hardware//it runs the
applications software
Interface between the computer hardware and the user applications
5(b) Programs that allow the user to carry out specific tasks 1
5(c) Linker 2
Operating system
6(a) Two from: 2
Be careful when opening emails from people you do not know

Be careful when opening attachments from people you do not know
Do not click on executable (.exe) files / batch (.bat) files sent to you
Never give out bank details / PIN / passwords / personal details in an email
Report any phishing attempts
Do not respond to emails from addresses you do not recognise
6(b) Two from: 2
Use anti-spyware to remove pharming code

Check sites carefully before a link is clicked
Delay using a link sent in an email as some sites are time related
Check the URL / web address of the website before you enter personal
details
Make sure you are on a secure website
6(c) Two from: 2
Never give your bank details / PIN / password/personal details over the
mobile phone / text message
Ignore text messages from numbers you do not recognise
Report any smishing attempts
Never click on links in text messages from unexpected people
Never phone the phone numbers that are given in a suspect text message

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7(a) Four from: 4
Similarities
A hub and a switch both are used to connect devices to form a LAN
Both a hub and a switch use data packets
A switch is a type of hub
Both check/read the data packets
Differences
In a hub a data packet is broadcast / sent to every computer or device on
the LAN whereas in a switch the data packet is sent to a specific computer
Security is lower in a hub as all data is broadcast
In the switch the destination address is determined/looked up before it is
sent whereas in a hub data packets are sent to all
A switch uses MAC addresses to locate the destination of the device
whereas is a hub MAC addresses are not checked
A switch uses a look up table to determine destination this is not required in
a hub
A switch is capable of more functionality / multiple VLANs but not in a hub
To gain full marks both similarities and differences are required
7(b) Four from: 4
The devices automatically connect when they come into range

Tablet sends radio signals to the printer / printer receives radio signals from
the tablet
Tablet receives radio signals from the printer / printer responds using radio
signals
A handshake takes place
Award a mark for mention of use of 4 digit code for access / default code /
auto connection with code / some devices don’t need code
Uses a band of 79 radio frequencies / channels
The tablet computer randomly chooses one of the radio frequencies /
channels to use
If it is being used it chooses another at random until it finds a free one
Uses spread-spectrum frequency hopping
2 marks can be awarded for a good description of the handshake.

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8(a) 4
Field Name Validation check
Medical_ID_number length check/check digit/type/character

check
Blood_type Lookup check
Date_of_birth Format check/range check/length

check
Contact_telephone_number Length check/character check/type

check
8(b) Medical_ID_number 1
8(c) Max Six from: 6
Information about the patient :

Medical_ID_number, Date_of_birth, Family_name, Doctor_name,
Appointment_time, Contact_telephone_number, Current_medication,
Blood_type
2 marks for all 8 items
1 mark for at least 6 items
Heading –1 mark
Fills the page and is clearly an online form - 1 mark
Home / submit button – 1 mark
Radio buttons for blood type / doctor / Drop down lists – 1 mark
Calendar for appointment time – 1 mark
Appropriate boxes to type in the details – 1 mark
Must have the correct details but appropriate headings are allowed
8(d) Four from: 4
The image has been reduced in size

The background and foreground colours have been inverted
The image has been rotated anti-clockwise / counter-clockwise
The image has been cropped
8(e) Five from: 5
System generates questions

Inference Engine compares data
Compares data with that held in the knowledge base
Uses rules base
Matches to the symptoms are found
System generates a list of possible diagnoses

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9 Six from: 6
Microprocessor is programmed with pre-set values

Microprocessor reads data from the sensor
Microprocessor compares sensor readings with pre-set values
If the readings show there is a car present...
...the microprocessor sends a signal to the actuator
Actuator opens/raises the barrier
If the readings show no car present the microprocessor sends a signal to
the actuator
Actuator lowers the barrier
10 Three Matched pairs: 6
Electrocution from spilling drinks

Use of RCB / Check insulation regularly / check equipment regularly /
No drinks or food near ICT equipment
Fire from sockets being overloaded or equipment overheating

Use a CO2 fire extinguisher / Don’t cover IT equipment vents / check
electrics regularly / don’t overload sockets / ensure good ventilation
Tripping over trailing cables

Use cable ducts / fasten cables to walls / use wireless devices / hide cables
under flooring
Heavy equipment falling could injure someone

Use strong desks / use large desks / secure equipment to wall or floor or
desk

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11(a) Six from: 6
Advantages
Bar code reader / QR reader / Magnetic stripe reader / RFID reader /
Touchscreen is quicker to enter data than keyboard / mouse
Bar code reader / QR reader / Magnetic stripe reader / RFID reader is more
accurate when entering data than keyboard / touchscreen
RFID reader / keyboard can input more information than magnetic stripe
reader / bar code reader / mouse / touchscreen
Disadvantages
Chip / stripe / bar code readers / touchscreen have to be bought / keyboard /
mouse comes with the computer
Continuous use of mouse/keyboard can cause RSI but other devices do not
cause this
If data is typed in using a keyboard / touchscreen then this could lead to
more input errors
More limited options when using a mouse / touchscreen
11(b) Six from: 6
Advantages of email
Fax the document needs to be printed therefore if the receiving fax is out of
paper this cannot happen / An email does not need to be printed
The document can be more easily lost if sent by fax as it is sent to a device
in a library
The fax machine must be switched on to receive the fax / Emails are
received even if the computer is turned off
The quality of the fax may be poor depending on the print quality
The fax will print even if no ink is in the machine
To use a fax in other documents it needs to be manually entered«
«this could lead to errors
If the line is busy there could be a delay in sending the fax
Each sheet has to be transmitted separately in a fax
No need to buy a fax machine if sending an email
An email is sent directly to the inbox/a person / more private

The email’s data is digital therefore it can be directly used in other software
It is faster to send an email than a fax
The email could be sent to a number of different places at once
The email could be sent to numerous devices at once
The email can have the book order as an attachment
Disadvantages of email
Emails can be spam
The content of the email can be changed electronically whereas the fax is
permanent
Emails can contain viruses

PUBLISHED
12(a) Visual verification 2

Double data entry
12(b) Max three from: 4
Not all errors are found by either validation or verification separately

Source document may contain errors
Verification only checks that data is copied correctly
Validation only checks if data is reasonable/sensible
Max two from:
Allow any correct example e.g. the mark registered for a student is incorrect
on the source document and was copied
Correct appropriate explanation of an example of a validation check; e.g.
number of lates for a student is 7 misread as a 1; in a range check of 1 – 10
13(a) Two from: 2
A function is a pre-defined piece of code

Pass parameters / variables to functions
Function has a pre-defined name in the software / reserved word
They are used inside formulae
A built in operation
Allow 1 mark for examples SUM() / AVERAGE() / NOW() etc.
13(b) The reference of the cell does not change when replicated 2
Uses a $ to show the absolute reference
13(c) Two from: 2
Used if a range of cells are to be used many times

Easier to remember a name rather than the cell references
Example – a range of cells, constant value or a formula
If the range of cells moves the reference remains within the workbook

PUBLISHED
14 Six from: 6
Output: ‘Message about the journey’

Input: Customer selects journey details
Output: Message ‘Please enter your card / swipe card’
Input: Customer inserts card into chip reader / customer swipes
card/customer places (contactless) card on reader
Input: Data from the card is read by RFID / magnetic stripe reader /
chip reader
Output: message ‘Please enter your PIN’
Input: PIN is entered
If incorrect, customer is asked to re-enter PIN
Output: Message 'Do not remove your card'
Output: Message 'Please remove your card'
Output: Ticket is printed
Output: Message 'Do you require a receipt?'
Input: Yes / No selected
Output: If Yes selected, the station EFTPOS terminal produces a receipt
Output: verbal instructions on what to do

PUBLISHED
different advantages/disadvantages. The issues raised will be justified.
There will be a reasoned conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear,
organised and presented in a structured and coherent format.
different advantages / disadvantages although development of some of the
points will be limited to one side of the argument. There will be a conclusion.
For the most part the information will be relevant and presented in a
advantages/disadvantages. Answers may be simplistic with little or no
relevance.
Level 0 [0 marks]
Advantages
No danger of accessing inappropriate information
Relevant information can be found quite quickly, if the information you need
is local to the area and held in the historical records at the library
Don’t have to worry about having to have internet connectivity
Less likely to be information overload compared to the internet
Librarian can recommend what and how to search in the historical records
Index makes searching more efficient
Disadvantages
Historical records have limited amounts of information
Historical records only contain one type of information whereas the internet
contains records from other places
Can be slower to find relevant information than using a search engine
The census contains hand written data that is scanned therefore could be
difficult to read
Manual records don’t have multimedia to help explain information
Data in the historical records is not in digital form therefore cannot be copied
and pasted.
More errors in transferring the data than from the internet
Access is limited to library opening hours
Historical records cannot find information from around the world quickly
It can be slower to search for information compared to the internet

PUBLISHED 2019
• marks are awarded for correct / valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2019
1(a) 2
System Applications
(3) (3)
A linker 3
A database 3
An operating system 3
An applet 3
4 correct ticks = Two marks

2 or 3 correct ticks = One mark
1 or 0 correct = Zero marks
1(b) Internal External 2

(3) (3)
A monitor 3
RAM 3
Printer 3
Mouse 3
4 correct ticks = Two marks

2 or 3 correct ticks = One mark
1 or 0 correct = Zero marks
2(a) Part-time 1
2(b) Flexible working 1
2(c) Job-sharing 1
2(d) Compressed hours 1

PUBLISHED 2019
3(a) Three from: 3

Documents do not need to be taken to a central meeting; they would not be
lost in transit
No need to transport heavy documents
The conference can be held at short notice
Reduces the cost of travelling to the meeting
Reduces the cost of venue hire
Reduces the cost of hotel accommodation
Reduces the time lost in working due to travelling
Safer than travelling
Reduces the cost of paying workers whilst they are travelling
3(b) Three from: 3

There could be time lag in the responses
Time lag in pictures producing jerky images
Lip Sync can be an issue/matching sound and image
Explanation of time zone differences
Training of staff to use the new equipment can be costly/time consuming
Requires good network connection/good strength of signal
Power outages have a greater effect with two venues
Additional hardware needed is expensive//cost of set up
Difficult to sign documents/contracts
Physical objects cannot be examined/handled
4(a) Three from, for example: 3

Temperature sensor
Humidity/moisture sensor
Light sensor
Pressure sensor
4(b) Six from: 6

Microprocessor stores start time/time the sprinkler turns on as a preset value
Microprocessor stores end time/time the sprinkler turns off as a preset value
Microprocessor compares current time with end time/start time/preset value
If the current time and the start time are the same, microprocessor turns on
the sprinkler
If current time is less than end time/preset value, then sprinkler remains on
If the time has been reached/exceeded the microprocessor turns off the
sprinkler
Continual process

PUBLISHED 2019
5 Four from: 4
Smartphones are more portable
Smartphones are lighter in weight
Desktops cannot be used on the move//desktops need surfaces to work on
Smartphones have integral devices//desktops have separate keyboard/monitor
Smartphones can use 3G/4G/5G communications link
Smartphones are battery powered//Desktops require a constant power supply
Desktop requires extra hardware/software
Desktop computers have a larger screen
Desktop computers have a larger keyboard
Desktop the footprint is larger
Desktops more powerful
Smartphones have more chance of being damaged/stolen as they are portable
Smartphones tend to use modified websites//desktop can access more
websites
6 Maximum four from: 6

Similarities
Both WiFi and Bluetooth use wireless communications
Both WiFi and Bluetooth use radio frequencies for communication/radio waves
Both WiFi and Bluetooth allow several devices to be connected
Both use security when sending data
Maximum five from:

Differences
WiFi has faster data transfer rate
WiFi has a greater range of transmission
WiFi uses key matching encryption
Bluetooth uses WEP and WPA security together
WiFi can be broadcast
Bluetooth has more channels
Wifi connects more devices

PUBLISHED 2019
7(a) Six from: 6

Open the word processor
Take photos/search for images
Upload the images from the camera/HDD/CD ROM/memory card
Scan photos from the archive material
Save the photos to a folder/file
Open the text files
Import the photos into the document
Crop/edit/resize the photos
Import the previously saved text
Position/place the photos
Wrap the text
Proofread the document
Save the completed document
7(b) Three from: 3

The language/dialect used in checking the spelling could be different, e.g.
English (US)
Names/proper nouns might be highlighted as an error but are acceptable if no
suggestions are given
Similar sounding words need to be checked, i.e. where, were, wear
The spell checker may not understand the word if it is very badly misspelt
The word may not exist in the spell checker dictionary/dictionary might not be
up to date
7(c) Three from: 3

The teacher only needs to type in the name of the group/saving time rather
than typing out all the email addresses
Less likely that a head teacher is omitted
Fewer errors
The headteacher does not have to remember individual email addresses
Less likely to send the same email twice to one headteacher
7(d) Six from: 6

Open presentation software
Open the presentation
Open Slide master
Select Audio from file
Load/import/insert the audio file
Convert the audio file to a suitable format
Choose ‘play across slides’
Choose ‘play in background’
Test/run the presentation/audio file
Save the file

PUBLISHED 2019
8(a) Two from: 2

Helps the systems analyst to understand how the system works
The new system that is designed will have to deal with similar inputs and
outputs as the current system
You would need to have the inputs/outputs to show the input/output devices
that are needed
You would need to have the processing to show the processing devices that
are needed
You would need to have the processing to show the storage/disk space that
are needed
8(b) Two from: 2

Cheaper to purchase as there are no development costs
More reliable as the any errors will have been located/tested
Regular upgrades/improvements more easily obtained
More support as many users
9(a) Four from: 4

In this example the range is B6:B11
The criterion cell reference C1
It searches through the range B6:B11
Counts the number of cells/values «
« that have a value equal to contents of C1/number of times C1 occurs
Returns/displays that count.
9(b) Highlight/select the 6th row 2

Select freeze rows

PUBLISHED 2019
10(a) Maximum three Strategies and Maximum three matching Reasons: 6
Don’t give out personal information to people you do not know «

« they could use it for identity theft
Don’t send photos of yourself to people you do not know «

« these could be used to impersonate/identity theft
Don’t post photos of yourself on the social media without privacy settings
being set «
« anyone you don’t know could see the images
Don’t post photographs that could be linked to you «

« showing images of your school/school uniform could attract strangers
Maintain privacy settings «

« to stop non-friends from contacting you/control of who sees your
information
Only make friends with people you know/known to other friends «

« this stops ‘others’ gaining access to your personal information
Don’t enter private chat rooms «

« stops the stranger writing inappropriate messages (as other people are
watching)
Do not post email addresses/real addresses/real name, etc. «

« these could be used to find information about you/identity theft/stalk
you/break in
Do not reply to or communicate with people you do not know «

« they could extract personal information from you
10(b) Three from: 3

Ethnic/racial origin
Religion/philosophical beliefs
Political views/opinions
Member of a political party
Member of a trade union
Sexual orientation/gender
Criminal record
Health/medical record
Genetic data/DNA
Biometric data

PUBLISHED 2019
11(a) Two from: 2
Save – saves the current file with the same file name, Save As – saves the
current file with a new name/selected file name
Save – saves the current file in the same location/folder, Save As – saves the
current file in a different folder/location
Save – saves the current file with the same file type, Save As – saves the
current file with a new file type
11(b) Two from: 2

To save/lack of storage space/memory in the computer/storage device
Reduces the time to transmit the data
Some email systems only allow smaller attachments/too big to send as an
email
12 Six from: 6
Intranet has restricted access/its private//Internet is world-wide/everywhere
Intranet is used only within a company/organisation/school
Intranet access has more control of data whereas the internet access is
open/public access//the internet anyone can add material
Intranet is policed/moderated/managed
The intranet has reduced unauthorised access to material whereas the
internet has content that is general
Intranet can restrict access to some websites//internet has no restrictions on
websites
Data on the intranet is more reliable/relevant//anyone can add material to the
internet
Intranet sits behind a firewall
Intranet is protected by passwords/has an extra layer of security/more
secure//more chances of hacking on the internet
Intranet is used to give information relating to the company whereas the
internet gives general information
Internet has more information
13 4
3D Laser Dot matrix
(3) (3) (3)
This printer prints layer by layer 3
This printer is an impact printer 3
This printer is a form of ink jet printer 3
This printer produces high quality output

3
quickly

PUBLISHED 2019
14 Maximum five from each of: 6
Advantages:
Regular automatic upgrades of the applications software on the cloud//On
HDD the user may have to upgrade manually
Application software can be used on other devices, automatically, from same
subscription//With HDD application software has to be installed manually on
each computer
All devices tend to work with the cloud, but some devices may not contain a
HDD
Saves hard disk space
Software in the cloud is stored externally, only program data stored on hard
disk
Access software anywhere
Applications software is centrally stored
Software is automatically backed up//Applications stored on the HDD needs to
be backed up manually
Some software can run offline if the connection is unstable
Applications on the cloud tend not to be lost whereas you could
lose/damage/corrupt your computer and HDD
Disadvantages:
Must be connected to the internet for it to operate
If the network connection breaks as data is being saved/loaded it may be
corrupted
If the internet crashes, then any data may not save
Can be difficult to locate an up to date copy
Annual subscription cost for software, may be more expensive than buying a
copy of the software on a CD
You never own the product
Product is leased from the company/if the user does not pay then the product
is locked out
15 Two from: 2
Cheaper in the long run
Standard of the product is more consistent
Robots work 24/7
Robots can work in hostile/dangerous environments/dangerous to humans

PUBLISHED 2019

different benefits/drawbacks. The issues raised will be justified. There will be a
reasoned conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and

different benefits/drawbacks although development of some of the points will
be limited to one side of the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the
most part the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and
coherent format.

Level 0 (0 marks)
Answers may make reference to, e.g.:
Advantages
They provide more consistent answers
Do not forget to ask a question
Can reduce the time to find the solution/get results/to obtain a diagnosis
They give a number of different possibilities
Less need for specialists/doctors therefore reduces the cost of finding a
solution
Allows the system to be used in parts of the world where experts/medical
specialists not available
Use the collective wisdom of more than one expert//it contains more
information than one doctor
Can be used online/24/7
Disadvantages
They are machines therefore lack common sense
If the knowledge base contains errors then incorrect decisions can be made
Expensive to set up in the first place/purchase
The need for training for operators
Cost of training for operators
Expensive to maintain

PUBLISHED 2019
• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is
given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to
your Team Leader as appropriate
Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions
or in the application of generic level descriptors.
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2019
1 4
normal abnormal extreme
(3) (3) (3)
one 3
4 3
10 3
3.2 3
2 2
CLI GUI
(3) (3)
This interface does not need a pointing device 3
This is an example of a WIMP interface 3
The user has to type in instructions 3
This interface takes up more memory in the computer 3
Two marks for 4 correct ticks

One mark for 2 or 3 correct ticks
Zero marks for 0 or 1 tick
3(a) A linker 1
3(b) A touch screen 1
3(c) Vision enhancement 1
3(d) Quantum cryptography 1

PUBLISHED 2019
4(a) Three from: 3

Buttons
Touch screen
Microphone
Camera
4(b) Flash memory card reader 1
4(c) Two from: 2

Speaker/headphone
Touch screen
LED bulb
Buzzer
5 Four from: 4
A laptop is more portable
A laptop is made in one unit whereas a desktop has several items of hardware
therefore fewer items to lose
The footprint of the laptop tends to be smaller
Lower power consumption
Uses battery power so can be used in more places
6(a) Four from: 4

Purchase the hardware
Purchase/download the software
Set up the hardware
Configure all the hardware
Load the software onto the computers
Purchase network licences
Set up staff privileges
Purchase a hub/switch
Allocate/set IP addresses
Install network cards
Set up file/printer sharing
Set up the users
6(b) Three from: 3

A router receives/sends data packets
Routers inspect the data packets received
Checks the destination IP address
Checks the IP address using the stored routing table
It uses a routing table which lists all the different routes to other networks
Data packet is sent to the appropriate/next switch/router
Uses the MAC address to send to correct computer/device
Uses the IP address to work out the best/quickest route

PUBLISHED 2019
6(c) Four from: 4

Laptops transmit data by radio waves «
« to a wireless transmitter/Wireless Access Point
The Wireless Access Point converts these radio waves into data «
« and passes it to the switch«
« data transmitted to the destination computer
Explanation of handshaking
Explanation of authentication using Wireless security key
Explanation of obtaining an IP address from the network
7(a) Two from: 2

Rotate the shape 90 degrees anti-clockwise/left
Resize the shape/reduced the size of the shape
Keeping the aspect ratio
7(b) Two from: 2

Crop the image
Invert/fill the image black
8(a) Two from 2

Allows files to be opened in other software
Allows files to be opened on other systems/platforms/manufacturers
To create a standard so that other software can understand
8(b)(i) .css 1
8(b)(ii) .rar 1
8(b)(iii) .gif 1
8(b)(iv) .csv 1

PUBLISHED 2019
9(a) IF(C11>0,"L","OT") 3
IF() – One mark

C11>0, – One mark
"L","OT" – One mark
9(b) VLOOKUP(D11,A$2:B$8,2,FALSE) 6
VLOOKUP() – One mark

(D11, – One mark
,A2:B8, – One mark
$ – One mark for correct use
,2, – One mark
,FALSE) – One mark
9(c) COUNTIF(F11:F17,"L") 3
COUNTIF() – One mark

(F11:F17, – One mark
,"L") – One mark
9(d) Pie chart 1
10 Disadvantages: 6
Maximum five from:
A dot matrix printer is noisier when it prints therefore would not be used in an
office
Printing is slower using a dot matrix
Dot matrix prints line by line, whereas a laser is a page printer
Dot matrix printers cannot easily handle large print jobs, whereas laser printers
can
Printer ribbon is more expensive that toner
A dot matrix has more limited colour facilities as it uses a ribbon
Print quality is lower than a laser printer
Advantages:
A dot matrix printer can be used is harsh conditions
A dot matrix uses a ribbon and ink which is far safer than toner which gives off
ozone
A dot matrix uses multipart stationery therefore carbon copies can be made as
it prints
Can use continuous stationery therefore less chance of the paper running out
during a print job

PUBLISHED 2019
11(a) Six from: 6

People no longer have to do manual tasks at home
No need to stay at home whilst washing is carried out/people can go out
shopping/to work and come home to washed clothes
People have more time to spend on leisure activities/shopping/socialising
Increased sense of security
Smart fridges can be used to improve healthy lifestyle/order fresh food/cuts
waste
Heating/air conditioning can be set remotely/the user can arrive home to a
warm/cool house
Saves fuel as the heating/air conditioning is not on all day
Reduces injuries by using microprocessor-controlled lights outside
11(b) Six from: 6

Security problem of others gaining access to devices like burglar
alarms/security cameras/people can view your house/switch off the alarm
More expensive than manual systems to repair/purchase
Problem of disconnection stopping the device/if the internet/electricity goes
down then the device may not operate
If the controller is out of range, then the device cannot be operated
Interference with the signal can stop the device/walls/weather can interfere with
the signal
The lack of privacy of the data being sent to and from the device/hackers can
find your details by hacking devices
If you lose the controller/then this can cause problems in the home and cannot
operate the system
In a smart fridge online shopping lists are created automatically these may
have to be overwritten/as it will order anything removed from the fridge whether
it is needed or not
Devices can be taken over and malware installed/hacked
If the controller is not powered up, then system may not operate
12(a) Two from: 2

Software is specially designed for the sports club so that if meets their needs
The software only has the features needed by the sports club therefore uses
less memory
Less functions in the software making it easier to use/less help needed
Customised support from the systems analyst
Can be changed when the sports club needs it changing
12(b) Six from: 6

Faster to search for a record
Faster to retrieve records
Data can easily be used in other applications
Example mail merge to send out reminders
Faster/easier to add/edit/delete records
Saves physical space in the office as there are no paper records stored
Cheaper to store data as there is less paper used
There would be fewer errors as there is no manual checking of paper records
Safeguards to reduce errors can be built into the software
Several people can use the data at the same time

PUBLISHED 2019
12(c) Direct changeover: 6

The old system is stopped overnight and the new system is started
immediately
Benefit one from:

The benefits are immediate
Costs are reduced as there is only one set of staff
Less likely to fail as it has been thoroughly tested
Drawback:
If the new system fails there is no system to fall back onto/no backup
Parallel running:
The old and new systems run side by side until the new system takes over
Benefit one from:

The old system can be used as a back up
Staff can be trained gradually/get used to the new system
Drawback one from:

More time consuming as the data needs to be entered into two systems
More chance of error on data entry
More costly as there are two sets of staff
13(a) Three from: 3

Robots can work in environments where humans would have difficulty
Robots can work 24/7
Robots are not paid/cheaper in the long run
Productivity is higher
Fewer mistakes are made/greater accuracy
More consistent
Allow humans to do more skilled work/other tasks
13(b) Three from: 3

Expensive to maintain/repair
Expensive to purchase
Replace labour, leads to unemployment
Description of de-skilling

PUBLISHED 2019

different benefits/drawbacks. The issues raised will be justified. There will be
a reasoned conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and

different benefits/drawbacks although development of some of the points will
be limited to one side of the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the most
part the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent
format.

Level 0 (0 marks):
Benefits:
Prevents illegal material being posted/shown
Examples racist/prejudice, pornographic
Dark net would be banned
Information that states how to make bombs. how to hack would be banned
Help to prevent children from gaining access to undesirable/pornography
websites
Help to stop incorrect information being found on the net/fake news
Help to stop people that send messages in riots
Helps to prevent discussion groups that incite hatred, racism, etc.
Ensure copyright laws are enforced
Safeguards the vulnerable

PUBLISHED 2019
14 Drawbacks:
Information on illegal material/how to make bombs, etc. can be found in other
resources
It would be very expensive to police/set up a police group
It would be very difficult to police data being sent from one country to another
It would be very difficult to set standard rules as many countries/states have
different rules
Laws already exist in different parts of the world to police internet data in that
country, would these laws need to still exist.
Freedom of speech/human rights is restricted
Material found on the internet can be found elsewhere
The internet is international therefore there could be problems liaising with
other police forces
A new police force would need to be set up costing a lot of money
Individual police forces/multi-country police internet locally
What is classed as illegal; may be different in other countries therefore difficult
to police
Some medical websites could be classed as illegal but could be legal
elsewhere/could be classed as pornography
The mass of information increases daily therefore difficult to check
People tend to be anonymous therefore difficult to find the culprits

PUBLISHED 2019
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2019
1(a) Wide format printer 1
1(b) Driving wheel 1
1(c) Touch pad 1
1(d) Speaker 1
2 4
optical magnetic Solid state
(3) (3) (3)
Hard disk 3
SD card 3
CD ROM 3
Memory stick 3
3 Four from, for example: 4

GPS/location services/sat nav
Telephone banking
Social networking
Emails sending/receiving
Streaming videos/music
Making/receiving text messaging
Taking photos
Play music
4 Two from: 2
Connects a LAN to a WAN
Allows devices to connect to the internet
Forwards data packets
Sends/receives data packets

PUBLISHED 2019
5 6
Health problem Possible solution
Reading from the Headache/eye strain Use anti-glare screen

monitor in poor Turn the screen 90 degrees to
lighting the window
Improve the lighting
Using a mouse for RSI/pains in Use a wrist rest

prolonged periods fingers/wrist/Carpel Regular breaks
of time Tunnel Syndrome Use a trackerball/ergonomic
mouse
Hand exercises
Sitting too long in Back ache/neck ache Use a footrest

one position Taking breaks
Use an ergonomic/adjustable
chair
Sit with correct posture/straight
back
Maximum of one mark per box
6 Six from: 6
This can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle as people rely on ready-made foods
People depend on the devices for all their chores making them lazy
Devices carry out the manual tasks leading to lack of exercise/sedentary
People lose their household skills in carrying out tasks
There is a danger that devices that use the internet can have security issues
If the internet crashes/electricity outage, then the device may not operate but the
user would not know
Smart fridges automatically re-order food as it is used but seasonal changes may
lead to wrong food being ordered
Possible health issues from the devices, e.g. microwave leakage

PUBLISHED 2019
7 Five from: 5
Matched pairs
background-color:#7g7d76
the colour is not correct i.e. g
{text-weight:bold;
Text-weight should be font-weight
font-size:42px
; missing from the end of the command
text-decoration: underlined;
underlined should be underline;
text-align: centre}
should be text-align: center}
background-color:#7g7d76
missing bracket/add } after the 6

PUBLISHED 2019
8(a) IF(E2>400,E2*K$3,E2*K$4) 7
One mark for IF()

One mark for E2>400,
One mark for E2*K$3,
One mark for E2*K$4
One mark for correct use of absolute referencing/$ K3 and K4 only

One mark for correct order operator, then TRUE then FALSE
One mark for use of K3 and K4 rather than numeric values K3 not 0.25, K4 not
0.45
8(b) (C2-B2)*F2 2
One mark for (C2-B2)

One mark for *F2
8(c) Two from: 2

Highlight Column E
Select filter
Select number filter greater than or equal to/untick all the cells that are less than
400
Type in 400
8(d) Four from: 4

Fewer errors in final version of real item as errors would have been resolved in
model
Saves money as it saves on resources
Safer to run a computer model rather than risking human life
Different scenarios/what ifs can be carried out which may happen in real life/to
experiment
Impossible to try out the real thing due to cost/time
Time scales are reduced, the real thing could take a long time to operate
9 Four from: 4
Data from the temperature sensor is sent to the microprocessor
The microprocessor has a stored/preset value
Data from the temperature sensor is compared with the preset value
If the reading is higher than the preset value«
«microprocessor sends signal«
«to the actuator to turn the oven off
If the reading is lower than the preset value signal is sent to the oven to turn/keep
it on
Continual process

PUBLISHED 2019
10(a) Maximum five from each of: 6
Inputs:
Insert card/input account number
Enter PIN
Select deposit
Select the language
Select cheque
Select Account
Enter cheque
Select ‘confirm’ amount
Processing:
Checks the cheque is the right way up
Scans the cheque
Uses OCR to read the font/handwriting
Attempts to read the handwriting
Reads the details on the cheque using MICR
If the cheque cannot be read then stores the cheque for later checking
If it can be read then accept cheque
Checks if information on the cheque is correct

PUBLISHED 2019
10(b) Maximum five from each of: 6
Benefits:
Human validation is needed to check the amount/signature which improves
security
May be closer than the nearest bank branch therefore saves time than going to
the bank
Can deposit cheques 24/7
Saves money in travelling to the bank
Extra security due to using a card and PIN
Less queues in the bank
A picture receipt is given of cheques
May be more ATMs than banks
Drawbacks:
If the cheque is torn then it may not be read by the ATM
The handwriting on the cheque may be difficult to read therefore delaying the
processing
Human validation is needed to check the amount/signature this leads to delays in
processing
People may not be happy in using this method for example for security
reasons/prefer human touch
Not all ATMs use this method
May need a card/PIN to operate
Stolen cheques from the customer could be processed more easily
ATM may not be working
ATM may reject certain types of cheque
Confusion for the customer using the ATM as some ATMs may have a different
process
Cannot get human help if it goes wrong
One mark can be awarded for a reasoned conclusion

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11(a) Interview 6
Benefit one from:
The user is more open and honest with the answers
Questions can be added to/extended
Questions can be modified
Can see body language/facial expressions
Drawback one from:

Time consuming to complete all the interviews
Expensive due to analyst’s time
Not anonymous so interviewee less likely to answer honestly
Can give answers that they think the interviewer wants
May not be available at the time the analyst is available
Questionnaire
Benefit one from:
Faster to complete all questionnaires
Individuals can remain anonymous therefore they are more truthful
More people can answer the questionnaire than can be interviewed
They can fill it in in their own time
Drawback one from:

Users tend to exaggerate their responses as they are anonymous
As its anonymous people may not take it seriously
Observation
Benefit one from:
Reliable data
Better overall view of the whole system/all the inputs and outputs of the system
Inexpensive method as the analyst is only watching the workers
Drawback:
Description of the Hawthorne effect
11(b) Normal 3
Data is within the range of acceptability
Abnormal
One from:
Data outside the range of acceptability
Data that is of an incorrect type
Extreme
Data that is on the boundary/limit of acceptability

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11(c) 3
Tick
(9)
Program name
Glossary of terms
Frequently asked questions
Algorithm 9
How to print data
File structures 9
Error messages
List of variables 9

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12(a) Four from: 4

Don't give out personal information such as his address or phone number
Don’t send pictures of himself to anyone, especially indecent pictures
Don't open/click on suspicious links/adverts on social media
Don't become online ‘friends’ with people he does not know/don’t contact/chat to
people you do not know
Never arrange to meet someone in person who he has only met online
If anything he sees or reads online worries him, he should tell someone about
it/block them
Use appropriate language
Set security so only friends can contact
12(b) Three from with an expansion, for example: 6

Material found on the internet can be found elsewhere
People can make their own decisions on what they read on the internet«
«reduces their freedom
The internet is international«
«therefore there could be problems liaising with other police forces
A new police force would need to be set up«
«costing, a lot of money
The laws regarding the use of the internet are not consistent«
«different law in states/countries
It goes against freedom of speech/human rights«
«comments could be blocked
Individual police forces/multi-country police«
«internet is policed locally
What is classed as illegal; may be different in other countries«
«therefore difficult to police
Some medical websites could be classed as illegal«
«but could be legal elsewhere/could be classed as pornography
The mass of information increases daily«
«therefore difficult to check
People tend to be anonymous«
«therefore difficult to find the culprits

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13(a) Two from: 2

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
Set of communication rules
Used when transferring data across the internet
Uses encryption/SSL/TLS
13(b) Two from: 2

Uniform Resource Locator
Resource/website address
Used by web browsers
To access/link web pages/retrieve files
14 Four from: 4
Bluetooth sends and receives radio waves
Enable Bluetooth
Bluetooth searches for the other devices
Pairs the two devices
Devices automatically detect and connect to each other
Used for short distances
Randomly picks channels to use one of 79 channels can be used
Uses spread spectrum frequency hopping
Constantly change the channels to stop interference with other communication
systems
Used for low-bandwidth applications, e.g. streaming music
Used when the speed of transmission is not critical
Bluetooth can be used to create a secure Wireless Personal Area Network

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different benefits/drawbacks. The issues raised will be justified. There will be a
reasoned conclusion. The information will be relevant, clear, organised and

different benefits/drawbacks although development of some of the points will be
limited to one side of the argument. There will be a conclusion. For the most part
the information will be relevant and presented in a structured and coherent
format.

Candidates may only address one side of the argument, and give basic benefits
and drawbacks. Answers may be simplistic with little or no relevance.
Level 0 (0 marks)
Response with no valid content/
The user has to be present to enter the computer system

Non-biometric systems allow others to enter system by stealing
passwords/security cards
Biometrics not affected by strong electromagnetic fields but a swipe card could be
Relative higher level of accuracy
Passwords need to be strong to reach same level of accuracy
Passwords can be forgotten whereas biometrics cannot
Encryption does not stop hackers
Firewalls do not stop hackers only unauthorised systems
Firewalls can be turned off
The more complex the password the more chance of it being forgotten
Shoulder surfing passwords can lead to illegal entry but not with biometrics
If fingerprint damaged/use of dark glasses/swipe card damaged/password
forgotten then data entry can be stopped
Intrusive as personal details have to be stored in biometrics
Can be a slower entry using biometrics as more checking is carried out
Security can be lowered with biometrics due to problems in reading data
Harder to set up the biometric system
Takes longer to add new people to the system
Biometrics can use a lot of memory to store the data
Signature/voice entry – person needs to write the signature the same each
time/speak the same each time
Voice can be recorded by mobile device and then used to enter system
Security issues if data from signatures are used in other ways
Examples:
Retina/iris scan/face recognition/fingerprint/hand print

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These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.
• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.
Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

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Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).
Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

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1(a) Webcam 2
Mouse
1(b) RAM 2
Video card
2 2
internet intranet
This type of network is public 
This is the more secure type of network 
This type of network is global 
This type of network is more likely to be monitored 
3 Two from, for e.g.: 2

Oil prospecting
Mineral prospecting
Diagnostic systems
Careers
Medical diagnosis

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4(a) 4
desktop tablet
smartwatch
computer computer
A computer made up of separate units 
Is an example of wearable technology 
A portable device that allows text to be typed relatively easily 
Most easily used for fitness and health monitoring by runners 
4(b) Three from: 3

More portable as it is lighter in weight
Smaller in size therefore can fit in in your pocket
More likely to have the smartphone with you at all times
Easier to receive and make phone calls on the move
More of a chance of retaining the signal//can be used in more places than a laptop computer
Less power consumption
5(a) IF(A2<>"",VLOOKUP(A2,E3:F6,2), "") 5
If the contents of A2 are not empty – 1 mark

Otherwise display a blank cell – 1 mark
Three from:
Looks up/searches the value in A2
Looks up in the range E3:F6
Retrieves/displays the corresponding value
From the second column of the range
Displays the value/produces ICT in A3

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5(b)(i) Three from: 3

Used if the range of cells is to be used many times
Easier to remember a name rather than cell references
Only has to type in the name rather than the cell references
Less chance of errors when entering the range
If the range of cells moves/copied the name still refers to the cells
5(b)(ii) Example name – Subjects 1
5(c) Counts the number of candidates/people that are opting for the ICT examination 2
or
Counts the number of ‘E’ in the range A4:A15
6(a) \Work\Class_A1\Examination_Marks\ 3
\Work – 1 mark
\Class_A1 – 1 mark
\Examination_Marks – 1 mark
6(b) .txt is a text file format – 1 mark 2

.rtf is a rich text format – 1 mark
6(c) Three from: 3

RTF has basic formatting (embolden, underline, etc.) while TXT is plain text
RTF is capable of paragraph formatting while TXT is not
RTF is capable of creating bulleted lists while TXT is not
RTF files can include images while TXT cannot
TXT takes up less memory while RTF takes up more memory

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6(d) Four from: 4

To save time typing the personal details of each student onto the document
To help reduce the number of errors in the typing of the data
Used to save time editing the document
Produces a personalised document for each student
So the teacher does not miss out a student

The biometric data is unique to the user
Biometric data is always with you
Passwords can be copied/forgotten/guessed/cracked
Difficult to copy/forge biometric data
Eliminates shoulder surfing
Prevents key logging software
Max two from, e.g.:

fingerprints, Retina scans, Voice recognition, Iris scans, Handprint
7(b) Four from: 4

If the user wears glasses/grows a beard/damages the face/aging effects, then the laptop computer may not read the face
correctly
Position of the face and distance from the screen is important
Possible concerns about personal liberty infringement/intrusive
Equipment/set up is more expensive
The system has to be set up before use and this can take more time than setting up a password
May activate accidentally
Once set up it is difficult to reset

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8(a) Two from: 2

A flat file database stores data in one table//a relational database uses multiple tables
In a relational database the tables are linked
In a relational database must have a primary key and a foreign key in the linked tables
8(b) Four from: 4

Open database package
Select database tools
The teacher’s file and subject file would be imported to separate tables
A primary key is identified/set
The foreign key is identified in the subject table
Click/create/select relationships
The primary key is dragged to the foreign key
Save the database
9 4
header footer margin
Text entered that can appear at the top of each page automatically 
An area between the main content of a page and the edge of the page 
An additional space between facing pages 
Text entered that can appear at the bottom of each page automatically 

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10(a) Four from: 4
Cell phone
He could use his cell phone to send text messages
Text messages can be sent at any time of the day//Text messages are not affected by time zone differences
He can capture image/audio and send them
VoIP
Used on any computing device that can connect to the internet
Can connect using hot spots
Live videos can be sent
To gain full marks it needs at least one benefit of using a cell phone and at least one benefit of using VoIP
10(b) One from: 1

Pay in cash/money
Withdraw cash/money
10(c) 2
Appropriate Not Appropriate
How old are you? 
What is your mother’s maiden name? 
What is your PIN? 
Which town were you born in? 

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10(d) Three from: 3

Saves money by not having to pay for transport to the bank
Saves time by not having to travel to the bank
He does not carry cash therefore less chance of robbery
Banking is 24/7
Money from his parents can be sent at any time therefore speeding up the time it takes to reach his account
Saves time rather than queueing in the bank
He can select his own language
10(e) Two from: 2

May not have a stable internet connection
It is easier to make an error with online banking
There may not be the facilities to carry out online banking in remote parts of Kenya
Security issues as he could be using public hot spots
May need cash as isolated communities may not have facilities
11 Max four from: 6

The introduction of robots has reduced the number of car production/factory floor workers
Vehicle production factories/robots work ‘24/7’
Workers could be working unsociable hours
De-skilling of staff
Increase in training for staff
Max four from:

Increase in the number of supervisors/quality control workers
Increase in the number of maintenance staff
Increase in part time/job sharing
Increased number of staff compressing hours
Increase in the number of engineers/designers/programmers to build the robots

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12(a) Four from: 4

The web address should start with https
There is a closed/green padlock
When the padlock is clicked a message will state the connection is encrypted/secure
The web page has a digital/SSL certificate
The green padlock shows it has an Extended Validation (EV) certificate/CA certificate
12(b) Max four from: 6

Differences
Pharming downloads a file/program/malicious code onto the user’s smartphone
When the user enters a correct website the software redirects them to the fake website
When the user enters his password/personal data it is sent to the hacker’s computer
Pharming can be stopped by not downloading .exe, .bat files
In Smishing the user receives a text message from an unknown person

In Smishing the user is asked to phone a number/reply to the text/click on a link
Smishing can be stopped by not replying to unknown text messages
Max three from:

Comparisons
Both are attacks on the smartphone
Both redirect the user to a fake company/person/fake website
Both require the user to enter/divulge personal information
Both obtain/steal personal/your data

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13(a) Advantages 8
Max five from:
Allows the use of sound/animation/video/transitions to make the presentation//leaflets cannot use sound/animation/video
Can be more interactive therefore can be used on a company website/interactive whiteboard
Hyperlinks can be used//the users of the leaflet would have to type in the hyperlink
No printing costs
More accessible (speak text, etc.)
People can throw away leaflets without reading them
Easier to update
Disadvantages
Max five from:
Special equipment is needed to view the presentation
Power/equipment failure/corrupted software can be an issue
There could be more focus on the presentation rather than the content
People have to be present in the lecture room
The leaflet can be read at any time
Presentations cannot be written in braille
13(b) Four from: 4

Open the presentation
Take/photograph an image of the product
Upload an image of the new product from a camera/file/the company website//export from camera
Save the image
Select the correct slide
Create a frame on the slide
Browse/search for the image
Import/insert/copy and paste the image into the presentation/slide
Place/drag the image in correct place
Edit the image
Save the presentation

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13(c) Two from: 2

The image is not in the current/same folder
The name of the image/format/extension is incorrect
The image does not exist//software does not support the file extension
The image has not been uploaded

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responses seen).

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1(a) Two from: 2

Software is programs and data
Programs for processing of electronic data
1(b) System software 2

Applications software
2 2
CLI GUI
The user has to type in every instruction 
The user does not need to learn any of the


instructions
Each instruction has to be typed in correctly 
The user is in direct communication with the


computer
Two marks for four correct ticks

One mark for two or three correct ticks
Zero marks for one correct tick
3(a) Four from: 4

An item of hardware
It carries out the instructions of a computer program
It performs basic arithmetic calculations
It performs logical operations
It performs input/output operations of the computer
It contains the internal storage/control unit
3(b) (i) RFID reader 4

(ii) Magnetic Ink Character Reader/MICR
(iii) Bar code reader
(iv) Chip reader
4(a) Question 1 Numeric: integer // text 4

Question 2 Date/time
Question 3 Boolean/logical
Question 4 Text/alphanumeric

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4(b) 2
abnormal normal
AB 
C 
B 
AO 

4(c) Gender = F AND Blood_group = A* 6
Gender – 1 mark
= F – 1 mark
AND –1 mark
= A* – 1 mark
use of wildcard – 1 mark
Blood_group – 1 mark
4(d) Two matched pairs from: 4
The age changes every year therefore it will need to be changed regularly ...
... Administration of the database becomes more time consuming.
The age of the donor can be easily and automatically calculated from their
date of birth ...
... improving accuracy.
Data only needs to be entered once ...

... reducing errors.
4(e) Length check // Range check 1

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Comparisons
Both use the internet
Both redirect the user to a fake website
Both can lead to fraud and identity theft
Both use websites that look legitimate
Personal data is compromised
Max four from:
Differences
With phishing emails are sent to the computer
In pharming malicious code is uploaded to the computer
In phishing clicking a link sends user to a fake website
In pharming the code redirects the user to a fake website without their
knowledge
The email in phishing appears to have come from a trusted source
Website in pharming appears to be genuine
In pharming spyware can be used to record key presses
5(b) Six from: 6
Avoid clicking on any unknown texts with links/Avoid clicking links in texts
from people you do not know.
Do not reply to text messages that have asked you about any of your
personal finances/details.
Report any suspicious activity.
Be on the lookout for messages that contain the number 5000 or any
number that is not a phone number as this is used by smishers.
If the text messages urge you for a quick reply then that is a clear sign of
smishing.
Do extensive research before replying to any message. There are plenty

websites that allow anyone to run searches based on a phone number and
see any relatable information about whether or not a number is legitimate.
Never call back a phone number that was associated with the text from an
unknown source.
If the message states ‘Dear user, congratulations, you have won.’ It is a

clear sign for smishing.
Check the time when the unknown message was sent.
If the text message was sent at an unusual time, then that is another sign of
smishing.

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6 4
LAN WAN WLAN
The internet is an example of this type


of network
This type of network is found in a

building but is connected without 
cables
This type of network is used to

transmit data between Europe and 
North America
This type of network is found in a


building but is connected with cables
One mark per correct row
7 Max three from: 4
Advantages
All elements are together in one unit therefore takes up less space
They are portable
Can be used in more places than a desktop
Max three from:
Disadvantages
Easier to steal/lose
Limited battery life so more likely to run out of power
Pointing devices can be more difficult to use
In built webcams can be more difficult to use rather than a desktop
If one piece of hardware breaks it can be more difficult to replace
Desktops have a better heat dispersion rate
More likely to be damaged as they are portable.
Screen size may be smaller
Less powerful

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Benefits
If personal data is kept confidential then identity theft is reduced
It helps prevent fraud
Reduces the chance of users suffering harm from criminals, as less data for
criminals to attempt to access
… examples:
racial/ethnic/political/religious/membership of trade unions/health/criminal
activity
Protects the data being used for purposes other than what it was collected
for
Max five from:
Drawbacks
Difficult to enforce as users give information freely
Most users do not read the terms and conditions before agreeing to them,
therefore allowing data to be used
Data protection is local but networks are global so laws are difficult to
enforce
Younger people do not mind that data is passed on therefore the law could
not be enforced for all
8(b) Two from: 2

Electronic Junk email/unsolicited emails/sent to a person without requesting
it
Deliberate filling up of a user’s inbox/many emails sent at once
Emails sent to everyone on the mailing list
8(c) Four from: 4

Takes time to deal with it
Can fill up the receiver’s mail box and therefore fill up hard disk/leads to
denial of service
Can increase the time needed to run your email software
Could contain a virus

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9(a) 6
Device Input Output Both
Bar code reader 
Buzzer 
Touch screen on till 
Receipt printer 
Light sensor on the conveyor belt 
Electronic scales 
9(b) Max five from: 6

Bar code is scanned at the POS/bar code number entered manually
Bar code is searched for in the stock file …
… until the record is found
Details of the product are read
Stock level of the item reduced by 1
New stock level written back to the file
Item is flagged to state order in place
If less than the re-order level then the item is automatically re-ordered – 1
mark
10(a) Six from: 6

Current system is observed
Staff/potential users interviewed
Staff/potential users given questionnaires
Gather information about current system
Existing documents examined
Inputs, outputs and processing of the current system determined
Problems with current system identified
User and information requirements identified
System specification decided
Hardware identified/justified
Software identified/justified

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10(b) Max three from: 4
Advantages
Fingerprints are unique
More accurate data entry
Improved security
Your fingerprints are with you all the time/cannot be lost/ID cards can be lost
Student needs to be present at the reader
Magnetic cards can be affected by magnetic fields/smart phones
Very difficult to clone unlike cards
Max three from:
Disadvantages
Takes a longer time to collect all the fingerprints and store them rather than
producing ID cards
Equipment would be more expensive
Damage to the finger/reader will give false readings/no reading
Invasion of privacy
10(c) Three from: 3

Iris scan
Hand print
Facial recognition
Voice recognition
Retina scan
11 Four from: 4
Data should be fairly and lawfully processed
Data should only be processed for the stated purpose
Data should be adequate, relevant and not excessive/limited
Data should not be kept longer than necessary
Data should be processed in accordance with the data subject’s rights
Data should be kept secure
Data should not be transferred to another country unless they have
adequate protection.
Data should be processed in a transparent manner
Data should be collected for specified/explicit/legitimate purposes
Data should only be further processed for archive purposes which is
compatible with the initial purposes
Data kept for archiving should safeguard the rights and freedoms of
individuals
Explicit consent required for processing sensitive data
Parental consent required for processing personal data of children including
online services
Data subjects are allowed access to their personal data

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12 Magnetic stripe 8
Benefits
The user needs to have the card present to use it
Data more difficult to copy as it uses a stripe
Increased security as signature is also needed
Drawbacks
The card could be stolen and the signature copied
Magnetic stripe can be affected by magnetic fields
Card can be damaged due to overuse
Chip and PIN

Benefits
Increased security as the card and a PIN is also needed
The chip cannot be scanned remotely
Drawbacks
Shoulder surfing can take place
Security risk as the chip contains personal information
Card can be damaged due to overuse
Contactless
Benefits
More secure as encryption is used to read the card
Card details can be stored on a smartphone which might have an extra layer
of security
Stops shoulder surfing
Only allows a small amount to be transacted
Drawbacks
Someone who steals the card can use it without a PIN
Can be cloned using electronic devices
No contact with the device so other devices may ‘read’ the card accidentally
Security risk as the card contains personal information
To achieve full marks all three methods must be discussed, the discussion
must also cover both the benefits and drawbacks.

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responses seen).

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1(a) 4
Text
Boolean Numeric
(alphanumeric)
Athlete_name 
Gold_medal(Y/N) 
Age 
Name_of_Country 
1(b) Six from: 6

Italic
Increase/decrease font size
Border
Tab
Bold
Superscript
Underline
Text highlighting
2(a) Command Line Interface/CLI 1
2(b) Two from: 2

Have to remember/learn the commands
Have to type in the commands accurately
Difficult to edit once commands typed in
3 Bluetooth 4
Modem
Router
WiFi

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4(a) One from: 4

Normal data: Any integer between 1 and 10
Two from: (must be a different type)

Abnormal data: Any number outside the range/alphabetic/symbol/negative
number/decimal number
One from:
Extreme: 1 or 10
4(b)(i) Five from: 5

Select the whole sheet
Right click then Format cells
Click Protection tab ...
... unlock cells
Highlight F3:F6/Forecast grades column/column F
Lock cells
Click on Review then protect sheet
4(b)(ii) Calculates the Average 4

of the range B3 to D3
Rounds up the answer
to 0 decimal places/integer
4(c) Three from: 6

Highlight A3:A6
Hold CTRL
Select G3:G6
Click insert
Column/bar graph
Three from:
Add legend
Add chart title
Add axes labels
Remove gridlines
Change colour/thickness of the bars
5 Two from: 2
File transfer protocol
Used when transferring files from one computer to another over the internet

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Comparisons
Both use communication devices to collect personal data
Both require the user to communicate quickly
Both require the user to enter personal data
Both use the internet
Max five from:
Differences
Smishing: fake text messages/SMS are sent to a phone
Phishing: fake emails are sent to your computer
In smishing the user may be asked to make a phone call
A smishing message is shorter than a phishing email
Easier to spot a smishing message
Smishing messages tend to use 5000 in the message
6(b) Six from: 6

Avoid clicking on any unknown emails with links.
Do not reply to emails that have asked you about any of your personal data.
Report any suspicious activity.
If the email urges you for a quick reply then that is a clear sign of phishing.
Do extensive research before replying to any message, check the domain
name/company name
If the email is too good to be true, it possibly is
Check the time when the unknown email was sent.
If the email was sent at an unusual time, then that is another sign of
phishing.
If the to: box has a large number of similar emails to yours then it is phishing
If there are several grammar mistakes then it is suspicious
7(a) 3D printer 1
7(b) LCD Monitor 1
7(c) Buzzer 1

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8 Max four from: 6
Advantages
Tablet computers are more portable
Can be used in more places than a desktop computer
Smaller footprint as the units are not separate
Powered by battery so can be used away from a power supply
Internet connection may be better as device is portable
Max four from:
Disadvantages
Tablet computers are easier to steal/lose
As the elements of a desktop computer are separate they are easier to
upgrade/tablet computers are one unit
Batteries can run out/desktop computers have less chance of running out of
power
Screens are smaller
Keyboard tends to be onscreen/touch screen therefore can be harder to use
No mouse therefore pointing devices/touchscreen can be harder to use
Webcams tend to be static therefore harder to use
Less standard ports/sockets
Desktop computers have a better heat dispersion rate
Desktop computers are less likely to be damaged as they are not portable.
9(a) Two from: 2

Can lead to laziness
Lack of fitness/exercise
Manual household skills are lost

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Drawbacks
Security issue with the data being sent as passwords can be accessed
Leads to laziness as voice control used
Heavily reliant on power/battery power
Other people can hack devices
Reliant on the WiFi connection
Can be affected by walls/weather
Affected by distance from the WAP
Max four from:
Benefits
Smartphones can connect to the devices and can control them
Wireless so no tripping over wires
Voice control can be used to activate the devices
Home surveillance from afar
TV on demand
Keyless door locks are more secure
10 Four from: 4
The music score can be generated from the music played
The editing/correcting of the music score in a different key is faster
Solo music scores can be easily transformed into music for many parts
Software can automatically correct the music score
Music can be played automatically as it is written
Music notes are automatically printed out in the correct format
Music scores can be saved for future editing
11(a) Interview members of the target audience to see what they want from the 2
presentation
Give out questionnaires to the target audience
11(b) Four from: 4

Select slide 1
Click Insert …
... Select Audio
Locate the music on PC and select
Click play in background
Test it by running the slideshow

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11(c) Four from: 4

The font needs to be easy to read
Larger font needed
Different font
Bright colours
Animation used
Simpler language
Shorter length
Transition effects
More pictures than text
Different music
12(a) Damage to fingers and wrists – 1 mark 2
One from:
Caused by continuous use of a keyboard
Caused by repetitive clicking of a mouse button
12(b) Three from: 3

Use an ergonomic keyboard
Use an ergonomic mouse
Use a wrist rest/use a mouse rest
Use voice-activated software
Take regular breaks
Maintain correct posture of arms

PUBLISHED
13 Max seven from: 8
Differences
Optical discs such as CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray discs …
…. are read from and written to using a laser beam
Solid state storage such as pen drives and SSDs …

…. are read from and written to using semiconductor chips
Optical discs have slower access times

Optical discs have slower transfer rates
Optical discs can be more easily scratched
Solid state do not have to get up to speed before they work
Solid state has lower power consumption
Max seven from:
Comparisons
Both store videos, music, files, images, data
Both are portable
Both use direct access
Both can be easily lost/stolen
Both backing storage
14 Six from: 6
Internal storage examples RAM and ROM
Internal storage is chip based
Backing storage can be solid state, optical or magnetic
Backing storage is permanent storage
RAM loses memory when computer is turned off
RAM contains current instruction
ROM contains instructions to boot up the computer
Backing storage has slower access speeds
More storage in backing storage

PUBLISHED
responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1 2
Applications System
Device driver 
Linker 
Photo-editing software 
Spreadsheet 

2(a) Graphical User Interface 1
2(b) Two from: 2

User does not need to learn the commands
User-friendly
Can locate applications more rapidly
3(a) Two from: 2

Local Area Network
A network within a building/site/small geographical area
Network connected by hubs and switches
3(b) Wide Area Network 2

This network spans a large geographical area
4(a) Four from: 4

Fewer errors in the typing the details
Faster process as he will have to check the comments and the data from the
database
Saves time in matching the correct set of comments with the data in the
database
The process is faster than typing out each student’s data
Faster to search for a set of students and mail merge than to locate them
and type in the details
Produces a more professional document
Easier/faster to personalise it

PUBLISHED
4(b) Four from: 4

Click on design view
Select the attendance field
Select the validation rule
Enter/type >=0 and <= 100
Select validation text/error message
Enter appropriate error message/validation text/example i.e. please enter a
value between 0 and 100
4(c) Four from: 4

Click on table and field
Enter normal data and check
Enter abnormal data and check
Enter extreme data and check
If incorrect, make changes to boundaries
If incorrect, make changes to validation text
Save the database
5 Four from: 4
Faster switch on as the operating system does not need to load
Lighter and smaller than a laptop computer therefore more portable
Don’t generate as much heat
Battery life tends to last longer
Smaller footprint
Easier to use the touch screen as the keyboard is not in the way
Less susceptible to viruses
Less parts//no separate peripherals, such as a mouse
Camera is easier to use
6(a) Gender 3
Boolean/text/string/alphanumeric
Membership_type
Text/alphanumeric/string
Year_joined
Numeric/integer/date
Note: each answer must be a different data type.

PUBLISHED
6(b) Two marks for all field names given; one mark for five field names 8
Max six from:

Data fills the screen and it looks like an online form
Use of navigation buttons
Use of drop down lists for Type_of_membership or Year_joined or Gender
Use of text/character boxes
The Name_of_person, Contact_email and Contact_phone_no fields are
larger than the other fields
Use of a calendar for Date_of_birth
Use of submit/help buttons
Appropriate title
6(c) Three from: 3

Bold
Centre/right alignment
Text/word wrap
Merge and centre
Increase/decrease size of columns
Row height increased
6(d) IF(E3=“Y”,VLOOKUP(D3,J$3:K$5,2)*F3,0) 6
Six from:
If the member is attending/if E3 is equal to Y
Then locate the type of member using the value in D3 ...
... in the range J3 to K5
Return the corresponding value from the second column
Multiply the returned value by F3/the number attending
Otherwise display 0 in the cell
6(e) Three from: 3

Highlight A3 to H6/column A to column H/A2 to H6
Click Sort
Deselect/unselect/uncheck top row is headings if A3 to H6
used//select/check top row is heading if A2 to H6 used
Click on sort by Column D//Click on sort by Type of member
Sort A to Z/ascending

PUBLISHED
7(a) Max five from: examples 6
Advantages
Facial recognition is unique therefore the correct person is identified
Tickets can be lost/stolen whereas your face is always with you
The commuter is charged for the ticket therefore more secure
Faster throughput/faster to check the commuters
Fear of detection reduces fraud
Max five from: examples
Disadvantages
Personal liberty infringement as facial data must be stored.
Equipment and setup is more expensive than manual system.
The time taken to set up a store of facial patterns can be more time
consuming
A database is needed as many passengers need to be stored
Passengers will have to have data stored on the system; this could take a
long time to set up
If the face is injured/damaged/covered/beard it could be more difficult to
read the data
7(b) 4
biometrics contactless physical
RFID 
Magnetic stripe 
Retina scan 
Voice recognition 

PUBLISHED
8 4
Cultural Ethical Moral
A student has changed the contents

of a company website without 
permission
Writing computer games that make


fun of a country’s religion
Using pictures in a document without


acknowledging copyright
Passing information to a rival


company
9 Similarities 6
They are both used to store data
They are both mass storage
Both can be secured by passwords
Differences
Internal backing storage – physical storage in the computer
Internal backing storage – the user has control of the storage
Cloud – automatic backup takes place
Cloud – only pay for what you use
Internal backing storage – only initial cost is required
Internal backing storage – difficult to expand the storage
Cloud – can be used on different devices
Cloud – needs access to the internet to be used
Cloud – due to duplicate copies more chance of the data being hacked
Cloud – more chance of it being hacked as it is on all the time
Max five marks if only differences have been given in the answer

PUBLISHED
10(a) Four from: 4

People no longer have to do manual tasks therefore more time to do other
things
To go out of the house when food is being cooked/washing is being done
Can control the devices remotely
Greater sense of security with automated burglar alarms
Use of smart fridges can lead to a healthy diet
More time with the family
Can do leisure activities when it is convenient
Can do their shopping convenient to them
Can set timers for washing/cooking
10(b) Six from: 6

Microprocessor constantly checks …
... current time against the start time
If the current time is less than the set time nothing happens
If they are the same the microprocessor sends a signal …
... to the actuator to turn the heater on
The microprocessor calculates the end time by adding 2 hours to the start
time
The microprocessor checks the current time against the end time
When they are equal the microprocessor sends a signal to the actuator to
turn the heater off

PUBLISHED
11 Two matched from: 8
Direct changeover – 1 mark

New system replaces existing system immediately/overnight – 1 mark
Disadvantage:
The old system no longer exists therefore all data could be lost – 1 mark
Advantage:
One from:
The benefits are immediate
Costs are reduced as only one set of staff are needed
Less change of error as the new system will be fully tested
Phased implementation – 1 mark

New system is implemented part by part – 1 mark
Advantage:
If the current part fails then not all the system is lost – 1 mark
Disadvantage:
One from:
More expensive as each part needs to be evaluated before moving on
More time consuming as each part needs to be evaluated before moving on
Pilot running – 1 mark

Whole system is implemented in one branch/one office at a time – 1 mark
Disadvantage:
More time consuming as the changeover is spread out – 1 mark
Advantage:
One from:
If the system crashes/fails then only branch/office is affected
Cheaper as training is carried branch by branch
Less time consuming as training is carried out branch by branch
12 Six from: 6
Check the credentials of the authors of a website
Cross check the data with other websites
Check if the site has excessive advertising
Check If the advertising is related only to its own products
Check the final part of a URL …
... .ac., .gov, .org government/academic sites are usually fairly reliable
Check if site is endorsed by reliable/reputable people/organisations it can be
accepted as being reliable/If it has links to other reliable sites
Check the site for grammatical/spelling mistakes
Compare information from different text books to see if the results are
similar
Check if it has been recommended by teachers

PUBLISHED
13 Max seven from: 8
Advantages
Intranet is policed/controlled by the school
More secure as it needs a password
Intranet private network only contains information that is relevant
Intranet resides behind a firewall therefore data is more secure
Messages can target the correct students
Better bandwidth on the intranet
Access from external people are barred
Max seven from:
Disadvantages
More expensive to set up
More time consuming to set up
More time spent on administration i.e. passwords
May only be viewed within the school
More expensive to maintain
More time consuming to maintain
Will not be able to access school files at home for homework
School would need to provide more computers across the school for
students to use to access via the intranet

PUBLISHED 2020
Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2020
1(a) LCD monitor 2

Laser printer
1(b) DVD RAM drive 2

Blu-ray disc drive
2 4
Control Main
ALU Unit memory
() () ()
This is the immediate access storage 
This carries out the calculations 
This carries out logical decisions 
This directs the input and output flow in


the CPU
3(a) A bridge 4
A modem
A switch
A network interface card
They are in this order

All answers must be different
3(b) Routing table 1
3(c) Five from: 5

Data is sent in data packets//uses data packets
Each data packet contains an IP address of the next router
The router reads/checks/inspects the IP address
It checks the IP address against its routing table
Data packet is sent to the router with the IP address
The router uses the IP address to work out the best route/destination
computer
The router stores the IP addresses

PUBLISHED 2020
4(a) Two from: 2

Document/page title
Meta data
Character set
Styles
Scripts
Default target window/frame
4(b) Two from: 2

Defines the document’s body
Contains all the elements of an HTML page
Contains the content
Contains style instructions
4(c) Two from: 2

A class definition name starts with a full stop
A class is used for adding or changing a style within CSS
Classes are subtypes within an element
There are a limited number of styles
Styles are pre-defined classes are user-defined
Styles are defined in the head section
Styles are used once but classes are styles saved for future use
5(a) Six from: 6

Positives
The fields are fully visible on the screen
The fields are clearly labelled
Ample/suitable space to enter the data
Screen looks clear to read
Text is clear to read
Suitable space between fields
Negatives
No indication of what to do for the seat position/how to select the correct
option
There is too much space to enter the data
No drop down/combo box lists for number of adults/children
No navigation/submit/help buttons
No radio button for position of seat
No explanation on how to fill in details
The form does not fill the screen
Text is too small
To gain full marks there needs to be at least one positive and at least one
negative

PUBLISHED 2020

Adult or Child shown/type of ticket
Name of the performance
Time of the performance
Date of the performance
Seat position
Title of the venue
Seat number
Ticket number shown
Person’s name
Uses a bar code/QR code/RFID – 1 mark

Looks like a ticket with enough elements – 1 mark
6(a) Three from: 3

This is the scrambling of data
Makes the data not understandable/meaningless
This system uses an encryption key to encrypt the data
This system uses an encryption/decryption key to decrypt the data
6(b) Question Removed 6
7(a) 3
Field name Data Validation check
ISBN 9781471837951 Check digit/length check
Name_of_book A View of the Castle Presence check
Purchase_price $16.99 Range check
Year_published 2018 Type check/length check
Date_acquired 31/01/2019 Format/picture check

PUBLISHED 2020
Any number in the range 1–100

This is normal data and should work//data that is within the acceptable range
Any number outside the range or a word/character/symbol

This would check the range check boundaries/trap incorrect data
types/abnormal data//data that is outside the acceptable range
1
This would check the lower boundary of the range check/extreme data//on the
edge of acceptable range
100
This would check the upper boundary of the range check/extreme data//on
the edge of acceptable range
8 Six from: 6
Microprocessor reads the data
The data from the proximity sensor is compared to the pre-set value
The pre-set value is set to show the minimum distance from the vehicle in
front
If the values are the same nothing happens
If the values are different …
… the microprocessor sends a signal …
… to the actuator
Actuator speeds up the vehicle/slows down the vehicle/applies the brakes
The process is continuous

PUBLISHED 2020
9 Eight from at least two methods: 8

Portable devices and cloud
Storing the data on a portable hard/SSD/Pen drive/cloud means that the
device is with you at all times and not with the laptop computer
No data is stored on the laptop computer if a portable SSD/HDD/pen
drive/cloud is used so if the laptop computer is stolen nothing is lost
If the pendrive is lost then all your data is lost
The access to the cloud can be password protected
If the laptop gets stolen the data will be safe on the cloud
Passwords and encryption

The data on the computer can be encrypted to increase security
Data can use strong passwords making it more secure
Passwords to the data can be forgotten and lost especially if the laptop
password needs to be remembered
Security methods prevent users who do not know password from gaining
access
Passwords could be difficult to remember which could lock the device
Physical security
Use of a dongle to log onto the laptop ensures that only the person with the
device gains access
Devices like pendrives/dongles tend to be small and can easily be lost/stolen
If the dongle is stolen/lost then access to the laptop is difficult
Security software may malfunction rendering the laptop impossible to access
Biometrics
Biometrics can be used to access the laptop/data this means that the user
needs to be present
Difficult to fake/replicate biometrics
Biometric data cannot be reset once compromised
Biometrics are unique therefore it is an added security method
10(a) Magnitude>=6.5 AND Depth(km)<15 5
Magnitude – 1 mark
>=6.5 – 1 mark
AND – 1 mark
Depth(km) – 1 mark
<15 – 1 mark
10(b) Japan 1

PUBLISHED 2020
10(c)(i) COUNTIF(A$3:A$19,F3) 4
Three from:
The formula counts the number of times
Vanuatu/contents/value of F3
Appears in the country list/A3 to A19
The $ allows the range to remain static if replicated/search in the same range
if replicated – 1 mark
10(c)(ii) Max four from: 6

Highlight F3 to G10
Click Insert Chart
Click Bar chart//column graph
Select layout/type of bar chart
Add title to the chart
Add axes
Add a legend
Save the chart
Three from, for example:

Title – Earthquakes in 2019
X/horizontal axis label – Countries
Y axis label/vertical – Number of earthquakes
11 6
Item Technical User
documentation documentation Both
() () ()
Purpose of the system 
How to save a file 
System flowchart 
Software requirements 
List of variables 
Input format 

PUBLISHED 2020
12(a) Three from: 3

Controller wand/joystick/control buttons/microphone
Tracking/force balls//trackpads//trackers
Treadmill/motion platforms
Pressure mats
Data gloves/bodysuits
Head mounted display/head mounted device/projector
Headset/head mounted device/ear mounted device
Goggles/VR eyeglasses
Steering/gaming wheels/consoles
Pedals/Paddles
Cameras
Motion sensors
12(b) Three from: 3

Eye problems/strain
Neck pain/back pain
Headaches
Balance problems/motion sickness
Tiredness
Injuries caused by being too involved in the VR system
12(c) Four from: 4

A small font size
A formal font type
Formal content
Pastel shade colours to make it easier to read
Use of both upper and lower case characters to make it easier to read
Use of technical/appropriate language
Fewer images and more text
Don’t use too much colour
Use suitable/appropriate images
Use plain and simple backgrounds

PUBLISHED 2020
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2020
1(a) SSD 2
Memory stick
1(b) Bar code reader 2

Optical Character Reader
2 4
behaviour content presentation
() () ()
This is used to display and 

format elements within the
web page
This layer includes the 

hyperlinks to navigate
around the website
This layer is used to enter 

scripting language to
elements within a web page
This layer is used to create 

the structure of a web page
3(a) ROM/Read Only Memory 1
3(b) 3D printer 1
3(c) Sensor 1
4(a) One mark per correct answer in correct order: 4

Analogue
Analogue to Digital Convertor
Pre-set value
Motor/Actuator
4(b) Numeric keypad 2

Moisture sensor

PUBLISHED 2020
4(c) Six from: 6
Benefits
Robots can work in sterile/hazardous areas where humans would need
protective clothing
Robots can work 24/7
More accurate
Cars will be more consistent
Robots do the boring/laborious work
Issues can be found quicker
Higher productivity
Drawbacks
More expensive to buy//more expensive in the short term
Maintenance is more expensive as maintenance staff needed
Requires backup systems, which are expensive
They replace skilled workers, leading to de-skilling
They need constant observation which increases the cost of maintenance
crews
If something goes wrong, it may be difficult to find the error
Workers need to be re-trained which is expensive
To gain full marks there must be at least one benefit and drawback
5(a) Eight from: 8
Similarities
Both are communication systems
Both use internet technologies
Both use HTML to write the web pages
Both are information systems
Both are networks
Differences
An intranet has private access whereas the internet has public access
An intranet is policed whereas the internet anyone can post material
The data on an intranet is moderate whereas /the internet is not moderated
The data access on an intranet is more secure than the internet
Internet has greater amount of information than intranet
Intranet is within an organisation whereas the internet is world-wide
Data in the intranet is more relevant/reliable than information found on the
internet
To gain full marks there must be at least one from each section

PUBLISHED 2020

HTTP/HyperText Transfer Protocol
Transfer data between a webserver and the browser//display/loads
pages//connect to a webpage
HTTPS/ HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure variant

One from:
Transfer data between a webserver and the browser securely//display/loads
secure pages//connect to a secure webpage
Secure variant of HTTP
FTP/File Transfer Protocol

Transfers files between computers/website
VOIP/Voice Over Internet Protocol

Makes phone calls over the internet
SSL/TLS
determines variables of the encryption for both the link and the data being
transmitted
SMTP
Communication protocol for email
SLS
Protocol used on the internet
6(a) B4+(B4*Plan!$B13) 5
Three from:
Calculates the 2021 income in the Model sheet
By increasing the 2020 income by 2.5%
The 2.5% is taken from the Income Growth cell in the Plan sheet
The $ is needed as the column B needs to be retained when the formula is

replicated – 1 mark
The ! is needed to show that the data is being taken from a different
worksheet – 1 mark
6(b) IF(B20>35000,“Y”,“N”) 3
The formula automatically displays a Y/can buy the car

if the Savings cell/B20 is greater than $35 000
otherwise it displays an N/cannot buy the car

PUBLISHED 2020
6(c) Pie chart – 1 mark 7
Five from:
Select Plan sheet
Highlight A5:A10
Press CTRL and highlight D5:D10
Click on insert chart
Select pie chart
Choose style of chart
Add a title
Add data/axes labels
Add legend
Add a name for the new sheet
Right click on the chart and move to a new sheet//copy and paste in the new
sheet – 1 mark
7(a) Six from: 6
Benefits
Gives the opportunity for the member to give more honest answers
The questions can be expanded/modified//added to following previous
questions/answers
Allows more detailed answers to be given rather than questionnaires
Questions can be explained
Can see the body language
Drawbacks
Takes a long time to interview all the members using this method
Both the members and the interviewer have to be free at the same time
This method is expensive as the system’s analysts time is expensive
The member cannot remain anonymous, so they cannot express
themselves properly
The member feels that they give comments that the interviewer wants to
hear
To gain full marks at least one benefit and drawback must be given
7(b) Numeric: Integer 4

Boolean/logical
Date
Numeric: Currency
Must be in this order
7(c) Two from: 2

The field would not be used for calculations
There is a leading zero in the data
Text fields take up less space than numeric fields

PUBLISHED 2020
7(d) Six from: 6

Open/load the word processor
Click on mailings/mail merge
Load/create the membership card template/master document
Tags/field/place holders are placed in the membership card
Select/locate the data/recipient list in the new system//load data source
Link the new system to the membership card template
The membership card is merged with the new system
The data from the fields are imported into the membership card
The data replaces the tags/field/place holders
Preview results
Check spelling/proof read
The membership cards are saved/printed/sent
8(a) Four from: 4

Costs are reduced as less staff have to be employed in the store
Less physical shops are required therefore the costs of running the stores
are reduced
The customer base is increased as the internet is global
There are increased costs due to employing more drivers/staff in the
packing departments
Increased costs in setting up and maintaining the online shopping website
Reduction in customer loyalty as customers tend to shop around
Change in jobs from instore to delivery drivers//increase in delivery
drivers/staff have to be re-trained
Increased costs as employees have to be trained on new technology
8(b) Five from: 5

Use up to date anti-spyware/anti-virus to stop phishing and pharming
attacks
Using websites that encrypt data when sent/green padlock/use HTTPS/SSL
Ensuring that strong passwords are used
Passwords used for the online shopping account should be different to other
passwords you use
Check all transactions carried out with the store/receipts
Type in the web address of the supermarket rather than copy and
paste/click on links from an email
Do not buy from untrusted websites/apps
Ensure that the wireless password to the router is strong
Report any phishing attempts
Disable cookies/delete cookies frequently

PUBLISHED 2020
8(c) 4
pharming phishing smishing
() () ()
Fake emails are sent to target users 
When the user types in a URL they 

are directed to a fake website
Malicious code is installed on the 

user’s computer
Fake text messages are sent to the 

user’s phone
9 Four from: 4
Making a copy and giving it away to a friend or colleague/streaming without
permission
Making a copy and lending it without permission
Making a copy and selling it without permission
Using a single copy with multiple simultaneous use on a network
Using coding from the original copy in your own programs/modifying the
original code
Renting out the original copy without permission
10(a) Two from: 2

Link from an image or word
Link containing a URL//URL code
When clicked on it takes you to a web page or position in a webpage
10(b) Two from: 2

Internet Service Provider
A company that provides users with access to the internet/internet services
Usually broadband
11(a) Three from: 3

Use a flat screen monitor to reduce the eye strain
Use matt finish/anti-glare screens to stop glare
Use screens that can be tilted to reduce neck pain
Use screens that have height adjustment
Turn the monitor 90 degrees to a window to reduce glare
Use LCD monitors to reduce screen flicker
Use screen filters//lower the brightness
Do not sit too close to the screen
Use LED to reduce eye strain

PUBLISHED 2020
11(b) Two from: 2

Use wrist/hand rests to reduce RSI
Use ergonomic keyboards to reduce RSI
Use voice activated software to reduce the use of the keyboard
Ensure correct posture when typing on the keyboard
Take breaks/use stretching exercises
12 Four from: 4
With a CLI Instructions must be typed to get a computer to carry out an
action
The user needs to remember/learn/understand the commands in a CLI
The instructions need to be entered correctly in CLI
With a CLI you have to remember the exact path and name of application
With a CLI it is more important that users understand how a computer works
In the GUI the instructions are pre-determined
GUI is more user-friendly
GUI uses more processing power
GUI uses more memory

PUBLISHED 2020
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2020
1(a) 2
applications system
() ()
Measurement software 
Linker 
Database 
Utility software 
4 correct ticks = 2 marks

2 or 3 correct ticks = 1 mark
1 correct tick = 0 marks
1(b) Two from: 2

Processor
Motherboard
Random access memory (RAM)
Read only memory (ROM)
Video card
Sound card
Graphics card
2 6
Item Technical User Both
documentation documentation ()
() ()
Algorithms 
File structures 
Error messages 
Limitations of the system 
Hardware requirements 
Glossary of terms 

PUBLISHED 2020
3(a) Gutter margin 1
3(b) Header 1
3(c) Widow 1
3(d) Fully justified 1
3(e) Text/word wrap 1
4 Two from: 2
csv – comma-separated values
txt – text
rtf – rich text format
5(a) Three from: 3

Created using HTML
Every aspect of the site’s content/information/data should be represented in
this layer
Can consist of text/images/hyperlinks/multimedia
Layer used to create the structure of the web page
5(b) Three from: 3

Usually includes media queries
Media queries changes the site’s display based on screen size and device
This is used to display and format elements within the web page/format of
the web page/customise
This layer is defined by CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)
Contain styles that indicate how the document should be displayed in a web
browser

PUBLISHED 2020
6(a) Six from: 6

Benefits
Faster to complete all questionnaires than using interviews
Individuals can remain anonymous therefore they are more truthful
More people can answer the questionnaire than can be interviewed
They can fill it in in their own time therefore quicker to complete overall
Drawbacks
Users tend to exaggerate their responses as they are anonymous
As it’s anonymous people may not take it seriously
To gain full marks at least one benefit/drawback must be given
6(b) Visual verification 2

Double data entry
6(c) Four from: 4

Data may be out of range but verification does not pick it up
Data may be in the wrong format but verification does not pick it up
Data may be missing from a field but verification does not pick it up
Data may be of the wrong length but verification does not pick it up
Validation checks that the data is sensible which verification does not
Verification only checks that the data has been transferred correctly
Verification only checks that the data matches the original source document
Together they reduce the number of errors in the data
7(a) Two from: 2

Keypad
Temperature sensor
Override switch for timing
Touch screen
Remote control//smartphone//tablet
7(b) Six from: 6

Microprocessor reads/receives the data
The required temperature/preset value is keyed in using the devices
The microprocessor compares the data with the preset value
If the temperature is greater than or equal to the preset value then …
… a signal is sent to the actuator …
… actuator turns off the heaters
If the temperature is lower than the preset value …
… then a signal is sent to the actuator to turn on the heaters
Process is continuous

PUBLISHED 2020
8(a) =INT(G3/60) 2
Two from:
Gives the integer part of the calculation
Works out the minutes
The calculation is G3 divided by 60//Total time divided by 60
8(b) =ROUND(I3,1) 2
Two from:
Rounds the value of I3//total time to 1 decimal place
If the 2nd decimal place figure is 5 or more it rounds up
If the 2nd decimal place figure is below 5 it rounds down//stays the same
8(c) For the sort 6

Max four from:
Highlight A3 to G9
Select Sort
Sort on Column I/Total Time
Smallest to largest//ascending order
For the display

Max four from:
Highlight columns A and B
Click Insert column to the left
Enter the titles
Enter the Rank/Medal data
8(d) Six from: 6

Advantages
More accurate
Less expensive to run
Data is more consistent
More than one variable can be measured at a time/split times
Results can be produced faster
Disadvantages
More expensive to purchase equipment/software
Maintenance can be more expensive
If the system fails/power outages could cause the computer to lose
data/sensor fails
To gain full marks at least one advantage and disadvantage is needed

PUBLISHED 2020
9(a) Five from: 5

The document/attachment loads directly into the computer’s memory
therefore better security
The computer need not be switched on
The computer receives a soft copy
The fax does one thing at once therefore could be engaged
The document in an email is in digital format
Easier to send to multiple recipients
People are more likely to have email rather than fax
Print quality is better with email
More accessible as it is can be sent/received by many devices
The process of faxing is slower as the document needs to be scanned
before sending
With fax the paper could get damaged during scanning/printing
Videos and audio can be sent by email
9(b) Four from: 4

The system must have installed anti-virus software
The anti-virus software must be up to date/updated regularly//download anti-
virus
The email/attachment is scanned by the anti-virus software
The email is not opened/attachment downloaded until any virus is removed
by the anti-virus software
9(c) Three from: 3

Hard disk could be filled up
The computer is performing routine tasks a lot more slowly
Pop-ups keep appearing on the screen at random.
Random reboots
Software errors/software/computer doesn’t work properly
Recycle bin/files not working
Computer hanging
Anti-virus stops working
System lock-up
Files are being deleted
10(a) The worker completes the normal working hours per week 3
But works fewer days
For example: a 40 hour week compressed into 4 days not 5
10(b) Workers complete the same amount of hours over a working week 3
Workers can choose when to start and end in agreement with the manager
For example: Workers start at 9:30 rather than 9am to miss school run/miss
rush hour
Explanation of flexible schedule

PUBLISHED 2020
11(a) Two from: 5

The skeleton is scanned
A digital copy is made of the skeleton
Copy is saved
The data is sent via the internet to China
Three from:
Data is loaded into the software to prepare it for printing
Software slices the model into hundreds of layers
3D printer creates the model layer by layer
Binds them together
11(b) Four from: 4

Products can be customised easily on request
Speed of producing the product is faster than making it by hand
Cheaper than making it by hand due to labour costs
Parts of equipment that are no longer made can be printed without having to
manufacture them
Many copies of the original can be made
Saves the original from damage in transit
Create a fragile object from more robust materials
12 Eight from: 8
Examples for advantages
The taxi can be controlled safely by the computer
Navigation systems find the quickest/safest route
Data is constantly being updated in the vehicle therefore reacts quicker to
changes
Traffic efficiency improved
Fuel efficiency is improved as the vehicle finds the best way of getting from
A to B
Roads will be safer as the vehicle can react faster to situations
Decreases the amount of accidents on the road
Examples for disadvantages

Security problem of others gaining access to the vehicle …
… and can control its operation example: slam on the brakes
More expensive to set up wireless technology than manual systems
If the wireless technology malfunctions the taxi will not be able to drive
The driver must remain alert in case of problems
Problem of disconnection stopping the vehicle …
… if the wireless signal stops then the vehicle will not operate
Requires a large number of new receiving stations and this is more
expensive
Interference/weather can affect the signal and can stop the vehicle
If the system fails this can cause accidents
Higher cost of maintenance
To gain full marks at least one of each section are required

PUBLISHED 2020
13 Matched pairs 6
Do not be abusive//be polite
Do not threaten people with violence/Do not use abusive words/Do not
cyber bully other students or incite bullying
As this will be upsetting for others
Check spelling and grammar

This sets a good impression
The points made are public

Be careful what is written as comments can be read by other people
Respect people’s privacy

Do not discuss or publish information that might embarrass
Do not use capital letters

As this is conveyed as shouting
Don’t send pornography

As it can be upsetting
Maintain your privacy

Do not send personal details
Check the email address carefully/check the names on the send list
So that emails are not sent to strangers

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responses seen).

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1 2
internal external
Mouse ✓
Video card ✓
Printer ✓
Actuator ✓

2 Three from: 3
Ergonomic keyboard
Ergonomic mouse
Microphone
Wrist rest
3(a) Four from: 4

Bold on date
Superscript on the date
Left aligned on date
Fully justified
Text/word wrap
Highlighted text
Italics

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3(b) Six from: 6

Plug in/Bluetooth the digital camera to the computer//Plug in the SD
card/memory card
Select the image to be uploaded
Upload the image to the computer
Save the image on the computer
Load/open the word processing software

Load the diary entry file
Place the cursor where you want the image to be
Click insert…image
Choose/find/browse the image from the folder
Insert the image in the text
Reformat/resize/crop the image

Reposition/place the image
Click word wrap/text wrap
Save the document
3(c) Two from: 2

Internet
Scanned images
Images stored on: Smartphone/Mobile phone/PC/Tablet/SD
card/Smartwatch
Clipart libraries
Screenshot
3(d) 4
jpg png gif
This file type stores still or moving images ✓
This file type uses lossy compression ✓
This file type is used for storing photographs

✓
on a digital camera
This file type is limited to 256 colours ✓
3(e) Max two from: 4

It is an area of a document on every page
At the top of a page
The area is between the top of the page and the top of the margin
Max two from:

To show consistency on each page
To ensure that each page has the same data in the header
Saves time for the author typing out the data on each page

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4(a) Six from: 6

Different size/style of font for the title/features in the table
Clear font colour for the title/text in the table
Clear fonts for the title/text in the table
Use of bold to highlight keywords
Use of italics to highlight keywords
Poster fills the page
Data is shown in the comparison table/chart
More text than images
Contrasting colours for font and background colour
Use of white space
Use of borders to make the text stand out
4(b) Four from: 4

The data is sent to/read by the microprocessor
The data is stored by the tracker
Convert the raw data into blood pressure data
Compare the data with pre-set values
If out of range send data to an alert system
The data is sent to the screen
5(a) Two from: 2

Internet etiquette
Set of social conventions
They show common courtesy when communicating online
5(b) Four from: 4

Do not use capital letters as it relates to shouting
Do not use abusive/vulgar language/threatening behaviour
Be clear in the text sent
Always check spelling and grammar
Remember that sarcasm does not communicate well
Respect other’s privacy
Respect other people’s views
Do not use too many emoticons
Do not use text language/slang
Do not spam
Do not send inappropriate links
6(a) RFID reader 1
6(b) OCR 1
6(c) a bar code reader 1

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7(a) Six from: 6

Benefits
Fast throughput of pupils at the tills
Fast transaction as only the card is presented
If the card is stolen it can be blocked
One card is less bulky than money
Using the card is more secure because the money can only be used in the
canteen
Drawbacks
Tendency to spend more as it is a card
Difficult to keep track of your spending as no physical money
If the card is damaged/lost the pupil cannot buy food/lose all their money
Card needs topping up regularly
Cards will need to be purchased by the pupils and can be expensive
Parents can see what the pupils buy
If there is an issue with the machine not easy to see mistakes
Easier to misplace than cash/coins
Parents can limit how much is spent on food
Pupils can only spend the money in the canteen and on food
To gain full marks there must be at least one benefit and at least one
drawback
7(b) Six from: 6

The cost of the meal is totalled
The reader reads the details from the card
The amount of money on the card is checked
The total is compared to the amount of money on the card
If it is greater the transaction is rejected
If it is less than or equal to then the transaction is accepted
Checked whether card it is correct type/stolen/blocked
The cost is deducted from the amount on the card
The amount/total balance on the card is updated following the transaction
The amount is credited to the school system
The details of the receipt are prepared//The receipt is produced//Rejection
slip is produced//Message is prepared
8(a) One from: 3

Highlight cells A4 to B10
Click anywhere in the range
Highlight A4 to A10 and click expand the selection
Highlight B4 to B10 and click expand the selection
Two from:
Click on the down arrow//Click on Custom Sort
Select column B
Select smallest to largest/A  Z

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8(b) Three from: 3

Totals cells B5 to B9
Multiplies by cell D1/difficulty/3.4
Rounds the value to 1 decimal place
8(c) Matched pairs 4

Abnormal – data that is outside the range//Unacceptable data//Data of the
wrong type
Example: greater than 10, negative numbers, letters, symbols
Extreme – data that is on the boundary of acceptability

Example: 10
9(a) Six from: 6

OMR sheets are scanned in using an optical mark reader//Reader reads the
lozenge
Data is sent to the computer
A template of the register is loaded into the computer
A value is assigned to each lozenge
A light passes through the scanner and shows position of each filled in
lozenge//Comparing dark spots with lighter areas//Use X Y coordinates
The position is compared to the template/pre-determined data
If the lozenge shaded is [P] then the pupil is recorded as present
If the lozenge shaded is [A] then the pupil is recorded as absent
If both lozenges [A] and [P] are shaded then the pupil is recorded as late.
If no lozenge on a line is shaded the result is discarded

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9(b) Eight from: 8

Advantages
Faces are unique therefore greater security
Data entry is faster as it does not need to be sent to the office for entry
Data entry is more accurate the teacher could enter the wrong data on OMR
sheet
Greater security as the pupil needs to be present to register
More difficult to fake biometrics
OMR data sheets can be forgotten or lost
Disadvantages
Facial injuries/facial hair/glasses/masks can affect the data entry
The cost of setting up a new system is higher as extra hardware and
software needs to be purchased//Setting up the system is more expensive
Time consuming to set up all the pupils
The data will need to be updated regularly due to facial changes as pupils
get older
Higher error rate
System is more complex therefore may cost more to maintain//Maintaining
the system is more expensive
The environment and usage may affect the reader
Biometric systems are not 100% accurate
Less flexibility as the OMR sheets can be used anywhere in the school
Biometric data harder be reset if incorrect/if change needed
Greater invasion of privacy as biometric data has to be stored on the
computer
To gain full marks there must be at least one advantage and one
disadvantage
9(c) Two from: 2

Name
Address
Gender
Date of birth
Personal contact details, such as Email address and phone number
ID card/roll number
Race//Ethnic origin

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10(a) Two from: 4

Data is stored on offsite servers
Many servers in many locations
Data is stored on more than one server
Uses data redundancy
Cloud is an online service/data storage
Two from:
The cloud has greater storage capacity than other methods
The data could be sent directly to the cloud from any device
Access the data from any device/anywhere
Easier to add storage capacity
Lower capital outlay
The owner would only pay for the storage they used
Backup up tends to be automatic
Cloud is more robust
Cloud is more secure as it is password protected
10(b) 4
optical magnetic solid state
Flash drive ✓
Hard disk drive ✓
Blu-ray disc drive ✓
SSD ✓

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11 Max two examples, for each example: 4

1 mark for a correct field names and data examples
1 mark for the reason
Matched pairs
Type of book
Can use length/lookup check as only one letter is input for example E or H
Cannot use a type check as only one letter used
ISBN
Can use check digit as a way of checking that digits are not transposed
Cannot use a length check as they are different lengths
Date of purchase
Can use a format check as all dates are the same format.
Number of copies
Can use a range/limit check as the lowest number is 1
Can use a type check as only numbers are accepted
Name of book/Name of Book

Cannot use a length check as names can be any length
Cannot use a type check as any character can be used
Name of author
Cannot use a length check as names can be any length

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12 Six from: 6
Benefits
Monitors traffic into and out of the network to make sure that all data
passing is safe.
Checks whether the data passing through it meets a given set of rules…
…if they do not then the data is blocked
Can block the unwanted traffic in and out of the network
It can log all incoming and outgoing traffic to check later
Can block certain undesirable websites/IP addresses
Keeps a list of desirable IP addresses/websites
It can block IP addresses to stop hackers
Drawbacks
It cannot stop individuals on internal networks by-passing the firewall
It cannot stop employees hacking the computer from within the system
Users own devices can by-pass the firewall therefore meaning the
computer/network is in danger
It cannot stop hackers only devices that hackers are using
To gain full marks on the question at least one benefit and drawback
are needed

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responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1 2
yes no
Full name 
Capital of England 
Gender 
Number of flowers in a garden 

2 Microphone 2
Touch screen
3 Four from: 4
Screens tend to be anti-glare
Uses touch screen
Front and back facing cameras are included
Has a built in battery
Lightweight
Uses Bluetooth/WiFi/3G/4G/5G
Uses solid state memory
Uses an onscreen keyboard
Portable
Small footprint

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4(a) Six from: 6

Customer is asked to enter their debit card in the ATM
Customer’s bank computer is contacted
The card details are searched in the bank database
Card is checked to see if valid/in date/stolen

Customer is asked to enter their PIN
PIN is compared to the PIN stored on the chip
Customer is asked to deposit cheque

The system checks whether the cheque is valid
The cheque is scanned/read by the ATM
Amount is scanned
Bank account is checked for sufficient funds
The image of the scan is saved
The customer is asked to select the account to deposit money

Money is deducted from the bank of the cheque
Money is added to the account of the payee
A receipt is sent to the printer at the ATM
4(b) Six from: 6

Advantages
Retention of banks therefore all customers could use them
Easier for customers to speak to a member of the banking staff
Customers do not have to purchase expensive computer equipment
Safer than carrying out transactions over the internet
Can withdraw cash
Do not need the internet
Disadvantages
Have to pay to travel to the bank to use the service
Customers could waste time standing in queues/travelling to the bank
More difficult for people who have a condition which affects their mobility
Smaller customer base as it is local
Potential for physical robberies
Cannot keep track of the accounts as easily
Not 24/7
To gain full marks there needs to be advantages and disadvantages
5(a) 6 rows 1
5(b) 8 columns 1

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5(c) Five from: 5

If Tax is payable then//If F4 is equal to "Y" then
If true the tax is paid
Multiply the rate of tax/I1 …
… by the selling price/D4
… by the amount sold/G4
If Tax is not payable//If F4 <>"Y"//Else//Otherwise …
… then display a blank
… the tax is not paid
5(d) Two from: 2

Highlight/select cell H4
Select format cells
Select currency/accounting
Select dollar/USD icon
6(a) Two from: 2

File transfer protocol
Network protocol
Used for transferring files from one computer to another
6(b) Four from: 4

Download the FTP client program
Connect to the FTP server ...
... using the FTP client program
Login to the server ...
... using FTP username and password
Locate the files on your computer
Click upload button on FTP client program
Upload the files to the folder/web hosting space
6(c) Matched pairs – 1 mark for the feature and 1 mark for the method 6
Hyperlinks
Click each hyperlink to see that it takes the user to the correct web page/part
of the web page/website
Form buttons/icons
Click to see that they carry out the correct task
Text
Use spellchecker/grammar checker/proofread text to check it makes sense
Images
Check the images are not pixelated/correct size/correct image
Videos
Check the videos run correctly/correct video
Sound
Check the sound file runs correctly/correct sound file linked

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7(a) Three from: 3

Contains more than one table
Tables are linked
It uses relationships
Removes redundancy of data
Saves storage space
7(b) Four from: 4

Primary key holds unique data
Primary key identifies the record
Primary key can be automatically indexed
Each table has one primary key whereas a table can contain a number of
foreign keys
Foreign key is used to link with the primary key of another table
7(c) Four from: 4

Searches/queries can be used to search details of patients
Reports can be created about treatment carried out
Formulas can be created to calculate the cost of treatment
Charts can be created showing missed appointments by patients
Images are stored of the x-rays to identify the patient/determine treatment
Mail merge appointments that have been missed
Any other appropriate use plus explanation
7(d) Eight from: 8
Factors increasing effectiveness

Strong passwords are difficult to crack
Biometric passwords are harder to crack
Regularly changing passwords increases security
Use of two-factor authentication
Using different passwords for parts of the computer system makes it more
difficult to gain access to the full system
Firewall required to stop attacks from computers
Firewall stops fraudulent sites attacking the computer
Anti-spyware stops passwords being seen when typed in
Factors reducing effectiveness

Too complex a password can be easily forgotten
Passworded files may not be backed up
Using a number of different passwords can become cumbersome
Regularly changing passwords means that passwords may be forgotten
May be difficult to choose unique password if it is changed every few weeks
Passwords may become more easy to guess if regularly changed
Hackers can breach most passwords
The firewall can affect the operation of the computer and stop some uploads
The firewall may need to be shut down at times to upload files therefore
making computer unsafe
Some legitimate software can be blocked by the firewall
To gain full marks both sides of the discussion are needed

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8 Six from: 6
Comparison
Both are network devices
Both are hardware devices
Both have computers and devices connected to them
Both send data to devices//Both are communication devices
Contrast
In a hub data packets/data are broadcast to every device connected to it
A hub is less secure than a switch in distributing data
Switch checks the data packet
Switch sends to an appropriate device
To gain full marks both contrast and comparison is needed
9(a) Part time 1
9(b) Compressed hours 1
9(c) Job sharing 1
9(d) Flexible hours 1
10 4
Direct Parallel Pilot
All of the benefits are immediate. 
If the new system fails the whole of the 

old system is still operational.
This is the cheapest implementation 

method.
The system is implemented in one 

branch of the company.

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11(a) Gaining unauthorised access to a computer system – 1 mark 3
Two from:
Examples
Can lead to the identity theft of data
Can lead to the misuse of/access to personal data
Data can be deleted
Data can be changed
Data can be corrupted
Place malicious files/software
11(b) Three from: 3

Use of firewalls to block unauthorised computer systems
Use of passwords
Use of intrusion detection software/anti-spyware
Use two-factor authentication
Switch off WiFi/computer when not in use
12 A - Resize the image maintaining aspect ratio 4

B - Rotate the image 90 degrees anti clockwise/counter clockwise//270
degrees clockwise
C - Reflect the image in the Y axis
D - Brightness adjusted
13(a) Two from: 2

Uses up less memory in the computer
Quicker to enter the data
Quicker to search for data
13(b) Two from: 2

If the data is typed in incorrectly then the booking may be rejected
If an incorrect airport code is used they may fly to the wrong airport//May miss
the flight
If the customer reference number is typed in incorrectly then the booking may
be assigned to the wrong person
If the number of passengers is incorrectly entered then number of seats will
be wrong/overbooked
So that the wrong booking is not made

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13(c) Six from: 6

Display flights available
Booking database is searched for the customer reference number
Matching record is retrieved
Details of the customer are displayed on the screen
Booking database is searched for matching departure airport
Booking database is searched for matching destination airport
If flight correct, date/time found
Search if seats/tickets/flight available
If unavailable error message output
Outputs the price
If seats available, flags seat as booked
If not booked then flag removed
Reduces number of seats/tickets available by number booked
E-ticket/ticket details are output
E-ticket/ticket details sent to customer
Receipt is printed//Verification email sent
14(a) Measurement is the monitoring/recording of physical variables without the 2

microprocessor taking action
Control is when the microprocessor takes action depending on sensor

readings
14(b) Four from: 4

Microprocessor reads the data
Data/Speed limit is stored in the computer
Divides the distance travelled by time taken between the readings
The speed of the vehicle is then compared to the speed limit of the road
The speed is recorded
It sends the data for later processing
Graphs are automatically produced of the number of cars speeding

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responses seen).

PUBLISHED
1 4
control measurement modelling
Personal

finance
Weather

forecasting
Burglar alarms 
Weather

stations
2(a) Speaker 2
Screen
2(b) Four from, for example: 4

Order goods from the internet
Use it to surf/search the internet
GPS
Telephone/internet banking
Make/receive phone calls
Instant message
Streaming of music
Streaming videos
Text messaging
Taking photos
3 4
Scenario Magnetic RAM ROM
tape
To store the current instructions in


use by a computer
To back up data from a school


network server
To store data temporarily 
To store the start-up instructions of


a computer

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4(a) Hacking 1
4(b) Spyware 1
4(c) Smishing 1
5(a) 4
Number_of_moons Numeric: Integer
Orbital_period Numeric: Decimal
Rings Boolean
Name_of_planet Text
5(b) Type_of_planet<>"Gas Giant" AND Number_of_moons >=1 AND 7

First_observed >1800
Only two ANDs correctly placed – 1 mark
Type_of_planet – 1 mark
<> "Gas Giant" – 1 mark
Number_of _moons – 1 mark

>=1 – 1 mark
First_observed – 1 mark
>1800 – 1 mark
5(c) Pluto 2
Haumea
5(d) It would take the value of A2 – 1 mark 2

Changes the value into an integer/zero decimal places – 1 mark

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6 Eight from: 8
Advantages
Less expensive to fly the aircraft into the storm
Less risk to life as there is no flight crew
It can be flown closer to the storm
Time taken to receive the data is shorter as don’t have to land the aircraft
before sending data
Results are processed immediately
On board computers can analyse the data continuously
Disadvantages
The sensors could malfunction and there is no way of repairing them easily
You can lose the signal due to the electrical charges in the storm
Less responsive
Slower to react
May go out of range
7(a) Three from: 3

The systems analyst is creating a system that is just for the client
Important to meet the needs of the user; so it is customised
Reduces the costs if the new system matches the existing hardware and
software
More efficient system is produced that does what the users require
7(b) 4
Activity Analysis Development Evaluation
and testing
Identifying the problems


with the current system
Comparing the solution

with the original task 
requirements
Create the file structure 
Identify limitations to the

new system and

improvements to be
made

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7(c) Direct changeover – 1 mark 6

Two from:
Benefits are immediate
Costs less as fewer staff are needed
Costs less as only one system is required
Less likelihood of malfunction as system is fully tested
Parallel running – 1 mark

Two from:
If new system fails, old system can be used as a back up
Possible to gradually train staff
Phased changeover – 1 mark

Two from:
If the new system fails, only one part is affected
Easier to ensure that part of the system is fully operational before moving
onto the next part
Possible to train staff in one part of the system, therefore less costly than
parallel
Possible to gradually train staff

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8 Matched pairs from, for example: 6
I always check whether wires are damaged/lose when I plug in my computer

equipment
...This will reduce electrocution
I always check whether sockets are safe/not broken when I plug in

equipment...
...This will reduce electrocution
I only plug in one plug per socket

...This reduces the chance of fire
I make sure all wires are fastened to the wall/placed under carpets/in
ducts//Use wireless...
...This reduces tripping hazards
Check and install circuit breakers...

...This reduces electrocution/fire hazard
Make sure no drinks or food is brought near to computers...

...This reduces electrocution
I make sure computer vents are not covered...

...This reduces the chances of fire
I make sure all IT equipment is safely in the middle of desks//I make sure
strong tables are used to store IT equipment/I don’t store IT equipment on
high shelves...
...To stop them falling on me and causing an injury
9(a) Two from: 2

Send/receiving emails
Send/receive attachments/files
Internal file transfer within the company
Allows the creation of extranets
Surf internal information/webpages
Sharing/use of applications/resources
9(b) Four from, with descriptions: 4

Email
Use of the web
Newsgroups
Online chat
Streaming
Internet telephone
Online conferencing
Gaming
File transfer

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9(c) Benefits 8
Max four:
Can reduce cyber bullying/hate speech/sexual harassment
Can reduce social media from being used for illegal activities
Can reduce the ability to incite violence/trolling
Could prevent people from being subjected to inappropriate messages
Can reduce illegal/inappropriate images
Drawbacks
Freedom of speech is reduced
Would be very difficult to police as there is a massive amount of information
Different rules in different countries and social media crosses borders
Very costly to create an effective deterrent
Could force individuals to use other un-policed methods of communication
Who decides what is acceptable and what is not acceptable
Privacy issues as people checking could read messages
Difficult to police as users can be anonymous
To gain full marks there needs to be benefits and drawbacks
10 Six from: 6
Advantages to employees
Staff are more flexible when they work so they can carry out other activities
Staff are more contented as they can work hours which suit their home life
They can start later/earlier so they avoid rush hour in the morning, so they do
not arrive stressed
They can start earlier/work later to avoid rush hour in evening so cuts travel
time
Compressed hours can lead to longer holidays/weekends therefore staff
more refreshed
Part time working allows people with other commitments to work
Job sharing allows a piece of work to be completed using the skills set of
more than one worker therefore cutting stress
Working from home allows employees to balance their home life
Advantages to the company

Working from home allows the company to employ people from around the
world
Working from home allows the company to save costs by not needing large
offices
Helps employers retain their employees…
…therefore cutting training/recruitment costs
Flexi-time allows company offices to remain open longer
Job sharing reduces training costs
To gain full marks there needs to be advantages to both the employees

and the company

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11 Max four from: 5

Adds a level of security
Verifies the email comes from a known and trusted source
Provides the receiver with a means of reply/private key
Used for initialising secure SSL connections between web browsers and
web servers
Max three from:

Details of the owner of the digital certificate
Serial number
Public key
Digital signature
Subject name
Valid from
Valid to//Expiry date
12(a) Four from: 4

Information overload
Web sites at the top of the list may not be relevant
May be more irrelevant information
Search engines may not include all web pages
If a website loads faster, it is given priority
Search engine company may be paid to display certain web pages
12(b) Six from: 6

Check the author of the website as anybody can publish their understanding
of a topic
Check if the website has excessive advertising
Check the content/advertising of its own products of a website to see if it
biased
Check the final part of the domain name of the URL
Example .ac, .gov, .org
Check if site is endorsed by reliable/reputable people/organisations
Check if it has links to other reliable sites
Check if it has testimonials/reviews
Check if the author’s credentials are good
Check if information is comparable to other information from reliable
authenticated experts
Check if the date of the last update was a long time ago
Check if website has excessive spelling and grammar mistakes
Can compare information from other sites to see if it is reliable
12(c) Two from: 2

Select the position for the table
Click on Insert then table
Select/type in 2 columns and 5 rows
Type in the data

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12(d) Max three from: 4

Highlight Scientific name row
Right click select insert
Click Insert new row below
Or
Highlight Pouched row

Right click select insert
Click Insert new row above
Max three from

Click on right hand cell in the row
Click insert…pictures
Locate/select picture
Insert the picture
Format the picture

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responses seen).

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1 4
Backing RAM ROM
storage
This is temporary storage used for the


application being executed.
This is volatile memory. 
An example of this storage is an SSD. 
This stores the startup instructions for


the computer.
2 Delivery drivers for retail stores 2

Website designers
3 Two from: 2
He may be tired/injured therefore text messaging is easier than trying to talk
The text message is sent even though the sender’s phone is in limited signal
strength
Limited signal strength can result in a break of voice
A text message is quicker to send
4 4
Interviews Observation Questionnaires
This method gives a more

reliable overview of the whole 
system.
This is more time consuming


than the other methods.
Questions on this method

cannot be expanded upon 
when being asked.
With this method the worker


cannot remain anonymous.
5(a) Web browser 1

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5(b) Blog 1
5(c) Wiki 1
6(a) Example: Susan car database 1
6(b) S:\IGCSE\ICT\ 2
\IGCSE – 1 mark
\ICT\ – 1 mark
The overall answer must be in this order
6(c) Two from: 2

The larger it is the longer to transmit the email
Some email companies set a limit on attachment file size
The time to upload/download would increase with a large file
7(a) Two from: 2

So that other people cannot access the router using the known default
password
As it is wireless the password could be cracked from outside easily and then
used for free by others
So that people cannot make changes to/access personal data on the router
It would increase security of the data
7(b) Four from: 4

The computer/device sends data to its wireless adapter
The data is converted into radio waves
The radio waves are transmitted
A wireless adapter receives the radio waves
Radio waves are converted into data
The computer initiates a handshake with the wireless router
The wireless router responds
Establishes a session/pairing
Wireless router checks the password/key is correct
Data is transmitted
User has to enter a password/passkey/automatic entry of key for known
connections
7(c) Four from: 4

Create a cloud storage account
Ensure sufficient storage in the cloud account
Log into the cloud at home
Upload/transfer the diagrams from his home computer to the cloud
At university: access/login to his cloud storage account
At university: download/access the stored diagrams

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7(d) Four from: 4

Install security devices/firewalls
Use a VPN
Install security software/anti-virus/anti-spyware
Set up security settings in the router/operating system
Data backup in case of data loss/corruption
Restrict access to the network infrastructure
Train the family in the safe and secure use of the equipment
Not opening emails/attachments from unknowns/phishing emails
Not downloading files from unknowns/phishing emails
Use a dongle to restrict use of software
8 Six from: 6
Student progress can be shown over time using graphs
Comparisons between students can be shown using graphs
Comparisons with archive data can be shown using graphs
Conditional formatting can be used to show how a student is performing
compare to other students or past performance
Data can be sorted to show the best performers in the class
Calculate average marks to enable comparisons
Automatic reporting results to parents
Filtering students to show those above/below a threshold

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9 Four matched pairs: 8

I never send personal data to people I do not know ...
... because people can use it against me
… as other people can access my personal details
I do not reply by using reply button unless I know the person ...
... because it may be a scam
I use a list of known email addresses ...

... so I don’t accidently send it to the wrong email address
I check before opening an email/email attachment ...

... because it might be a phishing attack
I scan both the email and attachment ...

... in order to avoid viruses
I never send images of myself to people I do not know ...

... so they cannot recognise me in the street
I do not set auto reply to my email system ...

... as this could alert a spammer that the email is active
I use email filtering ...

... this stops spam emails
I always report any phishing emails ...

... so the authorities can take action
I change my email password regularly ...

... so that others cannot access my email account
I use a strong password …

… so that others cannot access my email account
I logout of email after I have finished using it ...

... to stop others gaining access to my emails
I keep my password safe …

… so that others cannot access my account
To gain full marks at least three matched pairs are required

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10(a) 4
Question Field name (Examples)
What is the toy? Name_of_toy
Who manufactured the toy? Manufacturer
What year was it manufactured? Year
What price was it bought for? Buying_price
10(b) Four from: 4

Open the table
Select Design View
Select the field
Select field type
Select from the drop down list – double
Click decimal places
Type in 2
10(c) Six from 6

Advantages
Data does not need to be entered a second time as tables are used
Records cannot be duplicated but a flat file cannot stop this
Saves time when entering data
More efficient storage as data is only stored once
Simpler to delete/modify details
Complex queries can be carried out
Complex reports can be created
Better security as some tables can be made confidential
Avoids inconsistent records
More data independence
Less inconsistency of data
More ability to cater for future requirements
Disadvantages
More complex than a flat file database as more tables are required
Takes more time to set up
More of a reduction in performance if many tables are needed
Slower extraction of data
Less robust due to broken keys and records//Each table requires a key field
and relationships to other tables
Needs specialist personnel to setup the database
More processing power needed for complex queries
A relational database is more complex to understand that a flat file database

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11 Eight from: 8
There needs to be emoticons/clipart to grab the attention
The content needs to be relevant to improve their knowledge
There must be a balance of information and pictures with more information
than pictures
The use of white space is less important
More hyperlinks to related web pages
Fonts must be clear and readable
The interface must be simple, clear and intuitive
Slideshows, videos and images providing more information
High contrast background
The students need to be constantly engaged
Needs to be interactive
The tone of the website needs to be casual
The website needs to be able to work on all platforms especially mobile ones
The content needs to be kept fresh and updated
12(a) Cropping/crop/cut 1

Highlight the body text
Select layout/page set up
Select columns
Select more columns
Select two columns
Click line between
Save the document
12(b)(ii) Four from: 4

Click insert …
… select picture from file
Locate the image
Load the image
Right click and list menu …
… click format
Format the image
Position the image
Click wrap text
Save the document

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12(c) Two from: 4

Used to make sure that all documents and other materials from an
organisation have consistency
Set of rules which state how all documents and written communication from
an organisation should be formatted
Use of branding
Three from:
Use of corporate/same colours
Same font
Same style of font
Margins and white space look similar
Graphics are similar
Logos are the same
Language used is the same on all documents within the organisation
Position of the images are the same
13(a)(i) Two from: 2

Saved shortcut
Directs the browser to a specific web page
It stores the title, URL, and favicon of the corresponding page
Allows the user to easily access favourite locations on the Web

The anchor is a link/placeholder/reference point
The anchor links with another part of the web page
13(a)(iii) Two from: 2

Word/phrase/image
When the hyperlink is clicked
Links to another document/page/website/top/bottom of the page
13(b) Two from: 2

Open the website
Click on the address bar/URL
Select CTRL-D/click on the bookmark/favourite icon/star/add to
favourites//Drag URL to bookmarks bar
Type in/change the name
Add the bookmark

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14 Six from: 6
Advantages
Less expensive per GB/gigabyte of memory
Not as easily lost, as larger in size
Disadvantages
Data access time is slower
Data transfer rate is slower
Affected by magnetic fields
They have moving parts therefore less robust
Read and write is more noisy
Less compact that flash memory
Harder to transfer to other devices
Requires a special reader
15 Four from: 4
Advantages
Files can be larger therefore it can save physical storage space
More likely to get the music you need
More likely to get more up to date music
Can be accessed in more places as only need the internet
Don’t need physical storage space
Don’t need optical drives to view/listen to movie/audio
Can be viewed on mobile devices with internet connection
Copyright owners have more control over who can watch the movie/listen to
the audio as no physical copy exists to be copied/pirated
Don’t have to wait for the whole/large file to be downloaded before viewing
Physical copies can be lost/stolen/damaged rendering them useless/have to
buy again but steamed movies are always available
Disadvantages
Needs a connection to the internet
Never own a physical copy of the file
The playback is dependent on the internet connection therefore may not be as
good a quality
A subscription may be needed to be paid therefore may be more expensive

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responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2021
1(a) The physical components of the computer 1
1(b) Two from: 2
Processor
Motherboard
Video/graphic card
Sound card
1(c) One from: 1

Programs for processing of electronic data
Program/data/applications
1(d) Two from for example: 2
Word processing
Spreadsheet
Database
Presentation
2 Car production workers 2

Payroll workers
3 Two from: 2
Tends to be a faster to load up the operating system

They are more lightweight so can be carried anywhere//More portable
Don’t generate as much heat
Lower power consumption therefore batteries last longer

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4 4
Looking at Observation Questionnaire
existing
paperwork
This method gives the 

systems analyst an
overall view of the
system
Individuals can remain 

anonymous
This method allows 

information to be
collected that cannot be
obtained from any other
method
This method gives the 

quickest analysis of the
data
5(a) Six from: 6
Each module is tested separately

Modules are tested by the programmers
Modules/system are tested with live data
Errors and problems are noted
Improvements are made to the module
The module/system is retested
Modules are combined and tested together
System is tested as a whole

System is tested to meet the user’s requirements

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5(b) Eight from: 8
Advantages
Prevents double booking
The customer can see immediately when the holiday has been booked
Bookings can be made 24/7
No need to travel to the booking office/queue up so saves time
Can be booked from any location
Saves cost of travelling to the booking office
Tickets are usually sent online and therefore paperless//Saves printing and
postal costs
Usually cheaper as lower/fewer overheads
Customers can more easily see the tours that are available
Disadvantages
Setting up is expensive//maintenance is expensive
Internet access is needed to run the booking system therefore the cost may
be increased
More reliant on server/network
Booking mistakes can be more easily made
Mistakes are more difficult to rectify due to the speed of booking
If the system crashes during the booking the booking may not be made
disadvantage
6 Problem: 6
Award a mark for each problem identified
I avoid back and neck problems
I avoid eye strain
I avoid getting headaches
I avoid epilepsy
Strategies:
Max four from:
Make sure the top of the screen is at eye level
Make sure that I adjust the tilting screen correctly
Take regular breaks
Do neck/back exercises
Make sure I use blue lens spectacles
Use a screen filter
Use a matt/anti-glare screen
Turn the screen away from the window
Use a computer screen for a short time/take regular breaks
Have my eyes tested regularly
Improve the lighting in the room
Sitting further away from the screen
Keeping the screen clean
Position the screen to reduce glare
Use a non-flickering screen/LED/LCD
Turn the brightness down on the screen

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7 Four from: 4
Smartphone sends data to its Bluetooth connector

Data is converted to radio waves
The smartphone automatically detects nearby devices
The smartphone pairs to the other device if in range
The smartphone randomly chooses one of 79 possible channels
If the channel is in use, it randomly chooses another
The connection changes channels, every few seconds
Sends the radio wave to the other device
8(a) Four from: 4
Internet is used to share and distribute information outside the organisation

whereas the intranet within an organisation
Internet is used to send and receive emails and messages outside the
organisation whereas intranet sends and receives messages within an
organisation
The intranet meets the needs of the organisation whereas internet aims to
meet the needs of everybody
The internet facilitates collaboration with others whereas the intranet is only
used to collaborate with other members within an organisation
The internet is used to browse the World Wide Web
8(b) 4
Facial Voice
recognition Password Recognition
This method cannot access

the smartphone 
unintentionally
The accuracy of this method


can be affected by noise
This method requires the use


of the smartphone’s camera
This method could be

compromised by shoulder 
surfing

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9(a) Two from, for example: 2
Fit windscreens
Fit the wheels
Welding body panels
Move cars from one place to another
Fit engines
9(b) Six from: 6
The depth of the paint is read by the sensor

The depth of paint is sent from the sensor to the ADC/microprocessor
The digital data from the ADC is read by the microprocessor
The microprocessor compares this data to the minimum depth of the
paint/preset value
If the data is less than the minimum depth/preset value, the microprocessor
sends a signal to the actuator
If the data is more than the minimum depth/preset value microprocessor does
nothing
Process is continuous
9(c) Six from: 6
Advantages
They can work in areas where it would be harmful for humans
They can work 24/7
Higher productivity
The finish is more consistent
Disadvantages
Expensive to purchase
Skills can be lost
Expensive to maintain/reprogram
Expensive to start up//train staff to operate the robots
disadvantage

PUBLISHED 2021
10(a) Three from: 3
LOOKUP allows for horizontal and vertical searching whereas VLOOKUP

allows for vertical searching
LOOKUP does not require an index value/only works on the second
row/column whereas VLOOKUP requires an index value
LOOKUP usually only works when the data is sorted
VLOOKUP only returns data to the right of the searched column
VLOOKUP user can select either an approximate or exact match to the
lookup value
The formula looks up the value in D2…

…In the (range) A2 to A7
And returns the corresponding value
In the 3rd column/Column C
10(b)(ii) Add FALSE/0 to the end of the formula – 1 mark 2

Sort the range into ascending order of column A – 1 mark
10(c) Poor 1
10(d) Four from: 4
Quicker to type in the formula

Fewer mistakes when typing in the formula
Easier to spot mistakes
Easier to expand the range
Takes up less storage space
Easier to remember when retyping
11(a) Two from for example: 2
Email address
Real names
DOB
Home address
Contact phone number
Membership card number
Location data
Internet Protocol (IP) address
Picture of yourself
Gender

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11(b) Two from: 3
Password should not relate to personal details

Should be a long password
Not previously used password
Should not include repeating/obvious patterns//predictable words
Password should be strong
11(c) Six from: 6
Use anti-spyware/up to date antivirus software

Play the games with the firewall operational
Play only with authorised versions of games which you have purchased from
the correct sources and for which you have a licence
Download/buy files and new software from reputable sources
Do not forget to delete your account details when you are not playing again
Keep the game software up to date.
When disposing of your gaming device ensure all of your personal information
has been deleted.
Choose a username that does not reveal any personal information
Be aware of criminals buying or selling ‘property’ that exists inside a computer
game, in the real world
12(a) Two from: 2
Dedicated website/app/platforms
It interacts with other users
Can be used to find people with similar interests
12(b) Six from: 6
Communicating with friends and colleagues all over the world

Promotes collaboration and teamwork
Instant communication
Easy to find other people with common interests
Allows the exchange of content or documents
Allows people to share best practice/knowledge/skills
It can help in community projects
Gives up to date information
Can give more confidence to some people who may be shy//develop social
skills
As it is seen by a lot of people helps advertising
Easier for online buying and selling//market products
Can be used more easily for analytics and market research
It can promote talent quickly, musicians
Make/socialise with new friends

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13(a) Four from: 4
Load the document

Highlight the text
Click Insert then Table
Select Convert text to table
Click on 2 columns
Click separate by :
Click ok
13(b) Two from: 2
Compares each typed word…

…with its dictionary/database
Uses algorithms to check the spelling
13(c) Two from: 2
Real names are not recognised

Badly spelt words will not be recognised
Incorrect grammar may not be recognised
It will not find words that sound the same but have been used incorrectly
Some words may be spelt incorrectly but form another word
They do not learn from their mistakes unless added to the dictionary
They may use the wrong dictionary

PUBLISHED 2021
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2021
1(a) Two from: 2
Touchscreen
Touchpad
Webcam
Microphone
Keyboard
1(b) Two from: 2
Compilers
Linkers
Device drivers
Operating systems
Utilities
2 4
3D Dot Laser
matrix
This printer is an impact printer 
This printer uses toner 
This printer uses an inked ribbon 
This printer uses tomography 
3(a) Two from: 2
Can be more expensive to run if the internet is accessed by mobile data

networks
Touch screen can be more error prone when typing the data
Laptop computers support more file formats
Does not have a physical keyboard therefore more difficult to type
Has a smaller screen therefore can be more difficult to read
3(b) Two from: 2
Streaming music from the internet

Sent by Bluetooth from another device
Plugging in an optical device/flash drive/HDD/SSD
Downloading music from the cloud
Direct input using a microphone
Sent by email attachment

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4(a) Switch 1
4(b) Hub 1
4(c) Router 1
4(d) Bridge 1
5 Six from: 6
Change default name/usernames and passwords on the router

Change the default privacy//use a strong privacy setting
Disable features not in use
Use strong WiFi encryption
Separate the IoT from the home WiFi account
Keep software/hardware up to date
Avoid public WiFi networks
Ensure firewall is operational
Use anti-spyware/up to date anti-virus
Use unique passwords for each device
Change passwords regularly
6 Health problem: 8
Award one mark for each problem identified
I can reduce Carpel Tunnel Syndrome
I can reduce Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
I can reduce neck/back pain
Strategies:
Max six strategies
Take frequent breaks
Use hand exercises
Not pressing the keyboard too hard
Use software to reduce the pressure on the keys
Use voice recognition/microphone
Use predictive text//shortcuts
Use ergonomic keyboards
Use a wrist rest
Lift the wrists up when typing
Maintain a correct posture

PUBLISHED 2021
7(a) Two from: 2
Menu of different types of cars

Shopping basket in which to place bought items
Login for username and password
Create a customised car
Calculates the price
Checkout page for creating the order
7(b) Six from: 6
Benefits:
Fewer staff/fewer shops therefore reduced overheads/lower costs
The company can better target customers
Updated more often
Cheaper to publicise special offers rather than mail shots
More special offers can be offered as lower overheads
Broader customer base
Operates 24/7
The customer can see immediately if the car is available
Can be used from any location
Saves cost/time of travelling to the showroom
Drawbacks:
Expensive due to the cost of setting up the website
Expensive due to the cost of maintaining the website
Expensive due to the need to re-train staff
Internet access is needed by the customer
Purchasing mistakes can be more easily made
Mistakes are more difficult to rectify due to the speed of operation
May be difficult to use as help is not as convenient
If the system crashes during the purchase the car may not be bought
The customer may experience internet/network problems
Cannot test drive the car
The pictures of the car may not be the same as the actual car
To gain full marks there must be at least one benefit and one drawback
7(c) Four from: 4
Module testing tests the operation of each module

Modules are tested separately
Module testing tests the relationships between each module
Module testing tests the data passing into and out of the modules
Easier to find errors in module testing
Whole system testing is carried out after module testing
Whole system testing checks that the system works as it is supposed
to//matches the user requirements
Whole system tests the combined modules

PUBLISHED 2021
Open spreadsheet
Load the file
Select B3 to C13
Then hold CTRL and select F3 to F13
Click insert then click bar chart/graph
Select the format/type of chart/graph
Highlight the chart/graph
Copy the bar chart/graph
Max four from:
Open the presentation software

Add a new slide
Click on new slide
Paste the bar chart/graph
Add titles/legend/axes labels
Save the file
8(b) Four from: 4
Click on the cell F4

Select formulas
Click Autosum/Σ
Check the correct range has been highlighted/highlight/drag C4 to E4
Click 
8(c) Four from: 4
Highlight B3 to F13
Click Data then Sort
Select data has headers
Sort by Total/Column F
Select Largest to smallest/Descending/Z to A
Click OK/enter
9 Three matched pairs from: 6
Content layer
Content can consist of text or images
Presentation layer
This layer is defined by the CSS or styles to indicate how elements are
displayed
Behaviour layer
This layer of a web page allows interaction

PUBLISHED 2021
10(a) Six from: 6
Name is clearly shown at the top of the data

Name must be on a line on its own
Information fills the report – Is there a large space at the bottom or side; use
professional judgement
Suitable title at the top of the page above the name – title must relate
academic progress/report
Must be a mail merge template or a document, a letter
The exact wording must be used for the following

Target level
All four subjects: Maths, Biology, Chemistry and Physics
Attainment and Effort
10(b) Attainment: 1 or 9 2
Effort: less than 1/greater than 3/decimal number/symbol/text
10(c) Four from: 4
Faster than editing each individual letter

Fewer errors than retyping the data
More consistency in the reports
Error checking only needs to be carried out once on the data and the template
Reduces the time taken to type out all the reports separately
10(d) Three from: 3
Click on place where date is to be added

Click on Insert field
Click on Quick Parts then Field
Click on Date
Select the format
Tick update automatically/automated date
Click OK
11(a) Sensor 1
11(b) Digital to Analogue Convertor/DAC 1
11(c) Actuator/motor 1

PUBLISHED 2021
12 These are points they will need to be expanded upon to gain the mark 6
Six from:
Removes freedom of speech

International therefore would be difficult to police
Laws are different in each country/state
The dark net would increase
Electronic crimes would move away from the internet to other places, making
them harder to intercept
Internet users can be anonymous therefore it will be difficult to track down
Who chooses what is blocked could affect day to day browsing
Concern that everything you do is being watched therefore privacy is lost
Could be breaches in sending/receiving confidential/personal data as others
could not see it
Increase in cost of security
Reduction in speed of browsing/search
Could lead to corruption/bribery//police may use the data
No one owns the internet so it would be impossible to police effectively
Very expensive to police the internet as extra police force has to be set up
As the internet it so big it is hard to keep track on all the activity
As the internet is dynamic it would be impossible to check everything
13 Four from: 4
Online discussion forum/social platform/website

Where the posts are controlled/monitored by an administrator
Those that break the rules are banned
Filters out inappropriate posts
Moderated forums have rules/policy

PUBLISHED 2021
14(a) Two from: 6
Could be hardware or software

Sits between the computer/network and the router
Filters/controls/monitors data/traffic coming in and out of the college network
Four from:
Checks whether the data passing through it meets a given set of rules
Blocks data that does not satisfy the rules
Alerts user about unwanted data
Can log all incoming and outgoing data/traffic to check later
Can prevent/block access to undesirable/inappropriate websites/IP addresses
Keeps a list of undesirable IP addresses
Can prevent hackers gaining access to the system
Can send out warnings
Can block the unwanted traffic in and out of the network
Keeps a list of desirable IP addresses/websites
It can block IP addresses
14(b) Four from: 4
Anyone can post information on the internet

Websites may contain incorrect information
Any information found will need to be checked against reliable sources
Similar websites may have conflicting data on the same topic
The search engines tend to be generalised
Search engines do not necessarily give the most reliable searches at the top
of the list//paying to have information at the top of the list
Data on the website could be out of date

PUBLISHED 2021
responses seen).

PUBLISHED 2021
1(a) Two from: 2
Touchscreen
Camera
Microphone
1(b) Two from: 2
Speakers
Screen
2 4
MICR OCR OMR
This system magnetises the special 

characters on cheques in order to read
them
This method is used to read car 

number plates
A bar code is an example of this 

system
If the media from this system is 

photocopied it cannot be read by the
recognition system
3(a) Two from: 2
Mineral prospecting
Medical diagnosis
Chess games
3(b) Three from: 3
Knowledge base
Rules base
Inference engine
Interactive user interface
Explanation system

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4(a) ISBN: Check digit 2

Date_due_back: Format check
4(b)(i) Book_ID 1
4(b)(ii) Borrower_ID 1
4(c) Two from: 2
The field is not needed for calculation

Number starts with a zero/+ symbol
May include a space
4(d) Six from: 6
Books table opened

Borrowers table opened
First record is read from the books table
First record is read from the borrowers table
Date_due_back in books table is compared with the current date
If the Date_due_back is after the current date then…
…Move to next record
If the Date_due_back is before or equal to the current date then…
…Contact_email is located
A reminder is generated automatically
The reminder is sent to the borrower
Process continues with next record
5(a) Four from: 4
Scrambling of data
Changes the data into a form that is not understandable
Requires a decryption key/encryption key to decode
Encrypted using a encryption key/code
Changes plain text into cypher text
5(b) Four from: 4
Use anti-spyware to prevent key logging

Change passwords regularly//Do not repeat the same password
Use a different password for each system
Avoid common/predictable patterns as they are easier to guess
Use longer passwords as they are harder to guess
Use two-factor authentication so that hackers need both parts
Use a dropdown list for password entry
Use a biometric password
Do not use passwords that directly links to the user
Do not allow webpages/device to remember the password

PUBLISHED 2021
6 Four from: 4
Online discussion forum/social platform/website

Do not have an administrator
Posts are not controlled/monitored
Relies on a voluntary code from its users
People write what they want
There are no rules//Users cannot be barred for what they write
7(a) Four from: 4
The reader checks the amount to pay is less than the contactless limit
The seller’s bank's computer contacts the customer’s bank's computer
The card is checked if it is valid
An authorisation code is sent to the seller
The price of the purchase is deducted from the customer’s account
Transferred to the seller’s account
Message sent asking ‘do you require a receipt’
Receipt is sent to the printer
If valid/enough money the transaction continues
If not valid/enough money the transaction is terminated
7(b) Six from: 6
Advantages
Saves time rather than travelling to the bank/waiting in queues
Saves cost of travelling to the bank
Customers can use international banks which could have better interest rates
Better interest rates than physical banks
Safer less likely to get mugged/robbed
Operates 24/7
Can be used from any location
Disadvantages
Easier to press the wrong button and lose money
Online security issues more of a concern
Cannot deposit/withdraw cash
Internet connection is required
Mistakes are more difficult to rectify due to the speed of operation
The customer may experience internet/network problems
disadvantage

PUBLISHED 2021
7(c) Two from: 3
Secure Socket Layer

Communication protocol
Security technology
Encrypted link…
…between the server and the client
Ensures all data remains private – 1 mark
7(d) https:// 3
One from:
This is the hypertext transfer protocol secure // ensures site is secure

Set of rules//protocol
tawarabank
This shows the domain name/company name that the company have
purchased
.com
The company/domain is registered in multiple countries/USA
8 Six from: 6
Quicker method of answering the questions for questionnaires

Questionnaires can be completed in the respondents own time whereas
interviews have to be undertaken at a set time
In interviews need to pay for time off work/employing an interviewer which is
expensive
Respondents can remain anonymous on questionnaires whereas interview
they cannot
Analysis of the results can be quicker with questionnaires
With interviews the interviewer can direct the questions to give answers they
want
People tend not to hand questionnaires back as they can be anonymous
Inflexible in the answers on questionnaires whereas interviews allow for
expansion on the answers from the previous question
If the respondent gets stuck with a question, there is no easy way to ask for
clarification in questionnaires
If they do not understand the question then they may answer differently to
what was needed in questionnaires
In questionnaires questions cannot be modified whereas interviews can add
extra questions or go into more depth
The analysis of the data in a questionnaire can be displayed easier/graphed
Both can gather information that can be used for later analysis
Both methods may not be answered honestly

PUBLISHED 2021
9(a) Two from: 2
Headset/head mounted displays/HMD

Data goggles
Steering wheel
Large monitor/screen/projector
Surround Speakers
9(b) Three from: 3
A computer-generated simulation
Uses a three-dimensional environment
Can be interacted within a real or physical way
The equipment is fitted with sensors
9(c) Four from: 4
Ensures consistency across all documents

Lets people know that the stationery/documents belong to the same Motor
company
Easier to recognise documents from the same company
To reduce the time spent in setting up and formatting documents
To reduce cost of setting up and formatting documents
To reduce the risk of errors e.g. misspellings, logos omitted, etc.

PUBLISHED 2021
10 Problem: 6
Award a mark for each problem identified

Max four from:
If I receive requests from unwanted users/people I do not know
If I get approached from people I do not know
If I receive unwanted and abusive messages
If I wish to post images of myself on the social media site
When talking to people on social media
If someone tells me private and personal information about themselves
Strategies
Max five from:
I never arrange to meet them alone/take a chaperone
I always tell a responsible adult if I plan to meet someone
I always meet in a public place
I always chat to them in the main room
I avoid giving away personal information
I block them and report them
I report the sender of the messages
I avoid publishing inappropriate images/videos
I avoid showing images of myself in school uniform
I always use appropriate language/content
I respect other people’s confidentiality
Make your account private
I only follow friends
I do not post my location until I have left it
11(a) One from: 1
Can cause pixelation

Lose some of the resolution/image quality reduced
11(b) Five from: 5
Open graphics/image editing software

Load/import the image
Select the image
Click crop
Click an edge/crop handle of the image
Click and drag the edge/crop handle inwards …
…until cropped area appears
Click done/finish
Save the image

PUBLISHED 2021
12(a) Five from: 5
Highlight Column D
Select Conditional Formatting
Select Highlight Cell Rules
Select Equal to
Type in the Equal to box…Severe/Low
Click on Format
Select/Set the red font on light red background
Repeat the process for Low/Severe
12(b) Three from: 3
Removes the confusion over absolute and relative referencing

Reduces the issues involved in changing the range
Easier to understand the formula
Easier to check for errors in the formula
Easier to enter the formula//Less errors in entering the formula
Faster to write the name than to select the range
12(c) Looks up the value of B3 4

Looks in the named range Bloodpressure
Returns the corresponding value
from the 3rd column
12(d) Two from: 3
Highlight A2 to C9
Click Insert
Select table…Click Chart
Select 2D line chart/select type of graph
One from:
Add a chart title

Add axis title
Remove 09-Feb/17-Feb as not needed
12(e) Five from: 5
Include Name, Date of birth

Include Patient Number
Graph is displayed
Must look like a hard copy report
Fills the report
Suitable title at the top of the page title must relate to blood pressure readings

0417 - 2012-2021 Ms

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Page 2 Mark Scheme: Teachers’ version Syllabus Paper

IGCSE – May/June 2012 0417 11

2 buzzer DVD R joystick [1]

magnetic tape plotter touch pad [1]

A scanner is used to enter a PIN

Word processing software is used to write letters

Database software is used to create newspapers

A command line interface uses icons to represent applications

Sensors are used to monitor physical variables

© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

5 Three pairs from:

Uses wireless technology to transmit data

Faster transmission of data

Is cheaper as there is less cabling

7 PEN DOWN FORWARD 300

RIGHT 90 PEN DOWN

FORWARD 100 FORWARD 80

END REPEAT END REPEAT

1 mark for each correct statement [8]

© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

8 A blu ray disc is used to store high definition copies of movies

A graphics tablet is used to retouch photographs

An inkjet printer is used to print out photographs

A motor is used to open windows in a greenhouse

An Optical Mark Reader is used to input candidate examination answers [5]

10 (a) Three from:

(b) Five from:

11 (a) Four from:

(b) Two from:

© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

12 Three pairs from:

Invalid character/type check

13 RSI in the wrists – caused by repetitive typing/prolonged gripping of mouse [1]

14 Three matched triples from:

User ID and password

Magnetic/chip card with PIN

© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

Model Must be Feisty or Mendo or Galactica

Colour Must be red, blue or gold

Air conditioning Boolean check - Must be yes or no

(c) Six from:

16 (a) Three from:

(b) Maldives [1]

(c) Three from:

© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

(e) Four from:

Max. 3 drawbacks or benefits [4]

© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

1 A Laser printer [1]

2 buzzer DVD R joystick [1]

magnetic tape plotter touch pad [1]

Measuring software is used to monitor physical variables

Presentation software is used to create models

Laptops can be used even when not plugged in to an electricity socket

Control software is used to create slide shows

A graph plotter is used to print newsletters

Usually in some form of chronological order

Usually many contributors and authors

Postings tend to be short in length

© University of Cambridge International Examinations 2012

6 To store a high definition movie Fixed hard disc

To store school work to use at home Blu-ray disc

To store server backups Pen drive