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Essay 2 Draft 1 PDF
Essay 2 Draft 1 PDF
Yuritci Martinez
Professor Nolen
ENGL 1302-101
4 October 2022
Covid-19 Vaccines effectiveness and side effects toward people: A review of a Scholarship
This paper presents the existing research that reports the side effects after getting the
Covid-19 vaccines, yet the other side scholars argue about the effectiveness of the Covid -19
The Covid-19 vaccines have caused a lot of side effects or negative impact toward the
people and has caused paralysis or even death. According to researches, the Covid-19 vaccines has
caused a lot of side effects toward the woman’s and adolescents after getting vaccinated. The
research by Muhaidat, et al. agree that Covid-19 vaccines has caused people side effects because
he investigates how women around the world are having abnormalities in their menstrual periods
after getting vaccinated. As Muhaidat, et al. stated “In addition, many studies reported a variety of
vaccine-related side effects, ranging from mild symptoms like fever, chills, headache, fatigue, and
arm pain to severe side effects such as thrombosis and anaphylaxis. Moreover, a recent study
cycle length, pain, and bleeding” (395). The researcher started investigating the menstrual cycle
abnormalities of the woman’s and study the different types of Covid-19 vaccines to see which one
was causing the most side effects after getting vaccinated. Muhaidat, et al., observe that “66.3%
of women experienced menstrual abnormalities after vaccination” and “The majority (46.7%) had
the symptoms after the first dose, while 32.4% after the second dose and 20.9% after both doses”
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(398). He stated that “93.6% of participant, the symptoms resolved within 2 months” (395).
Muhaidat, et al., concluded that the vaccine had a little bit of influence with the problem of the
menstrual abnormalities among these women, but these symptoms were normal or common to
happen to woman’s after getting vaccinated because the body is reacting on a positive way. As
Muhaidat, et al., stated that “According to our findings, the vaccine altered the duration of
menstruation and length of the menstrual cycle in the women who received it, resulting in a
significant difference between before and after vaccination” (400). Therefore, the Covid-19
vaccines did affect women’s menstrual cycle and has impacted their quality of life. These women
will have major change in their life because the body will have new changes due to the vaccines.
Alternatively, Tavakoli, et al., reports about how the Covid-19 vaccines were affecting the
adolescents and children with side effects after getting vaccinated. He agrees that Covid-19
vaccines have influence on the side, when getting vaccinated. Tavakoli, et al., investigates if the
Covid-19 vaccines are safe and the side effects of the children’s and adolescents under 18 years.
As Tavakoli, et al., observe that “31.8% of the participants receiving Soberana experienced general
side effects the same day of vaccination, while in the Sinopharm group it was 25.1%. Soberana
shows early side effects compared to Sinopharm. Moreover, 7.2% of the participants receiving
Soberana experienced general side effects 3 days after the injection, but it was 5.7% in the
Sinopharm group” (4892). He commented that Sinopharm group had higher side effects compared
to the Soberana group. The side effects that the children’s and adolescents were experimenting are
pain, fatigue, and dizziness after getting vaccinated. Tavakoli, et at., stated that “They reported
that fatigue, chill, dizziness, and fever were the most common side effects, and however 10% of
the cases reported severe side effects. Based on our study, the most common side effect in
teenagers is also nonsignificant complications, but the rate of severe adverse reactions in less than
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18 years is lesser than in adults” (4897). He concludes that every Covid-19 vaccine will have side
effects and some vaccines can have higher side effects than others. Furthermore, he concludes that
Covid-19 vaccinations made by Sinopharm and Soberana are typically safe and do not have any
Manny people from all ages have been hospitalize on the ER after getting vaccinated and
the Covid-19 Vaccines have highly risked of side effects that can caused death. Solomon, et al.,
investigates patients from the emergency room presenting with suspected side effects or
complications of recent Covid-19 vaccination” (1). The researchers wanted to find what was
causing patients to be hospitalized, but they had and Idea because patients were “presenting with
symptoms suspected to be side effects of recent Covid-19 vaccination” (2). Unexpected adverse
effects of the Covid-19 vaccination have been reported, some of which have caused visits to the
emergency room. Solomon, et al., observe that “Chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, and
headache were the most common presenting symptoms in the ER after COVID-19 vaccination,
and chest X-ray and computed tomography chest angiography were the most ordered studies to
assess vaccine-related complications” (1). The authors concluded that it is rare that vaccines will
cause serous reaction, but some side effects can lead the person to the ER.
In addition to, a total of five vaccinations against Covid-19 have been approved by the
authorities: Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Johnson & Jonson) and. Novavax. Every vaccine has different
reactions or side effects toward people but have been proven to reduce hospitalizations thus
proving their efficacy. Erazo, et al., agrees that the Covid-19 vaccines are safety and has been
proven that reduces a lot of hospitalization. Erazo, et al., observe that the “findings confirm the
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protection conferred by the vaccines against the risks of hospitalization in all age groups” (4). They
stated that “our results also confirm notable variations in the apparent protective effect of the
vaccine between different age categories, with the RR estimates increasing globally with age” (4).
The research has proven that the Covid-19 vaccines protects the people from getting hospitalized;
they also confirm that the more boosters you get the less the risk of getting hospitalized. Erazo, et
al., observes “Globally, those overall sliding window estimates indicated that the effect of
vaccination on the risk of hospitalization remains high, with RR associated with “at least primary
course completed” and “The latter observations further highlight the importance of the booster
shots to maintain a sufficient level of protection against the risk of hospitalization in these older
age categories” (5). The Covid-19 vaccines and boosters have been lowering the numbers of
hospitalizations and has protect the people, when the second SARSCoV-2.
It was rare that people would get allergic reaction, when getting vaccinated. Romanowski, Commented [LA2]: Use another word, like inusual
et al., agree that all the Covid-19 vaccines are safe and efficacy for the people that suffer with
allergic reactions. “Several SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines have been approved around the globe,
including mRNA (i.e., Comirnaty® and Spikevax), and viral vector (COVID‐19 Janssen and
Vaxzevria) vaccines. All of them have demonstrated high safety and efficacy in preventing severe
COVID‐19 infection in clinical trials” (Romanowski, et al.,2). The researches investigate the
patients with high risk of allergy, those who experience allergic reactions after the first reaction
vaccine dosses, should not get the second dose. The researches have look at develop methods for
managing vaccine treatment in individuals at high risk for allergy; many who have allergic
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reactions after receiving the first dose of the vaccine shouldn’t receive the second” (Romanowski,
et al.,2).
The Covid-19 vaccines has made a big impact because these vaccines have helped and
protect the people to not get hospitalized, nor get the infection again or even death. Chirico, et al.,
agree that the Covid- 19 vaccines are safety and effectiveness because has help people to not get
sick. Chirico, et al., stated that “the SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization in a large multi-
country phase III trial after administering two doses 21 days apart, but efficacy could not be
determined in people aged 60+ and with comorbidities, and there was an underrepresentation of
women” (92). The researchers observe that “three vaccines had higher (>90%) efficacy against
COVID-19 Infection {Pfizer-BioNTech (~95%), Moderna (~94%) and Sputnik V (~92%)] than
the vaccines by Oxford-AstraZeneca (~70%) and Janssen (54-72%), against moderate and severe
forms of COVID-19 infection” (Chirico, et al.,92). These vaccines showed high efficacy against
the infection and a very high level of protection against serve disease, hospitalization, and death.
High effectiveness against the virus and very high levels of protection against sickness,
Therefore, these vaccines have been confirmed that are safety and effectiveness for
everyone, but not everybody are same. Liu, et al., evaluates the effectiveness and safety of the
covid-19 vaccine in the real world” (3). Liu, et al., observes “the effectiveness by the first and
second dose of vaccines” (4). The Covid-19 vaccines have also been proved by these researches
that they are safe and efficacy, and these vaccines will help to protect you from hospitalization,
“For the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the pooled VE was 41% (95% CI: 28–54%)
for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 52% (95% CI: 31–73%) for the prevention of
symptomatic COVID-19, 66% (95% CI: 50–81%) for the prevention of hospital admissions, 45%
(95% CI: 42–49%) for the prevention of ICU admissions, and 53% (95% CI: 15–91%) for the
“For the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the pooled VE was 85% (95% CI: 81–
89%) for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 97% (95% CI: 97–98%) for the prevention of
symptomatic COVID-19, 93% (95% CI: 89–96%) for the prevention of hospital admissions, 96%
(95% CI: 93–98%) for the prevention of ICU admissions, and 95% (95% CI: 92–98%) for the
To conclude, these Covid-19 vaccines has been proved by 32 studies for vaccine effectiveness and
26 studies for vaccine safety. The Coronavirus vaccinations are remarkably safe and have the
potential to signific ally reduce the virus-related deaths, serve cases, symptomatic cases, and
Conclusion
Most of the people have proven that the Covid -19 vaccines are effectiveness and safety,
but not everyone talks about the side effects that these vaccines caused after getting vaccinated.
Therefore, 4 out of 10 articles agree that Covid-19 vaccines are safe and effectiveness for everyone.
While 6 out of 10 articles agrees the Covid-19 are safe, but they caused side effects and negative
impact toward the people. Commented [LA3]: Overall, the essay was interesting and
well formatted, but try make more about your conclusion.
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Works cited
https://doi.org/10.5582/bst.2021.01061.
Review.” Indian Journal of Medical Research, vol. 155, no. 1, Jan. 2022, pp. 91–104.,
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_474_21.
Erazo, Diana, et al. “Investigating Covid-19 Vaccine Impact on the Risk of Hospitalisation
through the Analysis of National Surveillance Data Collected in Belgium.” Viruses, vol.
Liu, Qiao, et al. “Effectiveness and Safety of SARS-COV-2 Vaccine in Real-World Studies: A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” Infectious Diseases of Poverty, vol. 10, no. 1, 14
Luo, Chongliang, et al. “Comparability of Clinical Trials and Spontaneous Reporting Data
Regarding COVID-19 Vaccine Safety.” Scientific Reports, vol. 12, no. 1, 29 June 2022, pp.
1–9., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13809-7.
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Solomon, Nadia, et al. “Emergency Room Imaging Findings in Patients Presenting after COVID-
19 Vaccination.” Journal of Clinical Imaging Science, vol. 12, 17 June 2022, pp. 1–7.,
https://doi.org/10.25259/jcis_44_2022.
Stouten, Veerle, et al. “Incidence and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough
Infections: A Prospective Cohort Study in Belgium.” Viruses, vol. 14, no. 4, 13 Apr. 2022,
Romanowski, Jan, et al. “Protocol of Safe Vaccination against COVID‐19 in Patients with High
Risk of Allergic Reactions.” Clinical and Translational Allergy, vol. 12, no. 5, 21 Apr.
Tavakoli, Nader, et al. “Pediatric and Adolescent COVID‐19 Vaccination Side Effects: A
Retrospective Cohort Study of the Iranian Teenage Group in 2021.” Journal of Medical
https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27962.