Functions of Several Variables

:(Evaluate) ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻌﻮ ﻳﺾ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻄﻰ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬

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(1) If !(), ,) = ) ! ,/(2) − , ! ), find:

(a) !(1,3)

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Calculus III

(b) !(−2, −1)

MATH211 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Functions of Several Variables ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(c) !() + ℎ, ,)

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Ahmed Al-Awadhi ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Phone NO.98839612 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(a) !(), ))

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105 ‫ ﺷﺎرع‬1 ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ Inspire.kw 99076876 - 99433184

 ‫اﻟﻤﺠﺎل )‪" (Domain‬اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول"‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﺎل )‪" (Domain‬اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ"‬
‫ﺴﻢ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺪرس إﻟﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﺸﺎن أﺳﻬﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‪ ،‬أول ﺟﺰء ﺣﻔﻆ‬
‫راح أﻗ ّ‬ ‫‪dds‬‬
‫)واﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ راح ﺗﻜﻮن ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ً ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻪ(‪ ،‬اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ راح ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻴﻪ ﺷﻮ ﻳﺔ ﺷﻐﻞ وﻧﺤﺘﺎج ﻣﻨﻜﻢ‬ ‫‪ Function‬اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺘﺮ ﺑﻴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺰوﺟﻲ‬
‫‪Domain‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﻔﻆ ‪ +‬اﻟﻔﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫وﻧﺼﻴﺤﺔ رﻛﺰوا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺪرس ‪J‬‬ ‫!‬
‫)‪5!(), ,‬‬
‫‪!(), ,) ≥ 0‬‬
‫‪ 1: even‬اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﺘﻜﻌﻴﺒﻲ‪ ،‬اﻟﺠﺬر اﻟﻔﺮدي‬
‫ي وﺣﺪة ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻳﻞ اﻟﺪوال‬
‫إذا ﺷﻔﺘﻮا أ ّ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻤﺠﺎل راح ﻳﻜﻮن ‪2‬‬ ‫!‬
‫)‪5!(), ,‬‬ ‫! ‪Depends on domain‬‬
‫‪1: Odd‬‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ اﻟﺠﺬر‬

‫‪Function‬‬ ‫‪Domain‬‬ ‫)‪!(), ,) ± <(), ,‬‬ ‫< ‪Domain ! , domain‬‬

‫)‪!(), ,) × <(), ,‬‬ ‫< ‪Domain !, domain‬‬

‫‪Polynomial‬‬ ‫!!‬
‫)‪!(), ,‬‬ ‫‪Domain ! , domain < ,‬‬
‫‪cos(Poly. ) ,‬‬ ‫) ‪sin(Poly.‬‬ ‫!!‬ ‫)‪<(), ,‬‬ ‫‪<(), ,) ≠ 0‬‬
‫!‬
‫‪.Poly.‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫!!‬ ‫‪!(), ,) > 0‬‬
‫‪/: odd‬‬ ‫)‪5!(), ,‬‬

‫) ‪sinh(Poly.‬‬ ‫])‪sin#$ [!(), ,‬‬

‫‪−1 ≤ !(), ,) ≤ 1‬‬
‫!!‬ ‫])‪cos #$ [!(), ,‬‬
‫) ‪cosh(Poly.‬‬ ‫])‪ln[!(), ,)] , log[!(), ,‬‬ ‫‪!(), ,) > 0‬‬
‫| ‪|Poly.‬‬ ‫!!‬
‫! ‪Depends on domain‬‬
‫))‪K %(',)) , L %(',‬‬
‫‪5 "#$%. 6"#$%.‬‬ ‫!‬ ‫!‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻷس‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪:‬‬ ‫])‪tan#$ [!(), ,‬‬ ‫∞ < )‪−∞ < !(), ,‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﺪودﻳﺔ )‪ (Polynomial‬ﺗﻜﻮن ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪-１‬‬

‫! ‪) !,‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫!)‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫!‪,‬‬ ‫‪+ 1,‬‬ ‫!)‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫!‪,‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫!‪/‬‬ ‫‪+ 9,‬‬ ‫" ‪) !,‬‬ ‫‪+ 3),‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺧ ﻄ ﻮ ات اﻟﺤ ﻞ ‪:‬‬
‫* ﻳﺠﺐ ان ﺗﻜﻮن اﻷﺳﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮات )اﻋﺪاد ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﺗ ﺤ ﺪ ﻳ ﺪ ا ﻟ ﻤ ﺠ ﺎ ل ﺑ ﺎ ﺳ ﺘ ﺨ ﺪ ا م ا ﻟ ﺠ ﺪ و ل ) ا ﻟ ﺠ ﺪ و ل ﺣ ﻔ ﻆ ( ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟـ‪ 1‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺪد اﻟﻤﺘﻐﻴﺮات ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-２‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟـ ‪:Domain‬‬
‫اﻟﺠﺪول ﺣﻔﻆ ‪.J‬‬ ‫‪-３‬‬
‫} |)‪Q = {(), ,‬‬
‫‪ -3‬اﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ )إن اﻣﻜﻦ( ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﻔﺘﺮة اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل‪.‬‬

‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬
 ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻤﻮن اﻟﻤﺠﺎل وﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت‪:‬‬
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل )‪(Sketch the Domain‬‬ ‫‪Parabola‬‬
‫!‪0 ≥ 1‬‬
‫!‪1 ≥ 0‬‬
‫ﺧﻄﻮات رﺳﻢ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬
‫اﻧﺘﺒﻪ! ﺑﻬﺬا اﻟﺪرس راح ﻧﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺷﻠﻮن‬
‫‪ -1‬إ ﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﻤﺠﺎل )‪.(Domain‬‬
‫ﻧﺮﺳﻢ )ﻣﺠﺎل( اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ وﻟﻴﺴﺖ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺗ ﻈ ﻠ ﻴ ﻞ ا ﻟ ﻤ ﺠ ﺎ ل ﺑ ﺎ ﺳ ﺘ ﺨ ﺪ ا م ا ﻟ ﻄ ﺮ ﻳ ﻘ ﺘ ﻴ ﻦ ا ﻟ ﺘ ﺎ ﻟ ﻴ ﺘ ﻴ ﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫• اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﻮ ﻳﺾ ﺑﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ )‪:U(V, W‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﻌﻮض ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺆال‪.‬‬ ‫‪X ≥ Y+‬‬ ‫‪Y ≥ X+‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﻔﻀﻞ )إن أﻣﻜﻦ( اﻟﺘﻌﻮ ﻳﺾ ﺑﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور‪.‬‬ ‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺘﻌﻮ ﻳﺾ ﺑﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ وﺣﺪه ﺑﺮا اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ووﺣﺪه داﺧﻞ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻤﻮن اﻟﻤﺠﺎل وﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت‪:‬‬
‫!‪0 ≤ 1‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﻌﻮ ﻳﺾ ﺑﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻋﺸﻮاﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫!‪1 ≤ 0‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن ﺧﺎرج اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬

‫‪((*, +) = -./‬‬ ‫رﻗﻢ = )‪((*, +‬‬

‫ﻋﺪم ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬

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‫• اﻟﻄ ﺮ ﻳﻘ ﺔ اﻟﺜ ﺎﻧﻴ ﺔ ‪ :‬اﻟﺠ ﺪ و ل ) اﻟﺸ ﺮ ح ﺑﺎﻟﺼ ﻔ ﺤ ﺎت اﻟﻘ ﺎد ﻣ ﺔ (‪.‬‬

‫‪X ≤ Y+‬‬
‫‪Y ≤ X+‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﺟﺪا ً‪:‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل وﺟﻮد أ ﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ )ﻣﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ وﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ( ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻤﻬﻢ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ وﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻛﻞ رﺳﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪة )ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت واﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت ﻓﻲ رﺳﻤﺔ واﺣﺪة وﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ إذا ﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ راح ﻧﻌﻜﺲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل وﺟﻮد ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﺎوي ﺑﺎﺷﻜﺎﻟﻬﺎ )= ‪ (≤, ≥,‬ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﺎوي )≠ ‪ (> ، < ،‬ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻤﻮن اﻟﻤﺠﺎل وﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻤﻮن اﻟﻤﺠﺎل وﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت‪:‬‬
‫!‬
‫‪0 ≤ −1‬‬ ‫!‪0 ≥ −1‬‬
‫!‪1 ≤ −0‬‬ ‫!‪1 ≥ −0‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن ﺧﺎرج داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن داﺧﻞ ﺧﺎرج اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬

‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬
 ‫‪Hyperbola‬‬ ‫‪Straight lines‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻤﻮن اﻟﻤﺠﺎل وﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻴﻦ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺮأﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺎر اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﺮأﺳﻲ‬
‫‪!≤#‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻨﺔ أﺳﻔﻞ اﻻﺷﻜﺎل‪:‬‬ ‫‪!≥#‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬

‫‪b‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن‬

‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫أﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻷﻓﻘﻲ‬

‫‪b‬‬
‫‪$≤#‬‬
‫‪$≥#‬‬
‫‪X+ Y+‬‬ ‫‪Y+ X+‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪≥Z‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪≥Z‬‬
‫‪W+ V+‬‬ ‫‪V+ W+‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫أﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺨﻂ اﻷﻓﻘﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻨﺔ أﺳﻔﻞ اﻻﺷﻜﺎل‪ :‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﻤﻮن اﻟﻤﺠﺎل وﻛﺎن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ أﺣﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت‬
‫‪!≥$‬‬ ‫!≥‪$‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن ﺧﺎرج اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ‬

‫‪b‬‬
‫‪o‬‬
‫‪on‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫!‪! ≤ −$ () $ ≤ −‬‬ ‫‪$ ≥ −! () ! ≥ −$‬‬

‫‪X+ Y+‬‬ ‫‪Y+ X+‬‬

‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪≤Z‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪≤Z‬‬
‫‪W+ V+‬‬ ‫‪V+ W+‬‬

‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬
 ‫ﺗﺮا اﻟﻔﺮق ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﺔ إﻟﻲ ﻓﻮق ﻋﻦ إﻟﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪Circle‬‬ ‫‪Ellipse‬‬
‫إﻟﻲ ﻓﻮق‪*! > +! :‬‬
‫‪r‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬ ‫إﻟﻲ ﺗﺤﺖ‪*! < +! :‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪v‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬
‫‪or‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬
‫‪or‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪Y+ + X+ ≤ [+‬‬ ‫‪Y+ + X+ ≥ [+‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ )أﺻﻐﺮ (‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ )أ ﻛﺒﺮ (‬

‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﻜﻮن داﺧﻞ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬

‫‪Y+ X+‬‬ ‫‪Y+ X+‬‬

‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪≤Z‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪≥Z‬‬
‫‪V+ W+‬‬ ‫‪V+ W+‬‬

‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ )أﺻﻐﺮ (‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ )أ ﻛﺒﺮ (‬

‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﻜﻮن داﺧﻞ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺪاﺋﺮة‬

‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ وﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﺎ رﺳﻤﺔ!‬

‫‪Y+ + X+ ≠ [+‬‬ ‫\ ≥ ‪Y+ + X+‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﺎﻟﺮ ﺑﻊ‬
‫‪l‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ واﻟﺮ ﺑﻊ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬
‫‪I‬‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬

‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪I‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻈﻠﻴﻞ راح ﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﺎﻟﺮ ﺑﻊ‬
‫اﻷول واﻟﺮ ﺑﻊ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬
‫\ ≤ ‪YX‬‬ ‫\ ≥ ‪YX‬‬
‫\ = ‪Y+ + X+‬‬
‫\ ≠ ‪Y+ + X+‬‬
‫ﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻏﺎﻣﺠﺔ ﺑﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬ ‫• ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻴﺴﺎوي ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻷﺻﻞ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ ﺑﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬
 ‫ﻣ ﻼ ﺣ ﻈ ﺎت ﻣ ﻬ ﻤ ﺔ ﺟ ﺪ ا ً‬ ‫‪-'.).$‬‬
‫= )‪(2) Let !(), ,‬‬ ‫‪'#$‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ≠‪:‬‬ ‫‪(a) Evaluate !(3,2).‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﻈﻠﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲ ﻣﺎﻋﺪا اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻤﺘﻘﻄﻊ )إذا ﻋﻨﺪي رﺳﻤﺔ واﺣﺪة ﻓﻘﻂ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪(b) Find and sketch the domain of !.‬‬
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‫‪ -‬إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺠﺎل ﻳﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ +‬ﻣﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ )ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ إﻟﻲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ≠ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫)ﺑﺪون ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ( اﻣﺎ رﺳﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﻧﺮﺳﻤﻬﺎ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ )ﻣﻊ ﺗﻈﻠﻴﻞ(‪.‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻰ ﺑﺨﻂ ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻧﺮﺳﻢ داﺋﺮة ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ﻣﺪى اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ )‪:(Range of Function‬‬ ‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﻜﺮة ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺪرس إﻧﻪ ﻻزم ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺞ ﺷﻨﻮ )أ ﻛﺒﺮ وأﺻﻐﺮ ( ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺪاﻟﺔ ! ﺗﻌﻄﻴﻨﻲ إ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ﻋ ﻨ ﺪ اﻟﺘ ﻌ ﻮ ﻳ ﺾ ‪.‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺪى ‪ 2,‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫}أ ﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ < ‪ < /‬اﺻﻐﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ |‪2, = {/‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺒﺎﻳﻨﺔ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﺎوي او ﻻ )ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ(‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫ا ﺻ ﻐ ﺮ ﻗ ﻴ ﻤ ﺔ ] = ‪2 ,‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫^ا ﻛﺒﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻃﺒﻌﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻷﻗﻮاس اﻟﻔﺘﺮة ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ أو ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ )ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
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‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬
 (3) Let !(), ,) = ) ln(, ! − ))
(a) Evaluate !(3,2).
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(b) Find and sketch the domain of !.
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(4) Let <(), ,) = ) ! ln() + ,)
(a) Evaluate <(3,1).
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(b) Find and sketch the domain of !.
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(c) Find the range.
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105 ‫ ﺷﺎرع‬1 ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ Inspire.kw 99076876 - 99433184 105 ‫ ﺷﺎرع‬1 ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ Inspire.kw 99076876 - 99433184
 (5) Let ℎ(), ,) = K -)#'
"
(6) Find and sketch the domain of the function:

(a) Evaluate ℎ(−2,5). !(), ,) = 59 − ) ! − , !

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(b) Find and sketch the domain of ℎ. ------------------------------------------------
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(c) Find the range of ℎ. ------------------------------------------------
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105 ‫ ﺷﺎرع‬1 ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ Inspire.kw 99076876 - 99433184 105 ‫ ﺷﺎرع‬1 ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ Inspire.kw 99076876 - 99433184
 ‫‪Graphs‬‬
‫‪(9) Sketch the graph of the function.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺪرس راح ﻧﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺷﻠﻮن ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﺪوال ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ 3D‬وراح ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻌﻄﻴﻜﻢ داﻟﺔ وراح ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪!(), ,) = cos ,‬‬
‫ﻣ ﺘ ﻐ ﻴ ﺮ و اﺣ ﺪ أو ﻣ ﺘ ﻐ ﻴ ﺮ ﻳ ﻦ ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪(7) Sketch the graph of the function.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪!(#, %) = %‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
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‫‪3‬‬
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‫!‬
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‫‪4‬‬
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‫‪0‬‬
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‫‪$‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
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‫‪#‬‬
‫‪(10) Sketch the graph of the function.‬‬
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‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ :‬إذا ﻛﺎن ﻣﻌﻄﻴﻜﻢ ﺟﺬر‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫"‬
‫ﺗﺮ ﺑﻴﻌﻲ ﺗﺄ ﻛﺪوا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫! ‪!(), ,) = 59 − ) ! − ,‬‬
‫‪(8) Sketch the graph of the function.‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫! ‪!(#, %) = #‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
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‫!‬ ‫‪3‬‬
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‫‪$‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
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‫‪#‬‬ ‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪0‬‬
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‫"‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬
 ‫‪(11) Sketch the graph of the function.‬‬ ‫‪(12) Sketch the graph of the function.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪!(), ,) = 10 − 4) − 5,‬‬ ‫‪!(#, %) = 2 − # − %‬‬‫!‬ ‫!‬
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‫!‬
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‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫‪$‬‬
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‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫‪#‬‬
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‫"‬
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‫‪----------------------------------------------------‬‬
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‫‪Level Curve:‬‬
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‫‪3‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫• ﺧﻄﻮات رﺳﻢ اﻟـ ‪:Level curve‬‬

‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬ﻧﺒﺪل اﻟﺮﻣﺰ )‪ !(#, %‬إﻟﻰ ' ‬

‫' = )‪!(#, %‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ )ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻨﺪﻛﻢ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻮن ﺷﻨﻮ رﺳﻤﺘﻬﺎ(‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻧﻌﻮض ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ‪ ' = 0‬ﺛﻢ ﻧﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ ' = 1,2,3‬وﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪة ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
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‫‪ -5‬ﻧﺨﺘﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ ‪ ' = −1, −2, −3‬وﻧﺮﺳﻢ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻛﻞ وﺣﺪة ﻓﻴﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
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‫‪0‬‬
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‫‪1‬‬
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‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ ‪ 1‬ﺷﺎرع ‪105‬‬ ‫‪Inspire.kw‬‬ ‫‪99076876 - 99433184‬‬
 (13) Draw a counter of the function showing several curves.
!(#, %) = #! − %!
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105 ‫ ﺷﺎرع‬1 ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ Inspire.kw 99076876 - 99433184
(14) Draw a counter of the function showing several curves.
!(#, %) = #%
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105 ‫ ﺷﺎرع‬1 ‫ﺻﺒﺎح اﻟﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬ Inspire.kw 99076876 - 99433184
 (15) Draw a counter of the function showing several curves.
!(#, %) = √# + %

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