2020-21 SPRING Supplementary Material

B1+ Level Main Course Week 13

Handout 13.2 RESTATEMENTS (Relative Clauses and Participles)

1. Gorillas, which are vegetarians, have been observed to demonstrate gentle behavior toward small creatures
in the wild.
a) All gorillas are vegetarians, and people have seen them in the wild treating small animals gently.
b) Observation reveals that those gorillas that treat small creatures gently in the wild are only the vegetarian
ones.
c) Only vegetarian gorillas have been observed demonstrating gentle behavior toward small creatures in the
wild.
d) All vegetarians have been observed to demonstrate gentle behavior toward gorillas and small creatures in the
wild.

2. People who live in suburban houses have to spend more money and time travelling to work every day.  
a) Unlike suburban residents, city residents spend less time on commuting but more money on housing costs.
b) Although getting downtown is time consuming and expensive, many people prefer living in the suburbs.
c) The cost in both money and time of commuting to work for suburban residents is higher than the cost for city
residents.
d) Since most of the job opportunities are in cities, many suburban residents have to travel downtown to work
every day.

3. Nadia Comaneci is a Romanian gymnast, winner of five Olympic gold medals, and the first to be awarded a
perfect score of 10 in an Olympic gymnastics event.

a) The Romanian gymnast Nadia Comaneci was not only the winner of five Olympic gold medals, but also the first
woman to receive a perfect score of 10 in an Olympic competition.
b) Nadia Comaneci was the first Romanian gymnast who received five gold medals in the Olympic Games and a
perfect score of 10 in an Olympic competition.
c) Nadia Comaneci is a Romanian gymnast who won five gold medals during a single Olympic year in addition to
getting a perfect score of 10 in an Olympic competition.
d) Since Nadia Comaneci was the first woman who was awarded a perfect score of ten in the Olympic Games,
she is still well known by many people.

4. With the recent advances in medicine, many children who would have died in infancy due to various
diseases are now living into adult age.
a) In recent years, early diagnosis has improved the treatment of many diseases.
b) Even though there have been many advances made in medicine, many children die in infancy due to various
diseases.
c) Thanks to the great advances in medicine, children in some countries are now living longer than they used to
in the past.
d) The recent advances in medicine have saved the lives of many children likely to die because of various
diseases.

5. He's devoted his life to photographing the misery that war has brought to people's lives.
a) He was miserable for most of his life because his job was photographing people in war zones.
b) At times during his career, he was sent to war zones to concentrate on photographing people's suffering.
c) Throughout his life, he's been a dedicated photographer taking pictures of people who have suffered a lot
through war.
d) The subjects of his photographs have usually been victims of human catastrophes such as wars.

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6. Once frustrating to teachers, cell phones have gone from irritating devices to constructive tools in many
classrooms.
a) When cell phones frustrated teachers, they ordered students not to take the annoying devices into their
classroom.
b) Although cell phones used to be considered disturbing by teachers, they are now a beneficial component of
many lessons.
c) As cell phones have become more and more developed, they have also become more troublesome gadgets for
teachers during class.
d) It is now necessary to use devices such as cell phones in the classroom, although they are really annoying
machines.

7. Able to drink nearly 150 liters of water at one time, camels are perfectly suited for the desert lands that
they live in.
a) Drinking almost 150 liters of water in one day when they are in desert areas is completely suitable for camels.
b) Desert areas, where camels live, probably cause camels to drink as much as 150 liters of water at once.
c) Camels, which can drink up to 150 liters of water at one time, are well adapted for the deserts where they live.
d) Camels that are able to drink nearly 150 liters of water at one are better able to survive in desert settings.

8. Commonly used only in Australia, the term “outback” refers to places far from settled areas.
a) Although it is far away from a developed area, The Australian “outback” is a pleasant place to settle.
b) Known only by Australians, “outback” identifies small settlements in areas needing to be developed.
c) A place that has only a small population but is attracting more settlers is called an “outback” in Australia.
d) “Outback” is a word used primarily in Australia and describes places located long distances from population
centers.

9. Opened as an attraction for tourists, the Eiffel Tower was supposed to be transformed into a radio tower
twenty years later.
a) Many people believe the Eiffel Tower has always been for tourists, but it was actually a radio tower for twenty
years.
b) The Eiffel Tower was going to be a tourist attraction only for its first twenty years and then turned into a radio
tower.
c) The Eiffel Tower was used as a radio tower for twenty years before it finally became a touristic attraction.
d) After twenty years of use as a tourist site, the Eiffel Tower was once again made into a radio tower.

10.Thought to be the world’s oldest civilization, Australia’s aboriginal people made stone cutting tools long
before other societies did.
a) Said to have started their society at the time of other ancient civilizations, Australia’s aboriginal people were
the very first to make stone cutting tools.
b) Australia’s aboriginal people, who claim to have the oldest civilization in the world, produced stone cutting
tools as soon as any other society that existed long ago.
c) When other societies were first producing stone cutting tools, the Australian Aboriginals, probably the world’s
first society, had already been using such tools for ages.
d) Used long ago by ancient societies, stone cutting tools were greatly improved by Australia’s aboriginal people,
who are believed to be the earliest civilization in history.

Answer Key: 1. a 2.c 3.a 4.d 5.c 6.b 7.c 8.d 9.b 10.c