Plagiarism in academics has become a pressing problem in many countries today.

What are the causes of this problem?

What are some possible solutions?

General
Academic dishonesty pervades modern educational institutions. S V O (S = N)
statement
General Motives for such misconduct include fear of failing grades and nonchalant attitudes to intellectual
causes property rights. S V O1 and O2 (S = N for N)
General
If this is true, academic policies and laws need refinement. IF S V O, S V O (S = N and N)
solutions

Topic Rationales for academic integrity violation include desires to obtain passing grades and disinterest in
sentence I current school policies. S V O1 and O2 (S = N for N)
Fear of failing an exam is a fundamental characteristic of human nature which arouses the instinctual
Main idea
desire to attain acceptable grades regardless of approaches and legal repercussions.
1
S V O which V O regardless of O (S = N of N)
Supporting History provides countless examples of student submissions of others’ works without acknowledging
idea 1 original sources to pass classes. S V O1 without O2 to V (S = N)
Main idea Another compelling reason for academic dishonesty is student insensibility to academic policies.
2 S V O1 and O2 (S = N)
This has been evidenced in many universities in developing countries, including Vietnam, where
Supporting intellectual property laws have not been effectively enforced. S V O where S V O (S = N) The failure of
idea 2 such institutions to instruct their students to acknowledge sources in their works has motivated
plagiarism. S V O (S = N of N to V)

Topic Viable solutions to academic dishonesty include enforcing intellectual property laws and
sentence II restructuring academic policies. S V O (S = N to N)
If plagiarism is considered a criminal act and requires criminal prosecution, students will be deterred
Main idea
from committing academic offenses due to potential consequences on their academic records.
3
IF S V O and V O, S V O due to sth (S = N)
Supporting This could be effectively implemented with degrees of disciplinary penalties.
idea 3 S V O (S = N) (passive voice)
Issuing warnings and assigning failing grades would befit most convicted of academic misdemeanors,
Main idea
like falsifying research data or possessing unauthorized materials in test environments. S V O, like N
4
or N (S = N and N)
Supporting In contrast, school expulsion is necessary for more serious offenses, including fabricating academic
idea 4 credentials or impersonating one in exams. Conjunction, S V O, including N or N (S = N)

In conclusion, reasonable interpretations for academic offenses include ‘instinctual desperation’ to

attain satisfactory grades and students uninterested in academic policies. Academic misconduct
Conclusion
could be deterred by the criminalization of plagiarism complemented with the implementation of
different levels of disciplinary actions.
 Plagiarism in academics has become a pressing problem in many countries today.

What are the causes of this problem?

What are some possible solutions?

General
statement
General
Motives for __________ include __________ and __________.
causes
General
If this is true, __________.
solutions

Topic
Rationales for __________ include __________ and __________.
sentence I
Main idea
1
Supporting
History provides countless examples of __________.
idea 1
Main idea
Another compelling reason for __________ is __________.
2
Supporting
This has been evidenced __________.
idea 2

Topic
Viable solutions to __________ include __________ and __________.
sentence II
Main idea
If __________, __________ will __________ due to __________.
3
Supporting
This could be effectively implemented with __________.
idea 3
Main idea
__________ and __________ would befit __________, like __________ or __________.
4
Supporting
In contrast, __________.
idea 4

In conclusion, reasonable interpretations for __________ include __________ and __________.

Conclusion __________ could be deterred by __________.