Attention

Interpreting requires making adjustments to the default that is why it develops three
Active listening Association
ways we communicate verbally in everyday life ways of intensifying understanding
Active listening and
Analysis
discourse analysis

Discourse analysis study how speech works through its

structure and the aspects that need special attetion to
retain
Learning to do some everyday t
has five main
Initiation it consists on asks in new ways that are specific
components This component is focused
to interpreting Introduction to public speaking
on practice speech

Language and sense How to think outside linguistic form

There are the basic principles of interpreting and

Meditation
what you have to do and do not

Forming habits for Students need to practice and make activities in order to
self-directed learning develop the basic skills of listening and analyzing.

Passive listening

Ways of listening Superficial listening

Selective listening

Is more intensive, concentrated process than any of the

We need sufficient knowledge not only of the language
ways we normally listen everyday life This mean preparation
spoken but also of the topic and its background

Mobilizing relevant knowledge Empathy and the speaker’s Appreciating the speaker’s intended effect
From active listening to discouyrse modelling Active listening communicative intent is necessary to realizing it in the target language

Imagination

This classic exercise aims at easing students into the

Idiomatic gist habit of listening for sense, not words, and then re-
expressing that sense clearly and naturally
Exercises for active listening
This demonstration aims to show how we can
Listening cloze understand a passage correctly even when it is
presented with gaps

A discourse model is a complex mental representation

that we construct while reading or listening to a text or
speech that we intend to recall later

Brainstorming

Deliver a passage

Listen actively

Discourse modeling and outlining

The Discourse Outlining exercise involves listening Interpretation
(actively) to passages of structured discourse, and then
Procedure
creating a point-form outline that reflects their Making a
organization and argument structure discourse outline

Compare and
add details

Improved
interpretation

Initiation to interpreting We use concision to describe the ability to convey the

same full message, explicit and implicit, without loss, but
more succinctly

We use compression to describe a more vigorous

streamlining that includes both maximal concision of
expression and fuller elimination of redundancy

Concision, compression, Requested by a client

summary and gisting
Summary omits not essential information and may go as Is justified in Optimize the service
far as reducing the message to its macroestructure only three cases
During whispered
interpreting

Abstracting will aim to preserve the main headlines

or conclusions, possibly reducing length to just 5-15% of
the original

The theory saw linguistic interference as a problem as

Deverbalization and
the Théorie du sens
symptomatic of a false view of translation as pure
linguistic transfer, insisting instead that good translation
could only come from interpreting the sense of the
speaker’s words in context, rather than merely converting
them

Deverbalization and
Deverbalization, or conceptual rather than linguistic
interference-busting representation, helps the interpreter to reformulate
idiomatically and escape linguistic interference

Sight translation is a form of interpretation which it is

Introduction to called the oral reformulation of written text, which
sight translation remains visually present and poses a greater risk of
interference

Speak in first person

Imitate tone and energy in an appropriate

lever of intensity

Dos
State ideas clearly for the audience

Finish your sentences

Dos and dont’s: ground

Follow the basic rules of good delivery
rules of interpreting

Over react while listening

Nod enthusiastically
Short consecutive
Don’ts
without notes Mumble in agreement, shake your head, laugh out loud at
the speaker’s jokes

Ask big open-ended questions

The TL rendition inappropriately goes beyond what the

Over-translation
speaker actually said, or intended to convey
Over-translation and
under-translation The TL rendition only partially or unsuccessfully conveys
Under-translation relevant meaning that is important to the speaker’s
message

Impartial role: suppress your own views, sympathies or

The interpreter’s
preferences when interpreting; do not let them color your
role: basics
interpretation